Father, Son and Holy Spirit – Part 2

Masoretic Text Septuagint
Psalm 110:1 (Tanakh) Psalm 110:1 (NET) Psalm 109:1 (NETS) Psalm 109:1 (English Elpenor)
The LORD (יְהֹוָ֨ה) said unto my Lord (לַֽאדֹנִ֗י), Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool. A psalm of David.  Here is the Lord’s (yehôvâh, יהוה) proclamation to my lord (ʼâdôn, לאדני): “Sit down at my right hand until I make your enemies your footstool.” Pertaining to Dauid.  A Psalm.  The Lord (κύριος) said to my lord (κυρίῳ), “Sit on my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet.” [A Psalm of David.]  The Lord (Κύριος) said to my Lord (Κυρίῳ), Sit thou on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool.

This verse has compelled me to consider something more like trinitarianism to continue to believe that Jesus is יְהֹוָ֨ה (yehôvâh) come in human flesh.  A table comparing the two Hebrew words translated Lord in Morfix follows.  My procedure was the same: if I got no result using vowel points I used the word from the NET parallel Hebrew text without vowel points.

Psalm 110:1
Hebrew Tanakh Homographs English Definitions
יְהֹוָ֨ה יהוה The LORD יְהֹוָה (biblical) Jehovah, God, the Lord
הִוָּה to constitute
לַֽאדֹנִ֗י לאדני my Lord אֶדֶן windowsill; railway sleeper; (flowery) base, foundation
אֲדֹנָי God, the Lord

It seems odd to list אֶדֶן and אֲדֹנָי as homographs since they are so distinctly different, but אָדֹן occurred in Strong’s concordance as well.  I don’t know Hebrew well enough to do much more than report at this point.  Apparently this is not the only homograph of אֲדֹנָי.

Masoretic Text Septuagint
Genesis 15:1, 2 (Tanakh) Genesis 15:1, 2 (NET) Genesis 15:1, 2 (NETS) Genesis 15:1, 2 (English Elpenor)
After these things the word of HaShem (יְהֹוָה֙) came unto Abram in a vision, saying: ‘Fear not, Abram, I am thy shield, thy reward shall be exceeding great.’ After these things the Lord’s  (yehôvâh, יהוה) message came to Abram in a vision: “Fear not, Abram!  I am your shield and the one who will reward you in great abundance.” Now after these matters the Lord’s (κυρίου) word came to Abram in a vision, saying, “Do not be afraid, Abram; I am shielding you; your reward shall be very great.” AND after these things the word of the Lord (Κυρίου) came to Abram in a vision, saying, Fear not, Abram, I shield thee, thy reward shall be very great.
And Abram said: ‘O L-rd (אֲדֹנָ֤י) GOD (יֱהֹוִה֙), what wilt Thou give me, seeing I go hence childless, and he that shall be possessor of my house is Eliezer of Damascus?’ But Abram said, “O Sovereign (ʼădônây, אדני) Lord (yehôvih, יהוה), what will you give me since I continue to be childless, and my heir is Eliezer of Damascus?” But Abram was saying, “O Master (δέσποτα), what will you give me?  And I, I am going away childless; as for the son of Masek, my female homebred, he is Damascus Eliezer.” And Abram said, Master (δέσποτα) [and] Lord (Κύριε), what wilt thou give me? whereas I am departing without a child, but the son of Masek my home-born female slave, this Eliezer of Damascus [is mine heir.]

Morfix didn’t recognize any difference between the homographs אֲדֹנָֽי (ʼâdôn) and אֲדֹנָ֣י (ʼădônây), but I only got a result when I used the NET parallel Hebrew אדני without vowel points.

Psalm 110:1
Hebrew Tanakh Homographs English Definitions
לַֽאדֹנִ֗י לאדני my Lord אֶדֶן windowsill; railway sleeper; (flowery) base, foundation
אֲדֹנָי God, the Lord
Genesis 15:2
אֲדֹנָ֤י אדני L-rd אֶדֶן windowsill; railway sleeper; (flowery) base, foundation
אֲדֹנָי God, the Lord

The rabbis chose δέσποτα a form of δεσπότης, “lord, master, despot; owner of a ship; one who wields absolute authority and control,” for אֲדֹנָ֤י (ʼădônây).  In Psalm 110:1 they had chosen Κυρίῳ (Table2 below) a form of κύριος, “Lord, master, Sir, God; owner, someone who owns and controls (possessions); someone addressed as being of a higher social standing; someone who exercises absolute authority over someone else or something,” for לַֽאדֹנִ֗י (ʼâdôn).  The words are synonyms.  The rabbis’ choice of δέσποτα here avoided the awkward Κύριε Κύριε (Table6 below) and in the following example (Table12 below).

Masoretic Text Septuagint
Genesis 15:6-8 (Tanakh) Genesis 15: 6-8 (NET) Genesis 15: 6-8 (NETS) Genesis 15: 6-8 (English Elpenor)
And he believed in HaShem (בַּֽיהֹוָ֑ה); and He counted it to him for righteousness. Abram believed the Lord (yehôvâh, ביהוה), and the Lord credited it as righteousness to him. And Abraham believed God (θεῷ), and it was reckoned to him as righteousness. And Abram believed God (Θεῷ), and it was counted to him for righteousness.
And He said unto him: ‘I am HaShem (יְהֹוָ֗ה) that brought thee out of Ur of the Chaldees, to give thee this land to inherit it.’ The Lord said to him, “I am the Lord (yehôvâh, יהוה) who brought you out from Ur of the Chaldeans to give you this land to possess.” Then he said to him, “I am the God (θεὸς) who brought you out of the country of the Chaldeans so as to give you this land to possess.” And he said to him, I am God (Θεὸς) that brought thee out of the land of the Chaldeans, so as to give thee this land to inherit.
And he said: ‘O L-rd (אֲדֹנָ֣י) GOD (יֱהֹוִ֔ה), whereby shall I know that I shall inherit it?’ But Abram said, “O Sovereign (ʼădônây, אדני) Lord (yehôvih, יהוה), by what can I know that I am to possess it?” But he said, “O Master (δέσποτα), Lord (κύριε), how shall I know that I shall possess it?” And he said, Master (Δέσποτα) [and] Lord (Κύριε), how shall I know that I shall inherit it?

The next occurrence of אֲדֹנָ֗י (ʼădônây) was not immediately followed by יֱהֹוִ֔ה (yehôvih); the rabbis chose κύριε rather than δέσποτα.

Masoretic Text Septuagint
Genesis 18:1-3 (Tanakh) Genesis 18:1-3 (NET) Genesis 18:1-3 (NETS) Genesis 18:1-3 (English Elpenor)
And HaShem (יְהֹוָ֔ה) appeared unto him by the terebinths of Mamre, as he sat in the tent door in the heat of the day; The Lord (yehôvâh, יהוה) appeared to Abraham by the oaks of Mamre while he was sitting at the entrance to his tent during the hottest time of the day. AND God (θεὸς) appeared to him by the oak of Mambre, as he sat by the door of his tent at noon. AND God (Θεὸς) appeared to him by the oak of Mambre, as he sat by the door of his tent at noon.
and he lifted up his eyes and looked, and, lo, three men stood over against him; and when he saw them, he ran to meet them from the tent door, and bowed down to the earth, Abraham looked up and saw three men standing across from him.  When he saw them he ran from the entrance of the tent to meet them and bowed low to the ground. And looking up with his eyes he saw, and see, three men stood over him.  And when he saw them, he ran forward from his tent door to meet them and did obeisance upon the ground And he lifted up his eyes and beheld, and lo! three men stood before him; and having seen them he ran to meet them from the door of his tent, and did obeisance to the ground.
and said: ‘My lord (אֲדֹנָ֗י), if now I have found favour in thy sight, pass not away, I pray thee, from thy servant. He said, “My lord (ʼădônây, אדני), if I have found favor in your sight, do not pass by and leave your servant. and said, “Lord (κύριε), if perchance I have found favor before you, do not pass by your servant. And he said, Lord (κύριε), if indeed I have found grace in thy sight, pass not by thy servant.

In the next occurrence יְהֹוָ֔ה (yehôvâh) was translated Κύριος and אֲדֹנָ֔י (ʼădônây) Κύριόν (another form of κύριος).

Masoretic Text Septuagint
Genesis 18:26, 27 (Tanakh) Genesis 18:26, 27 (NET) Genesis 18:26, 27 (NETS) Genesis 18:26, 27 (English Elpenor)
And HaShem (יְהֹוָ֔ה) said: ‘If I find in Sodom fifty righteous within the city, then I will forgive all the place for their sake.’ So the Lord (yehôvâh, יהוה) replied, “If I find in the city of Sodom fifty godly people, I will spare the whole place for their sake.” Then the Lord (κύριος) said, “If I find in Sodoma fifty righteous in the city, I will forgive the whole place for their sake.” And the Lord (Κύριος) said, If there should be in Sodom fifty righteous in the city, I will spare the whole city, and the whole place for their sakes.
And Abraham answered and said: ‘Behold now, I have taken upon me to speak unto the L-rd (אֲדֹנָ֔י), who am but dust and ashes. Then Abraham asked, “Since I have undertaken to speak to the Lord [ʼădônây, אדני] (although I am but dust and ashes), And Abraam said in reply, “Now I have begun to speak to the Lord (κύριον), though I am earth and ashes. And Abraam answered and said, Now I have begun to speak to my Lord (Κύριόν), and I am earth and ashes.

