{"id":9937,"date":"2018-06-12T20:32:33","date_gmt":"2018-06-12T14:32:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/intelligent-torvalds.74-208-171-134.plesk.page\/?p=9937"},"modified":"2023-05-08T17:47:43","modified_gmt":"2023-05-08T22:47:43","slug":"fear-deuteronomy-part-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/?p=9937","title":{"rendered":"Fear – Deuteronomy, Part 12"},"content":{"rendered":"

I\u2019ve been\u00a0considering<\/a> yeh\u00f4v\u00e2h\u2019s<\/a> <\/em>fearful pronouncement:\u00a0I punish\u00a0<\/em>(p\u00e2qad<\/em>,\u00a0\u05e4\u05e7\u05d3<\/a>)\u00a0the sons, grandsons, and great-grandsons for the sin of the fathers who reject me<\/em>\u2026[1]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 By way of review, I didn\u2019t find anything about the Hebrew word itself that would compel anyone to translate \u05e4\u05e7\u05d3 (p\u00e2qad<\/em>) I punish<\/a><\/em>.\u00a0 While I don\u2019t have any particular quarrel with calling the plague <\/em>of Exodus 32:35<\/a> a punishment, I\u2019m not convinced it justifies translating p\u00e2qad I punish<\/em> (\u05e4\u05e7\u05d3\u05d9) and I will indeed punish<\/em> (\u05d5\u05e4\u05e7\u05d3\u05ea\u05d9) beyond this limited context.[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

After a kind of thought experiment<\/a> I concluded that the translation of \u05e4\u05e7\u05d3 (p\u00e2qad<\/em>) as I punish<\/em> in Deuteronomy 5:9 was a perpetuation of an erroneous popular notion<\/a> of religious minds that was clearly corrected in Ezekiel 18<\/a>.[3]<\/sup><\/a> \u00a0\u00a0Though the fixation on punishment in Leviticus 18:25<\/a> is difficult for me to unravel<\/a>, it hasn\u2019t really dissuaded me from the idea that ye<\/sup>h\u00f4v\u00e2h<\/em> visits iniquity<\/a> itself upon descendants to consign all to disobedience<\/a>, so that he may show mercy to them all<\/em>.[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Here I\u2019ll focus on \u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n<\/a> <\/em>in Exodus, and though I\u2019ve already considered<\/a> Exodus 20:5<\/a> I want to start there again from a slightly different perspective.\u00a0 I\u2019m comparing\/contrasting the NET and Tanakh as relatively contemporary translations of the Hebrew from Christian and Jewish perspectives respectively, and the Septuagint as a more ancient Jewish perspective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Exodus 20:3-6 (NET)<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Exodus 20:3-6 (Tanakh)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

