Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 5

Posted on May 20, 2026 by admin

This is a continuation of my review of the Lord’s patience with the 24,000 killed by Moses, Phineas and the judges or tribes of Israel after joining themselves to Baal of Peor. The old human (τὸν παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον)—your old self, which belongs to your former manner of life and is corrupt through deceitful desires¹—never learns very much from its experience with the Lord (Exodus 17:1-3a ESV).

All the congregation of the people of Israel moved on from the wilderness of Sin by stages, according to the commandment of the Lord, and camped at Rephidim, but there was no water for the people to drink. Therefore the people quarreled with Moses and said, “Give us water to drink.” And Moses said to them, “Why do you quarrel with me? Why do you test the Lord?” [Table] But the people thirsted there for water, and the people grumbled against Moses…

The old human wasn’t learning that The Lord is at hand² but was ruled by its own anxiety instead, unable and unwilling in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving [to] let [its] requests be made known to God.³ The truth seemed harsh when Jesus said to the Jews who had believed him,⁴ You are of your father the devil, and your will (θέλετε, a form of θέλω) is to do your father’s desires (ἐπιθυμίας, a form of ἐπιθυμία).⁵ But hear the words of the old human:

Why did you bring us up out of Egypt, to kill us and our children and our livestock with thirst?⁶

Who but the devil wishes this for the nation in whom all the families of the earth [shall] be blessed?⁷ So Moses cried to the Lord, “What shall I do with this people? They are almost ready to stone me.”⁸ But again, the Lord had a different plan (Exodus 17:5-7 ESV).

And the Lord said to Moses, “Pass on before the people, taking with you some of the elders of Israel, and take in your hand the staff with which you struck the Nile, and go [Table]. Behold, I will stand before you there on the rock at Horeb, and you shall strike the rock, and water shall come out of it, and the people will drink.” And Moses did so, in the sight of the elders of Israel [Table]. And he called the name of the place Massah and Meribah, because of the quarreling of the people of Israel, and because they tested the Lord by saying, “Is the Lord among us or not?”

Jesus, the One new human, said, “Therefore I tell you, do not be anxious about your life, what you will eat or what you will drink, nor about your body, what you will put on. Is not life more than food, and the body more than clothing?⁹ For the Gentiles seek after all these things, and your heavenly Father knows that you need them all [Table]. But seek first the kingdom of God and his righteousness, and all these things will be added to you [Table].¹⁰But, how?

How does one seek first the kingdom of God and his righteousness? “If anyone would come after me,” Jesus told his disciples, “let him deny himself and take up his cross and follow me.”¹¹ I didn’t read the ESV in the early years. So, I’ll go back in time: If any man will (θέλει, a form of θέλω) come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow me.¹² I knew I couldn’t wander around after Jesus like Peter, James and John did, so I figured following Him had something to do with reading about Him in the Bible.

The stories in the Gospel narratives describing what Jesus did and said as an adult always began with the story of John the Baptist (Matthew 3:1-12 ESV):

In those days John the Baptist came preaching in the wilderness of Judea, “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.” For this is he who was spoken of by¹³ the prophet Isaiah when he said,

“The voice of one crying in the wilderness:
‘Prepare the way of the Lord; make his paths straight.’”

Now John wore a garment of camel’s hair and a leather belt around his waist, and his food was locusts and wild honey. Then Jerusalem and all Judea and all the region about the Jordan were going out to him, and they were baptized by him in the river¹⁴ Jordan, confessing their sins.
But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming to his baptism, he said to them, “You brood of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the wrath to come? Bear fruit in keeping with repentance [Table]. And do not presume to say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham as our father,’ for I tell you, God is able from these stones to raise up children for Abraham. Even now the axe is laid to the root of the trees. Every tree therefore that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire [Table].
“I baptize you with water for repentance, but he who is coming after me is mightier than I, whose sandals I am not worthy to carry. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire [Table]. His winnowing fork is in his hand, and he will clear his threshing floor and gather his wheat (τὸν σῖτον αὐτοῦ) into the barn, but the chaff (τὸ δὲ ἄχυρον) he will burn with unquenchable fire.”

An article, “Ancient Jewish History: Pharisees, Sadducees & Essenes,” on Jewish Virtual Library online describes the “factions” mentioned above:

Of the various factions that emerged under Hasmonean rule, three are of particular interest: the Pharisees, Sadducees, and Essenes.