In the next example two occurrences of לַֽאדֹנָי֙ (ʼădônây) were translated κύριε (another form of κύριος) and אֲדֹנָ֔י (ʼădônây) κύριον, while the lone instance of יְהֹוָ֔ה (yehôvâh) was translated Κύριος.

Masoretic Text Septuagint
Genesis 18:30-33 (Tanakh) Genesis 18:30-33 (NET) Genesis 18:30-33 (NETS) Genesis 18:30-33 (English Elpenor)
And he said: ‘Oh, let not the L-rd (לַֽאדֹנָי֙) be angry, and I will speak.  Peradventure there shall thirty be found there.’  And He said: ‘I will not do it, if I find thirty there.’ Then Abraham said, “May the Lord (ʼădônây, לאדני) not be angry so that I may speak!  What if thirty are found there?”  He replied, “I will not do it if I find thirty there.” And he said, “Pardon, Lord (κύριε), if I should speak.  But if thirty should be found there?”  And he said, “I will not destroy it, if I find thirty there.” And he said, Will there be anything [against me], Lord (κύριε), if I shall speak? but if there be found there thirty?  And he said, I will not destroy it for the thirty’s sake.
And he said: ‘Behold now, I have taken upon me to speak unto the L-rd (אֲדֹנָ֔י).  Peradventure there shall be twenty found there.’  And He said: ‘I will not destroy it for the twenty’s sake.’ Abraham said, “Since I have undertaken to speak to the Lord (ʼădônây, אדני), what if only twenty are found there?”  He replied, “I will not destroy it for the sake of the twenty.” And he said, “Since I am compelled to speak to the Lord (κύριον)—and if twenty should be found there?”  And he said, “On account of the twenty I will not destroy it.” And he said, Since I am able to speak to the Lord (κύριον), what if there should be found there twenty?  And he said, I will not destroy it, if I should find there twenty.
And he said: ‘Oh, let not the L-rd (לַֽאדֹנָי֙) be angry, and I will speak yet but this once.  Peradventure ten shall be found there.’  And He said: ‘I will not destroy it for the ten’s sake.’ Finally Abraham said, “May the Lord (ʼădônây, לאדני) not be angry so that I may speak just once more.  What if ten are found there?”  He replied, “I will not destroy it for the sake of the ten.” And he said, “Pardon, Lord (κύριε), if I should speak once more.  But if ten should be found there?”  And he said, “On account of the ten I will not destroy it.” And he said, Will there be anything [against me], Lord (κύριε), if I speak yet once? but if there should be found there ten?  And he said, I will not destroy it for the ten’s sake.
And HaShem (יְהֹוָ֔ה) went His way, as soon as He had left off speaking to Abraham; and Abraham returned unto his place. The Lord (yehôvâh, יהוה) went on his way when he had finished speaking to Abraham.  Then Abraham returned home. Then the Lord (κύριος) went away, when he had left off speaking to Abraam, and Abraam returned to his place. And the Lord (Κύριος) departed, when he left off speaking to Abraam, and Abraam returned to his place.

The next occurrence of אֲדֹנַ֗י (ʼâdôn) was translated κύριοι (another form of κύριος).

Masoretic Text Septuagint
Genesis 19:1, 2 (Tanakh) Genesis 19:1, 2 (NET) Genesis 19:1, 2 (NETS) Genesis 19:1, 2 (English Elpenor)
And the two angels came to Sodom at even; and Lot sat in the gate of Sodom; and Lot saw them, and rose up to meet them; and he fell down on his face to the earth; The two angels came to Sodom in the evening while Lot was sitting in the city’s gateway.  When Lot saw them, he got up to meet them and bowed down with his face toward the ground. Now the two angels came to Sodoma at evening, and Lot was sitting beside the gate of Sodoma.  And when Lot saw them he rose to meet them and did obeisance with his face upon the ground AND the two angels came to Sodom at evening.  And Lot sat by the gate of Sodom, and Lot having seen them, rose up to meet them, and he worshipped with his face to the ground, and said,
and he said: ‘Behold now, my lords (אֲדֹנַ֗י), turn aside, I pray you, into your servant’s house, and tarry all night, and wash your feet, and ye shall rise up early, and go on your way.’  And they said: ‘Nay; but we will abide in the broad place all night.’ He said, “Here, my lords (ʼâdôn, אדני), please turn aside to your servant’s house.  Stay the night and wash your feet.  Then you can be on your way early in the morning.”  “No,” they replied, “we’ll spend the night in the town square.” and said, “Here, lords (κύριοι), turn aside to your servant’s house, and find lodging, and wash your feet, and when you have risen early you will depart on your way.”  They, however, said, “No, but we will find lodging in the street.” Lo! [my] lords (κύριοι), turn aside to the house of your servant, and rest from your journey, and wash your feet, and having risen early in the morning ye shall depart on your journey.  And they said, Nay, but we will lodge in the street.

In the next example אֲדֹנָֽי (ʼâdôn) was translated κύριε (another form of κύριος).

Masoretic Text Septuagint
Genesis 19:16-18 (Tanakh) Genesis 19: 16-18 (NET) Genesis 19: 16-18 (NETS) Genesis 19: 16-18 (English Elpenor)
But he lingered; and the men laid hold upon his hand, and upon the hand of his wife, and upon the hand of his two daughters; HaShem (יְהֹוָ֖ה) being merciful unto him.  And they brought him forth, and set him without the city. When Lot hesitated, the men grabbed his hand and the hands of his wife and two daughters because the Lord (yehôvâh, יהוה) had compassion on them.  They led them away and placed them outside the city. And they were confounded, and the angels seized his hand and his wife’s hand and his daughters’ hands, as the Lord (κύριον) spared him. And they were troubled, and the angels laid hold on his hand, and the hand of his wife, and the hands of his two daughters, in that the Lord (Κύριον) spared him.
And it came to pass, when they had brought them forth abroad, that he said: ‘Escape for thy life; look not behind thee, neither stay thou in all the Plain; escape to the mountain, lest thou be swept away.’ When they had brought them outside, they said, “Run for your lives!  Don’t look behind you or stop anywhere in the valley!  Escape to the mountains or you will be destroyed!” And it came about when they had brought them outside, that then they said, “In saving, save your own soul; do not look around backwards or stop in the whole region round about; get safely to the mountain, that you not be included.” And it came to pass when they brought them out, that they said, Save thine own life by all means; look not round to that which is behind, nor stay in all the country round about, escape to the mountain, lest perhaps thou be overtaken together with them.
And Lot said unto them: ‘Oh, not so, my lord (אֲדֹנָֽי); But Lot said to them, “No, please, Lord (ʼâdôn, אדני)! But Lot said to them, “I pray, Lord (κύριε), And Lot said to them, I pray, Lord (κύριε),

The distinction between the homographs אֲדֹנָ֣י (ʼădônây) and אֲדֹנָֽי (ʼâdôn) seems to be a matter of vowel points and context.  I can understand why a religious mind might wish to make this distinction.  I was highly offended that my third grade spelling book presented God as a spelling word.  I still wanted a good grade, so I compromised.  Every time I practiced spelling God (and on the spelling test itself) I drew lines radiating out from His name, like rays of sunlight.  The rabbis who translated the Septuagint don’t seem to have recognized any distinction between אֲדֹנָ֣י (ʼădônây) and אֲדֹנָֽי (ʼâdôn).  So far most occurrences were translated with forms of Κύριος.

Reference Chabad.org NET Strong’s BLB Elpenor
Psalm 110:1 לַֽאדֹנִ֗י לאדני ʼâdôn κυρίῳ Κυρίῳ
Genesis 18:3 אֲדֹנָ֗י אדני ʼădônây κύριε κύριε
Genesis 18:27 אֲדֹנָ֔י אדני ʼădônây κύριον Κύριόν
Genesis 18:30 לַֽאדֹנָי֙ לאדני ʼădônây κύριε κύριε
Genesis 18:31 אֲדֹנָ֔י אדני ʼădônây κύριον κύριον
Genesis 18:32 לַֽאדֹנָי֙ לאדני ʼădônây κύριος Κύριος
Genesis 19:2 אֲדֹנַ֗י אדני ʼâdôn κύριοι κύριοι
Genesis 19:18 אֲדֹנָֽי אדני ʼâdôn κύριε κύριε

The two exceptions occurred when the honorific אֲדֹנָ֤י (ʼădônây) was followed immediately by a form of the Name (יֱהֹוִה֙).

Reference Chabad.org NET Strong’s BLB Elpenor
Genesis 15:2 אֲדֹנָ֤י אדני ʼădônây δέσποτα δέσποτα
Genesis 15:8 אֲדֹנָ֣י אדני ʼădônây δέσποτα Δέσποτα

If this pattern of translation holds I’ll assume that the distinction between אֲדֹנָ֣י (ʼădônây) and אֲדֹנָֽי (ʼâdôn) originated sometime after the Old Testament was translated from Hebrew into Greek.  This study highlights another issue for me.  The superstition regarding the Name (יְהֹוָ֨ה) predates the Greek translation of the Old Testament.  The rabbis didn’t transliterate יְהֹוָ֨ה (yehôvâh) and יֱהֹוִה֙ (yehôvih) into Greek[1] but chose a form of Κύριος more often than not.

