{"id":10031,"date":"2018-07-08T21:06:40","date_gmt":"2018-07-08T15:06:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/?p=10031"},"modified":"2023-05-08T17:42:13","modified_gmt":"2023-05-08T22:42:13","slug":"forgiven-or-passed-over-part-6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/?p=10031","title":{"rendered":"Forgiven or Passed Over? Part 6"},"content":{"rendered":"

In another essay<\/a> I considered occurrences of s\u00e2lach<\/em> (\u05d5\u05e0\u05e1\u05dc\u05d7<\/a>) in Leviticus, translated will be forgiven<\/em>.\u00a0 The rabbis\u2019<\/span> translation\u00a0\u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 (a form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9<\/a>) in the Septuagint (See Table1<\/a> below) impressed me and I compared those same passages of Leviticus to occurrences of \u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 in the New Testament as outlined below:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Will Be Forgiven<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Leviticus 4:13-21<\/a><\/td>\nFor the Whole Congregation<\/em><\/td>\ns\u00e2lach<\/em>, \u05d5\u05e0\u05e1\u05dc\u05d7; Septuagint: \u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, a form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9<\/td>\nMatthew 12:31<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 4:22-26<\/a><\/td>\nFor the Leader<\/em><\/td>\nMatthew 12:32<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 4:27-31<\/a><\/td>\nFor the Common Person<\/em><\/td>\nMark 3:28<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 4:32-35<\/a><\/td>\nLuke 12:10<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/a>I was surprised, however, by k\u00e2phar<\/em> (\u05d5\u05db\u05e4\u05e8<\/a>), translated atonement<\/em> in English and \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 (a form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/a>) in the Septuagint (See Table2<\/a> below).\u00a0 None of the writers of the New Testament was led by the Holy Spirit to use any form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 in any descriptions of Jesus\u2019 ministry or of new life in Christ.\u00a0 My surprise reminds me where I began this trajectory, believing that the differences between one who has received <\/em>(John 1:11-13<\/a>) Jesus and the Judeans who had believed him<\/em> (John 8:31-45<\/a>) was primarily cosmetic<\/a> rather than organic (John 3:7<\/a>; Romans 8:14<\/a>; Galatians 5:22-26<\/a>).\u00a0 This is another area where I haven\u2019t fully appreciated the new covenant (Jeremiah 31:31, 32a NET):<\/p>\n

\n

\u201cIndeed, a time is coming,\u201d says the Lord, \u201cwhen I will make a new covenant with the people of Israel and Judah. \u00a0It will not be like the old covenant that I made with their ancestors when I delivered them from Egypt.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

To highlight how the new covenant is not<\/em>\u2026like the old covenant<\/em> I\u2019ll contrast old and new covenant forgiveness.\u00a0 Under the old covenant forgiveness (s\u00e2lach<\/em>, \u05d5\u05e0\u05e1\u05dc\u05d7: Septuagint: \u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, a form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9) was the end result of an exacting procedure of atonement (k\u00e2phar<\/em>, \u05d5\u05db\u05e4\u05e8; Septuagint: \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, a form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9) officiated by priests performing rituals ordained in the law.\u00a0 And I call it exacting<\/em> because death was a very real possibility for priests who didn\u2019t follow the rituals to the letter (Exodus 28:42, 43<\/a>; Leviticus 10:1-3<\/a>).[1]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 New covenant forgiveness is more in keeping with Jesus\u2019 Spirit: Freely you received, freely give<\/em>.[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Under the new covenant the Son of Man<\/em> (\u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u1f7d\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5, a form of \u1f04\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2<\/a>) [and, presumably, the daughter of humanity, too] has authority <\/em>(\u1f10\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u1f77\u03b1\u03bd, a form of \u1f10\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/a>) on earth to forgive<\/em> (\u1f00\u03c6\u03b9\u1f73\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9) sins <\/em>(\u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2, a form of \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1<\/a>)\u2026[3]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 So Jesus said to them again<\/em> (John 20:21-23 NET):<\/p>\n

\u201cPeace be with you.\u00a0 Just as the Father has sent me, I also send you.\u201d \u00a0And after he said this, he breathed on them and said, \u201cReceive the Holy Spirit. \u00a0If you forgive (\u1f00\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c4\u03b5, another form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9)<\/em> anyone\u2019s sins (\u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2, a form of \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1)<\/em>, they are forgiven (\u1f00\u03c6\u1f73\u03c9\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9,[4]<\/sup><\/a> another form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9)<\/em>; if you retain (\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c4\u03b5, a form of \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c9<\/a>)<\/em> anyone\u2019s sins, they are retained (\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u1f71\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c9)<\/em>.\u201d[5]<\/sup><\/a><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Anyone who prays as Jesus instructed<\/a> links his or her own forgiveness, not to priests and rituals but, to the forgiveness of others: and forgive<\/em> (\u1f04\u03c6\u03b5\u03c2, another form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9) us our debts <\/em>(\u1f40\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u1f75\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, a form of \u1f40\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1<\/a>), as we ourselves have forgiven<\/a><\/em> (\u1f00\u03c6\u1f75\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd,[6]<\/sup><\/a> another form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9) our debtors <\/em>(\u1f40\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u1f73\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2, a form of \u1f40\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/a>).[7]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 Jesus was explicit in his explanation: For if you forgive<\/em> (\u1f00\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c4\u03b5, another form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9) others <\/em>(\u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u1f7d\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, another form of \u1f04\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2) their sins <\/em>(\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u1f7d\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/a>, a form of \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1<\/a>), your heavenly Father will also forgive<\/em> (\u1f00\u03c6\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, another form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9) you.\u00a0 But if you do not forgive<\/em> (\u1f00\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c4\u03b5, another form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9) others<\/a> <\/em>(\u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u1f7d\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, another form of \u1f04\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2),[8]<\/sup><\/a> your Father will not forgive <\/em>(\u1f00\u03c6\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9, another form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9) you your sins <\/em>(\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u1f7d\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, a form of \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1).[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