The Pharisees
The most important of the three were the Pharisees because they are the spiritual fathers of modern Judaism. Their main distinguishing characteristic was a belief in an Oral Law that God gave to Moses at Sinai along with the Torah. The Torah, or Written Law, was akin to the U.S. Constitution in the sense that it set down a series of laws that were open to interpretation. The Pharisees believed that God also gave Moses the knowledge of what these laws meant and how they should be applied. This oral tradition was codified and written down roughly three centuries later¹⁵ in what is known as the Talmud.
The Pharisees also maintained that an after-life existed, and that God punished the wicked and rewarded the righteous in the world to come. They also believed in a messiah who would herald an era of world peace.
Pharisees were in a sense blue-collar Jews who adhered to the tenets developed after the destruction of the Temple; that is, such things as individual prayer and assembly in synagogues.

The Sadducees
The Sadducees were elitists who wanted to maintain the priestly caste, but they were also liberal in their willingness to incorporate Hellenism into their lives, something the Pharisees opposed. The Sadducees rejected the idea of the Oral Law and insisted on a literal interpretation of the Written Law; consequently, they did not believe in an afterlife, since it is not mentioned in the Torah. The focus of Sadducee life was rituals associated with the Temple.
The Sadducees disappeared around 70 A.D., after the destruction of the Second Temple. None of the writings of the Sadducees has survived, so the little we know about them comes from their Pharisaic opponents.

These two “parties” served in the Great Sanhedrin, a kind of Jewish Supreme Court made up of 71 members whose responsibility was to interpret civil and religious laws.

My search on Jewish Virtual Library for “John the Baptist” found nothing of consequence. But an article, “John the Baptist – A Jewish Preacher Recast as the Herald of Jesus” on The Torah online reads:

The historical John, יוחנן, was a thoroughly Jewish religious preacher, who had little if any relation to Jesus and his movement…
Yohannan’s [John’s] use of immersion in water (“baptism”) as a symbol of purification of sins occurs in the sectarian literature found in the caves around Qumran…
John the Baptist and the Dead Sea sectarians share the use of water immersion for purification of the spirit. John may have been a member of the sect who went off on his own;^[8] alternately, John may never have been part of the Essenes community, and this idea of spiritual purification through immersion was more widely known among Judeans during the late Second Temple period.

The article, “Ancient Jewish History: Pharisees, Sadducees & Essenes,” on Jewish Virtual Library online had the following to say about the Essenes:

A third faction, the Essenes, emerged out of disgust with the other two. This sect believed the others had corrupted the city and the Temple. They moved out of Jerusalem and lived a monastic life in the desert, adopting strict dietary laws and a commitment to celibacy.
The Essenes are particularly interesting to scholars because they are believed to be an offshoot of the group that lived in Qumran, near the Dead Sea. In 1947, a Bedouin shepherd stumbled into a cave containing various ancient artifacts and jars containing manuscripts describing the beliefs of the sect and events of the time.
The most important documents, often only parchment fragments that had to be meticulously restored, were the earliest known copies of the Old Testament. The similarity of the substance of the material found in the scrolls to that in the modern scriptures has confirmed the authenticity of the Bible used today.

I have already considered what happened next in Exodus in another context, but want to repeat it here as another example of the Lord’s patience with the old human as well as the limits of that patience (Exodus 17:8-13 ESV).

Then Amalek came and fought with Israel at Rephidim. So Moses said to Joshua, “Choose for us men, and go out and fight with Amalek. Tomorrow I will stand on the top of the hill with the staff of God in my hand” [Table]. So Joshua did as Moses told him, and fought with Amalek, while Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the top of the hill [Table]. Whenever Moses held up his hand, Israel prevailed, and whenever he lowered his hand, Amalek prevailed [Table]. But Moses’ hands grew weary, so they took a stone and put it under him, and he sat on it, while Aaron and Hur held up his hands, one on one side, and the other on the other side. So his hands were steady until the going down of the sun [Table]. And Joshua overwhelmed Amalek and his people with the sword [Table].

