{"id":26990,"date":"2025-06-23T14:52:00","date_gmt":"2025-06-23T19:52:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/?p=26990"},"modified":"2026-02-25T11:41:19","modified_gmt":"2026-02-25T17:41:19","slug":"exploration-part-14","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/?p=26990","title":{"rendered":"Exploration, Part 14"},"content":{"rendered":"

I’ll continue hearing with faith<\/i>1<\/sup><\/a> the dramatic contrast of the truth of the Gospel (Ephesians 2:1-10 ESV):<\/span><\/p>\n

And you were dead in the trespasses and sins<\/a> [Table<\/a>]<\/em> in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience\u2014among whom we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the flesh and the mind, and were<\/a> by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind [Table<\/a>]<\/em>. But God, being rich in mercy, because of the great love with which he loved us, even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ\u2014by grace you have been saved\u2014and raised us up with him and seated us with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus, so that in the coming ages he might show the immeasurable riches<\/a> of his grace in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus [Table<\/a>]<\/em>. For by grace you have been saved through faith<\/a>. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God [Table<\/a>]<\/em>, not a result of works, so that no one may boast. For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them.<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/a>The Greek is: \u039a\u03b1\u1f76<\/a> \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2<\/a> \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a> \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2<\/a>, And you<\/i> \u201care\u201d dead<\/i>, \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u1f7d\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76<\/a> \u03c4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2<\/a> \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd<\/a>, in the trespasses and sins<\/i> (or \u201cby means of your trespasses and sins\u201d or \u201cto your trespasses and sins\u201d). There is a lot going on here.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>First, \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a> is a plural participle of the verb \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03af<\/a> in the present tense, active voice and accusative case<\/a>, the latter being a function of nouns rather than verbs. It corresponds to the plural pronoun \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2<\/a> and the plural adjective \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2<\/a>, both in the accusative case as well. \u201cYou were dead\u201d might imply \u1f26\u03c4\u03b5<\/a>, another form of \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03af<\/a> in the imperfect tense<\/a> (1 Corinthians 12:2 ESV). <\/span><\/p>\n

You know that when2<\/sup><\/a><\/em> you were (\u1f26\u03c4\u03b5<\/a>, another form of \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03af<\/a>)<\/em> pagans you were led astray to mute idols, however you were led.<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Be that as it may, of the eleven occurrences<\/a> of \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a> in the New Testament (see Table<\/a> below), five others are translated were<\/i> in the ESV. Three of those were clearly a nod to the convention of writing narrative prose<\/a> in English in the past tense. Two of them follow (Acts 16:3; 22:5 ESV):<\/span><\/p>\n

Paul wanted Timothy to accompany him, and he took him and circumcised him because of the Jews who were (\u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a>, a form of \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03af<\/a>)<\/em> in those places, for they all knew that his father<\/a> was a Greek [Table<\/a>]<\/em>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

…as the high priest and the whole council of elders can bear me witness. From them I received letters to the brothers, and I journeyed toward Damascus to take those also who were (\u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a>, a form of \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03af<\/a>)<\/em> there and bring them in bonds to Jerusalem to be punished.<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Paul circumcised Timothy for the sake of Jews who are<\/i> there presently rather than Jews who had lived there at some time in his past. And he went to Damascus to arrest those who are<\/i> there presently rather than those who had been there at some time in his past. I’ll address the third example (Ephesians 2:5) as I come to it. A fourth example is pivotal and may have been used as justification for the past tense in Ephesians 2:1 (Colossians 1:21-23 ESV): <\/span><\/p>\n

And you, who once were (\u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a>, a form of \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03af<\/a>)<\/em> alienated and hostile in mind, doing evil deeds, he has now reconciled in his body of flesh by his death, in order to present you holy and blameless and above reproach before him, if indeed<\/a> you continue in the faith, stable and steadfast, not shifting from the hope of the gospel that you heard, which has been proclaimed in all creation3<\/sup><\/a><\/em> under heaven, and of which I, Paul, became a minister [Table<\/a>]<\/em>.<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The Greek is: \u039a\u03b1\u1f76<\/a> \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2<\/a> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5<\/a> \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a>, And you once were<\/i>, \u1f00\u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76<\/a> \u1f10\u03c7\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2<\/a> \u03c4\u1fc7<\/a> \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u1f77\u1fb3<\/a>, alienated and hostile in mind <\/i>(or \u201can outsider and hostile by means of your understanding\u201d), \u1f10\u03bd<\/a> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> \u1f14\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2<\/a> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> \u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a>, doing evil deeds<\/i> (or \u201cby means of evil deeds\u201d), \u03bd\u03c5\u03bd\u1f76<\/a> \u03b4\u1f72<\/a>, now<\/i> (or \u201cbut now\u201d), \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f75\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03be\u03b5\u03bd<\/a>, he has reconciled<\/i>, \u1f10\u03bd<\/a> \u03c4\u1ff7<\/a> \u03c3\u1f7d\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9<\/a> \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2<\/a> \u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u1f78\u03c2<\/a> \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6<\/a> \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70<\/a> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6<\/a> \u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u1f71\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5<\/a>, in his body of flesh by his death<\/i> (or \u201cby means of the body of his flesh by his death\u201d), \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c3\u03b1\u03b9<\/a> \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2<\/a>, to present you<\/i>, \u1f01\u03b3\u1f77\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76<\/a> \u1f00\u03bc\u1f7d\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76<\/a> \u1f00\u03bd\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bb\u1f75\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u1f7d\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/a> \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6<\/a>, holy and blameless and above reproach before him<\/i>. <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>It’s not too difficult to see why one might prefer to understand this as a contrast between one’s past and present, but \u03bd\u03c5\u03bd\u1f76<\/a> and \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a> both represent the present tense. And \u1f00\u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/a> (ESV: alienated<\/i>) is a middle\/passive participle of \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c9<\/a> in the perfect tense. <\/span><\/p>\n