I was socialized among people who, though we would never say we reject Jesus\u2019 teaching we, have encumbered this particular teaching with so many caveats it only means that one should forgive a fellow believer in good standing with one\u2019s local church who comes to formally seek forgiveness through repentance.\u00a0 Granted, at the end of the parable of the unforgiving slave (Matthew 18:23-35<\/a>) Jesus said \u1f00\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u1ff7, brother<\/em>: And in anger his lord turned him over to the prison guards to torture<\/a> <\/em>(\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2, a form of \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2<\/a>) him until he repaid all he owed<\/a>.<\/em>[10]<\/sup><\/a> \u00a0So also my heavenly<\/em>[11]<\/sup><\/a> Father will do to you, if each of you does not forgive<\/em> (\u1f00\u03c6\u1fc6\u03c4\u03b5, another form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9) your brother<\/em> (\u1f00\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u1ff7, a form of \u1f00\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03cc\u03c2<\/a>) from your heart<\/a><\/em>.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

In his essay, \u201cShould I Forgive Those Who Don\u2019t Ask for Forgiveness?<\/a>\u201d Julian Freeman<\/a> wrote an interesting response to my socialization:<\/p>\n

When we view ourselves as the \u2018God\u2019 figure in the relationship, we\u2019re missing something. The reality is that we are servants, compelled by the mercy we\u2019ve been shown, to forgive other (equal) servants. That\u2019s different than God\u2019s forgiveness. Our forgiveness displays the reality and power of God\u2019s forgiveness, but it\u2019s different. We are commanded to forgive; God does so of his own character. When God forgives it is a superior showing mercy on an inferior; when we forgive it is servant to servant. The connection between God forgiving us and us forgiving each other is a little more nuanced than some like to admit\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n

All things considered, I think that what Christ is calling us to is a stance, a posture of forgiveness. He\u2019s calling us to a readiness to forgive in a moment. I think he is calling us to treat people with love and mercy, with humility and compassion. He is calling us to remember that if someone has sinned against me, I should be quicker to identify with them (\u2018I have sinned this way too\u2026\u2019) than to identify with God (\u2018I have been offended without cause\u2026\u2019). When we realize that it could have just as easily been me offending as me offended, I\u2019m much slower to hold offences against other people.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

To forgive others for being less than Christlike is a natural expression of God\u2019s own love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness and self-control[13]<\/sup><\/a> springing up to eternal life<\/em>[14]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 I take some issue with the assertion that, \u201cOffering forgiveness really means next to nothing if the offender doesn\u2019t believe they need forgiveness in the first place.\u201d\u00a0 Mr. Freeman stated obliquely that the purpose of our forgiveness of others is reconciliation with them\u2014\u201chow can there be true reconciliation in relationships if the offending party doesn\u2019t admit wrong?\u201d\u2014and implied that forgiveness is just another tool to manipulate others\u2019 behavior.<\/p>\n

The Holy Spirit (John 14:16, 17<\/a>; John 14:26<\/a>) convinces<\/a>, convicts<\/a>, reproves<\/a>, proves the world wrong concerning sin and righteousness and judgment<\/em>, as Jesus taught (John 16:7-11 NET):<\/p>\n

But I tell you the truth, it is to your advantage that I am going away. \u00a0For if I[15]<\/sup><\/a><\/em> do not go away, the Advocate will not come to you, but if I go, I will send him to you. \u00a0And when he comes, he will prove the world wrong concerning sin and righteousness and judgment \u2013 concerning sin, because they do not believe in me; concerning righteousness, because I am going to the Father[16]<\/sup><\/a><\/em> and you will see me no longer; and concerning judgment, because the ruler of this world has been condemned (\u03ba\u1f73\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, a form of \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03c9<\/a>)<\/em>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Forgiving others demonstrates faith<\/a> in Jesus\u2019 word, as does linking our own forgiveness to forgiving others when we pray.\u00a0 To my mind whether we forgive humanity (\u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u1f7d\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, another form of \u1f04\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2; translated others<\/em>) in general or only repentant believers comes down to one\u2019s interpretation of: And I, when I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all people <\/em>(\u03c0\u1f71\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, a form of \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c2<\/a>) to myself<\/em>.[17]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

