{"id":4940,"date":"2015-04-08T00:32:18","date_gmt":"2015-04-07T18:32:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/?p=4940"},"modified":"2021-07-04T15:29:57","modified_gmt":"2021-07-04T20:29:57","slug":"forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/?p=4940","title":{"rendered":"Forgiven or Passed Over? Part 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>I studied <em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em> through Genesis.\u00a0 Nothing so far justifies translating it <em>forgiven<\/em> in Nathan\u2019s response to David\u2019s confession\u2014<em>Yes, and the Lord has forgiven<\/em> (<em><a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/hebrew-dictionary\/#_\u02bd\u00e2bar\">\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/a><\/em>, \u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d9\u05e8; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.blueletterbible.org\/Bible.cfm?b=2Sa&amp;c=12&amp;t=LXX#s=t_bibles_279013\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Septuagint<\/a>: <a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/07\/24\/davids-forgiveness-part-1\/#_addendum\">\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03b2\u03af\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd<\/a>) <em>your sin<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 But <em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em> kept some evocative company for anyone studying the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/Judaism\/The_Written_Law.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Torah<\/a> in Hebrew (Genesis 6:5-7, 11-13 NET).<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>But the Lord <em>(<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/hebrew-dictionary\/#_yeh\u00f4v\u00e2h\">y<sup>e<\/sup>h\u00f4v\u00e2h<\/a><em>, \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4)<\/em> saw that the wickedness of humankind had become great on the earth. \u00a0Every inclination of the thoughts of their minds was only evil all the time. \u00a0The Lord <em>(<\/em>y<sup>e<\/sup>h\u00f4v\u00e2h<em>, \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4)<\/em> regretted that he had made humankind on the earth, and he was highly offended. \u00a0So the Lord <em>(<\/em>y<sup>e<\/sup>h\u00f4v\u00e2h<em>, \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4)<\/em> said, \u201cI will wipe humankind, whom I have created, from the face of the earth \u2013 everything from humankind to animals, including creatures that move on the ground and birds of the air, for I regret that I have made them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The earth was ruined in the sight of God <em>(<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/hebrew-dictionary\/#_\u02bc\u0115l\u00f4h\u0131\u0302ym\">\u02bc\u0115l\u00f4h\u0131\u0302ym<\/a><em>, \u05d4\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05dd)<\/em>; the earth was filled with violence. \u00a0God <em>(<\/em>\u02bc\u0115l\u00f4h\u0131\u0302ym<em>, \u05d0\u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05dd)<\/em> saw the earth, and indeed it was ruined, for all living creatures on the earth were sinful. \u00a0So God <em>(<\/em>\u02bc\u0115l\u00f4h\u0131\u0302ym<em>, \u05d0\u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05dd)<\/em> said to Noah, \u201cI have decided that all living creatures must die, for the earth is filled with violence because of them. \u00a0Now I am about to destroy them and the earth.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>His chosen method of destruction was water: <em>I am about to bring floodwaters on the earth to destroy from under the sky all the living creatures that have the breath of life in them. \u00a0Everything that is on the earth will die<\/em>\u2026<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 <em>The waters completely overwhelmed the earth, and the ark floated on the surface of the waters<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 <em>So<\/em> [He] <em>destroyed every living thing that was on the surface of the ground, including people, animals, creatures that creep along the ground, and birds of the sky. \u00a0They were wiped off the earth. \u00a0Only Noah and those who were with him in the ark survived. \u00a0The waters prevailed over the earth for 150 days<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Then <em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em> was the action of the wind that proceeded (if not <em>caused<\/em>) the recession of the waters of this destruction: <em>But God<\/em> (<em>\u02bc\u0115l\u00f4h\u0131\u0302ym<\/em>, \u05d0\u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05dd) <em>remembered Noah and all the wild animals and domestic animals that were with him in the ark.