I am willing these days to assume that if I had the Lord’s written record of his interactions with Amalek, it would show a similar pattern of patience with the old human of Amelak to that shown to the old human of Israel. I wonder, however, if there was anyone like Moses in Amalek or if that grace was reserved for the nation in whom all the families of the earth [shall] be blessed?¹⁶ When the old human of Amalek attacked the old human of Israel that the Lord had chosen, the Lord’s patience toward the old human of Amalek was diminished. (Exodus 17:14-16 ESV):

Then the Lord said to Moses, “Write this as a memorial in a book and recite it in the ears of Joshua, that I will utterly blot out the memory of Amalek from under heaven.” And Moses built an altar and called the name of it, The Lord Is My Banner, saying, “A hand upon the throne of the Lord! The Lord will have war with Amalek from generation to generation.”

The story of Jesus as an adult continues (Matthew 3:13-17 ESV):

Then Jesus came from Galilee to the Jordan to John, to be baptized by him. John would have prevented him, saying, “I need to be baptized by you, and do you come to me?” [Table] But Jesus answered him, “Let it be so now, for thus it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness.” Then he consented. And when Jesus was baptized, immediately he went up from the water, and behold, the heavens were opened to him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and coming to rest on him [Table]; and behold, a voice from heaven said, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.”

So, as I attempted to follow Jesus by reading about Him, I got baptized without knowing why. Eventually, however, I came to a story about Paul in Ephesus (Acts 19:1-6 ESV).

And it happened that while Apollos was at Corinth, Paul passed through the inland country and came¹⁷ to Ephesus. There he found¹⁸ some disciples. And¹⁹ he said to them, “Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you believed?” And they said,²⁰ “No, we have not even²¹ heard that there is a Holy Spirit.” And he said, “Into what then were you baptized?” They said,²² “Into John’s baptism.” And Paul said,²³ “John²⁴ baptized with the baptism of repentance, telling the people to believe in the one who was to come after him, that is, Jesus.”²⁵ On hearing this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. And when Paul had laid his hands on them, the Holy Spirit came²⁶ on them, and they began speaking in tongues and prophesying.

This was Moses’ desire for all the Lord’s people²⁷ when he became overwhelmed, feeling alone, caring for the old human of Israel (Numbers 11:16, 17 ESV).

Then the Lord said to Moses, “Gather for me seventy men of the elders of Israel, whom you know to be the elders of the people and officers over them, and bring them to the tent of meeting, and let them take their stand there with you. And I will come down and talk with you there. And I will take some of the Spirit that is on you and put it on them, and they shall bear the burden of the people with you, so that you may not bear it yourself alone.

The Complete Jewish Bible on Chabad.org online renders this giving of the spirit, and I will increase the spirit that is upon you and bestow it upon them. Rashi explained:

and I will increase. Heb. וְאָצַלְתִּי, as the Targum renders it: וַאִרַבֵּי, and I will increase, as in “But against the nobles of (אֲצִילֵי) the children of Israel” (Exod. 24:11).
and bestow it upon them. What did Moses resemble at that time? A candle placed upon a candelabrum; everyone lights from it, yet its brightness is not diminished. — [Sifrei Beha’alothecha 1:42:17, Midrash Tanchuma Beha’alothecha 12]

And the Lord did as He promised Moses (Numbers 11:24-29 ESV):

So Moses went out and told the people the words of the Lord. And he gathered seventy men of the elders of the people and placed them around the tent. Then the Lord came down in the cloud and spoke to him, and took some of the Spirit that was on him and put it²⁸ on the seventy elders. And as soon as the Spirit rested on them, they prophesied. But they did not continue doing it.
Now two men remained in the camp, one named Eldad, and the other named Medad, and the Spirit rested on them. They were among those registered, but they had not gone out to the tent, and so they prophesied in the camp. And a young man ran and told Moses, “Eldad and Medad are prophesying in the camp.” And Joshua the son of Nun, the assistant of Moses from his youth, said, “My lord Moses, stop them.” But Moses said to him, “Are you jealous for my sake? Would that all the Lord’s people were prophets, that the Lord would put his Spirit on them!”

According to a note (4) in the NET Matthew quoted Isaiah 40:3 in Matthew 3:3. The following table compares the Greek of that quotation with the Septuagint.