I think one who believes that \u03c0\u1f71\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 here means all <\/em>will be more open to forgiving all than those who believe that \u03c0\u1f71\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 (and any other form of \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c2) is \u201cgenerally used to signify that Christ has redeemed some of all sorts — some Jews, some Gentiles, some rich, some poor, and has not restricted His redemption to either Jew or Gentile…\u201d[18]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 Paul wrote believers in Colossae that God was pleased to have all <\/em>(\u03c0\u1fb6\u03bd, another form of \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c2) his fullness dwell in the Son and through him to reconcile all things<\/em> (\u03c0\u1f71\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1, another form of \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c2) to himself by making peace through the blood of his cross \u2013 through him, whether things on earth or things in heaven<\/em>.[19]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 But, admittedly, my acceptance of forms of \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c2 as all<\/em>, when there is no obvious limit<\/a> in the text, is a strategy.<\/p>\n

<\/a>With no offense intended to C.H. Spurgeon<\/a> I would rather that Jesus ask me, \u201cWhy did you believe that I would draw all to myself<\/em>?\u201d\u00a0 I can defend that with a lifetime of mistakes made by under-valuing the truth<\/a> of Jesus\u2019 words.\u00a0 The alternative\u2014\u201cWhy did you believe that \u03c0\u1f71\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 meant I would draw some<\/a> <\/em>(\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, a form of \u03c4\u03af\u03c2<\/a>) to myself?\u201d\u2014is harder to defend.\u00a0 \u201cWell, C.H. Spurgeon said\u2026\u201d would not have worked on my mother. \u00a0I don\u2019t expect it to be a reasonable defense before Jesus Christ.\u00a0 I tend to think more about what <\/em>to forgive than who <\/em>to forgive (Matthew 12:30-32 NET):<\/p>\n

Whoever is not with me is against me, and whoever does not gather with me scatters. \u00a0For this reason (\u0394\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf<\/a>)<\/em> I tell you, people (\u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u1f7d\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, another form of \u1f04\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2)<\/em> will be forgiven (\u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, a form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9)<\/em> for every (\u03c0\u1fb6\u03c3\u03b1, another form of \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c2)<\/em> sin (\u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1<\/a>)<\/em> and blasphemy (\u03b2\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u1f77\u03b1<\/a>)<\/em>, but the blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven<\/a> (\u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, a form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9) [Table<\/a>].[20]<\/sup><\/a><\/em> \u00a0Whoever[21]<\/sup><\/a><\/em> speaks a word against the Son of Man (\u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u1f7d\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5, a form of \u1f04\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2)<\/em> will be forgiven (\u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, a form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9)<\/em>. \u00a0But whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven (\u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, a form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9)<\/em>, either in this[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/em> age or in the age to come.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

I try to interpret blasphemy against the Holy Spirit narrowly enough that it doesn\u2019t become another loophole for my judgmental hatred[23]<\/sup><\/a> of others.\u00a0 Since May[24]<\/sup><\/a> I\u2019ve added Ephesians 3:14-19<\/a> back into my daily prayers.\u00a0 I prayed it years ago for myself, desperately, selfishly.\u00a0 Now I can pray it for all who believe, have believed and will believe in Jesus for eternal life<\/a>.\u00a0 Following Romans 9:16<\/a> and 11:32<\/a>, my persistent prayer for justice (Luke 18:1-8<\/a>), and preceding 1 Timothy 2:1-4<\/a>, it has given me both the place and the presence to laugh at myself when that judgmental hatred rears its ugly head in my consciousness.\u00a0 I\u2019m like Crocodile Dundee<\/a> (Paul Hogan<\/a>) scarcely missing a beat as he wrings<\/a> the snake’s neck.\u00a0 Regardless of my personal strategy I concede that forgiving even fellow believers in faithfulness to Jesus\u2019 teaching is a positive step toward the new covenant.<\/p>\n

<\/a>Now I want to turn briefly to a potential error.\u00a0 In another essay<\/a> I included Leviticus 5:1 together with verses 2-6.\u00a0 Here is the entire passage (Leviticus 5:1-6 NET):<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2018When a person sins in that he hears a public curse against one who fails to testify and he is a witness (he either saw or knew what had happened) and he does not make it known, then he will bear (<\/em>n\u00e2\u015b\u00e2\u02bc, \u05d5\u05e0\u05e9\u05c1\u05d0<\/a>; Septuagint<\/a>: \u03bb\u1f75\u03bc\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, a form of \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9<\/a>)<\/em> his punishment for iniquity (<\/em>\u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n, \u05e2\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5<\/a>; Septuagint: \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1\u03bd, a form of \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1)<\/em>.\u00a0 Or when there is a person who touches anything ceremonially unclean, whether the carcass of an unclean wild animal, or the carcass of an unclean domesticated animal, or the carcass of an unclean creeping thing, even if he did not realize it, but he himself has become unclean and is guilty; or when he touches human uncleanness with regard to anything by which he can become unclean, even if he did not realize it, but he himself has later come to know it and is guilty; or when a person swears an oath, speaking thoughtlessly with his lips, whether to do evil or to do good, with regard to anything which the individual might speak thoughtlessly in an oath, even if he did not realize it, but he himself has later come to know it and is guilty with regard to one of these oaths \u2013 when an individual becomes guilty with regard to one of these things he must confess how he has sinned, and he must bring his penalty for guilt to the Lord for his sin that he has committed, a female from the flock, whether a female sheep or a female goat, for a sin offering.\u00a0 So the priest will make atonement (<\/em>k\u00e2phar, \u05d5\u05db\u05e4\u05e8)<\/em> on his behalf for his sin.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