\u00a0 God<\/em> (<em>\u02bc\u0115l\u00f4h\u0131\u0302ym<\/em>, \u05d0\u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05dd) <em>caused a wind to blow<\/em> (<em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em>, \u05d5\u05d9\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.blueletterbible.org\/Bible.cfm?b=Gen&amp;c=8&amp;t=LXX#s=t_bibles_8001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Septuagint<\/a>: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.perseus.tufts.edu\/hopper\/morph?l=e%29ph%2Fgagen&amp;la=greek&amp;prior=s%27\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u1f10\u03c0\u03ae\u03b3\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd<\/a>) <em>over the earth and the waters receded<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The next occurrences of <em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em> are found in the story of Abram\/Abraham (Genesis 12:1-3 NET):<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Now the Lord <em>(<\/em>y<sup>e<\/sup>h\u00f4v\u00e2h<em>, \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4)<\/em> said to Abram, \u201cGo out from your country, your relatives, and your father\u2019s household to the land that I will show you <em>[<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/#_Table1\">Table<\/a>]<\/em>. \u00a0Then I will make you into a great nation, and I will bless you, and I will make your name great, so that you will exemplify divine blessing <em>[<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/#_Table3\">Table<\/a>]<\/em>. \u00a0I will bless those who bless you, but the one who treats you lightly I must curse, and all the families of the earth will bless one another by your name\u201d <em>[<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/#_Table5\">Table<\/a>]<\/em>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><em>So Abram left, just as the Lord had told him to do<\/em>,<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/a> and <em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em> was what Abram did as he obeyed <em>y<sup>e<\/sup>h\u00f4v\u00e2h<\/em>.\u00a0 <em>Abram traveled<\/em> (<em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em>, \u05d5\u05d9\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.blueletterbible.org\/Bible.cfm?b=Gen&amp;c=12&amp;t=LXX#s=t_bibles_12006\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Septuagint<\/a>: \u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\"><sup>[7]<\/sup><\/a>) <em>through the land as far as the oak tree of Moreh at Shechem<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\"><sup>[8]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>I am the Lord<\/em> (<em>y<sup>e<\/sup>h\u00f4v\u00e2h<\/em>, \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4), He said to Abram still clearly within <em>the word of the Lord<\/em> (<em>y<sup>e<\/sup>h\u00f4v\u00e2h<\/em>, \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4) that <em>came to Abram in a vision<\/em>,<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\"><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/a> <em>who brought you out from Ur of the Chaldeans to give you this land to possess<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\"><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 <em>O sovereign<\/em> (<em><a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/hebrew-dictionary\/#_\u02bc\u0103d\u00f4n\u00e2y\">\u02bc\u0103d\u00f4n\u00e2y<\/a><\/em>, \u05d0\u05d3\u05e0\u05d9) Lord (<em>y<sup>e<\/sup>h\u00f4v\u00e2h<\/em>, \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4), <em>by what can I know that I am to possess it?<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\"><sup>[11]<\/sup><\/a> <em>Take for me a heifer<\/em>, He answered, <em>a goat, and a ram, each three years old, along with a dove and a young pigeon<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\"><sup>[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_vision\"><\/a>I suppose it is possible that Abram <em>took all these for him and then cut them in two and placed each half opposite the other<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\"><sup>[13]<\/sup><\/a> outside of the vision of verses 1-9.\u00a0 Perhaps I am meant to take\u2014<em>When birds of prey came down on the carcasses, Abram drove them away<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\"><sup>[14]<\/sup><\/a>\u2014in precisely that mundane way.\u00a0 Then <em>when the sun went down, Abram fell sound asleep, and great terror overwhelmed him<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\"><sup>[15]<\/sup><\/a> and Abram had a second vision.