Matthew 3:3b (NET Parallel Greek)	Isaiah 40:3 (Septuagint BLB)	Isaiah 40:3 (Septuagint Elpenor)
φωνὴ βοῶντος ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ· ἑτοιμάσατε τὴν ὁδὸν κυρίου, εὐθείας ποιεῖτε τὰς τρίβους αὐτοῦ	φωνὴ βοῶντος ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ἑτοιμάσατε τὴν ὁδὸν κυρίου εὐθείας ποιεῖτε τὰς τρίβους τοῦ θεοῦ ἡμῶν	φωνὴ βοῶντος ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ· ἑτοιμάσατε τὴν ὁδὸν Κυρίου. εὐθείας ποιεῖτε τὰς τρίβους τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν
Matthew 3:3b (NET)	Isaiah 40:3 (NETS)	Isaiah 40:3 (English Elpenor)
The voice of one shouting in the wilderness, ‘Prepare the way for the Lord, make his paths straight.’	A voice of one crying out in the wilderness; “Prepare the way of the Lord; make straight the paths of our God.	The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make straight the paths of our God.

Tables comparing Exodus 17:1; 17:3; 17:4; 17:7; 17:8; 17:14; 17:15; 17:16; Numbers 11:29; 11:16; 11:17; 11:24; 11:25; 11:26; 11:27; 11:28 and Isaiah 40:3 in the Tanakh, KJV and NET, and comparing the Greek of Exodus 17:1; 17:3; 17:4; 17:7; 17:8; 17:14; 17:15; 17:16; Numbers 11:29; 11:16; 11:17; 11:24; 11:25; 11:26; 11:27; 11:28 and Isaiah 40:3 in the Septuagint (BLB and Elpenor), and tables comparing Matthew 3:3; 3:6; Acts 19:1-4 and 19:6 in the NET and KJV follow.

Exodus 17:1 (Tanakh)	Exodus 17:1 (KJV)	Exodus 17:1 (NET)
And all the congregation of the children of Israel journeyed from the wilderness of Sin, by their stages, according to the commandment of HaShem, and encamped in Rephidim; and there was no water for the people to drink.	And all the congregation of the children of Israel journeyed from the wilderness of Sin, after their journeys, according to the commandment of the LORD, and pitched in Rephidim: and there was no water for the people to drink.	The whole community of the Israelites traveled on their journey from the wilderness of Sin according to the Lord’s instruction, and they pitched camp in Rephidim. Now there was no water for the people to drink.

Exodus 17:1 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 17:1 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἀπῆρεν πᾶσα συναγωγὴ υἱῶν Ισραηλ ἐκ τῆς ἐρήμου Σιν κατὰ παρεμβολὰς αὐτῶν διὰ ῥήματος κυρίου καὶ παρενεβάλοσαν ἐν Ραφιδιν οὐκ ἦν δὲ ὕδωρ τῷ λαῷ πιεῖν	ΚΑΙ ἀπῇρε πᾶσα συναγωγὴ υἱῶν ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐκ τῆς ἐρήμου Σὶν κατὰ παρεμβολὰς αὐτῶν διά ῥήματος Κυρίου καὶ παρενεβάλοσαν ἐν Ῥαφιδείν· οὐκ ἦν δὲ ὕδωρ τῷ λαῷ πιεῖν
Exodus 17:1 (NETS)	Exodus 17:1 (English Elpenor)
And the entire congregation of the sons of Israel set out from the wilderness of Sin according to their encampments by the word of the Lord, and they camped at Raphidin. But there was no water for the people to drink.	And all the congregation of the children of Israel departed from the wilderness of Sin, according to their encampments, by the word of the Lord; and they encamped in Raphidin: and there was no water for the people to drink.

Exodus 17:3 (Tanakh)	Exodus 17:3 (KJV)	Exodus 17:3 (NET)
And the people thirsted there for water; and the people murmured against Moses, and said: ‘Wherefore hast thou brought us up out of Egypt, to kill us and our children and our cattle with thirst?’	And the people thirsted there for water; and the people murmured against Moses, and said, Wherefore is this that thou hast brought us up out of Egypt, to kill us and our children and our cattle with thirst?	But the people were very thirsty there for water, and they murmured against Moses and said, “Why in the world did you bring us up from Egypt—to kill us and our children and our cattle with thirst?”