In the NET \u05e2\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5 (\u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n<\/em>) was translated his punishment for iniquity<\/em>.\u00a0 Aaron and his sons<\/em> were commanded to wear linen undergarments when they enter to the tent of meeting, or when they approach the altar to minister in the Holy Place, so that they bear<\/em> (n\u00e2\u015b\u00e2\u02bc<\/em>, \u05d9\u05e9\u05c1\u05d0\u05d5; Septuagint<\/a>: \u1f10\u03c0\u1f71\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<\/a>, a form of \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03c9<\/a>) no iniquity<\/em> (\u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n<\/em>, \u05e2\u05d5\u05df; Septuagint: \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1\u03bd, a form of \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1) and die<\/em>.[25]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 I acknowledged<\/a> that \u201cI would consider death an extreme punishment for bearing iniquity.\u201d\u00a0 The punishment <\/em>for a witness who fails to testify and thus bears iniquity would, I assume, be the public curse<\/em>.\u00a0 Here is an example of a public curse (Ezra 10:7, 8 NET):<\/p>\n

A proclamation was circulated throughout Judah and Jerusalem that all the exiles were to be assembled in Jerusalem [Table<\/a>]<\/em>. \u00a0Everyone who did not come within three days would thereby forfeit all his property, in keeping with the counsel of the officials and the elders. \u00a0Furthermore, he himself would be excluded from the assembly of the exiles [Table<\/a>].<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

So the punishments for noncompliance would be to forfeit all his property<\/em> and to be excluded from the assembly of the exiles<\/em>.<\/p>\n

<\/a>I\u2019m not sure whether the person who failed to testify could still receive atonement (though the curse penalty would still be paid) or was completely exempt from the possibility of atonement.\u00a0 In other words, I\u2019m willing to consider whether this was one of the offenses from which the law of Moses could not justify<\/em>: Therefore let it be known to you, brothers<\/em>, Paul preached in the synagogue in Pisidian Antioch<\/a>, that through this one forgiveness <\/em>(\u1f04\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2, a form of \u1f04\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2<\/a>) of sins <\/em>(\u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u1ff6\u03bd, another form of \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1) is proclaimed to you, and by this one everyone who believes is justified from everything from which the<\/a> law of Moses<\/a> could not justify you<\/em>.[26]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 Even One of the criminals<\/em> (Luke 23:39-43<\/a>) on the cross, justified by grace through faith in Jesus, still died (John 19:31-37<\/a>) for his crimes.<\/p>\n

I want to compare\/contrast this to the person who violates any of the Lord\u2019s commandments<\/em> but did not know it at the time <\/em>(Leviticus 5:17-19 NET):<\/p>\n

\u201cIf a person sins and violates any of the Lord\u2019s commandments which must not be violated (although he did not know it at the time, but later realizes he is guilty [<\/em>\u02bc\u00e2sham, \u05d5\u05d0\u05e9\u05dd<\/a>]<\/em>), then he will bear (<\/em>n\u00e2\u015b\u00e2\u02bc, \u05d5\u05e0\u05e9\u05c1\u05d0; Septuagint<\/a>: \u03bb\u1f71\u03b2\u1fc3, another form of \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9)<\/em> his punishment for iniquity (<\/em>\u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n, \u05e2\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5; Septuagint: \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1\u03bd, a form of \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1)<\/em> and must bring a flawless ram from the flock, convertible into silver shekels, for a guilt offering to the priest. So the priest will make atonement (<\/em>k\u00e2phar, \u05d5\u05db\u05e4\u05e8; Septuagint<\/a>: \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9)<\/em> on his behalf for his error which he committed (although he himself had not known it) and he will be forgiven (<\/em>s\u00e2lach, \u05d5\u05e0\u05e1\u05dc\u05d7; Septuagint: \u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, a form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9)<\/em>. \u00a0It is a guilt offering; he was surely (<\/em>\u02bc\u00e2sham, \u05d0\u05e9\u05dd)<\/em> guilty (<\/em>\u02bc\u00e2sham, \u05d0\u05e9\u05dd)<\/em> before the Lord.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