You shall have no other gods before me [Table<\/a>].<\/td>\nThou shalt have no other gods before Me.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
You shall not make for yourself a carved image or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above or that is on the earth beneath or that is in the water below [Table<\/a>].<\/td>\nThou shalt not make unto thee a graven image, nor any manner of likeness, of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I, the Lord, your God, am a jealous God, responding (p\u00e2qad<\/em>, \u05e4\u05e7\u05d3) to the transgression (\u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n<\/em>, \u05e2\u05d5\u05df) of fathers by dealing with children to the third and fourth generations of those who reject me [Table<\/a>],<\/td>\nthou shalt not bow down unto them, nor serve them; for I HaShem thy G-d am a jealous G-d, visiting (p\u00e2qad<\/em>, \u05e4\u05e7\u05d3) the iniquity (\u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n<\/em>, \u05e2\u05d5\u05df) of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate Me;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
and showing covenant faithfulness to a thousand generations of those who love me and keep my commandments [Table<\/a>].<\/td>\nand showing mercy unto the thousandth generation of them that love Me and keep My commandments.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The translators of the NET would not quite enshrine the idea that yeh\u00f4v\u00e2h <\/em>punishes children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren for the sins of the father in the ten commandments.\u00a0 Though one might argue that\u2014responding to the transgression of fathers by dealing<\/em>\u2014is scarcely different if one already has that idea in mind, it is a move away from:\u00a0punishing the children for the sin of the parents<\/em> (NIV<\/a>), punishing the children for the fathers’ iniquity<\/em> (CSB<\/a>), I will punish your families<\/em> (CEV<\/a>), I bring punishment on those who hate me and on their descendants<\/em> (GNT<\/a>), punishing the children for the fathers’ sin<\/em> (HCSB<\/a>), punishing the children for the iniquity of the parents <\/em>(ISV<\/a>) or I punish children for their parents’ sins<\/em> (GWT<\/a>).[5]<\/sup><\/a> \u00a0All of these translations follow the idea<\/a> in the Septuagint that visiting <\/em>(\u05e4\u05e7\u05d3) iniquity <\/em>(\u05e2\u05d5\u05df) is equivalent to \u201crepaying\u201d (\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2<\/a>, a form of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9<\/a>) \u201csins\u201d (\u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2, a form of \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Exodus 20:3-6 (Septuagint)<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Exodus 20:3-6 (NETS)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f14\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u1f77 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u1f76 \u1f15\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u1f74\u03bd \u1f10\u03bc\u03bf\u1fe6 [Table<\/a>]<\/td>\nYou shall have no other gods besides Me.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u03bf\u1f50 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03b5\u1f34\u03b4\u03c9\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f41\u03bc\u03bf\u1f77\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u1f45\u03c3\u03b1 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03bf\u1f50\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u1ff7 \u1f04\u03bd\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f45\u03c3\u03b1 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc7 \u03b3\u1fc7 \u03ba\u1f71\u03c4\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f45\u03c3\u03b1 \u1f10\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f55\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u1f51\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u1f71\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03b3\u1fc6\u03c2 [Table<\/a>]<\/td>\nYou shall not make for yourself an idol or likeness of anything whatever is in heaven above and whatever is in the earth beneath and whatever is in the waters beneath the earth.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u03bf\u1f50 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bd\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f50\u03b4\u1f72 \u03bc\u1f74 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u1f7b\u03c3\u1fc3\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f10\u03b3\u1f7c \u03b3\u1f71\u03c1 \u03b5\u1f30\u03bc\u03b9 \u03ba\u1f7b\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03b8\u03b5\u1f79\u03c2 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b5\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b6\u03b7\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u1f74\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u1f73\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f73\u03ba\u03bd\u03b1 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u1f77\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u1f71\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u1fb6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03c3\u1f77\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 [Table<\/a>]<\/td>\nYou shall not do obeisance to them, nor are you to serve them, for I am the Lord your God, a jealous god, repaying (\u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2, a form of \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9) sins (\u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2, a form of \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1) of fathers upon children up to the third and fourth generation to those who hate me,<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f14\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u1f71\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f00\u03b3\u03b1\u03c0\u1ff6\u03c3\u1f77\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u1f71\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u1f71\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u1f71 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 [Table<\/a>]<\/td>\nand doing mercy unto thousands, for those who love me and keep my ordinances.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Admittedly, my own idea is more like I lay the sins of the parents upon their children; the entire family is affected<\/em> in the New Living Translation<\/a>.\u00a0 But I didn\u2019t come to it by reading the NLT, and I\u2019m way too snobby to cite it as support.\u00a0 The next occurrence of \u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n <\/em>includes an occurrence of n\u00e2\u015b\u00e2\u02bc<\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Exodus 28:36-38 (NET)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Exodus 28:36-38 (Tanakh)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u201cYou are to make a plate of pure gold and engrave on it the way a seal is engraved: \u201cHoliness to the Lord.\u201d<\/td>\nAnd thou shalt make a plate of pure gold, and engrave upon it, like the engravings of a signet: HOLY TO THE HaShem.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
You are to attach to it a blue cord so that it will be on the turban; it is to be on the front of the turban,<\/td>\nAnd thou shalt put it on a thread of blue, and it shall be upon the mitre; upon the forefront of the mitre it shall be.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
It will be on Aaron\u2019s forehead, and Aaron will bear (n\u00e2\u015b\u00e2\u02bc<\/em>, \u05d5\u05e0\u05e9\u05c1\u05d0) the iniquity (\u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n<\/em>, \u05e2\u05d5\u05df) of the holy things, which the Israelites are to sanctify by all their holy gifts; it will always be on his forehead, for their acceptance before the Lord.<\/td>\nAnd it shall be upon Aaron’s forehead, and Aaron shall bear the iniquity committed in the holy things, which the children of Israel shall hallow, even in all their holy gifts; and it shall be always upon his forehead, that they may be accepted before HaShem.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