Reference Chabad.org NET Strong’s BLB Elpenor
Psalm 110:1 יְהֹוָ֨ה יהוה yehôvâh κύριος Κύριος
Genesis 15:1 יְהֹוָה֙ יהוה yehôvâh κυρίου Κυρίου
Genesis 15:2 יֱהֹוִה֙ יהוה yehôvih -na- Κύριε
Genesis 15:8 יֱהֹוִ֔ה יהוה yehôvih κύριε Κύριε
Genesis 18:26 יְהֹוָ֔ה יהוה yehôvâh κύριος Κύριος
Genesis 18:33 יְהֹוָ֔ה יהוה yehôvâh κύριος Κύριος
Genesis 19:16 יְהֹוָ֖ה יהוה yehôvâh κύριον Κύριον

There were three exceptions:

Reference Chabad.org NET Strong’s BLB Elpenor
Genesis 15:6 בַּֽיהֹוָ֑ה ביהוה yehôvâh θεῷ Θεῷ
Genesis 15:7 יְהֹוָ֗ה יהוה yehôvâh θεὸς Θεὸς
Genesis 18:1 יְהֹוָ֔ה יהוה yehôvâh θεὸς Θεὸς

I intend to become much more familiar with the Greek translation of יְהֹוָ֨ה (yehôvâh) and יֱהֹוִה֙ (yehôvih) in subsequent essays.

Tables comparing Psalm 110:1; Genesis 15:1; 15:2; 15:6; 15:7; 15:8; 18:1; 18:2; 18:3; 18:26; 18:27; 18:30; 18:31; 18:32; 18:33; 19:1; 19:2; 19:16; 19:17 and 19:18 in the Tanakh, KJV and NET; and tables comparing Psalm 110:1 (109:1); Genesis 15:1; 15:2; 15:6; 15:7; 15:8; 18:1; 18:2; 18:3; 18:26; 18:27; 18:30; 18:31; 18:32; 18:33; 19:1; 19:2; 19:16; 19:17 and 19:18 in the BLB and Elpenor versions of the Septuagint follow.