So did the translators consider bringing a flawless ram from the flock<\/em> a punishment for iniquity<\/em>?\u00a0 And I ask this because they also translated \u05d0\u05e9\u05de\u05d5<\/a> (\u02bc\u00e2sh\u00e2m<\/em>) his penalty for guilt<\/em> in Leviticus 5:15.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Form of \u02bc\u00e2sh\u00e2m<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Reference<\/td>\nKJV<\/td>\nNET<\/td>\nSeptuagint<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u05d0\u05e9\u05de\u05d5<\/td>\nLeviticus 5:15<\/td>\n…then he shall bring for his trespass <\/strong>unto the LORD…<\/td>\n…then he must bring his penalty for guilt <\/strong>to the Lord…<\/td>\n\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2, a form of \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1[27]<\/sup><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u05dc\u05d0\u05e9\u05dd<\/td>\n…after the shekel of the sanctuary, for a trespass offering<\/strong>…<\/td>\n…according to the standard of the sanctuary shekel, for a guilt offering<\/strong>.<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u1f73\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd, a form of \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c9[28]<\/sup><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 5:18<\/td>\n…with thy estimation, for a trespass offering<\/strong>…<\/td>\n…convertible into silver shekels, for a guilt offering<\/strong>…<\/td>\n\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u1f73\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd, another form of \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u05d4\u05d0\u05e9\u05dd<\/td>\nLeviticus 5:16<\/td>\n…an atonement for him with the ram of the trespass offering<\/strong>…<\/td>\n…make atonement on his behalf with the guilt offering<\/strong> ram…<\/td>\n\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2, a form of \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u05d0\u05e9\u05dd<\/td>\nLeviticus 5:19<\/td>\nIt is a trespass offering<\/strong>:<\/td>\nIt is a guilt offering<\/strong>…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u1f73\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd, a form of \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Or is it simply an assertion that ignorance of the law or of one\u2019s own violation of the law is no excuse?\u00a0 Or is it an example of some unspecified punishment added to atonement?\u00a0 I\u2019m glad that my responsibility is to forgive our \u1f40\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u1f73\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 (debtors<\/em>), both \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 (sin<\/em>) and \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 (sin<\/em>), because I have been forgiven, rather than to act as a priest adjudicating<\/a> these laws<\/a>.\u00a0 And here I\u2019m reminded to keep the stakes in focus (Matthew 5:18, 19 NET):<\/p>\n

I tell you the truth, until heaven and earth pass away not the smallest letter or stroke of a letter will pass from the law until everything takes place.\u00a0 So anyone who breaks one of the least of these commands and teaches others (\u1f00\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u1f7d\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, another form of \u1f04\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2)<\/em> to do so will be called least in the kingdom of heaven, but whoever obeys[29]<\/sup><\/a><\/em> (\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u1f75\u03c3\u1fc3, a form of \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ad\u03c9<\/a>; e.g., <\/em>the doers<\/a> [\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u1f76<\/a>, a form of \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2<\/a>]<\/em> of the law shall be justified)<\/em> them and teaches others to do so will be called great in the kingdom of heaven.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Love does no wrong to a neighbor<\/em>, Paul wrote believers in Rome.\u00a0 Therefore love is the fulfillment of the law<\/em>.[30]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 Two tables of occurrences of forms of s\u00e2lach<\/a><\/em> and k\u00e2phar<\/a><\/em> in Leviticus follow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

<\/a>Form of s\u00e2lach<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Reference<\/td>\nKJV<\/td>\nNET<\/td>\nSeptuagint<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u05d5\u05e0\u05e1\u05dc\u05d7<\/td>\nLeviticus 4:20<\/td>\n…make an atonement for them, and it<\/strong> shall be forgiven<\/strong> them.<\/td>\n…make atonement on their behalf and they will be forgiven<\/strong>.<\/td>\n\u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, a form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 4:26<\/td>\n…make an atonement for him as concerning his sin, and it shall be forgiven <\/strong>him.<\/td>\n…make atonement on his behalf for his sin and he will be forgiven<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 4:31<\/td>\n…make an atonement for him, and it shall be forgiven<\/strong> him.<\/td>\n…make atonement on his behalf and he will be forgiven<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 4:35<\/td>\n…his sin that he hath committed, and it shall be forgiven <\/strong>him.<\/td>\n…his sin which he has committed and he will be forgiven<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 5:10<\/td>\n…his sin which he hath sinned, and it shall be forgiven<\/strong> him.<\/td>\n…his sin which he has committed, and he will be forgiven<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 5:13<\/td>\n…in one of these, and it shall be forgiven <\/strong>him:<\/td>\n…by doing one of these things, and he will be forgiven<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 5:16<\/td>\n…with the ram of the trespass offering, and it shall be forgiven<\/strong> him.<\/td>\n…with the guilt offering ram and he will be forgiven<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 5:18<\/td>\n…and wist it not, and it shall be forgiven <\/strong>him.<\/td>\n…(although he himself had not known it) and he will be forgiven<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 6:7<\/td>\n…for him before the LORD: and it shall be forgiven <\/strong>him…<\/td>\n…on his behalf before the Lord and he will be forgiven<\/strong>…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 19:22<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the sin which he hath done shall be forgiven<\/strong> him.<\/td>\n…his sin that he has committed, and he will be forgiven<\/strong>…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