The basic thought of the perfect tense is that the progress of an action has been completed and the results of the action are continuing on, in full effect. In other words, the progress of the action has reached its culmination and the finished results are now in existence.4<\/sup><\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/a>Though once<\/i> is a possible translation of \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5<\/a>, it is probably more obfuscating than illuminating here: And you <\/i>at any time are an outsider and hostile by means of your understanding by means of evil deeds, but now he has reconciled<\/i> by means of the body of his flesh by his death to present you holy and blameless and above reproach before him<\/i>, <\/i>\u03b5\u1f34 \u03b3\u03b5<\/a>, if indeed<\/i>, \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5<\/a> \u03c4\u1fc7<\/a> \u03c0\u1f77\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9<\/a>, you continue in the faith<\/i> (or \u201cyou stay by means of faith\u201d), \u03c4\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76<\/a> \u1f11\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u1fd6\u03bf\u03b9<\/a>, stable and steadfast<\/i>, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76<\/a> \u03bc\u1f74<\/a> \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u1f7b\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9<\/a> \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78<\/a> \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2<\/a> \u1f10\u03bb\u03c0\u1f77\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2<\/a> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6<\/a> \u03b5\u1f50\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u1f77\u03bf\u03c5<\/a> \u03bf\u1f57<\/a> \u1f20\u03ba\u03bf\u1f7b\u03c3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5<\/a>, \u201cand\u201d not shifting from the hope of the gospel that you heard<\/i>, \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6<\/a> \u03ba\u03b7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u1f73\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/a> \u1f10\u03bd<\/a> \u03c0\u1f71\u03c3\u1fc3<\/a> \u03ba\u03c4\u1f77\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9<\/a> \u03c4\u1fc7<\/a> \u1f51\u03c0\u1f78<\/a> \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd<\/a> \u03bf\u1f50\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u1f79\u03bd<\/a>, which has been proclaimed in all creation under heaven<\/em> (or \u201cwhich is being proclaimed to all creation, to the one under the authority of heaven\u201d), \u03bf\u1f57<\/a> \u1f10\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u1f79\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd<\/a> \u1f10\u03b3\u1f7c<\/a> \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2<\/a> \u03b4\u03b9\u1f71\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2<\/a>, of which I, Paul, became a minister<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

David wrote of the Lord’s mercy:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Masoretic Text<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Septuagint<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Psalm 103:11, 12 (Tanakh\/KJV)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Psalm 103:11, 12 (NET)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Psalm 102:11, 12 (NETS)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Psalm 102:11, 12 (English Elpenor)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

For as the heaven is high above the earth, so great is his mercy toward them that fear him.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nFor as the skies are high above the earth, so his loyal love towers over his faithful followers.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nbecause, as the sky is high above the earth, he strengthened his mercy toward those who fear him;<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nFor as the heaven is high above the earth, the Lord has [so] increased his mercy toward them that fear him.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
As far as the east (\u05de\u0596\u05b4\u05d6\u05b0\u05e8\u05b8\u05d7<\/a>) is from the west, so far hath he removed our transgressions from us.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nAs far as the eastern horizon (mizr\u0101\u1e25<\/i>, \u05de\u05d6\u05e8\u05d7<\/a>) is from the west, so he removes the guilt of our rebellious actions from us.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nas far as east (\u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u1f76<\/a>) is from west, he has removed from us our acts of lawlessness.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nAs far as the east (\u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u1f76<\/a>) is from the west, [so far] has he removed our transgressions from us.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Translating \u05de\u0596\u05b4\u05d6\u05b0\u05e8\u05b8\u05d7<\/a> (mizr\u0101\u1e25<\/i>) the eastern horizon<\/i> prompts a question: Has the Lord removed our transgressions<\/i> (\u1f00\u03c6\u1fbd<\/a> \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2<\/a> \u1f00\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2<\/a> \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd<\/a>) the finite distance of a conceptual flat earth or the infinite distance of the cardinal direction conventions of this planet? By convention I can only travel north so far before I travel south, but I can travel east infinitely. Paul favored an infinite distance: Now if I do what I do not want, it is no longer I who do it, but<\/a> sin that dwells within me<\/i>.5<\/sup><\/a> If I turn around, however, and travel west I am as alienated and hostile in mind<\/i> from the east as I if I had never traveled east (Ezekiel 18<\/a>). Paul recognized his proximity to evil deeds<\/i> as well (Romans 7:21-24 ESV): <\/span><\/p>\n

So I find it to be a law that when I want to do right<\/a> (\u03c4\u1f78<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1f79\u03bd<\/a>)<\/em>, evil lies close at hand. For I delight in the law of God, in my inner being, but I see in my members another law waging war against the law of my mind and making me captive to<\/a> the law of sin that dwells in my members [Table<\/a>]<\/em>. Wretched man that I am! Who will deliver me from this body of death?<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

This validation of believers’ experience (not vindication<\/i> of evil deeds<\/i>) seems more likely an understanding of Colossians 1:21-23 than a temporal separation that is actually denied by \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a> in the present tense. Paul alluded here to believers’ dwelling in earthly bodies (1 Corinthians 15:50-58<\/a>), which host both an old self, which belongs to your former manner of life and is corrupt through deceitful desires<\/i>,6<\/sup><\/a> and a new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness<\/i>.7<\/sup><\/a> That which is born of the flesh is flesh<\/i>, Jesus said, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit<\/i>.8<\/sup><\/a> <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>In a similar way, \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a> indicates the present tense in And you<\/i> are dead<\/i>.9<\/sup><\/a> But how should the dative case be handled here: in the trespasses and sins<\/i> or \u201cby means of your trespasses and sins\u201d or \u201cto your trespasses and sins\u201d?<\/span><\/p>\n