Psalm 110:1 (Tanakh) Psalm 110:1 (KJV) Psalm 110:1 (NET)
The LORD (יְהֹוָ֨ה) said unto my Lord (לַֽאדֹנִ֗י), Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool. A Psalm of David.  The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool. A psalm of David.  Here is the Lord’s (יהוה) proclamation to my lord (לאדני): “Sit down at my right hand until I make your enemies your footstool.”
Psalm 110:1 (Septuagint BLB) Psalm 109:1 (Septuagint Elpenor)
τῷ Δαυιδ ψαλμός εἶπεν ὁ κύριος τῷ κυρίῳ μου κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σου Ψαλμὸς τῷ Δαυΐδ. – ΕΙΠΕΝ ὁ Κύριος τῷ Κυρίῳ μου· κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου, ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σου
Psalm 109:1 (NETS) Psalm 109:1 (English Elpenor)
Pertaining to Dauid.  A Psalm.  The Lord said to my lord, “Sit on my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet.” [A Psalm of David.]  The Lord said to my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool.
Genesis 15:1 (Tanakh) Genesis 15:1 (KJV) Genesis 15:1 (NET)
After these things the word of HaShem came unto Abram in a vision, saying: ‘Fear not, Abram, I am thy shield, thy reward shall be exceeding great.’ After these things the word of the LORD came unto Abram in a vision, saying, Fear not, Abram: I am thy shield, and thy exceeding great reward. After these things the Lord’s message came to Abram in a vision: “Fear not, Abram!  I am your shield and the one who will reward you in great abundance.”
Genesis 15:1 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 15:1 (Septuagint Elpenor)
μετὰ δὲ τὰ ῥήματα ταῦτα ἐγενήθη ῥῆμα κυρίου πρὸς Αβραμ ἐν ὁράματι λέγων μὴ φοβοῦ Αβραμ ἐγὼ ὑπερασπίζω σου ὁ μισθός σου πολὺς ἔσται σφόδρα ΜΕΤΑ δὲ τὰ ρήματα ταῦτα ἐγενήθη ρῆμα Κυρίου πρὸς ῞Αβραμ ἐν ὁράματι, λέγων· μὴ φοβοῦ ῞Αβραμ, ἐγὼ ὑπερασπίζω σου· ὁ μισθός σου πολὺς ἔσται σφόδρα
Genesis 15:1 (NETS) Genesis 15:1 (English Elpenor)
Now after these matters the Lord’s word came to Abram in a vision, saying, “Do not be afraid, Abram; I am shielding you; your reward shall be very great.” AND after these things the word of the Lord came to Abram in a vision, saying, Fear not, Abram, I shield thee, thy reward shall be very great.
Genesis 15:2 (Tanakh) Genesis 15:2 (KJV) Genesis 15:2 (NET)
And Abram said: ‘O L-rd GOD, what wilt Thou give me, seeing I go hence childless, and he that shall be possessor of my house is Eliezer of Damascus?’ And Abram said, Lord GOD, what wilt thou give me, seeing I go childless, and the steward of my house is this Eliezer of Damascus? But Abram said, “O Sovereign Lord, what will you give me since I continue to be childless, and my heir is Eliezer of Damascus?”
Genesis 15:2 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 15:2 (Septuagint Elpenor)
λέγει δὲ Αβραμ δέσποτα τί μοι δώσεις ἐγὼ δὲ ἀπολύομαι ἄτεκνος ὁ δὲ υἱὸς Μασεκ τῆς οἰκογενοῦς μου οὗτος Δαμασκὸς Ελιεζερ λέγει δὲ ῞Αβραμ· δέσποτα Κύριε, τί μοι δώσεις; ἐγὼ δὲ ἀπολύομαι ἄτεκνος· ὁ δὲ υἱὸς Μασὲκ τῆς οἰκογενοῦς μου, οὗτος Δαμασκὸς ᾿Ελιέζερ
Genesis 15:2 (NETS) Genesis 15:2 (English Elpenor)
But Abram was saying, “O Master, what will you give me?  And I, I am going away childless; as for the son of Masek, my female homebred, he is Damascus Eliezer.” And Abram said, Master [and] Lord, what wilt thou give me? whereas I am departing without a child, but the son of Masek my home-born female slave, this Eliezer of Damascus [is mine heir.]
Genesis 15:6 (Tanakh) Genesis 15:6 (KJV) Genesis 15:6 (NET)
And he believed in HaShem; and He counted it to him for righteousness. And he believed in Jehovah; and he reckoned it to him for righteousness. Abram believed the Lord, and the Lord credited it as righteousness to him.
Genesis 15:6 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 15:6 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐπίστευσεν Αβραμ τῷ θεῷ καὶ ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην καὶ ἐπίστευσεν ῞Αβραμ τῷ Θεῷ, καὶ ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην
Genesis 15:6 (NETS) Genesis 15:6 (English Elpenor)
And Abram believed God, and it was reckoned to him as righteousness. And Abram believed God, and it was counted to him for righteousness.
Genesis 15:7 (Tanakh) Genesis 15:7 (KJV) Genesis 15:7 (NET)
And He said unto him: ‘I am HaShem that brought thee out of Ur of the Chaldees, to give thee this land to inherit it.’ And he said unto him, I am the LORD that brought thee out of Ur of the Chaldees, to give thee this land to inherit it. The Lord said to him, “I am the Lord who brought you out from Ur of the Chaldeans to give you this land to possess.”
Genesis 15:7 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 15:7 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ πρὸς αὐτόν ἐγὼ ὁ θεὸς ὁ ἐξαγαγών σε ἐκ χώρας Χαλδαίων ὥστε δοῦναί σοι τὴν γῆν ταύτην κληρονομῆσαι εἶπε δὲ πρὸς αὐτόν· ἐγὼ ὁ Θεὸς ὁ ἐξαγαγών σε ἐκ χώρας Χαλδαίων, ὥστε δοῦναί σοι τὴν γῆν ταύτην κληρονομῆσαι
Genesis 15:7 (NETS) Genesis 15:7 (English Elpenor)
Then he said to him, “I am the God who brought you out of the country of the Chaldeans so as to give you this land to possess.” And he said to him, I am God that brought thee out of the land of the Chaldeans, so as to give thee this land to inherit.
Genesis 15:8 (Tanakh) Genesis 15:8 (KJV) Genesis 15:8 (NET)
And he said: ‘O L-rd GOD, whereby shall I know that I shall inherit it?’ And he said, Lord GOD, whereby shall I know that I shall inherit it? But Abram said, “O Sovereign Lord, by what can I know that I am to possess it?”
Genesis 15:8 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 15:8 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δέ δέσποτα κύριε κατὰ τί γνώσομαι ὅτι κληρονομήσω αὐτήν εἶπε δέ, Δέσποτα Κύριε, κατὰ τί γνώσομαι ὅτι κληρονομήσω αὐτήν
Genesis 15:8 (NETS) Genesis 15:8 (English Elpenor)
But he said, “O Master, Lord, how shall I know that I shall possess it?” And he said, Master [and] Lord, how shall I know that I shall inherit it?
Genesis 18:1 (Tanakh) Genesis 18:1 (KJV) Genesis 18:1 (NET)
And HaShem appeared unto him by the terebinths of Mamre, as he sat in the tent door in the heat of the day; And the LORD appeared unto him in the plains of Mamre: and he sat in the tent door in the heat of the day; The Lord appeared to Abraham by the oaks of Mamre while he was sitting at the entrance to his tent during the hottest time of the day.
Genesis 18:1 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 18:1 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ὤφθη δὲ αὐτῷ ὁ θεὸς πρὸς τῇ δρυὶ τῇ Μαμβρη καθημένου αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τῆς θύρας τῆς σκηνῆς αὐτοῦ μεσημβρίας ΩΦΘΗ δὲ αὐτῷ ὁ Θεὸς πρὸς τῇ δρυΐ τῇ Μαμβρῇ, καθημένου αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τῆς θύρας τῆς σκηνῆς αὐτοῦ μεσημβρίας
Genesis 18:1 (NETS) Genesis 18:1 (English Elpenor)
Now God appeared to him near the oak of Mambre, while he was sitting at the door of his tent midday. AND God appeared to him by the oak of Mambre, as he sat by the door of his tent at noon.
Genesis 18:2 (Tanakh) Genesis 18:2 (KJV) Genesis 18:2 (NET)
and he lifted up his eyes and looked, and, lo, three men stood over against him; and when he saw them, he ran to meet them from the tent door, and bowed down to the earth, And he lift up his eyes and looked, and, lo, three men stood by him: and when he saw them, he ran to meet them from the tent door, and bowed himself toward the ground, Abraham looked up and saw three men standing across from him. When he saw them he ran from the entrance of the tent to meet them and bowed low to the ground.
Genesis 18:2 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 18:2 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἀναβλέψας δὲ τοῗς ὀφθαλμοῗς αὐτοῦ εἶδεν καὶ ἰδοὺ τρεῗς ἄνδρες εἱστήκεισαν ἐπάνω αὐτοῦ καὶ ἰδὼν προσέδραμεν εἰς συνάντησιν αὐτοῗς ἀπὸ τῆς θύρας τῆς σκηνῆς αὐτοῦ καὶ προσεκύνησεν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν ἀναβλέψας δὲ τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς αὐτοῦ εἶδε, καὶ ἰδοὺ τρεῖς ἄνδρες εἱστήκεισαν ἐπάνω αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἰδὼν προσέδραμεν εἰς συνάντησιν αὐτοῖς ἀπὸ τῆς θύρας τῆς σκηνῆς αὐτοῦ καὶ προσεκύνησεν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν
Genesis 18:2 (NETS) Genesis 18:2 (English Elpenor)
And looking up with his eyes he saw, and see, three men stood over him.  And when he saw them, he ran forward from his tent door to meet them and did obeisance upon the ground And he lifted up his eyes and beheld, and lo! three men stood before him; and having seen them he ran to meet them from the door of his tent, and did obeisance to the ground.
Genesis 18:3 (Tanakh) Genesis 18:3 (KJV) Genesis 18:3 (NET)
and said: ‘My lord, if now I have found favour in thy sight, pass not away, I pray thee, from thy servant. And said, My Lord, if now I have found favour in thy sight, pass not away, I pray thee, from thy servant: He said, “My lord, if I have found favor in your sight, do not pass by and leave your servant.
Genesis 18:3 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 18:3 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν κύριε εἰ ἄρα εὗρον χάριν ἐναντίον σου μὴ παρέλθῃς τὸν παῗδά σου καὶ εἶπε· κύριε, εἰ ἄρα εὗρον χάριν ἐναντίον σου, μὴ παρέλθῃς τὸν παῖδά σου
Genesis 18:3 (NETS) Genesis 18:3 (English Elpenor)
and said, “Lord, if perchance have found favor before you, do not pass by your servant. And he said, Lord, if indeed I have found grace in thy sight, pass not by thy servant.
Genesis 18:26 (Tanakh) Genesis 18:26 (KJV) Genesis 18:26 (NET)
And HaShem said: ‘If I find in Sodom fifty righteous within the city, then I will forgive all the place for their sake.’ And the LORD said, If I find in Sodom fifty righteous within the city, then I will spare all the place for their sakes. So the Lord replied, “If I find in the city of Sodom fifty godly people, I will spare the whole place for their sake.”
Genesis 18:26 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 18:26 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ κύριος ἐὰν εὕρω ἐν Σοδομοις πεντήκοντα δικαίους ἐν τῇ πόλει ἀφήσω πάντα τὸν τόπον δι᾽ αὐτούς εἶπε δὲ Κύριος· ἐὰν ὦσιν ἐν Σοδόμοις πεντήκοντα δίκαιοι ἐν τῇ πόλει, ἀφήσω ὅλην τὴν πόλιν καὶ πάντα τὸν τόπον δι᾿ αὐτούς
Genesis 18:26 (NETS) Genesis 18:26 (English Elpenor)
Then the Lord said, “If I find in Sodoma fifty righteous in the city, I will forgive the whole place for their sake.” And the Lord said, If there should be in Sodom fifty righteous in the city, I will spare the whole city, and the whole place for their sakes.
Genesis 18:27 (Tanakh) Genesis 18:27 (KJV) Genesis 18:27 (NET)
And Abraham answered and said: ‘Behold now, I have taken upon me to speak unto the L-rd, who am but dust and ashes. And Abraham answered and said, Behold now, I have taken upon me to speak unto the Lord, which am but dust and ashes: Then Abraham asked, “Since I have undertaken to speak to the Lord (although I am but dust and ashes),
Genesis 18:27 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 18:27 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς Αβρααμ εἶπεν νῦν ἠρξάμην λαλῆσαι πρὸς τὸν κύριον ἐγὼ δέ εἰμι γῆ καὶ σποδός καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς ῾Αβραὰμ εἶπε· νῦν ἠρξάμην λαλῆσαι πρὸς τὸν Κύριόν μου, ἐγὼ δέ εἰμι γῆ καὶ σποδός
Genesis 18:27 (NETS) Genesis 18:27 (English Elpenor)
And Abraam said in reply, “Now I have begun to speak to the Lord, though I am earth and ashes. And Abraam answered and said, Now I have begun to speak to my Lord, and I am earth and ashes.
Genesis 18:30 (Tanakh) Genesis 18:30 (KJV) Genesis 18:30 (NET)