<\/a>Form of k\u00e2phar<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Reference<\/td>\nKJV<\/td>\nNET<\/td>\nSeptuagint<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u05d9\u05db\u05e4\u05e8<\/td>\nLeviticus 5:16<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement <\/strong>for him…<\/td>\nSo the priest will make atonement<\/strong> on his behalf…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9[31]<\/sup><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 7:7<\/td>\n…the priest that maketh atonement<\/strong> therewith shall have it.<\/td>\n…it belongs to the priest who makes atonement<\/strong> with it.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 16:30<\/td>\nFor on that day shall the priest make an atonement <\/strong>for you…<\/td>\n…for on this day atonement <\/strong>is to be made for you…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 16:33<\/td>\n…and he shall make an atonement<\/strong> for the tabernacle of the congregation, and for the altar…<\/td>\n…he is to purify<\/strong> the Meeting Tent and the altar…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9; \u201critually acceptable\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
…and he shall make an atonement<\/strong> for the priests…<\/td>\n…and he is to make atonement<\/strong> for the priests…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 17:11<\/td>\n…for it is the blood that maketh an atonement <\/strong>for the soul.<\/td>\n…for the blood makes atonement <\/strong>by means of the life.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u05d5\u05db\u05e4\u05e8<\/td>\nLeviticus 4:20<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement <\/strong>for them…<\/td>\nSo the priest will make atonement <\/strong>on their behalf…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 4:26<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement <\/strong>for him…<\/td>\nSo the priest will make atonement<\/strong> on his behalf…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 4:31<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement <\/strong>for him…<\/td>\nSo the priest will make atonement<\/strong> on his behalf…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 4:35<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement <\/strong>for his sin…<\/td>\nSo the priest will make atonement<\/strong> on his behalf…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 5:6<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement <\/strong>for him…<\/td>\nSo the priest will make atonement<\/strong> on his behalf…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 5:10<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement <\/strong>for him…<\/td>\nSo the priest will make atonement<\/strong> on behalf of this person…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 5:13<\/td>\nAnd <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement<\/strong> for him…<\/td>\nSo the priest will make atonement<\/strong> on his behalf…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 5:18<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement <\/strong>for him…<\/td>\nSo the priest will make atonement <\/strong>on his behalf…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 6:7<\/td>\nAnd <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement<\/strong> for him…<\/td>\nSo the priest will make atonement<\/strong> on his behalf…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 9:7<\/td>\n…thy burnt offering, and make an atonement <\/strong>for thyself…<\/td>\n…your burnt offering, and make atonement <\/strong>on behalf of yourself…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u1f77\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
…the offering of the people, and make an atonement <\/strong>for them…<\/td>\n…the people\u2019s offering and make atonement <\/strong>on behalf of them…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 12:7<\/td>\n…offer it before the LORD, and make an atonement <\/strong>for her…<\/td>\n…present it before the Lord and make atonement <\/strong>on her behalf…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 12:8<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement <\/strong>for her…<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the priest is to make atonement <\/strong>on her behalf…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 14:18<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement <\/strong>for him…<\/td>\nSo the priest is to make atonement<\/strong> for him…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 14:19<\/td>\n…the sin offering, and make an atonement <\/strong>for him that is to be cleansed…<\/td>\n…the sin offering and make atonement <\/strong>for the one being cleansed…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 14:20<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement <\/strong>for him…<\/td>\nSo the priest is to make atonement <\/strong>for him…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 14:31<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement <\/strong>for him that is to be cleansed…<\/td>\nSo the priest is to make atonement<\/strong> for the one being cleansed…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 14:53<\/td>\n…and make an atonement<\/strong> for the house:<\/td>\nSo he is to make atonement<\/strong> for the house…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 15:15<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement <\/strong>for him…<\/td>\nSo the priest is to make atonement <\/strong>for him…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 15:30<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement <\/strong>for her…<\/td>\nSo the priest is to make atonement<\/strong> for her…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 16:6<\/td>\n…sin offering, which is for himself, and make an atonement <\/strong>for himself…<\/td>\n…bull which is for himself and is to make atonement<\/strong> on behalf of himself…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 16:11<\/td>\n…offering, which is for himself, and shall make an atonement<\/strong> for himself…<\/td>\n…bull which is for himself, and he is to make atonement<\/strong> on behalf of himself…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 16:16<\/td>\nAnd he shall make an atonement<\/strong> for the holy place…<\/td>\nSo he is to make atonement<\/strong> for the holy place…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9; \u201critually acceptable\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 16:17<\/td>\n…and have made an atonement <\/strong>for himself…<\/td>\n…and he has made atonement <\/strong>on his behalf…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 16:18<\/td>\n…the altar that is before the LORD, and make an atonement<\/strong> for it…<\/td>\n…the altar which is before the Lord and make atonement<\/strong> for it.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 16:24<\/td>\n…and make an atonement<\/strong> for himself…<\/td>\nSo he is to make atonement<\/strong> on behalf of himself…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 16:32<\/td>\n…to minister in the priest\u2019s office in his father\u2019s stead, shall make the atonement<\/strong>…<\/td>\n…to act as high priest in place of his father is to make atonement<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 16:33<\/td>\nAnd he shall make an atonement<\/strong> for the holy sanctuary…<\/td>\n…and he is to purify<\/strong> the Most Holy Place…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9; \u201critually acceptable\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 19:22<\/td>\nAnd <\/strong>the priest shall make an atonement <\/strong>for him…<\/td>\n…and <\/strong>the priest is to make atonement<\/strong> for him…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u05dc\u05db\u05e4\u05e8<\/td>\nLeviticus 1:4<\/td>\n…and it shall be accepted for him to make atonement<\/strong> for him.<\/td>\n…and it will be accepted for him to make atonement <\/strong>on his behalf.<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 6:30<\/td>\n…brought into the tabernacle of the congregation to reconcile<\/strong> withal…<\/td>\n…brought into the Meeting Tent to make atonement<\/strong> in the sanctuary\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 8:15<\/td>\n…and sanctified it, to make reconciliation <\/strong>upon it.<\/td>\n…and so consecrated it to make atonement <\/strong>on it.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 8:34<\/td>\n…commanded to do, to make an atonement <\/strong>for you.<\/td>\n…commanded to be done to make atonement <\/strong>for you.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 10:17<\/td>\n…to bear the iniquity of the congregation, to make atonement <\/strong>for them…<\/td>\n…to bear the iniquity of the congregation, to make atonement<\/strong> on their behalf…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 14:21<\/td>\n…a trespass offering to be waved, to make an atonement<\/strong> for him…<\/td>\n…a wave offering to make atonement <\/strong>for himself…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 14:29<\/td>\n…that is to be cleansed, to make an atonement<\/strong> for him…<\/td>\n…the one being cleansed to make atonement<\/strong> for him…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 16:10<\/td>\n…to make an atonement<\/strong> with him, and to let him go for a scapegoat…<\/td>\n…to make atonement<\/strong> on it by sending it away to Azazel…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 16:17<\/td>\n…when he goeth in to make an atonement <\/strong>in the holy place…<\/td>\n…when he enters to make atonement <\/strong>in the holy place…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 16:27<\/td>\n…whose blood was brought in to make atonement<\/strong> in the holy place…<\/td>\n…whose blood was brought to make atonement <\/strong>in the holy place…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 16:34<\/td>\nAnd this shall be an everlasting statute unto you, to make an atonement <\/strong>for the children of…<\/td>\nThis is to be a perpetual statute for you to make atonement <\/strong>for the Israelites…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 17:11<\/td>\nI have given it to you upon the altar to make an atonement<\/strong> for your souls…<\/td>\nI myself have assigned it to you on the altar to make atonement<\/strong> for your lives…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Leviticus 23:28<\/td>\n…a day of atonement, to make an atonement <\/strong>for you…<\/td>\n…a day of atonement[32]<\/sup><\/a> to make atonement<\/strong> for yourselves…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u05de\u05db\u05e4\u05e8<\/td>\nLeviticus 16:20<\/td>\nAnd when he hath made an end of reconciling<\/strong> the holy place…<\/td>\nWhen he has finished purifying <\/strong>the holy place…<\/td>\n\u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u1f79\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, another form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9; \u201critually acceptable\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n
Back to Atonement, Part 4<\/em><\/a><\/div>\n
Back to Fear – Deuteronomy, Part 13<\/em><\/a><\/div>\n
Back to Isaiah 53:10-12, Part 4<\/em><\/a><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\n