I won\u2019t pretend that I understand the iniquity of the holy things<\/em> or the iniquity committed in the holy things<\/em>.\u00a0 Nor will I chase that rabbit.\u00a0 I want to stay focused.\u00a0 The translators of the Septuagint took a different tack that actually makes more sense when considering the next occurrence of \u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n<\/em> also rather than this one alone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Exodus 28:36-38 (Septuagint)<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Exodus 28:32-34 (NETS)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u1f73\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u1fe6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u1f78\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u1f7d\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f10\u03ba\u03c4\u1f7b\u03c0\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u1fd6\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f01\u03b3\u1f77\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u1f77\u03bf\u03c5<\/td>\nAnd you shall make a pure gold thin plate and shall put in relief in it the relief of the seal \u201cHoliness of the Lord.\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f78 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u1f51\u03b1\u03ba\u1f77\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03bc\u1f73\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u1f77\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f79\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03bc\u1f77\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\nAnd you shall place it on twisted blue, and it shall be on the headdress. It shall be at the front of the headdress.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f7d\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6 \u0391\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u1f70 \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f75\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f01\u03b3\u1f77\u03c9\u03bd \u1f45\u03c3\u03b1 \u1f02\u03bd \u1f01\u03b3\u03b9\u1f71\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03bf\u1f31 \u03c5\u1f31\u03bf\u1f76 \u0399\u03c3\u03c1\u03b1\u03b7\u03bb \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b4\u1f79\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f01\u03b3\u1f77\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f7d\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u1f70 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u1f79\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u1f14\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u1f77\u03bf\u03c5<\/td>\nAnd it shall be on the forehead of Aaron, and Aaron shall take away (\u1f10\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6<\/a>, a form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03c9<\/a>) the sins (\u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f75\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, a form of \u1f01\u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1<\/a>) of the holy things, whichever the sons of Israel have consecrated, every donation of their holy things.\u00a0 And it shall be on Aaron\u2019s forehead always, making them acceptable before the Lord.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Exodus 28: 42, 43 (NET)<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Exodus 28:42, 43 (Tanakh)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Make for them linen undergarments to cover their naked bodies; they must cover from the waist to the thighs.<\/td>\nAnd thou shalt make them linen breeches to cover the flesh of their nakedness; from the loins even unto the thighs they shall reach.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
These must be on Aaron and his sons when they enter to the tent of meeting, or when they approach the altar to minister in the Holy Place, so that they bear (n\u00e2\u015b\u00e2\u02bc<\/em>, \u05d9\u05e9\u05c1\u05d0\u05d5) no iniquity (\u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n<\/em>, \u05e2\u05d5\u05df) and die. It is to be a perpetual ordinance for him and for his descendants after him.<\/td>\nAnd they shall be upon Aaron, and upon his sons, when they go in unto the tent of meeting, or when they come near unto the altar to minister in the holy place; that they bear not iniquity, and die; it shall be a statute for ever unto him and unto his seed after him.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

In the former example Aaron will bear <\/em>(n\u00e2\u015b\u00e2\u02bc<\/em>, \u05d5\u05e0\u05e9\u05c1\u05d0) the iniquity <\/em>(\u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n<\/em>, \u05e2\u05d5\u05df) of the holy things<\/em>.\u00a0 In the latter example Aaron and his sons wear underwear so that they bear<\/em> (n\u00e2\u015b\u00e2\u02bc<\/em>, \u05d9\u05e9\u05c1\u05d0\u05d5) no iniquity<\/em> (\u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n<\/em>, \u05e2\u05d5\u05df) and die<\/em>.\u00a0 The translators of the Septuagint resolved this dilemma by translating \u05d5\u05e0\u05e9\u05c1\u05d0 (n\u00e2\u015b\u00e2\u02bc<\/em>) \u1f10\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6 (a form of \u1f10\u03be\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03c9; NETS: \u201cshall take away\u201d) and \u05d9\u05e9\u05c1\u05d0\u05d5 (n\u00e2\u015b\u00e2\u02bc<\/em>) \u1f10\u03c0\u1f71\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 (a form of \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03c9<\/a>; NETS: \u201cshall\u2026bring onto\u201d).<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Exodus 28: 42, 43 (Septuagint)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Exodus 28:38, 39 (NETS)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u1f75\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u1fc6 \u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u1fb6 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u1f7b\u03c8\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f00\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u1f7b\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03c0\u1f78 \u1f40\u03c3\u03c6\u1f7b\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f15\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f14\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9<\/td>\nAnd you shall make for them linen drawers to hide the shame of their flesh; from hip to thighs they shall be.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f15\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u0391\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f70 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f31 \u03c5\u1f31\u03bf\u1f76 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f61\u03c2 \u1f02\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30\u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u1f7b\u03c9\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u1f74\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u1f77\u03bf\u03c5 \u1f22 \u1f45\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u1f7b\u03c9\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03c4\u1f78 \u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u1f75\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u1f01\u03b3\u1f77\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f50\u03ba \u1f10\u03c0\u1f71\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f11\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u1f7a\u03c2 \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1\u03bd \u1f35\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u1f74 \u1f00\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u1f71\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd \u03bd\u1f79\u03bc\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u1f30\u1f7d\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u03c3\u03c0\u1f73\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1fbd \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1f79\u03bd<\/td>\nAnd Aaron and his sons shall wear them, whenever they enter the tent of witness or whenever they come near the altar of the holy place to minister, and they shall not bring onto (\u1f10\u03c0\u1f71\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, a form of \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03c9) themselves sin (\u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1\u03bd, another form of \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1), lest they die: a perpetual precept for him and his seed after him.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/a>And I would consider death an extreme punishment for bearing iniquity.\u00a0 The next occurrences of \u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n <\/em>also include an occurrence of n\u00e2\u015b\u00e2\u02bc<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Exodus 34:5-7 (NET)<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Exodus 34:5-7 (Tanakh)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