The Greek continued: \u1f10\u03bd<\/a> \u03b1\u1f37\u03c2<\/a> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5<\/a> \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u1f75\u03c3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5<\/a>, in which once<\/i>10<\/sup><\/a> you walked<\/i> (or \u201cby means of which once you walked\u201d), \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70<\/a> \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd<\/a> \u03b1\u1f30\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b1<\/a> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6<\/a> \u03ba\u1f79\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5<\/a> \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7b\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5<\/a>, following the course of this world<\/i> (literally, \u201caccording to the course of this world\u201d), \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70<\/a> \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd<\/a> \u1f04\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1<\/a> \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2<\/a> \u1f10\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2<\/a> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6<\/a> \u1f00\u1f73\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<\/a>, following the prince of the power of the air<\/i> (literally, \u201caccording to the prince of the power of the air\u201d), \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6<\/a> \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u1f7b\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/a> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6<\/a> \u03bd\u1fe6\u03bd<\/a> \u1f10\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/a> \u1f10\u03bd<\/a> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> \u03c5\u1f31\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2<\/a> \u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b8\u03b5\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2<\/a>, the spirit now at work in the sons of disobedience<\/i> (or, \u201cthe spirit now at work by means of the sons of disobedience\u201d or \u201cthe spirit now at work by means of the sons of unbelief\u201d or \u201cthe spirit now at work by means of the sons of disbelief\u201d). <\/span><\/p>\n

Though Paul continued to address the saints who are in Ephesus<\/i>, the grammar at the beginning of the second chapter indicates that he wrote about them rather than about their activity regarding them as the subject of any particular verb: \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2<\/a> \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a> \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2<\/a>, \u201cyou are dead,\u201d is in the accusative case rather than the nominative:<\/span><\/p>\n

The accusative case is the case of the direct object, receiving the action of the verb.11<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/em>
\nA noun or pronoun that is the subject of the sentence is always in the nominative case.12<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The Greek construction indicates that this section is Paul’s description of the saints as the object of God’s activity. And I can’t imagine a better way of expressing this in English apart from knowing that this is the accusative case in Greek. It is possible, however, to clarify some whether \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u1f7d\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76<\/a> \u03c4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2<\/a> \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd<\/a> should be understood as in the trespasses and sins<\/i> or \u201cby means of your trespasses and sins\u201d or \u201cto your trespasses and sins.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>I noticed that both \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> in verse 1 and \u1f10\u03bd<\/a> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> in verse 2 were translated in the<\/i>. This may be ESV code<\/a> for \u201cby means of.\u201d I had understood in the<\/i> as something more like club membership, which requires behavior change but\u2014aside from its rules, punishments (up to and including expulsion), rewards, praise and peer pressure\u2014is powerless to produce that change in any individual member (e.g.<\/i>, each individual club member being perfected by the flesh<\/i><\/a> if at all). So, the three options may be reduced to two: \u201cby means of (in<\/i>) your trespasses and sins\u201d and \u201cto your trespasses and sins.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
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By means of (in)…<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

To…<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

And you<\/i> (as bodies hosting both an old self, which belongs to your former manner of life and is corrupt through deceitful desires<\/i>,13<\/sup><\/a> and a new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness<\/i>14<\/sup><\/a>) are dead<\/i> by means of your trespasses and sins<\/i> by means of which once you walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit now at work<\/i> by means of the sons of<\/i> disbelief.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nAnd you<\/i> (a new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness<\/i>15<\/sup><\/a>) are dead<\/i> to your trespasses and sins<\/i> by means of which once you walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit now at work<\/i> by means of the sons of<\/i> disbelief.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/a>Though \u201caccording to\u201d is a more literal translation of \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70<\/a> followed by \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd<\/a> \u03b1\u1f30\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b1<\/a> or \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd<\/a> \u1f04\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1<\/a> in the accusative case, following<\/i> is not wrong and offers a strong contrast to following the Lord Jesus. And \u201cby means of the sons of<\/i> disbelief\u201d highlights the very real possibility that this is an unholy spirit’s only mode of operation in a world where Christ has come; Christ has died; Christ is risen… <\/span><\/p>\n

The understanding on the left side of the table above corresponds to (Romans 8:10, 11 ESV): <\/span><\/p>\n

But if Christ is in you, although the body is dead because of<\/a> sin, the Spirit is life because of righteousness. If the Spirit of him who raised Jesus<\/a> from the dead dwells in you, he who raised Christ<\/a> Jesus from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through his Spirit<\/a> who dwells<\/a> in you [Table<\/a>]<\/em>. <\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