<\/p>\n<p>My problem with this interpretation is that as Abram slept nocturnal birds of prey came to feast upon the carcasses of the heifer, the goat, the ram, the dove and the pigeon he had protected all day for <em>y<sup>e<\/sup>h\u00f4v\u00e2h <\/em>in the real world, even as Abram heard and saw something completely different in a dream.\u00a0 I am more inclined to take the text at face value and assume that Abram acted within the vision of Genesis 15:1 and that he was a dream within a vision deep in Genesis 15:13-16 (NET):<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a foreign country. \u00a0They will be enslaved and oppressed for four hundred years <em>[<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/#_Table37\">Table<\/a>]<\/em>. \u00a0But I will execute judgment on the nation that they will serve.\u00a0 Afterward they will come out with many possessions <em>[<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/#_Table39\">Table<\/a>]<\/em>. \u00a0But as for you, you will go to your ancestors in peace and be buried at a good old age <em>[<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/#_Table41\">Table<\/a>]<\/em>. \u00a0In the fourth generation your descendants will return here, for the sin of the Amorites has not yet reached its limit <em>[<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/#_Table43\">Table<\/a>]<\/em>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Then <em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em> was the action of <em>a smoking firepot with a flaming torch<\/em> in a vision designed to overcome the doubts of Abram the believer:<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\"><sup>[16]<\/sup><\/a> <em>When the sun had gone down and it was dark, a smoking firepot with a flaming torch passed<\/em> (<em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em>, \u05e2\u05d1\u05e8; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.blueletterbible.org\/Bible.cfm?b=Gen&amp;c=15&amp;t=LXX#s=t_bibles_15017\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Septuagint<\/a>: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.perseus.tufts.edu\/hopper\/morph?l=dih%3Dlqon&amp;la=greek&amp;prior=ou%29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u03b4\u03b9\u1fc6\u03bb\u03b8\u03bf\u03bd<\/a>) <em>between the animal parts<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\"><sup>[17]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 It would have been disconcerting, to say the least, if Abram woke up the next morning to find the bones picked clean by nocturnal birds and other scavengers.<\/p>\n<p><em>That day<\/em>, the vision concluded, <em>the Lord<\/em> (<em>y<sup>e<\/sup>h\u00f4v\u00e2h<\/em>, \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4) <em>made a covenant with Abram: \u201cTo your descendants I give this land, from the river of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates River <\/em>[<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/#_Table47\">Table<\/a>]<em>\u2013 the land of the Kenites, Kenizzites, Kadmonites, <\/em>[<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/#_Table49\">Table<\/a>] <em>Hittites, Perizzites, Rephaites, <\/em>[<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/#_Table51\">Table<\/a>] <em>Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites, and Jebusites <\/em>[<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/#_Table53\">Table<\/a>]<em>.\u201d<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn18\" name=\"_ftnref18\"><sup>[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>This brings me to the beginning of the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hebcal.com\/sedrot\/vayera\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Parashat Vayera<\/a><\/em> (\u05e4\u05e8\u05e9\u05ea \u05d5\u05d9\u05e8\u05d0), Genesis 18:1-22:24.\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/thetorah.com\/ten-questions-ben-katz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ben Zion Katz<\/a>, a pediatrician and self-proclaimed recreational Bible scholar, in an essay\u2014\u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/thetorah.com\/vayera-vision-or-visit\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">God\u2019s Appearance to Abraham: Vision or Visit?<\/a>\u201d\u2014posted on <a href=\"http:\/\/thetorah.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">TheTorah.com<\/a> contrasted \u201cThe Traditional Approach\u201d to \u201cA <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org\/jsource\/judaica\/ejud_0002_0016_0_15649.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Peshat<\/a><\/em> Reading\u201d of Genesis 18.\u00a0 In the traditional approach Abraham interrupted a vision of God to entertain three guests.\u00a0 \u201cThis reading thus exemplifies the performance of two\u00a0<em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewfaq.org\/613.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mitzvot<\/a><\/em> \u2013 visiting the sick and welcoming guests.