The Lord (yeh\u00f4v\u00e2h<\/em>, \u05d9<\/a><\/em>\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4<\/a>) descended in the cloud and stood with him there and proclaimed the Lord (yeh\u00f4v\u00e2h<\/em>, \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4) by name.<\/td>\nAnd HaShem descended in the cloud, and stood with him there, and proclaimed the name of HaShem.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
The Lord (yeh\u00f4v\u00e2h<\/em>, \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4) passed by before him and proclaimed: \u201cThe Lord (yeh\u00f4v\u00e2h<\/em>, \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4), the Lord (yeh\u00f4v\u00e2h<\/em>, \u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d4), the compassionate and gracious God (\u02bc\u00eal<\/em>, \u05d0\u05dc<\/a>), slow to anger, and abounding in loyal love and faithfulness,<\/td>\nAnd HaShem passed by before him, and proclaimed: ‘The HaShem, HaShem, G-d, merciful and gracious, long-suffering, and abundant in goodness and truth;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
keeping loyal love for thousands, forgiving (n\u00e2\u015b\u00e2\u02bc<\/em>, \u05e0\u05e9\u05c1\u05d0) iniquity (\u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n<\/em>, \u05e2\u05d5\u05df) and transgression and sin. But he by no means leaves the guilty unpunished, responding (p\u00e2qad<\/em>, \u05e4\u05e7\u05d3) to the transgression (\u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n<\/em>, \u05e2\u05d5\u05df) of fathers by dealing with children and children\u2019s children, to the third and fourth generation.\u201d<\/td>\nkeeping mercy unto the thousandth generation, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin; and that will by no means clear the guilty;[6]<\/sup><\/a> visiting (p\u00e2qad<\/em>, \u05e4\u05e7\u05d3) the iniquity (\u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n<\/em>, \u05e2\u05d5\u05df) of the fathers upon the children, and upon the children’s children, unto the third and unto the fourth generation.’<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Exodus 34:5-7 (Septuagint)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Exodus 34:5-7 (NETS)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u1f73\u03b2\u03b7 \u03ba\u1f7b\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f10\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u1f73\u03bb\u1fc3 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1f73\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f10\u03ba\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03ba\u1f71\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f40\u03bd\u1f79\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u1f77\u03bf\u03c5<\/td>\nAnd the Lord descended in a cloud, and he stood beside him there, and he called in the name of the Lord.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u1fc6\u03bb\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u1f7b\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u1f78 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u1f7d\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u1f50\u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03ba\u1f71\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u1f7b\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03b8\u03b5\u1f78\u03c2 \u03bf\u1f30\u03ba\u03c4\u1f77\u03c1\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03bb\u03b5\u1f75\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u1f79\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u1f73\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03bd\u1f78\u03c2<\/td>\nAnd the Lord passed by before his face, and he called, \u201cThe Lord, the Lord God is compassionate and merciful, patient and very merciful and truthful<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u1f7b\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f14\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u1f30\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u1f71\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f00\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03bf\u1f50 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u1fd6 \u03c4\u1f78\u03bd \u1f14\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u1f71\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u1f00\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u1f73\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f73\u03ba\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f73\u03ba\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u1f73\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u03c1\u1f77\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u1f71\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u1f71\u03bd<\/td>\nand preserving righteousness and doing mercy for thousands, taking away (\u1f00\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd, a form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9<\/a>) acts of lawlessness (\u1f00\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2, a form of \u1f00\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1<\/a>) and of injustice and sins, and he will not acquit the guilty person, bringing (\u1f10\u03c0\u1f71\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd, another form of \u1f10\u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03c9) lawless acts (\u1f00\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2, a form of \u1f00\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1) of fathers upon children and upon children of children, upon the third and fourth generation.\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/a>Here the translators of the NET and Tanakh agreed that \u05e0\u05e9\u05c1\u05d0 (n\u00e2\u015b\u00e2\u02bc<\/em>) should be translated forgiving<\/em>, while the translators of the Septuagint chose \u1f00\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1ff6\u03bd (a form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9; NETS: \u201ctaking away\u201d).\u00a0 One can appreciate the problem: How could yeh\u00f4v\u00e2h <\/em>bear iniquity (not to mention transgression<\/em> and sin<\/em>) if that made Aaron and his sons liable to death?\u00a0 Of course, if I let the Hebrew words stand as is and learn from them, and believe that yeh\u00f4v\u00e2h <\/em>took on human flesh and became Jesus the Christ, I have a gospel message foretold to Moses in the long name of God.<\/p>\n