The right side of the table corresponds to (Romans 6:1-4 ESV): <\/span><\/p>\n

What shall we say then? Are we to continue<\/a> in sin that grace may abound? [Table<\/a>]<\/em> By no means! How can we who died (\u1f00\u03c0\u03b5\u03b8\u1f71\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd<\/a>, a form of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03ba\u03c9<\/a>)<\/em> to sin still live in it? Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Paul continued: \u1f10\u03bd<\/a> \u03bf\u1f37\u03c2<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76<\/a>, among whom<\/i> \u201calso,\u201d \u1f21\u03bc\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> \u03c0\u1f71\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2<\/a> \u1f00\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u1f71\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd<\/a> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5<\/a>, we all lived once<\/i>, \u1f10\u03bd<\/a> \u03c4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u1f77\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2<\/a> \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2<\/a> \u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u1f78\u03c2<\/a> \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd<\/a>, in the passions of our flesh<\/i> (or \u201cby means of the passions of our flesh\u201d), \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2<\/a> \u03c4\u1f70<\/a> \u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u1f75\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/a> \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2<\/a> \u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u1f78\u03c2<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76<\/a> \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd<\/a> \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u1ff6\u03bd<\/a>, carrying out the desires of the flesh and the mind<\/i> (or \u201cdoing the desires of the flesh and the understanding\u201d), \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76<\/a> \u1f24\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1<\/a> \u03c4\u1f73\u03ba\u03bd\u03b1<\/a> \u03c6\u1f7b\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9<\/a> \u1f40\u03c1\u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2<\/a>, and were children by<\/i> \u201cmeans of\u201d nature of wrath<\/i>, \u1f61\u03c2<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76<\/a> \u03bf\u1f31<\/a> \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03bf\u1f77<\/a>, like<\/i> \u201calso\u201d the rest<\/i>. <\/span><\/p>\n

To live \u201cby means of the passions of our flesh, doing the desires of the flesh and the understanding\u201d seems to me to be what is meant by, and defended as, free will<\/em>, what Jesus called a slave to sin<\/i><\/a>. Does this help to clarify whether Paul meant that the saints’ bodies were dead by means of their trespasses and sins or their new selves were dead to their trespasses and sins?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n

By means of (in)…<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

To…<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

And you<\/i> (as bodies hosting both an old self, which belongs to your former manner of life and is corrupt through deceitful desires<\/i>,16<\/sup><\/a> and a new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness<\/i>17<\/sup><\/a>) are dead<\/i> by means of your trespasses and sins<\/i> by means of which once you walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit now at work<\/i> by means of the sons of<\/i> disbelief\u2014among whom<\/i> also we all lived once<\/i> by means of the passions of our flesh<\/i>, doing the desires of the flesh and the<\/i> understanding, and were children by <\/i>means of nature of wrath like<\/i> also the rest<\/i>.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nAnd you<\/i> (a new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness<\/i>18<\/sup><\/a>) are dead<\/i> to your trespasses and sins<\/i> by means of which once you walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit now at work<\/i> by means of the sons of<\/i> disbelief\u2014among whom<\/i> also we all lived once<\/i> by means of the passions of our flesh<\/i>, doing the desires of the flesh and the<\/i> understanding, and were children by <\/i>means of nature of wrath like<\/i> also the rest<\/i>.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/a>I don’t see anything yet that favors one truth over another. The Greek continued: \u1f41<\/a> \u03b4\u1f72<\/a> \u03b8\u03b5\u1f78\u03c2<\/a>, But God<\/i>, \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u1f7b\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2<\/a> \u1f62\u03bd<\/a> \u1f10\u03bd<\/a> \u1f10\u03bb\u1f73\u03b5\u03b9<\/a>, being rich in mercy<\/i> (or \u201cbeing rich by means of mercy\u201d), \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70<\/a> \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd<\/a> \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u1f74\u03bd<\/a> \u1f00\u03b3\u1f71\u03c0\u03b7\u03bd<\/a> \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6<\/a>, because of<\/i> \u201chis\u201d great love<\/i>, \u1f23\u03bd<\/a> \u1f20\u03b3\u1f71\u03c0\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd<\/a> \u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2<\/a>, \u201cwho\u201d loved us<\/i> (e.g.<\/i>, a reference to Christ, the Father’s \u201cgreat love\u201d; Matthew 3:17<\/a>; Luke 9:35<\/a>; John 10:17, 18<\/a>), \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76<\/a> \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a> \u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2<\/a>, \u201cin spite of being us,\u201d \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2<\/a> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u1f7d\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd<\/a>, dead in our trespasses<\/i> (or \u201cdead by means of trespasses\u201d), \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03c9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u1f77\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd<\/a> \u03c4\u1ff7<\/a> \u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff7<\/a>, made us alive together with Christ<\/i> (or \u201cmade alive by means of Christ\u201d), \u03c7\u1f71\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9<\/a> \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5<\/a> \u03c3\u03b5\u03c3\u1ff3\u03c3\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9<\/a>, by grace you were saved<\/i> (or, \u201cby means of grace you are, were and continue to be19<\/sup><\/a> saved\u201d), \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76<\/a> \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u1f75\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76<\/a> \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u1f71\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd<\/a> \u1f10\u03bd<\/a> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> \u1f10\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u1f77\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2<\/a> \u1f10\u03bd<\/a> \u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff7<\/a> \u1f38\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6<\/a>, and raised us up with him and seated us with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus<\/i> (or \u201cand raised up and seated by means of the heavenly by means of Christ Jesus\u201d), \u1f35\u03bd\u03b1<\/a>, so that<\/i>, \u1f10\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u1f77\u03be\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<\/a>, he might show<\/i>,20<\/sup><\/a> \u1f10\u03bd<\/a> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> \u03b1\u1f30\u1ff6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd<\/a> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> \u1f10\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2<\/a>, in the coming ages<\/i> (or \u201cby means of the ages to come\u201d), \u03c4\u1f78<\/a> \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u1f71\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd<\/a> \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/a> \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2<\/a> \u03c7\u1f71\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/a> \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6<\/a>, the immeasurable riches of his grace<\/i>, \u1f10\u03bd<\/a> \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u1f79\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9<\/a> \u1f10\u03c6\u1fbf<\/a> \u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2<\/a> \u1f10\u03bd<\/a> \u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff7<\/a> \u1f38\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6<\/a>, in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus<\/i> (or \u201cby means of kindness toward us by means of Christ Jesus\u201d).<\/span><\/p>\n