And he said: ‘Oh, let not the L-rd be angry, and I will speak.  Peradventure there shall thirty be found there.’  And He said: ‘I will not do it, if I find thirty there.’ And he said unto him, Oh let not the Lord be angry, and I will speak: Peradventure there shall thirty be found there.  And he said, I will not do it, if I find thirty there. Then Abraham said, “May the Lord not be angry so that I may speak! What if thirty are found there?” He replied, “I will not do it if I find thirty there.”
Genesis 18:30 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 18:30 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν μή τι κύριε ἐὰν λαλήσω ἐὰν δὲ εὑρεθῶσιν ἐκεῗ τριάκοντα καὶ εἶπεν οὐ μὴ ἀπολέσω ἐὰν εὕρω ἐκεῗ τριάκοντα καὶ εἶπε· μή τι κύριε, ἐὰν λαλήσω; ἐὰν δὲ εὑρεθῶσιν ἐκεῖ τριάκοντα; καὶ εἶπεν· οὐ μὴ ἀπολέσω ἕνεκεν τῶν τριάκοντα
Genesis 18:30 (NETS) Genesis 18:30 (English Elpenor)
And he said, “Pardon, Lord, if I should speak.  But if thirty should be found there?”  And he said, “I will not destroy it, if I find thirty there.” And he said, Will there be anything [against me], Lord, if I shall speak? but if there be found there thirty?  And he said, I will not destroy it for the thirty’s sake.
Genesis 18:31 (Tanakh) Genesis 18:31 (KJV) Genesis 18:31 (NET)
And he said: ‘Behold now, I have taken upon me to speak unto the L-rd.  Peradventure there shall be twenty found there.’  And He said: ‘I will not destroy it for the twenty’s sake.’ And he said, Behold now, I have taken upon me to speak unto the Lord: Peradventure there shall be twenty found there.  And he said, I will not destroy it for twenty’s sake. Abraham said, “Since I have undertaken to speak to the Lord, what if only twenty are found there?”  He replied, “I will not destroy it for the sake of the twenty.”
Genesis 18:31 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 18:31 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν ἐπειδὴ ἔχω λαλῆσαι πρὸς τὸν κύριον ἐὰν δὲ εὑρεθῶσιν ἐκεῗ εἴκοσι καὶ εἶπεν οὐ μὴ ἀπολέσω ἕνεκεν τῶν εἴκοσι καὶ εἶπεν· ἐπειδὴ ἔχω λαλῆσαι πρὸς τὸν κύριον· ἐὰν δὲ εὑρεθῶσιν ἐκεῖ εἴκοσι; καὶ εἶπεν· οὐ μὴ ἀπολέσω, ἐὰν εὕρω ἐκεῖ εἴκοσι
Genesis 18:31 (NETS) Genesis 18:31 (English Elpenor)
And he said, “Since I am compelled to speak to the Lord—and if twenty should be found there?”  And he said, “On account of the twenty I will not destroy it.” And he said, Since I am able to speak to the Lord, what if there should be found there twenty?  And he said, I will not destroy it, if I should find there twenty.
Genesis 18:32 (Tanakh) Genesis 18:32 (KJV) Genesis 18:32 (NET)
And he said: ‘Oh, let not the L-rd be angry, and I will speak yet but this once.  Peradventure ten shall be found there.’  And He said: ‘I will not destroy it for the ten’s sake.’ And he said, Oh let not the Lord be angry, and I will speak yet but this once: Peradventure ten shall be found there.  And he said, I will not destroy it for ten’s sake. Finally Abraham said, “May the Lord not be angry so that I may speak just once more.  What if ten are found there?”  He replied, “I will not destroy it for the sake of the ten.”
Genesis 18:32 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 18:32 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν μή τι κύριε ἐὰν λαλήσω ἔτι ἅπαξ ἐὰν δὲ εὑρεθῶσιν ἐκεῗ δέκα καὶ εἶπεν οὐ μὴ ἀπολέσω ἕνεκεν τῶν δέκα καὶ εἶπε· μήτι κύριε, ἐὰν λαλήσω ἔτι ἅπαξ· ἐὰν δὲ εὑρεθῶσιν ἐκεῖ δέκα; καὶ εἶπεν· οὐ μὴ ἀπολέσω ἕνεκεν τῶν δέκα
Genesis 18:32 (NETS) Genesis 18:32 (English Elpenor)
And he said, “Pardon, Lord, if I should speak once more.  But if ten should be found there?”  And he said, “On account of the ten I will not destroy it.” And he said, Will there be anything [against me], Lord, if I speak yet once? but if there should be found there ten?  And he said, I will not destroy it for the ten’s sake.
Genesis 18:33 (Tanakh) Genesis 18:33 (KJV) Genesis 18:33 (NET)
And HaShem went His way, as soon as He had left off speaking to Abraham; and Abraham returned unto his place. And the LORD went his way, as soon as he had left communing with Abraham: and Abraham returned unto his place. The Lord went on his way when he had finished speaking to Abraham. Then Abraham returned home.
Genesis 18:33 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 18:33 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἀπῆλθεν δὲ κύριος ὡς ἐπαύσατο λαλῶν τῷ Αβρααμ καὶ Αβρααμ ἀπέστρεψεν εἰς τὸν τόπον αὐτοῦ ἀπῆλθε δὲ Κύριος, ὡς ἐπαύσατο λαλῶν τῷ ῾Αβραάμ, καὶ ῾Αβραὰμ ἀπέστρεψεν εἰς τὸν τόπον αὐτοῦ
Genesis 18:33 (NETS) Genesis 18:33 (English Elpenor)
Then the Lord went away, when he had left off speaking to Abraam, and Abraam returned to his place. And the Lord departed, when he left off speaking to Abraam, and Abraam returned to his place.
Genesis 19:1 (Tanakh) Genesis 19:1 (KJV) Genesis 19:1 (NET)
And the two angels came to Sodom at even; and Lot sat in the gate of Sodom; and Lot saw them, and rose up to meet them; and he fell down on his face to the earth; And there came two angels to Sodom at even; and Lot sat in the gate of Sodom: and Lot seeing them rose up to meet them; and he bowed himself with his face toward the ground; The two angels came to Sodom in the evening while Lot was sitting in the city’s gateway.  When Lot saw them, he got up to meet them and bowed down with his face toward the ground.
Genesis 19:1 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 19:1 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἦλθον δὲ οἱ δύο ἄγγελοι εἰς Σοδομα ἑσπέρας Λωτ δὲ ἐκάθητο παρὰ τὴν πύλην Σοδομων ἰδὼν δὲ Λωτ ἐξανέστη εἰς συνάντησιν αὐτοῗς καὶ προσεκύνησεν τῷ προσώπῳ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν ΗΛΘΟΝ δὲ οἱ δύο ἄγγελοι εἰς Σόδομα ἑσπέρας· Λὼτ δὲ ἐκάθητο παρὰ τὴν πύλην Σοδόμων. ἰδὼν δὲ Λώτ, ἐξανέστη εἰς συνάντησιν αὐτοῖς καὶ προσεκύνησε τῷ προσώπῳ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν
Genesis 19:1 (NETS) Genesis 19:1 (English Elpenor)
Now the two angels came to Sodoma at evening, and Lot was sitting beside the gate of Sodoma.  And when Lot saw them he rose to meet them and did obeisance with his face upon the ground AND the two angels came to Sodom at evening.  And Lot sat by the gate of Sodom, and Lot having seen them, rose up to meet them, and he worshipped with his face to the ground, and said,
Genesis 19:2 (Tanakh) Genesis 19:2 (KJV) Genesis 19:2 (NET)
and he said: ‘Behold now, my lords, turn aside, I pray you, into your servant’s house, and tarry all night, and wash your feet, and ye shall rise up early, and go on your way.’  And they said: ‘Nay; but we will abide in the broad place all night.’ And he said, Behold now, my lords, turn in, I pray you, into your servant’s house, and tarry all night, and wash your feet, and ye shall rise up early, and go on your ways.  And they said, Nay; but we will abide in the street all night. He said, “Here, my lords, please turn aside to your servant’s house. Stay the night and wash your feet.  Then you can be on your way early in the morning.”  “No,” they replied, “we’ll spend the night in the town square.”
Genesis 19:2 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 19:2 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν ἰδού κύριοι ἐκκλίνατε εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ παιδὸς ὑμῶν καὶ καταλύσατε καὶ νίψασθε τοὺς πόδας ὑμῶν καὶ ὀρθρίσαντες ἀπελεύσεσθε εἰς τὴν ὁδὸν ὑμῶν εἶπαν δέ οὐχί ἀλλ᾽ ἐν τῇ πλατείᾳ καταλύσομεν καὶ εἶπεν· ἰδοὺ κύριοι, ἐκκλίνατε εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ παιδὸς ὑμῶν καὶ καταλύσατε καὶ νίψασθε τοὺς πόδας ὑμῶν, καὶ ὀρθρίσαντες ἀπελεύσεσθε εἰς τὴν ὁδὸν ὑμῶν. καὶ εἶπαν· οὐχί, ἀλλ᾿ ἐν τῇ πλατείᾳ καταλύσομεν
Genesis 19:2 (NETS) Genesis 19:1b, 2 (English Elpenor)
and said, “Here, lords, turn aside to your servant’s house, and find lodging, and wash your feet, and when you have risen early you will depart on your way.”  They, however, said, “No, but we will find lodging in the street.” and said, (2) Lo! [my] lords, turn aside to the house of your servant, and rest from your journey, and wash your feet, and having risen early in the morning ye shall depart on your journey.  And they said, Nay, but we will lodge in the street.
Genesis 19:16 (Tanakh) Genesis 19:16 (KJV) Genesis 19:16 (NET)
But he lingered; and the men laid hold upon his hand, and upon the hand of his wife, and upon the hand of his two daughters; HaShem being merciful unto him.  And they brought him forth, and set him without the city. And while he lingered, the men laid hold upon his hand, and upon the hand of his wife, and upon the hand of his two daughters; the LORD being merciful unto him: and they brought him forth, and set him without the city. When Lot hesitated, the men grabbed his hand and the hands of his wife and two daughters because the Lord had compassion on them.  They led them away and placed them outside the city.
Genesis 19:16 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 19:16 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐταράχθησαν καὶ ἐκράτησαν οἱ ἄγγελοι τῆς χειρὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ τῆς χειρὸς τῆς γυναικὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ τῶν χειρῶν τῶν δύο θυγατέρων αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ φείσασθαι κύριον αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐταράχθησαν· καὶ ἐκράτησαν οἱ ἄγγελοι τῆς χειρὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ τῆς χειρὸς τῆς γυναικὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ τῶν χειρῶν τῶν δύο θυγατέρων αὐτοῦ, ἐν τῷ φείσασθαι Κύριον αὐτοῦ
Genesis 19:16 (NETS) Genesis 19:16 (English Elpenor)
And they were confounded, and the angels seized his hand and his wife’s hand and his daughters’ hands, as the Lord spared him. And they were troubled, and the angels laid hold on his hand, and the hand of his wife, and the hands of his two daughters, in that the Lord spared him.
Genesis 19:17 (Tanakh) Genesis 19:17 (KJV) Genesis 19:17 (NET)
And it came to pass, when they had brought them forth abroad, that he said: ‘Escape for thy life; look not behind thee, neither stay thou in all the Plain; escape to the mountain, lest thou be swept away.’ And it came to pass, when they had brought them forth abroad, that he said, Escape for thy life; look not behind thee, neither stay thou in all the plain; escape to the mountain, lest thou be consumed. When they had brought them outside, they said, “Run for your lives!  Don’t look behind you or stop anywhere in the valley!  Escape to the mountains or you will be destroyed!”
Genesis 19:17 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 19:17 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐγένετο ἡνίκα ἐξήγαγον αὐτοὺς ἔξω καὶ εἶπαν σῴζων σῷζε τὴν σεαυτοῦ ψυχήν μὴ περιβλέψῃς εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω μηδὲ στῇς ἐν πάσῃ τῇ περιχώρῳ εἰς τὸ ὄρος σῴζου μήποτε συμπαραλημφθῇς καὶ ἐγένετο, ἡνίκα ἐξήγαγον αὐτοὺς ἔξω καὶ εἶπαν· σῴζων σῷζε τὴν σεαυτοῦ ψυχήν· μὴ περιβλέψῃ εἰς τὰ ὀπίσω, μηδὲ στῇς ἐν πάσῃ τῇ περιχώρῳ· εἰς τὸ ὄρος σῴζου, μήποτε συμπαραληφθῇς
Genesis 19:17 (NETS) Genesis 19:17 (English Elpenor)
And it came about when they had brought them outside, that then they said, “In saving, save your own soul; do not look around backwards or stop in the whole region round about; get safely to the mountain, that you not be included.” And it came to pass when they brought them out, that they said, Save thine own life by all means; look not round to that which is behind, nor stay in all the country round about, escape to the mountain, lest perhaps thou be overtaken together with them.
Genesis 19:18 (Tanakh) Genesis 19:18 (KJV) Genesis 19:18 (NET)
And Lot said unto them: ‘Oh, not so, my lord; And Lot said unto them, Oh, not so, my Lord: But Lot said to them, “No, please, Lord!
Genesis 19:18 (Septuagint BLB) Genesis 19:18 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ Λωτ πρὸς αὐτούς δέομαι κύριε εἶπε δὲ Λὼτ πρὸς αὐτούς· δέομαι κύριε
Genesis 19:18 (NETS) Genesis 19:18 (English Elpenor)
But Lot said to them, “I pray, Lord, And Lot said to them, I pray, Lord,