So what did Moses know and when did he know it?\u00a0 Following yeh\u00f4v\u00e2h\u2019s <\/em>self-revelation Moses didn\u2019t ask Him to bear (n\u00e2\u015b\u00e2\u02bc<\/em>) Israel\u2019s iniquity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Exodus 34: 8, 9 (NET)<\/a><\/td>\n\n

Exodus 34: 8, 9 (Tanakh)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Moses quickly bowed to the ground and worshiped<\/td>\nAnd Moses made haste, and bowed his head toward the earth, and worshipped.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
and said, \u201cIf now I have found favor in your sight, O Lord, let my Lord go among us, for we are a stiff-necked people; pardon (s\u00e2lach<\/em>, \u05d5\u05e1\u05dc\u05d7\u05ea<\/a>) our iniquity (\u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n<\/em>, \u05dc\u05e2\u05d5\u05e0\u05e0\u05d5) and our sin, and take us for your inheritance.\u201d<\/td>\nAnd he said: ‘If now I have found grace in Thy sight, O L-rd, let the L-rd, I pray Thee, go in the midst of us; for it is a stiffnecked people; and pardon our iniquity and our sin, and take us for Thine inheritance.’<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Moses asked for \u05d5\u05e1\u05dc\u05d7\u05ea (s\u00e2lach<\/em>) instead.\u00a0 And yeh\u00f4v\u00e2h <\/em>gave them rules and rituals (Exodus 34:10-27<\/a>) that when they transgressed them they might seek a remedy through confession, sacrifice and other rituals to receive <\/a>s\u00e2lach<\/em>.\u00a0 The translators of the Septuagint, on the other hand, turned Moses\u2019 request into a prophecy of the new covenant (Jeremiah 31:31-34<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Exodus 34: 8, 9 (Septuagint)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Exodus 34: 8, 9 (NETS)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u1f7b\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u039c\u03c9\u03c5\u03c3\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03ba\u1f7b\u03c8\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c0\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f74\u03bd \u03b3\u1fc6\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u1f7b\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd<\/td>\nAnd quickly, bowing down to the earth, Moyses did obeisance<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03b5\u1f36\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u1f30 \u03b5\u1f55\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c7\u1f71\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u1f10\u03bd\u1f7d\u03c0\u03b9\u1f79\u03bd \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u1f75\u03c4\u03c9 \u1f41 \u03ba\u1f7b\u03c1\u03b9\u1f79\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u1fbd \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u1f41 \u03bb\u03b1\u1f78\u03c2 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u1f71\u03c7\u03b7\u03bb\u1f79\u03c2 \u1f10\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2 \u03c3\u1f7a \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03c4\u1f70\u03c2 \u1f00\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2 \u1f21\u03bc\u1ff6\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u1f10\u03c3\u1f79\u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u1f77<\/td>\nand said, \u201cIf I have found favor before you, let my Lord go together with us. For the people are stiff-necked, and you shall take away (\u1f00\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c2, another form of \u1f00\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9) our sins (\u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2, a form of \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1) and lawless acts (\u1f00\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2, a form of \u1f00\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1), and we will be yours.\u201d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