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Even when I searched the Bible for <em>mitzvot<\/em> I was never quite this clever.\u00a0 I certainly recognized Abraham\u2019s hospitality but had serious doubts and questions about <a href=\"https:\/\/net.bible.org\/#!bible\/Genesis+19:8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lot\u2019s practice<\/a> of the same with two of the same men.\u00a0 And I didn\u2019t see \u201cvisiting the sick\u201d here until I read Dr. Katz article: \u201cGod is\u00a0\u2018visiting\u2019\u00a0Abraham\u00a0(in a vision)\u00a0because\u00a0Abraham was recuperating from his circumcision.\u201d \u00a0As long as I searched the Bible for rules to obey I, like <a href=\"https:\/\/net.bible.org\/#!bible\/John+3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nicodemus<\/a>, didn\u2019t <a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/05\/14\/a-monotonous-cycle-part-2\/\">see<\/a>\u2014<em>I tell you the solemn truth, unless a person is born from above, he cannot see the kingdom of God<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn19\" name=\"_ftnref19\"><sup>[19]<\/sup><\/a>\u2014as the <a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/05\/17\/a-monotonous-cycle-part-5\/#_rude\">take away message<\/a> of the Old Testament.<\/p>\n<p>I was taught that I must be born again.\u00a0 I was taught to mock Nicodemus\u2019 dull-wittedness: <em>How can a man be born when he is old? \u00a0He cannot enter his mother\u2019s womb and be born a second time, can he?<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn20\" name=\"_ftnref20\"><sup>[20]<\/sup><\/a> And, <em>How can these things be?<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn21\" name=\"_ftnref21\"><sup>[21]<\/sup><\/a> But I didn\u2019t understand Jesus\u2019 retort either (John 3:<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/05\/17\/a-monotonous-cycle-part-5\/#_Table1\">10<\/a>-12 NET):<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Are you the teacher of Israel and yet you don\u2019t understand these things? \u00a0I tell you the solemn truth, we speak about what we know and testify about what we have seen, but you people do not accept our testimony. \u00a0If I have told you people about earthly things and you don\u2019t believe, how will you believe if I tell you about heavenly things?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>I was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=95_DB6GgLQs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">George McFly<\/a> in the diner in \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Back_to_the_Future\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Back to the Future<\/a>.\u201d\u00a0 I felt as bullied by Jesus as he did by Biff Tannen.\u00a0 When Jesus turned his attention to Nicodemus, like Biff\u2019s followers turned on Marty, I could feel like a winner for a moment, piling on Nicodemus.\u00a0 But only for a moment, for Jesus was soon back to bullying me as his words seemed at the time.\u00a0 God come to earth, mocking everyone who was not God.<\/p>\n<p>The revolution came when I began to see Jesus as a baby and a child learning everything anew.\u00a0 He studied the Hebrew Bible, what I call the Old Testament, and from it through the Holy Spirit learned <em>the solemn truth<\/em> (John 3:<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/05\/14\/a-monotonous-cycle-part-2\/#_Table2\">5<\/a>-8 NET):<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>unless a person is born of water and spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God. \u00a0What is born of the flesh is flesh, and what is born of the Spirit is spirit. \u00a0Do not be amazed that I said to you, \u2018You must all be born from above.\u2019 \u00a0The wind blows wherever it will, and you hear the sound it makes, but do not know where it comes from and where it is going. \u00a0So it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><em>You must all be born from above<\/em>, because <em>no one is declared righteous before him<\/em> <em>by the works of the law, for through the law comes the knowledge of sin<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn22\" name=\"_ftnref22\"><sup>[22]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 <em>God achieved what the law could not do because it was weakened through the flesh. \u00a0By sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and concerning sin, he condemned sin in the flesh, so that the righteous requirement of the law may be fulfilled in us, who do not walk according to the flesh but according to the Spirit<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn23\" name=\"_ftnref23\"><sup>[23]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Dr. Katz continued:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>Although clever and ethically uplifting, the traditional reading is not the\u00a0<\/em>peshat<em>, the plain meaning of the text. The\u00a0<\/em>peshat<em>\u00a0reading, which is in consonance with modern literary analysis, is rather straightforward.