Here Paul’s meaning becomes clearer as a description of the saints’ bodies that were dead by means of<\/i> their trespasses and sins, without negating the truth that their new selves were dead to<\/i> their trespasses and sins.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n

By means of (in)…<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

To…<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

And you<\/i> (as bodies hosting both an old self, which belongs to your former manner of life and is corrupt through deceitful desires<\/i>,21<\/sup><\/a> and a new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness<\/i>22<\/sup><\/a>) are dead<\/i> by means of your trespasses and sins<\/i> by means of which once you walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit now at work<\/i> by means of the sons of<\/i> disbelief\u2014among whom<\/i> also we all lived once<\/i> by means of the passions of our flesh<\/i>, doing the desires of the flesh and the<\/i> understanding, and were children by <\/i>means of nature of wrath like<\/i> also the rest<\/i>. But God being rich<\/i> by means of mercy because of<\/i> his great love<\/i> who loved us<\/i> in spite of being us, dead in our trespasses<\/i> (by<\/i> means of grace you<\/i> are, were<\/i> and continue to be saved and raised up and seated<\/i> by means of the heavenly<\/i> by means of Christ Jesus<\/i>), so that he might show<\/i> by means of the ages<\/i> to come the immeasurable riches of his grace<\/i> by means of kindness toward us<\/i> by means of Christ Jesus<\/i>.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nAnd you<\/i> (a new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness<\/i>23<\/sup><\/a>) are dead<\/i> to your trespasses and sins<\/i> by means of which once you walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit now at work<\/i> by means of the sons of<\/i> disbelief\u2014among whom<\/i> also we all lived once<\/i> by means of the passions of our flesh<\/i>, doing the desires of the flesh and the<\/i> understanding, and were children by <\/i>means of nature of wrath like<\/i> also the rest<\/i>. But God being rich<\/i> by means of mercy because of<\/i> his great love<\/i> who loved us<\/i> in spite of being us, dead in our trespasses<\/i> (by<\/i> means of grace you<\/i> are, were<\/i> and continue to be saved and raised up and seated<\/i> by means of the heavenly<\/i> by means of Christ Jesus<\/i>), so that he might show<\/i> by means of the ages<\/i> to come the immeasurable riches of his grace<\/i> by means of kindness toward us<\/i> by means of Christ Jesus<\/i>.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/a>This multiplexing<\/a> of truth is interesting. I won’t do much more than comment on it here. The demultiplexing of telephone communications, for instance, occurs at the receiving end. Paul wrote to Timothy (1 Timothy 1:8-11 ESV):<\/span><\/p>\n

Now we know that the law is good, if one uses it lawfully, understanding this, that the law is not laid down for the just but for the lawless and disobedient, for the ungodly<\/a> and sinners, for the unholy and profane, for those who strike their fathers<\/a> and mothers<\/a>, for murderers [Table<\/a>]<\/em>, the sexually immoral, men who practice homosexuality, enslavers, liars, perjurers, and whatever else is contrary to sound doctrine, in accordance with the gospel of the glory of the blessed God with which I have been entrusted.<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/a>Recalling the Greek verbs in Galatians 5 (\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5<\/a>,24<\/sup><\/a> \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5<\/a>,25<\/sup><\/a> \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5<\/a>,26<\/sup><\/a> \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c4\u03b5<\/a>27<\/sup><\/a>) which could be understood in either the indicative or imperative moods, I wonder if the lawless<\/i> would have demultiplexed the truth as laws in the imperative mood<\/a> even as the just<\/i> (by means of grace through faith in Jesus Christ) heard promises to receive in the indicative mood<\/a>. The opportunity for such demultiplexing is utterly lost in English translation, since translators choose<\/a> for the reader.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>Paul continued: \u03a4\u1fc7<\/a> \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1<\/a> \u03c7\u1f71\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9<\/a>, For by grace<\/i> (or \u201cFor by means of grace\u201d), \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5<\/a> \u03c3\u03b5\u03c3\u1ff3\u03c3\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9<\/a> \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70<\/a> \u03c0\u1f77\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2<\/a>, you <\/i>\u201care, were and continue to be\u201d saved<\/i> through faith<\/i>, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76<\/a> \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf<\/a> \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba<\/a> \u1f10\u03be<\/a> \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd<\/a>, And this is not your own doing<\/i> (literally, \u201cand this not from within you\u201d), \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u1fe6<\/a> \u03c4\u1f78<\/a> \u03b4\u1ff6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd<\/a>, it is the gift of God<\/i> (literally, \u201cGod’s gift\u201d), \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba<\/a> \u1f10\u03be<\/a> \u1f14\u03c1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd<\/a>, not a result of works<\/i> (literally, \u201cnot out from works\u201d), \u1f35\u03bd\u03b1<\/a> \u03bc\u1f75<\/a> \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u03c5\u03c7\u1f75\u03c3\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<\/a>, so that no one may boast<\/i> \u201cabout oneself,\u201d \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6<\/a> \u03b3\u1f71\u03c1<\/a> \u1f10\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd<\/a> \u03c0\u03bf\u1f77\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1<\/a>, For we are his workmanship<\/i>, \u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u1f73\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2<\/a> \u1f10\u03bd<\/a> \u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff7<\/a> \u1f38\u03b7\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6<\/a> \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76<\/a> \u1f14\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2<\/a> \u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a>, created in Christ Jesus for good works<\/i> (or \u201ccreated by means of Christ Jesus to good works\u201d), \u03bf\u1f37\u03c2<\/a> \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u1f77\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd<\/a> \u1f41<\/a> \u03b8\u03b5\u1f78\u03c2<\/a>, which God prepared beforehand<\/i>, \u1f35\u03bd\u03b1<\/a> \u1f10\u03bd<\/a> \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2<\/a> \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u1f75\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd<\/a>, that we should walk in them<\/i> (or \u201cso that by means of them we may walk\u201d). <\/span><\/p>\n