<\/a>[1]<\/sup> Leviticus 10:16-20<\/a> is an interesting exception which offers a model for a \u03bb\u1f79\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd (a form of \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2<\/a>) made to God (Romans 14:12<\/a>; 2 Corinthians 5:10<\/a>).<\/p>\n

<\/a>[2]<\/sup> Matthew 10:8b (NET)<\/p>\n

<\/a>[3]<\/sup> Matthew 9:6a (NET)<\/p>\n

<\/a>[4]<\/sup> This verb<\/a> is a perfect tense<\/a> in the indicative mood<\/a>.\u00a0 In the Stephanus Textus Receptus<\/a> and the Byzantine Majority Text<\/a> the word is \u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<\/a>, still in the indicative mood but present tense.<\/p>\n

<\/a>[5]<\/sup> Here are some other interpretations: Commentary on John 20:19-23<\/a>; What is the correct interpretation of John 20:23?<\/a>; Bible Hub<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>[6]<\/sup> The verb is singular; \u1f00\u03c6\u1fc6\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd is the plural form according to the Koine Greek Lexicon<\/a>.\u00a0 Both the Stephanus Textus Receptus<\/a> and the Byzantine Majority Text<\/a> have \u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd here.\u00a0 It is plural but in the present tense rather than aorist<\/a> as \u1f00\u03c6\u1f75\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd and \u1f00\u03c6\u1fc6\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd are.\u00a0 And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors<\/em> (Matthew 6:12 KJV).<\/p>\n

<\/a>[7]<\/sup> Matthew 6:12 (NET) Table<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>[8]<\/sup> The Stephanus Textus Receptus<\/a> and the Byzantine Majority Text<\/a> include the words \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd here: But if ye forgive not men their trespasses<\/strong>, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses<\/em> (Matthew 6:15 KJV).<\/p>\n

<\/a>[9]<\/sup> Matthew 6:14, 15 (NET) Table<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>[10]<\/sup> The Stephanus Textus Receptus<\/a> and the Byzantine Majority Text<\/a> include the word \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c9<\/a> here: And his lord was wroth, and delivered him to the tormentors, till he should pay all that was due unto him<\/strong><\/em> (Matthew 18:34 KJV).<\/p>\n

<\/a>[11]<\/sup> Where the NET<\/a> parallel Greek has \u03bf\u1f50\u03c1\u1f71\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2<\/a> the Stephanus Textus Receptus<\/a> and the Byzantine Majority Text<\/a> have \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2<\/a>.<\/p>\n

<\/a>[12]<\/sup> Matthew 18:34, 35 (NET) The Stephanus Textus Receptus<\/a> and the Byzantine Majority Text<\/a> include the words \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd here: So likewise shall my heavenly Father do also unto you, if ye from your hearts forgive not every one his brother their trespasses<\/strong><\/em> (Matthew 18:35 KJV). Table<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>[13]<\/sup> Galatians 5:22, 23 (NET)<\/p>\n