[1] Two examples of יֱהֹוִה֙ (yehôvih) translated Κύριε cannot establish a meaningful pattern that יֱהֹוִה֙ (yehôvih) was not recognized as distinctly different from יְהֹוָ֨ה (yehôvâh) by the rabbis who translated the Old Testament, but neither do they invalidate that assumption.

Father, Son and Holy Spirit – Part 1

I am more or less willing to be a polytheist.  Trinitarianism gives me a headache.  I’m not quite sure how anyone deduced monotheism from, HEAR, O ISRAEL: THE HaShem (yehôvâh, יהוה) OUR GOD (ʼĕlôhı̂ym, אלהינו), THE HaShem (yehôvâh, יהוה) IS ONE[1] anyway.  The Hebrew word אלהינו (ʼĕlôhı̂ym), as I understand it, is a plural noun treated as a singular (i.e., the Gods is).

If the oneness of the אלהינו (ʼĕlôhı̂ym) meant that they were not warring among themselves, constantly working at cross-purposes like the gods of the pagan myths, then trinitarianism would be an unnecessary complication.  But the impact the quotation of Psalm 110:1 in Hebrews had on me as I read it this time compels me to consider something much closer to trinitarianism than polytheism: The LORD (yehôvâh, יהוה) said unto my Lord (ʼâdôn, לאדני), Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool.[2]

But when this priest[3] had offered one sacrifice for sins for all time, the anonymous author of Hebrews wrote, he sat down at the right hand of God, where he is now waiting until his enemies are made a footstool for his feet.[4]  This made it obvious that the resurrected and ascended Jesus was signified by לאדני (ʼâdôn) in Psalm 110:1, not יהוה (yehôvâh).  As a Bible-believing polytheist I would be forced to accept that Jesus is not יהוה (yehôvâh) according to this Psalm.

The insight that Jesus is יהוה (yehôvâh) come in human flesh has revolutionized my thinking about, not to mention my feeling for, יהוה (yehôvâh).  I won’t give it up easily.  If I can believe, for instance, that the him in Yet it pleased the LORD (yehôvâh, ויהוה) to bruise him[5] was effectively Himself, it presages Jesus’ own words: I lay down my life, so that I may take it back again.  No one takes it away from me, but I lay it down of my own free will.[6]  If, however, I must believe that him was someone else יהוה (yehôvâh) abused, an only begotten Son in fact, and He wants to treat me as a son…well, those are fighting words.

As I think of it now, for foolish Gentiles to see one like the Son of man [returning] with the clouds of heaven[7] and then follow their desperate leaders in a short-lived insurrection will require a hardening much like the hardening that fortified religious minds in Jerusalem to seek the death of a man who healed the sick and raised the dead.  So rather than be hardened by a simplistic polytheism I plan to endure the headache of something more like trinitarianism.

The first occurrence of ואדני (ʼâdôn) in Genesis was from the lips of Sarah: After I am worn out will I have pleasure, especially when my husband is old too?[8]  Husband (ʼâdôn, ואדני) was lord in the Tanakh and κύριός in the Septuagint.  Peter made much of this single occurrence of ʼâdôn (1 Peter 3:5, 6 NET):

For in the same way the holy women who hoped in[9] God[10] long ago adorned themselves by being subject to their husbands, like Sarah who obeyed Abraham, calling him lord (κύριον, a form of κύριος).  You become her children when you do what is good and have no fear in doing so.

Surely the relevant relationship in Sarah’s mind as she laughed, contemplated, probably doubted the possibility of having her first child in her old age was that of husband as the NET translators suggested.  Turn, O backsliding children, saith the LORD; for I am married unto you: and I will take you one of a city, and two of a family, and I will bring you to Zion: And I will give you pastors according to mine heart, which shall feed you with knowledge and understanding.[11]

The Hebrew word translated LORD here was יהוה (yehôvâh), κύριος in Greek in the Septuagint.  The Hebrew word translated for I am married was בעלתי (bâʽal).  Like אדני (ʼâdôn) בעלתי (bâʽal) can mean master.  This is what the rabbis keyed on when they chose κατακυριεύσω (a form of κατακυριεύω) to translate בעלתי (bâʽal) into Greek.  But Jesus called them and said, “You know that the rulers of the Gentiles lord it over (κατακυριεύουσιν, another form of κατακυριεύω) them, and those in high positions use their authority over them.  It[12] must not be this way among you!”[13]  In fact, the man who beat [some Jewish exorcists] into submission[14] (κατακυριεύσας, another form of κατακυριεύω)…was possessed by [an] evil spirit,[15] not the Spirit of God.

I think the translators of the Tanakh keyed on the relevant relationship the Holy Spirit intended, for later the same passage reads: Surely as a wife treacherously departeth from her husband, so have ye dealt treacherously with me, O house of Israel, saith the LORD.[16]  Again, LORD was the translation of יהוה (yehôvâh), κύριος in the Septuagint.  The word translated husband was מרעה (rêaʽ).  It was translated συνόντα (a form of σύνειμι) by the rabbis in the Septuagint (Luke 9:18-22 NET).

Once when Jesus was praying by himself, and his disciples were nearby (συνῆσαν, another form of σύνειμι), he asked them, “Who do the crowds say that I am?”  They answered,[17] “John the Baptist; others say Elijah; and still others that one of the prophets of long ago has risen.”  Then he said to them, “But who do you say that I am?”  Peter[18] answered, “The Christ of God.”  But he forcefully commanded them not to tell[19] this to anyone, saying, “The Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, chief priests, and experts in the law, and be killed, and on the third day be raised.”[20]

The LORD was determined to do good (Jeremiah 3:16-18) to Israel but questioned how since they had treacherously departed from Him: But I said, How shall I put thee among the children, and give thee a pleasant land, a goodly heritage of the hosts of nations? [21]  Jesus explained His answer—and I said, Thou shalt call me, My father; and shalt not turn away from me[22]—to Nicodemus (John 3:5-7 NET).

I tell you the solemn truth, unless a person is born of water and spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God.  What is born of the flesh is flesh, and what is born of the Spirit is spirit.  Do not be amazed that I said to you, “You must all be born from above.”

So, how is one born from above?  Receive Jesus.  Actually, him in to all who have received him referred back to the Word.  I was among the slowest of the slow to realize that the Word was Jesus.  Here is John’s description of Jesus as the Word of God (John 1:1-5, 10-13 NET):

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was fully God.  The Word was with God in the beginning.  All things were created by him, and apart from him not one thing was created that has been created.  In him was life, and the life was the light of mankind.  And the light shines on in the darkness, but the darkness has not mastered it…

He was in the world, and the world was created by him, but the world did not recognize him.  He came to what was his own, but his own people did not receive him.  But to all who have received him – those who believe in his name – he has given the right to become God’s children – children not born by human parents or by human desire or a husband’s decision, but by God.

So, how does the right (John 8:40-45) to become God’s children, the fact that Thou shalt call [Him], My father ensure that thou shalt not turn away from him?  Therefore, Peter concluded his first Gospel proclamation, let all the house of Israel know beyond a doubt that God has made this Jesus whom you crucified both Lord and Christ[23] (Acts 2:37, 38 NET).