I added \u201cabout oneself\u201d to \u03ba\u03b1\u03c5\u03c7\u1f75\u03c3\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<\/a> (ESV: may boast<\/i>) to highlight the middle voice<\/a>. <\/a>The conjunction \u1f35\u03bd\u03b1<\/a> indicates that \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u1f75\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd<\/a>, a form of \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c9<\/a> in the subjunctive mood<\/a> is in a purpose or result clause and \u201cshould be viewed as a definite outcome that will happen as a result of another stated action\u201d; namely, For we are his workmanship<\/i>, \u201ccreated by means of Christ Jesus to good works\u201d which God prepared beforehand<\/i>. <\/span><\/p>\n

The multiplexed truths to be hearing with faith are:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
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<\/a>By means of (in)…<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

To…<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

And you<\/i> (as bodies hosting both an old self, which belongs to your former manner of life and is corrupt through deceitful desires<\/i>,28<\/sup><\/a> and a new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness<\/i>29<\/sup><\/a>) are dead<\/i> by means of your trespasses and sins<\/i> by means of which once you walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit now at work<\/i> by means of the sons of<\/i> disbelief\u2014among whom<\/i> also we all lived once<\/i> by means of the passions of our flesh<\/i>, doing the desires of the flesh and the<\/i> understanding, and were children by <\/i>means of nature of wrath like<\/i> also the rest<\/i>. But God being rich<\/i> by means of mercy because of<\/i> his great love<\/i> who loved us<\/i> in spite of being us, dead in our trespasses<\/i> (by<\/i> means of grace you<\/i> are, were<\/i> and continue to be saved and raised up and seated<\/i> by means of the heavenly<\/i> by means of Christ Jesus<\/i>), so that he might show<\/i> by means of the ages<\/i> to come the immeasurable riches of his grace<\/i> by means of kindness toward us<\/a><\/i> by means of Christ Jesus<\/i>. For by<\/i> means of grace<\/i>\u00a0you<\/i> are, were and continue to be saved<\/i> through faith, and this not<\/i> from within you, God’s gift, not<\/i> out from works, so that no one may boast<\/i> [about oneself]. For we are his workmanship, created<\/i> by means of Christ Jesus<\/i> to good works which God prepared beforehand, so<\/i> that by means of them we<\/i> may walk<\/i>.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nAnd you<\/i> (a new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness<\/i>30<\/sup><\/a>) are dead<\/i> to your trespasses and sins<\/i> by means of which once you walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit now at work<\/i> by means of the sons of<\/i> disbelief\u2014among whom<\/i> also we all lived once<\/i> by means of the passions of our flesh<\/i>, doing the desires of the flesh and the<\/i> understanding, and were children by <\/i>means of nature of wrath like<\/i> also the rest<\/i>. But God being rich<\/i> by means of mercy because of<\/i> his great love<\/i> who loved us<\/i> in spite of being us, dead in our trespasses<\/i> (by<\/i> means of grace you<\/i> are, were<\/i> and continue to be saved and raised up and seated<\/i> by means of the heavenly<\/i> by means of Christ Jesus<\/i>), so that he might show<\/i> by means of the ages<\/i> to come the immeasurable riches of his grace<\/i> by means of kindness toward us<\/i> by means of Christ Jesus<\/i>. For by<\/i> means of grace<\/i> you<\/i> are, were and continue to be saved<\/i> through faith, and this not<\/i> from within you, God’s gift, not<\/i> out from works, so that no one may boast<\/i> [about oneself]. For we are his workmanship, created<\/i> by means of Christ Jesus<\/i> to good works which God prepared beforehand, so<\/i> that by means of them we<\/i> may walk<\/i>.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

I’ll pick this up in another essay.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

<\/a>Examples<\/a> of \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a> in the New Testament<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Reference<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

ESV<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

NA28<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Acts 9:2<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

and asked him for letters to the synagogues at Damascus, so that if he found any belonging<\/b> to the Way, men or women, he might bring them bound to Jerusalem.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u1f90\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u2019 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u0394\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ac\u03c2, \u1f45\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f55\u03c1\u1fc3 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f41\u03b4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/b>, \u1f04\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u1fd6\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b3\u03ac\u03b3\u1fc3 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f38\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Acts 16:3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Paul wanted Timothy to accompany him, and he took him and circumcised him because of the Jews who were<\/b> in those places, for they all knew that his father was a Greek.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u1f20\u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u1f41 \u03a0\u03b1\u1fe6\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f10\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b8\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u1f7c\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f38\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/b> \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2\u00b7 \u1f94\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f05\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f1d\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd \u1f41 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u1f74\u03c1 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f51\u03c0\u1fc6\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03bd<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Acts 22:5<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

as the high priest and the whole council of elders can bear me witness. From them I received letters to the brothers, and I journeyed toward Damascus to take those also who were<\/b> there and bring them in bonds to Jerusalem to be punished.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u1f61\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f41 \u1f00\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u1fb6\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b2\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u2019 \u1f67\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u1f70\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u0394\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u1f78\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd, \u1f04\u03be\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c3\u03b5 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/b> \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u1f38\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u1f74\u03bc \u1f35\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u1ff6\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Acts 28:17<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