\u00a0 In verse 1, we are\u00a0given an introduction that\u00a0God appeared to Abraham.\u00a0 That appearance\u00a0then begins in verse 2, and of the 3 \u201cpeople\u201d Abraham sees, one is God personified while the other 2 are angels or messengers of God.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><em>My lord<\/em> (<em><a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/hebrew-dictionary\/#_\u02bc\u00e2d\u00f4n\">\u02bc\u00e2d\u00f4n<\/a><\/em>, \u05d0\u05d3\u05e0\u05d9), Abraham said, <em>if I have found favor in your sight, do not pass<\/em> (<em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em>, \u05ea\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.blueletterbible.org\/Bible.cfm?b=Gen&amp;c=18&amp;t=LXX#s=t_bibles_18003\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Septuagint<\/a>: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bb\u03b8\u1fc3\u03c2<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn24\" name=\"_ftnref24\"><sup>[24]<\/sup><\/a>) <em>by and leave your servant<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn25\" name=\"_ftnref25\"><sup>[25]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 Here <em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em> became the action that <em>y<sup>e<\/sup>h\u00f4v\u00e2h<\/em> would take if He did not favor Abraham.\u00a0 <em>Let a little water be brought so that you may all wash your feet and rest under the tree<\/em>,<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn26\" name=\"_ftnref26\"><sup>[26]<\/sup><\/a> Abraham continued.\u00a0 It sounds to me as if Abraham wished to honor his guests in a manner in keeping with the favor their consenting to be his guests implied.\u00a0 But in the \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.chabad.org\/parshah\/torahreading.asp?aid=9170&amp;p=1&amp;showrashi=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">traditional<\/a>\u201d commentary Abraham was seen as a strict adherent <a href=\"https:\/\/net.bible.org\/#!bible\/Galatians+3:17\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">430 years<\/a> before the law:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em><strong>and bathe your feet:<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>He thought that they were Arabs, who prostrate themselves to the dust of their feet, and he was strict not to allow any idolatry into his house.\u00a0 But Lot, who was not strict, mentioned lodging before washing, as it is said (below 19:2): \u201cand lodge and bathe your feet.\u201d &#8211; [from Gen. Rabbah 54:4]<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><em>And let me get a bit of food<\/em>, Abraham continued, <em>so that you may refresh yourselves since you have passed <\/em>(<em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em>, \u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05ea\u05dd; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.blueletterbible.org\/Bible.cfm?b=Gen&amp;c=18&amp;t=LXX#s=t_bibles_18005\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Septuagint<\/a>: \u1f10\u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn27\" name=\"_ftnref27\"><sup>[27]<\/sup><\/a>) <em>by your servant\u2019s home.\u00a0 After that you may<\/em> (<em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em>, \u05ea\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d5; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.blueletterbible.org\/Bible.cfm?b=Gen&amp;c=18&amp;t=LXX#s=t_bibles_18005\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Septuagint<\/a>: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn28\" name=\"_ftnref28\"><sup>[28]<\/sup><\/a>) <em>be on your way<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn29\" name=\"_ftnref29\"><sup>[29]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 Here even the \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.chabad.org\/parshah\/torahreading.asp?aid=9170&amp;p=1&amp;showrashi=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">traditional<\/a>\u201d commentary recognized the honor Abraham perceived:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em><strong>because you have passed by:<\/strong>\u00a0For I request this from you [i.e., to sustain your hearts] because you have passed by me [i.e., have stopped in my home] to honor me.