Now when they heard this, they were acutely distressed and said to Peter and the rest of the apostles, “What should we do, brothers?”  Peter said to them, “Repent, and each one of you be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.

We know that everyone fathered by God does not sin, John wrote those who had received Jesus, but God protects the one he has fathered, and the evil one cannot touch him.  We know that we are from God, and the whole world lies in the power of the evil one.  And we know that the Son of God has come and has given us insight to know him who is true, and we are in him who is true, in his Son Jesus Christ. This one is the true God and eternal life.[24]

So then, brothers and sisters, Paul wrote to those in Rome who believed that God has made this Jesus whom [they] crucified both Lord and Christ, who had repented and been baptized in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of [their] sins, we are under obligation, not to the flesh, to live according to the flesh (for if you live according to the flesh, you will die), but if by the Spirit you put to death the deeds of the body you will live.  For all who are led by the Spirit of God are the sons of God.  For you did not receive the spirit of slavery leading again to fear, but you received the Spirit of adoption, by whom we cry, “Abba, Father.”[25]

This explains why the ark of the covenant of the Lord will no longer come to mind (Jeremiah 3:16-18 Tanakh):

And it shall come to pass, when ye be multiplied and increased in the land, in those days, saith the LORD, they shall say no more, The ark of the covenant of the LORD: neither shall it come to mind: neither shall they remember it; neither shall they visit it; neither shall that be done any more.

At that time they shall call Jerusalem the throne of the LORD; and all the nations shall be gathered unto it, to the name of the LORD, to Jerusalem: neither shall they walk any more after the imagination of their evil heart.  In those days the house of Judah shall walk with the house of Israel, and they shall come together out of the land of the north to the land that I have given for an inheritance unto your fathers.

Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel, and with the house of Judah: Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt; which my covenant they brake, although I was an husband unto them, saith the LORD:[26]

Here again, husband was בעלתי (bâʽal) and LORD was יהוה (yehôvâh) in the Hebrew (Masoretic text), but the rabbis chose ἠμέλησα (a form of ἀμελέω) in the Septuagint.  The author of Hebrews quoted it (Hebrews 8:9 NET):

It will not be like the covenant that I made with their fathers, on the day when I took them by the hand to lead them out of Egypt, because they did not continue in my covenant and I had no regard (ἠμέλησα, a form of ἀμελέω) for them, says the Lord.

The NET parallel Greek text, Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text were identical here.

Hebrews 8:9 (NET Parallel Greek) Hebrews 8:9 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)

Hebrews 8:9 (Byzantine Majority Text)

οὐ κατὰ τὴν διαθήκην, ἣν ἐποίησα τοῖς πατράσιν αὐτῶν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ἐπιλαβομένου μου τῆς χειρὸς αὐτῶν ἐξαγαγεῖν αὐτοὺς ἐκ γῆς Ἀιγύπτου, ὅτι αὐτοὶ οὐκ ἐνέμειναν ἐν τῇ διαθήκῃ μου, καγὼ ἠμέλησα αὐτῶν, λέγει κύριος ου κατα την διαθηκην ην εποιησα τοις πατρασιν αυτων εν ημερα επιλαβομενου μου της χειρος αυτων εξαγαγειν αυτους εκ γης αιγυπτου οτι αυτοι ουκ ενεμειναν εν τη διαθηκη μου καγω ημελησα αυτων λεγει κυριος ου κατα την διαθηκην ην εποιησα τοις πατρασιν αυτων εν ημερα επιλαβομενου μου της χειρος αυτων εξαγαγειν αυτους εκ γης αιγυπτου οτι αυτοι ουκ ενεμειναν εν τη διαθηκη μου καγω ημελησα αυτων λεγει κυριος

There were three relatively insignificant differences compared to the BLB and Elpenor versions of the Septuagint.

Hebrews 8:9 (NET Parallel Greek)

Jeremiah 31:32 (Septuagint BLB)

Jeremiah 38:32 (Septuagint Elpenor)

οὐ κατὰ τὴν διαθήκην, ἣν ἐποίησα τοῖς πατράσιν αὐτῶν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ἐπιλαβομένου μου τῆς χειρὸς αὐτῶν ἐξαγαγεῖν αὐτοὺς ἐκ γῆς Ἀιγύπτου, ὅτι αὐτοὶ οὐκ ἐνέμειναν ἐν τῇ διαθήκῃ μου, καγὼ ἠμέλησα αὐτῶν, λέγει κύριος οὐ κατὰ τὴν διαθήκην ἣν διεθέμην τοῖς πατράσιν αὐτῶν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ἐπιλαβομένου μου τῆς χειρὸς αὐτῶν ἐξαγαγεῖν αὐτοὺς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου ὅτι αὐτοὶ οὐκ ἐνέμειναν ἐν τῇ διαθήκῃ μου καὶ ἐγὼ ἠμέλησα αὐτῶν φησὶν κύριος οὐ κατὰ τὴν διαθήκην, ἣν διεθέμην τοῖς πατράσιν αὐτῶν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ἐπιλαβομένου μου τῆς χειρὸς αὐτῶν ἐξαγαγεῖν αὐτοὺς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου, ὅτι αὐτοὶ οὐκ ἐνέμειναν ἐν τῇ διαθήκῃ μου, καὶ ἐγὼ ἠμέλησα αὐτῶν, φησὶ Κύριος

If בעלתי (bâʽal) was not original in Jeremiah 31:32, it was found in Isaiah, though again it was translated κύριος (Lord) in the Septuagint (Isaiah 54:4-7 Tanakh):

Fear not; for thou shalt not be ashamed: neither be thou confounded; for thou shalt not be put to shame: for thou shalt forget the shame of thy youth, and shalt not remember the reproach of thy widowhood any more.  For thy Maker is thine husband (bâʽal, בעליך); the LORD (yehôvâh, יהוה) of hosts is his name; and thy Redeemer the Holy One of Israel; The God of the whole earth shall he be called.  For the LORD (yehôvâh, יהוה) hath called thee as a woman forsaken and grieved in spirit, and a wife of youth, when thou wast refused, saith thy God.  For a small moment have I forsaken thee; but with great mercies will I gather thee.

Therefore, behold, I will allure her, and bring her into the wilderness, and speak comfortably unto her.  And I will give her her vineyards from thence, and the valley of Achor for a door of hope: and she shall sing there, as in the days of her youth, and as in the day when she came up out of the land of Egypt.  And it shall be at that day, saith the LORD (yehôvâh, יהוה), that thou shalt call me Ishi; and shalt call me no more Baali (baʽălı̂y, בעלי).  For I will take away the names of Baalim (baʽal, הבעלים) out of her mouth, and they shall no more be remembered by their name.[27]

Here the Hebrew word אישי (ʼı̂ysh) was transliterated as a proper name Ishi (also in the KJV).  The rabbis translated it ἀνήρ in the SeptuagintAnd the man (ʼâdâm, האדם; Septuagint: Αδαμ) said: ‘This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh; she shall be called Woman, because she was taken out of Man (ʼı̂ysh, מאיש; Septuagint: ἀνδρὸς, a form of ἀνήρ).’  Therefore shall a man (ʼı̂ysh, איש; Septuagint: ἄνθρωπος) leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife, and they shall be one flesh [Table].[28]  Most English Bibles that translate rather than transliterate Ishi render it my husband, including the New English Translation of the Septuagint.

Matthew (9:15), Mark (2:19, 20) and Luke (5:34, 35) all recounted Jesus reference to Himself as the bridegroom (νυμφίος).  John (3:25-30) recalled that John the Baptist also called Jesus the bridegroom.  The prophet Hosea continued quoting yehôvâh (Hosea 2:18-23 Tanakh):

And in that day will I make a covenant for them with the beasts of the field and with the fowls of heaven, and with the creeping things of the ground: and I will break the bow and the sword and the battle out of the earth, and will make them to lie down safely.  And I will betroth (ʼâraś, וארשׁתיך; Septuagint: μνηστεύσομαί, a form of μνηστεύω) thee unto me for ever; yea, I will betroth (ʼâraś, וארשׁתיך; Septuagint: μνηστεύσομαί, a form of μνηστεύω) thee unto me in righteousness, and in judgment, and in lovingkindness, and in mercies.  I will even betroth (ʼâraś, וארשׁתיך; Septuagint: μνηστεύσομαί, a form of μνηστεύω) thee unto me in faithfulness: and thou shalt know the LORD (yehôvâh, יהוה).

And it shall come to pass in that day, I will hear, saith the LORD (yehôvâh, יהוה), I will hear the heavens, and they shall hear the earth; And the earth shall hear the corn, and the wine, and the oil; and they shall hear Jezreel.  And I will sow her unto me in the earth; and I will have mercy upon her that had not obtained mercy; and I will say to them which were not my people, Thou art my people; and they shall say, Thou art my God.

Tables comparing Hebrews 10:12; 1 Peter 3:5; Matthew 20:26; Acts 19:16 and Luke 9:19-22 in the NET and KJV follow.