If they had the law, the rituals and the sacrifices in mind, hear what may well be Jesus\u2019 teaching<\/a> to his disciples in the days between his resurrection and ascension (Hebrews 10:1-4 NET):<\/p>\n

For the law possesses a shadow of the good things to come but not the reality itself, and is therefore completely unable, by the same sacrifices offered continually, year after year, to perfect those who come to worship. \u00a0For otherwise would they not have ceased to be offered, since the worshipers would have been purified once for all and so have no further consciousness of sin? \u00a0But in those sacrifices there is a reminder of sins year after year. \u00a0For the blood of bulls and goats cannot take away (\u1f00\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd, another form \u1f00\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9)<\/em> sins (\u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u1f77\u03b1\u03c2, a form of \u1f01\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1)<\/em>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

A table of forms of \u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n <\/em>in Exodus and their translations in the KJV and NET follows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Form of \u02bd\u00e2v\u00f4n<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Reference<\/td>\n\n

KJV<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

NET<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u05e2\u05d5\u05df<\/td>\nExodus 20:5<\/td>\n…visiting the iniquity<\/strong> of the fathers upon the children…<\/td>\n…responding to the transgression<\/strong> of fathers…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Exodus 28:38<\/td>\n…that Aaron may bear the iniquity<\/strong> of the holy things…<\/td>\n…and Aaron will bear the iniquity<\/strong> of the holy things…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Exodus 28:43<\/td>\n…that they bear not iniquity<\/strong>, and die…<\/td>\n…so that they bear no iniquity <\/strong>and die.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Exodus 34:7<\/td>\n…forgiving iniquity <\/strong>and transgression and sin…<\/td>\n…forgiving iniquity <\/strong>and transgression and sin.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Exodus 34:7<\/td>\n…visiting the iniquity<\/strong> of the fathers upon the children…<\/td>\n…responding to the transgression<\/strong> of fathers by dealing with children…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u05dc\u05e2\u05d5\u05e0\u05e0\u05d5<\/td>\nExodus 34:9<\/td>\n…and pardon our iniquity<\/strong> and our sin…<\/td>\n…pardon our iniquity<\/strong> and our sin…<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n
Fear – Deuteronomy, Part 13<\/em><\/a><\/div>\n
Back to Forgiven or Passed Over? Part 6<\/em><\/a><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

<\/a>[1]<\/sup> Deuteronomy 5:9b (NET)<\/p>\n

<\/a>[2]<\/sup> Exodus 32:34b (NET)<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>[3]<\/sup> Fear \u2013 Deuteronomy, Part 9<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>[4]<\/sup> Romans 11:32b (NET)<\/p>\n

<\/a>[5]<\/sup> See: Bible Hub<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>[6]<\/sup> The clauses: But he by no means leaves the guilty unpunished<\/em>, and, and that will by no means clear the guilty<\/em> are translations of three Hebrew words, two of which are forms of\u00a0n\u00e2q\u00e2h<\/em>.\u00a0 First, \u05d5\u05e0\u05e7\u05d4<\/a> (n\u00e2q\u00e2h<\/em>), second, \u05dc\u05d0<\/a> (l\u00f4\u02bc<\/em>); third, \u05d9\u05e0\u05e7\u05d4 (n\u00e2q\u00e2h<\/em>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

I\u2019ve been\u00a0considering yeh\u00f4v\u00e2h\u2019s fearful pronouncement:\u00a0I punish\u00a0(p\u00e2qad,\u00a0\u05e4\u05e7\u05d3)\u00a0the sons, grandsons, and great-grandsons for the sin of the fathers who reject me\u2026[1]\u00a0 By way of review, I didn\u2019t find anything about the Hebrew word itself that would compel anyone to translate \u05e4\u05e7\u05d3 (p\u00e2qad) … Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3604,3833,1240,4062],"tags":[3931,3709,4327,4328,1828,1983,4329],"class_list":["post-9937","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-deuteronomy-the-fear-of-the-lord","category-section-four","category-the-fear-of-the-lord","category-visiting-iniquity","tag-deuteronomy-59","tag-exodus-203-6","tag-exodus-2836-38","tag-exodus-2842-43","tag-exodus-345-7","tag-exodus-348-9","tag-hebrews-101-4"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9937","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9937"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9937\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20960,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9937\/revisions\/20960"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9937"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9937"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/religiousmind.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9937"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}