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>If <em>y<sup>e<\/sup>h\u00f4v\u00e2h<\/em> consented not to <em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em> by Abraham, Abraham\u2019s hospitality would become the reason that <em>y<sup>e<\/sup>h\u00f4v\u00e2h<\/em> <em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em> Abraham\u2019s tent.\u00a0 <em>All right<\/em>, <em>y<sup>e<\/sup>h\u00f4v\u00e2h<\/em> and his two companions replied, <em>you may do as you say<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn30\" name=\"_ftnref30\"><sup>[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>After Sarah died Abraham negotiated with Ephron for a field with a cave to bury her body.\u00a0 It was a curious negotiation.\u00a0 As a wanderer in the promised land Abraham owned no property.\u00a0 As a respected prince Ephron was willing to give him the property, but Abraham insisted that he would pay full price.\u00a0 Here <em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em> was <em>according to the standard<\/em> of that price: <em>So Abraham agreed to Ephron\u2019s price and weighed out for him the price that Ephron had quoted in the hearing of the sons of Heth \u2013 400 pieces of silver, according to the standard<\/em> (<em>\u02bd\u00e2bar<\/em>, \u05e2\u05d1\u05e8; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.blueletterbible.org\/Bible.cfm?b=Gen&amp;c=23&amp;t=LXX#s=t_bibles_23016\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Septuagint<\/a>: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.perseus.tufts.edu\/hopper\/morph?l=doki%2Fmou&amp;la=greek&amp;prior=tou\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5<\/a>) <em>measurement at the time<\/em>.<a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2015\/04\/08\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-2\/#_ftn31\" name=\"_ftnref31\"><sup>[31]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 The <a href=\"https:\/\/net.bible.org\/#!bible\/Genesis+23:16\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">note<\/a> in the NET reads: \u201c<em>Heb<\/em> \u2018passing for the merchant.\u2019\u00a0 The final clause affirms that the measurement of silver was according to the standards used by the merchants of the time.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ll continue in the next essay.<\/p>\n<div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2017\/11\/22\/forgiven-or-passed-over-part-3\/\"><em>Forgiven or Passed Over? Part 3<\/em><\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/\">Back to <em>Romans, Part 19<\/em><\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/div>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><sup>[1]<\/sup> 2 Samuel 12:13b (NET) <a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/06\/26\/jedidiah-part-1\/#_Table35\">Table<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn2\"><\/a><sup>[2]<\/sup> Genesis 6:17 (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn3\"><\/a><sup>[3]<\/sup> Genesis 7:18 (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn4\"><\/a><sup>[4]<\/sup> Genesis 7:23, 24 (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn5\"><\/a><sup>[5]<\/sup> Genesis 8:1 (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn6\"><\/a><sup>[6]<\/sup> Genesis 12:4a (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn7\"><\/a><sup>[7]<\/sup> <a href=\"http:\/\/studybible.info\/LXX_WH\/Genesis%2012:6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd<\/a>, a form of <a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/greek-dictionary-2\/#_\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c9\">\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c9<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn8\"><\/a><sup>[8]<\/sup> Genesis 12:6a (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn9\"><\/a><sup>[9]<\/sup> Genesis 15:1 (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn10\"><\/a><sup>[10]<\/sup> Genesis 15:7 (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn11\"><\/a><sup>[11]<\/sup> Genesis 15:8 (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn12\"><\/a><sup>[12]<\/sup> Genesis 15:9 (NET) <a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/#_Table29\">Table<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn13\"><\/a><sup>[13]<\/sup> Genesis 15:10 (NET) <a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/#_Table31\">Table<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn14\"><\/a><sup>[14]<\/sup> Genesis 15:11 (NET) <a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/#_Table33\">Table<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn15\"><\/a><sup>[15]<\/sup> Genesis 15:12 (NET) <a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/#_Table35\">Table<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn16\"><\/a><sup>[16]<\/sup> <em>For what does the scripture say?<\/em> \u201c<strong><em>Abraham believed God<\/em><\/strong><em>, <strong>and it was credited to him as righteousness<\/strong><\/em>.