Hebrews 10:12 (NET)

Hebrews 10:12 (KJV)

But when this priest had offered one sacrifice for sins for all time, he sat down at the right hand of God, But this man, after he had offered one sacrifice for sins for ever, sat down on the right hand of God;

NET Parallel Greek

Stephanus Textus Receptus

Byzantine Majority Text

οὗτος δὲ μίαν ὑπὲρ ἁμαρτιῶν προσενέγκας θυσίαν εἰς τὸ διηνεκὲς ἐκάθισεν ἐν δεξιᾷ τοῦ θεοῦ αυτος δε μιαν υπερ αμαρτιων προσενεγκας θυσιαν εις το διηνεκες εκαθισεν εν δεξια του θεου αυτος δε μιαν υπερ αμαρτιων προσενεγκας θυσιαν εις το διηνεκες εκαθισεν εν δεξια του θεου

1 Peter 3:5 (NET)

1 Peter 3:5 (KJV)

For in the same way the holy women who hoped in God long ago adorned themselves by being subject to their husbands, For after this manner in the old time the holy women also, who trusted in God, adorned themselves, being in subjection unto their own husbands:
NET Parallel Greek Stephanus Textus Receptus

Byzantine Majority Text

οὕτως γάρ ποτε καὶ αἱ ἅγιαι γυναῖκες αἱ ἐλπίζουσαι εἰς θεὸν ἐκόσμουν ἑαυτάς ὑποτασσόμεναι τοῖς ἰδίοις ἀνδράσιν ουτως γαρ ποτε και αι αγιαι γυναικες αι ελπιζουσαι επι τον θεον εκοσμουν εαυτας υποτασσομεναι τοις ιδιοις ανδρασιν ουτως γαρ ποτε και αι αγιαι γυναικες αι ελπιζουσαι επι θεον εκοσμουν εαυτας υποτασσομεναι τοις ιδιοις ανδρασιν

Matthew 20:26 (NET)

Matthew 20:26 (KJV)

It must not be this way among you!  Instead whoever wants to be great among you must be your servant, But it shall not be so among you: but whosoever will be great among you, let him be your minister;

NET Parallel Greek

Stephanus Textus Receptus

Byzantine Majority Text

οὐχ οὕτως |ἔσται| ἐν ὑμῖν, ἀλλ᾿ ὃς |ἐὰν| θέλῃ ἐν ὑμῖν μέγας γενέσθαι ἔσται ὑμῶν διάκονος ουχ ουτως δε εσται εν υμιν αλλ ος εαν θελη εν υμιν μεγας γενεσθαι εστω υμων διακονος ουχ ουτως δε εσται εν υμιν αλλ ος εαν θελη εν υμιν μεγας γενεσθαι εσται υμων διακονος
Acts 19:16 (NET)

Acts 19:16 (KJV)

Then the man who was possessed by the evil spirit jumped on them and beat them all into submission.  He prevailed against them so that they fled from that house naked and wounded. And the man in whom the evil spirit was leaped on them, and overcame them, and prevailed against them, so that they fled out of that house naked and wounded.
NET Parallel Greek Stephanus Textus Receptus

Byzantine Majority Text

καὶ ἐφαλόμενος ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἐπ᾿ αὐτοὺς ἐν ᾧ ἦν τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ πονηρόν, κατακυριεύσας ἀμφοτέρων ἴσχυσεν κατ᾿ αὐτῶν ὥστε γυμνοὺς καὶ τετραυματισμένους ἐκφυγεῖν ἐκ τοῦ οἴκου ἐκείνου και εφαλλομενος επ αυτους ο ανθρωπος εν ω ην το πνευμα το πονηρον και κατακυριευσας αυτων ισχυσεν κατ αυτων ωστε γυμνους και τετραυματισμενους εκφυγειν εκ του οικου εκεινου και εφαλλομενος επ αυτους ο ανθρωπος εν ω ην το πνευμα το πονηρον και κατακυριευσαν αυτων ισχυσεν κατ αυτων ωστε γυμνους και τετραυματισμενους εκφυγειν εκ του οικου εκεινου
Luke 9:19-22 (NET)

Luke 9:19-22 (KJV)

They answered, “John the Baptist; others say Elijah; and still others that one of the prophets of long ago has risen.” They answering said, John the Baptist; but some say, Elias; and others say, that one of the old prophets is risen again.
NET Parallel Greek Stephanus Textus Receptus

Byzantine Majority Text

οἱ δὲ ἀποκριθέντες εἶπαν Ἰωάννην τὸν βαπτιστήν, ἄλλοι δὲ Ἠλίαν, ἄλλοι δὲ ὅτι προφήτης τις τῶν ἀρχαίων ἀνέστη οι δε αποκριθεντες ειπον ιωαννην τον βαπτιστην αλλοι δε ηλιαν αλλοι δε οτι προφητης τις των αρχαιων ανεστη οι δε αποκριθεντες ειπον ιωαννην τον βαπτιστην αλλοι δε ηλιαν αλλοι δε οτι προφητης τις των αρχαιων ανεστη
Then he said to them, “But who do you say that I am?”  Peter answered, “The Christ of God.” He said unto them, But whom say ye that I am?  Peter answering said, The Christ of God.

NET Parallel Greek

Stephanus Textus Receptus

Byzantine Majority Text

εἶπεν δὲ αὐτοῖς· ὑμεῖς δὲ τίνα με λέγετε εἶναι; Πέτρος δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν· τὸν χριστὸν τοῦ θεοῦ ειπεν δε αυτοις υμεις δε τινα με λεγετε ειναι αποκριθεις δε ο πετρος ειπεν τον χριστον του θεου ειπεν δε αυτοις υμεις δε τινα με λεγετε ειναι αποκριθεις δε ο πετρος ειπεν τον χριστον του θεου
But he forcefully commanded them not to tell this to anyone, And he straitly charged them, and commanded them to tell no man that thing;

NET Parallel Greek

Stephanus Textus Receptus

Byzantine Majority Text

ὁ δὲ ἐπιτιμήσας αὐτοῖς παρήγγειλεν μηδενὶ λέγειν τοῦτο ο δε επιτιμησας αυτοις παρηγγειλεν μηδενι ειπειν τουτο ο δε επιτιμησας αυτοις παρηγγειλεν μηδενι ειπειν τουτο
saying, “The Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, chief priests, and experts in the law, and be killed, and on the third day be raised.” Saying, The Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected of the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be slain, and be raised the third day.
NET Parallel Greek Stephanus Textus Receptus Byzantine Majority Text
εἰπων ὅτι δεῖ τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου πολλὰ παθεῖν καὶ ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι ἀπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων καὶ ἀρχιερέων καὶ γραμματέων καὶ ἀποκτανθῆναι καὶ τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐγερθῆναι ειπων οτι δει τον υιον του ανθρωπου πολλα παθειν και αποδοκιμασθηναι απο των πρεσβυτερων και αρχιερεων και γραμματεων και αποκτανθηναι και τη τριτη ημερα εγερθηναι ειπων οτι δει τον υιον του ανθρωπου πολλα παθειν και αποδοκιμασθηναι απο των πρεσβυτερων και αρχιερεων και γραμματεων και αποκτανθηναι και τη τριτη ημερα αναστηναι

[1] Deuteronomy 6:4 (Tanakh)

[2] Psalm 110:1 (Tanakh)

[3] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had οὗτος here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had αυτος (KJV: this man).

[4] Hebrews 10:12, 13 (NET)

[5] Isaiah 53:10a (Tanakh)

[6] John 10:17b, 18a (NET)

[7] Daniel 7:13b (Tanakh) The Greek word translated returning in Revelation 1:7 (NET) was ἔρχεται, while the Hebrew word translated came in Daniel 7:13 (Tanakh) was translated ἐρχόμενος in the Septuagint.  Both are forms of ἔρχομαιἐρχόμενος: Matthew 3:11; 11:2-6; 21:6-11; 23:37-39.

[8] Genesis 18:12 (NET)

[9] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had εἰς here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had επι.

[10] The Stephanus Textus Receptus had the article τον preceding God.  The NET parallel Greek text, NA28 and Byzantine Majority Text did not.

[11] Jeremiah 3:14, 15 (Tanakh)

[12] The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had δε (KJV: But).  The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 did not.

[13] Matthew 20:25, 26a (NET)

[14] The NET parallel Greek text, NA28 and Stephanus Textus Receptus had κατακυριεύσας here, where the Byzantine Majority Text had κατακυριευσαν.

[15] Acts 19:16 (NET)

[16] Jeremiah 3:20 (Tanakh)

[17] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had εἶπαν here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ειπον (KJV: said).

[18] The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had the article ο preceding Peter.  The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 did not.

[19] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had λέγειν here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ειπειν.

[20] The NET parallel Greek text, NA28 and Stephanus Textus Receptus had ἐγερθῆναι here, where the Byzantine Majority Text had αναστηναι.

[21] Jeremiah 3:19a (Tanakh)

[22] Jeremiah 3:19b (Tanakh)

[23] Acts 2:36 (NET)

[24] 1 John 5:18-20 (NET) Table1, Table2

[25] Romans 8:12-15 (NET)

[26] Jeremiah 31:31, 32 (Tanakh)

[27] Hosea 2:14-17 (Tanakh) Table1 Table2 Table3

[28] Genesis 2:23, 24 (Tanakh)