After three days he called together the local leaders of the Jews, and when they had gathered, he said to them, \u201cBrothers, though I had done nothing against our people or the customs of our fathers, yet I was delivered as a prisoner from Jerusalem into the hands of the Romans.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u1f18\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u1f21\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/b> \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f38\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2\u00b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u1f72 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f14\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2\u00b7 \u1f10\u03b3\u03ce, \u1f04\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03bf\u03af, \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03bb\u03b1\u1ff7 \u1f22 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f14\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u1ff4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03be \u1f39\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1fec\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Romans 16:11<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Greet my kinsman Herodion. Greet those in the Lord who belong<\/b> to the family of Narcissus<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u1f00\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5 \u1f29\u03c1\u1ff3\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u1fc6 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5. \u1f00\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u039d\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/b> \u1f10\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u1ff3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Ephesians 2:1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

And you were<\/b> dead in the trespasses and sins<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u039a\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/b> \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03b1\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Ephesians 2:5<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

even when<\/b> we were<\/b> dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ\u2014by grace you have been saved\u2014<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/b> \u1f21\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03c9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u1ff7, \u2013 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5\u03c3\u1ff3\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Philippians 1:7<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

It is right for me to feel this way about you all, because I hold you in my heart, for you are<\/b> all partakers with me of grace, both in my imprisonment and in the defense and confirmation of the gospel.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u1f72\u03c1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f14\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u1fb3 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2, \u1f14\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u1fb3 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b5\u1f50\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Colossians 1:21<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

And you, who once were<\/b> alienated and hostile in mind, doing evil deeds,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u039a\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/b> \u1f00\u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c7\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u1fb3 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Colossians 2:13<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

And you, who were<\/b> dead in your trespasses and the uncircumcision of your flesh, God made alive together with him, having forgiven us all our trespasses,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/b> [\u1f10\u03bd] \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc7 \u1f00\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u1fb3 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f51\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03c9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u1f51\u03bc\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c3\u1f7a\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7, \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f21\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2 Timothy 2:19<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

But God\u2019s firm foundation stands, bearing this seal: \u201cThe Lord knows those who are<\/b> his,\u201d and, \u201cLet everyone who names the name of the Lord depart from iniquity.\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u1f41 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f15\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd, \u1f14\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u1fd6\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd\u00b7 \u1f14\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f44\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/b> \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6, \u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u00b7 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u1f00\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u1fb6\u03c2 \u1f41 \u1f40\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f44\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Tables comparing Psalm 103:11<\/a> and 103:12<\/a> in the Tanakh, KJV and NET, and comparing the Greek of Psalm 103:11 (102:11)<\/a> and 103:12 (102:12)<\/a> in the Septuagint (BLB and Elpenor), and a table comparing 1 Corinthians 12:2<\/a> in the KJV and NET follow.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n

<\/a>Psalm 103:11 (Tanakh)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Psalm 103:11 (KJV)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Psalm 103:11 (NET)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

For as the heaven is high above the earth, so great is his mercy toward them that fear him.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nFor as the heaven is high above the earth, so great is his mercy toward them that fear him.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nFor as the skies are high above the earth, so his loyal love towers over his faithful followers.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

<\/a>Psalm 103:11 (Septuagint BLB)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Psalm 102:11 (Septuagint Elpenor)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f55\u03c8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bf\u1f50\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u1f77\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd<\/a><\/b> \u03ba\u1f7b\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f14\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f79\u03bd<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n\u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f55\u03c8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bf\u1f50\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u1f77\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5<\/a><\/b> \u039a\u1f7b\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u1f14\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f79\u03bd<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Psalm 102:11 (NETS)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Psalm 102:11 (English Elpenor)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

because, as the sky is high above the earth, he strengthened his mercy toward those who fear him;<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nFor as the heaven is high above the earth, the Lord has [so] increased his mercy toward them that fear him.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
\n

<\/a>Psalm 103:12 (Tanakh)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Psalm 103:12 (KJV)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Psalm 103:12 (NET)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

As far as the east is from the west, so far hath he removed our transgressions from us.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nAs far as the east is from the west, so far hath he removed our transgressions from us.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nAs far as the eastern horizon is from the west, so he removes the guilt of our rebellious actions from us.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

<\/a>Psalm 103:12 (Septuagint BLB)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Psalm 102:12 (Septuagint Elpenor)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1fbd<\/a> \u1f45\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd<\/a><\/b> \u1f00\u03c0\u1f73\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f10\u03bc\u1f71\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c6\u1fbd \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u1f79\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd<\/a><\/b> \u1f00\u03c0\u1f73\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd, \u1f10\u03bc\u1f71\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03bd \u1f00\u03c6\u1fbf \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Psalm 102:12 (NETS)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Psalm 102:12 (English Elpenor)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

as far as east is from west, he has removed from us our acts of lawlessness.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nAs far as the east is from the west, [so far] has he removed our transgressions from us.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
\n

<\/a>1 Corinthians 12:2 (NET)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1 Corinthians 12:2 (KJV)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

You know that when<\/b> you were pagans you were often led astray by speechless idols, however you were led.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nYe know that ye were Gentiles, carried away unto these dumb idols, even as ye were led.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n
\n

1 Corinthians 12:2 (NET Parallel Greek)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1 Corinthians 12:2 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1 Corinthians 12:2 (Byzantine Majority Text)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u039f\u1f34\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b5<\/a><\/b> \u1f14\u03b8\u03bd\u03b7 \u1f26\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f70 \u03b5\u1f34\u03b4\u03c9\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f04\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u1f24\u03b3\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5 \u1f00\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u1f79\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n\u03bf\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b7\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03c9\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd \u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n\u03bf\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c4\u03b5<\/b> \u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b7\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03c9\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd \u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n
Exploration, Part 15<\/em><\/a><\/div>\n
Back to 3 John, Part 5<\/em><\/a><\/div>\n
Back to Exploration, Part 16<\/em><\/a><\/div>\n
Back to Exploration, Part 17<\/em><\/a><\/div>\n
Back to Justice and Mercy Revisited, Part 3<\/em><\/a><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\n
\n