\u201d (Romans 4:3 NET, quoting <a href=\"http:\/\/www.biblestudytools.com\/nkjv\/genesis\/15-6.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Genesis 15:6 NKJV<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn17\"><\/a><sup>[17]<\/sup> Genesis 15:17 (NET) <a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/09\/27\/romans-part-19\/#_Table45\">Table<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn18\"><\/a><sup>[18]<\/sup> Genesis 15:18-21 (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn19\"><\/a><sup>[19]<\/sup> John 3:3 (NET) <a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/2012\/07\/25\/romans-part-2\/#_Table9\">Table<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn20\"><\/a><sup>[20]<\/sup> John 3:4 (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn21\"><\/a><sup>[21]<\/sup> John 3:9 (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn22\"><\/a><sup>[22]<\/sup> Romans 3:20 (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn23\"><\/a><sup>[23]<\/sup> Romans 8:3, 4 (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn24\"><\/a><sup>[24]<\/sup> <a href=\"http:\/\/studybible.info\/LXX_WH\/Genesis%2018:3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bb\u03b8\u1fc3\u03c2<\/a>, a form of <a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/greek-dictionary-2\/#_\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9\">\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn25\"><\/a><sup>[25]<\/sup> Genesis 18:3 (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn26\"><\/a><sup>[26]<\/sup> Genesis 18:4 (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn27\"><\/a><sup>[27]<\/sup> <a href=\"http:\/\/studybible.info\/LXX_WH\/Genesis%2018:5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u1f10\u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5<\/a>, a form of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.perseus.tufts.edu\/hopper\/morph?l=e%29kkli%2Fnw&amp;la=greek\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u1f10\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03c9<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn28\"><\/a><sup>[28]<\/sup> <a href=\"http:\/\/studybible.info\/LXX_WH\/Genesis%2018:5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5<\/a>, another form of <a href=\"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/greek-dictionary-2\/#_\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9\">\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn29\"><\/a><sup>[29]<\/sup> Genesis 18:5a (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn30\"><\/a><sup>[30]<\/sup> Genesis 18:5b (NET)<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"_ftn31\"><\/a><sup>[31]<\/sup> Genesis 23:16 (NET)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I studied \u02bd\u00e2bar through Genesis.\u00a0 Nothing so far justifies translating it forgiven in Nathan\u2019s response to David\u2019s confession\u2014Yes, and the Lord has forgiven (\u02bd\u00e2bar, \u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d9\u05e8; Septuagint: \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03b2\u03af\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd) your sin.[1]\u00a0 But \u02bd\u00e2bar kept some evocative company for anyone studying the Torah &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/?p=4940\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2775,2719],"tags":[461,443,2779,2780,447,2784,2785,2786,2787,2788,2789,2781,2782,2783,2793,2794,2795,2796,1375,2776,1376,2777,2778,2686,2791,106,87,2792,2790,3507],"class_list":["post-4940","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-forgiven-or-passed-over","category-section-three","tag-2-samuel-1213","tag-genesis-121-3","tag-genesis-124","tag-genesis-126","tag-genesis-151","tag-genesis-1510","tag-genesis-1511","tag-genesis-1512","tag-genesis-1513-16","tag-genesis-1517","tag-genesis-1518-21","tag-genesis-157","tag-genesis-158","tag-genesis-159","tag-genesis-183","tag-genesis-184","tag-genesis-185","tag-genesis-2316","tag-genesis-611-13","tag-genesis-617","tag-genesis-65-7","tag-genesis-718","tag-genesis-723-24","tag-genesis-81","tag-john-310-12","tag-john-33","tag-john-34","tag-john-35-8","tag-john-39","tag-movies-back-to-the-future"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4940","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4940"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4940\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17350,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4940\/revisions\/17350"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4940"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4940"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4940"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}