<\/a>[14]<\/sup> John 4:14b (NET)<\/p>\n

<\/a>[15]<\/sup> The Byzantine Majority Text<\/a> includes another \u03b5\u03b3\u03c9<\/a> here.\u00a0 In the NET<\/a> parallel Greek text and the Stephanus Textus Receptus<\/a> the I <\/em>is understood from the verb \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b8\u03c9<\/a> which is 1st<\/sup> person singular.<\/p>\n

<\/a>[16]<\/sup> The Stephanus Textus Receptus<\/a> and the Byzantine Majority Text<\/a> include the word \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5<\/a> here: Of righteousness, because I go to my <\/strong>Father, and ye see me no more <\/em>(John 16:10 KJV).<\/p>\n

<\/a>[17]<\/sup> John 12:32 (NET)<\/p>\n

<\/a>[18]<\/sup> From a C.H. Spurgeon quote included in the NET definition of \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c2<\/a> [select \u201cGrk\/Heb<\/strong>\u201d at the top of the right column, then highlight and click all people<\/em> in verse 32 in the left column and scroll down to \u201cDefinition:<\/strong>\u201d].<\/p>\n

<\/a>[19]<\/sup> Colossians 1:19, 20 (NET)<\/p>\n

<\/a>[20]<\/sup> The Stephanus Textus Receptus<\/a> and the Byzantine Majority Text<\/a> include the words \u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 here: Wherefore I say unto you, All manner of sin and blasphemy shall be forgiven unto men: but the blasphemy against the Holy Ghost shall not be forgiven unto men<\/strong><\/em> (Matthew 12:31 KJV).<\/p>\n

<\/a>[21]<\/sup> The NET<\/a> parallel Greek Text and the Byzantine Majority Text<\/a> have \u1f10\u1f70\u03bd<\/a> here where the Stephanus Textus Receptus<\/a> has \u03b1\u03bd<\/a>.<\/p>\n

<\/a>[22]<\/sup> The NET<\/a> parallel Greek Text and the Stephanus Textus Receptus<\/a> have \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7b\u03c4\u1ff3<\/a> here where the Byzantine Majority Text<\/a> has \u03bd\u03c5\u03bd<\/a>; literally, \u201cthe now (present) age.\u201d<\/p>\n

<\/a>[23]<\/sup> I use hatred <\/em>specifically here.\u00a0 Jacob\u2019s sexual preference<\/a> for Rachel was described as Leah being \u05e9\u05c1\u05e0\u05d5\u05d0\u05d4<\/a> (\u015b\u00e2n\u00ea\u02bc<\/em>; KJV<\/a>: hated<\/em>; NET<\/a>: unloved<\/em>).\u00a0 That had a profound impact<\/a> on me since I doubt that Jacob consciously intended to hurt Leah.\u00a0 Sleeping with the beautiful Rachel was kind of a no-brainer.<\/p>\n

<\/a>[24]<\/sup> Romans, Part 90<\/a><\/em>; Believers<\/a><\/em>; Cobwebs<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

<\/a>[25]<\/sup> Exodus 28:43 (NET)<\/p>\n

<\/a>[26]<\/sup> Acts 13:38, 39 (NET) Table<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>[27]<\/sup> https:\/\/greekdoc.github.io\/lexicon\/plh.html#plhmmeleia<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>[28]<\/sup> https:\/\/greekdoc.github.io\/lexicon\/plh.html#plhmmelew<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>[29]<\/sup> Jedidiah, Part 5<\/a><\/em>; Romans, Part 9<\/a><\/em>; Romans, Part 12<\/a><\/em>; Fear \u2013 Leviticus<\/a><\/em>; Fear \u2013 Exodus, Part 5<\/a><\/em>; Romans, Part 22<\/a><\/em>; Romans, Part 49<\/a><\/em>; Condemnation or Judgment? Part 7<\/a><\/em>; Romans, Part 70<\/a><\/em>; Romans, Part 82<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

<\/a>[30]<\/sup> Romanas 13:10 (NET)<\/p>\n

<\/a>[31]<\/sup> https:\/\/greekdoc.github.io\/lexicon\/exi.html#exilaskomai<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>[32]<\/sup> kipp\u00fbr<\/em>, \u05db\u05e4\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In another essay I considered occurrences of s\u00e2lach (\u05d5\u05e0\u05e1\u05dc\u05d7) in Leviticus, translated will be forgiven.\u00a0 The rabbis\u2019 translation\u00a0\u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 (a form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9) in the Septuagint (See Table1 below) impressed me and I compared those same passages of Leviticus to occurrences … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2775,12,3833],"tags":[4340,4300,4339,2397,415,4336,2527,54,3321,4338,4341,1047,2131,2203,4342,55,56,4337,4343],"class_list":["post-10031","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-forgiven-or-passed-over","category-forgiveness","category-section-four","tag-acts-1338-39","tag-colossians-119-20","tag-exodus-2843","tag-ezra-107-8","tag-galatians-522-23","tag-jeremiah-3131-32","tag-john-1232","tag-john-2021-23","tag-john-414","tag-leviticus-51-6","tag-leviticus-517-19","tag-matthew-108","tag-matthew-1230-32","tag-matthew-1834-35","tag-matthew-518-19","tag-matthew-612","tag-matthew-614-15","tag-matthew-96","tag-movies-crocodile-dundee-ii"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10031","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10031"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10031\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20958,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10031\/revisions\/20958"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10031"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10031"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10031"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}