1<\/sup><\/a> Galatians 3:2b (ESV)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

2<\/sup><\/a> The NET parallel Greek<\/a> text, NA28<\/sup><\/a> and Byzantine Majority Text<\/a> had \u1f45\u03c4\u03b5<\/a> here. The Stephanus Textus Receptus<\/a> did not.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

3<\/sup><\/a> The Stephanus Textus Receptus<\/a> and Byzantine Majority Text<\/a> had the article \u03c4\u03b7<\/a> preceding creation<\/i>. The NET parallel Greek<\/a> text and NA28<\/sup><\/a> did not.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

4<\/sup><\/a> From Verb Tenses: Perfect Tense<\/a>, Greek Verbs (Shorter Definitions)<\/a> on Resources for Learning New Testament Greek<\/a> online.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

5<\/sup><\/a> Romans 7:20 (ESV) Table<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

6<\/sup><\/a> Ephesians 4:22b (ESV)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

7<\/sup><\/a> Ephesians 4:24b (ESV)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

8<\/sup><\/a> John 3:6 (ESV)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

9<\/sup><\/a> Ephesians 2:1a<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

10<\/sup><\/a> Here, translating \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5<\/a> once<\/i> (understood as \u201cat some unknown point of time\u201d rather than literally \u201cone time\u201d) is completely acceptable. The Greek verb \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u1f75\u03c3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5<\/a>, you walked<\/i>, is in the past tense and translated accordingly. \u201cIn the indicative mood the aorist tense denotes action that occurred in the past time, often translated like the English simple past tense.\u201d From Verb Tenses: Aorist Tense<\/a>, Greek Verbs (Shorter Definitions)<\/a>, on Resources for Learning New Testament Greek<\/a> online.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

11<\/sup><\/a> From Noun Cases: Accusative Case<\/a>, Greek Nouns (Shorter Definitions)<\/a> on Resources for Learning New Testament Greek<\/a> online.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

12<\/sup><\/a> From Noun Cases: Nominative Case<\/a>, Greek Nouns (Shorter Definitions)<\/a> on Resources for Learning New Testament Greek<\/a> online.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

13<\/sup><\/a> Ephesians 4:22b (ESV)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

14<\/sup><\/a> Ephesians 4:24b (ESV)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

15<\/sup><\/a> Ephesians 4:24b (ESV)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

16<\/sup><\/a> Ephesians 4:22b (ESV)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

17<\/sup><\/a> Ephesians 4:24b (ESV)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

18<\/sup><\/a> Ephesians 4:24b (ESV)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

19<\/sup><\/a> The verb\u00a0\u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5<\/a> in the present tense (you are) was followed here by \u03c3\u03b5\u03c3\u1ff3\u03c3\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9<\/a> (were and continue to be saved), a participle of the verb \u03c3\u03ce\u03b6\u03c9<\/a> in the perfect tense: \u201cThe basic thought of the perfect tense is that the progress of an action has been completed and the results of the action are continuing on, in full effect. In other words, the progress of the action has reached its culmination and the finished results are now in existence. Unlike the English perfect, which indicates a completed past action, the Greek perfect tense indicates the continuation and present state of a completed past action.\u201d From Verb Tenses: Perfect Tense<\/a>, Greek Verbs (Shorter Definitions)<\/a> on Resources for Learning New Testament Greek<\/a> online.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

20<\/sup><\/a> The Greek word translated he might show<\/i> was the verb \u1f10\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u1f77\u03be\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<\/a>, a form of \u1f10\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03bd\u03c5\u03bc\u03b9<\/a> in the subjunctive mood<\/a>, and so that<\/i> was \u1f35\u03bd\u03b1<\/a>. This is a purpose or result clause that will happen because God being rich<\/i> by means of mercy because of<\/i> his great love<\/i> who loved us<\/i> in spite of being us, dead in our trespasses<\/i> (by<\/i> means of grace you<\/i> are, were<\/i> and continue to be saved and raised up and seated<\/i> by means of the heavenly<\/i> by means of Christ Jesus<\/i>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

21<\/sup><\/a> Ephesians 4:22b (ESV)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

22<\/sup><\/a> Ephesians 4:24b (ESV)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

23<\/sup><\/a> Ephesians 4:24b (ESV)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

24<\/sup><\/a> Exploration, Part 1<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

25<\/sup><\/a> Exploration, Part 4<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

26<\/sup><\/a> Exploration, Part 4<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

27<\/sup><\/a> Exploration, Part 5<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

28<\/sup><\/a> Ephesians 4:22b (ESV)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

29<\/sup><\/a> Ephesians 4:24b (ESV)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

30<\/sup><\/a> Ephesians 4:24b (ESV)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

I’ll continue hearing with faith1 the dramatic contrast of the truth of the Gospel (Ephesians 2:1-10 ESV): And you were dead in the trespasses and sins [Table] in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6342,6341],"tags":[6511,6390,2330,472,4323,5920,3608,409,293,6512,4213,884,842,4406],"class_list":["post-26990","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-explorations","category-section-seven","tag-1-corinthians-122","tag-1-timothy-18-11","tag-colossians-121-23","tag-ephesians-21","tag-ephesians-21-10","tag-ephesians-422","tag-ephesians-424","tag-galatians-32","tag-john-36","tag-psalm-10311-12","tag-romans-61-4","tag-romans-720","tag-romans-721-24","tag-romans-810-11"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26990","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26990"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26990\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29021,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26990\/revisions\/29021"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26990"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26990"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26990"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}