Exodus 17:3 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 17:3 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐδίψησεν δὲ ἐκεῖ ὁ λαὸς ὕδατι καὶ ἐγόγγυζεν ἐκεῖ ὁ λαὸς πρὸς Μωυσῆν λέγοντες ἵνα τί τοῦτο ἀνεβίβασας ἡμᾶς ἐξ Αἰγύπτου ἀποκτεῖναι ἡμᾶς καὶ τὰ τέκνα ἡμῶν καὶ τὰ κτήνη τῷ δίψει	ἐδίψησε δὲ ἐκεῖ ὁ λαὸς ὕδατι, καὶ διεγόγγυζεν ἐκεῖ ὁ λαὸς πρὸς Μωυσῆν λέγοντες· ἱνατί τοῦτο; ἀνεβίβασας ἡμᾶς ἐξ Αἰγύπτου ἀποκτεῖναι ἡμᾶς καὶ τὰ τέκνα ἡμῶν καὶ τὰ κτήνη τῷ δίψει
Exodus 17:3 (NETS)	Exodus 17:3 (English Elpenor)
But the people thirsted there for water, and the people kept complaining against Moyses, saying, “Why is it that you brought us up from Egypt to kill us and our children and animals with thirst?”	And the people thirsted there for water, and there the people murmured against Moses, saying, Why is this? hast thou brought us up out of Egypt to slay us and our children and our cattle with thirst?

Exodus 17:4 (Tanakh)	Exodus 17:4 (KJV)	Exodus 17:4 (NET)
And Moses cried unto HaShem, saying: ‘What shall I do unto this people? they are almost ready to stone me.’	And Moses cried unto the LORD, saying, What shall I do unto this people? they be almost ready to stone me.	Then Moses cried out to the Lord, “What will I do with this people?—a little more and they will stone me!”

Exodus 17:4 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 17:4 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐβόησεν δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς κύριον λέγων τί ποιήσω τῷ λαῷ τούτῳ ἔτι μικρὸν καὶ καταλιθοβολήσουσίν με	ἐβόησε δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς Κύριον λέγων· τί ποιήσω τῷ λαῷ τούτῳ; ἔτι μικρὸν καὶ καταλιθοβολήσουσί με
Exodus 17:4 (NETS)	Exodus 17:4 (English Elpenor)
Then Moyses cried out to the Lord, saying, “What shall I do with this people? A little while yet and they will stone me!”	And Moses cried to the Lord, saying, What shall I do to this people? yet a little while and they will stone me.

Exodus 17:7 (Tanakh)	Exodus 17:7 (KJV)	Exodus 17:7 (NET)
And the name of the place was called Massah, and Meribah, because of the striving of the children of Israel, and because they tried HaShem, saying: ‘Is HaShem among us, or not?’	And he called the name of the place Massah, and Meribah, because of the chiding of the children of Israel, and because they tempted the LORD, saying, Is the LORD among us, or not?	He called the name of the place Massah and Meribah, because of the contending of the Israelites and because of their testing the Lord, saying, “Is the Lord among us or not?”

Exodus 17:7 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 17:7 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐπωνόμασεν τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ τόπου ἐκείνου πειρασμὸς καὶ λοιδόρησις διὰ τὴν λοιδορίαν τῶν υἱῶν Ισραηλ καὶ διὰ τὸ πειράζειν κύριον λέγοντας εἰ ἔστιν κύριος ἐν ἡμῖν ἢ οὔ	καὶ ἐπωνόμασε τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ τόπου ἐκείνου Πειρασμὸς καὶ Λοιδόρησις, διὰ τὴν λοιδορίαν τῶν υἱῶν ᾿Ισραὴλ καὶ διὰ τὸ πειράζειν Κύριον λέγοντας· εἰ ἔστι Κύριος ἐν ἡμῖν ἢ οὔ
Exodus 17:7 (NETS)	Exodus 17:7 (English Elpenor)
And he called the name of that place Testing and Raillery because of the railing of the sons of Israel and because they tested the Lord, saying, “Is the Lord among us or not?”	And he called the name of that place, Temptation, and Reviling, because of the reviling of the children of Israel, and because they tempted the Lord, saying, Is the Lord among us or not?

Exodus 17:8 (Tanakh)	Exodus 17:8 (KJV)	Exodus 17:8 (NET)
Then came Amalek, and fought with Israel in Rephidim.	Then came Amalek, and fought with Israel in Rephidim.	Amalek came and attacked Israel in Rephidim.

Exodus 17:8 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 17:8 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἦλθεν δὲ Αμαληκ καὶ ἐπολέμει Ισραηλ ἐν Ραφιδιν	῏Ηλθε δὲ ᾿Αμαλὴκ καὶ ἐπολέμει ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐν Ῥαφιδείν
Exodus 17:8 (NETS)	Exodus 17:8 (English Elpenor)
Then Amalek came and was fighting Israel at Raphidin.	And Amalec came and fought with Israel in Raphidin.

Exodus 17:14 (Tanakh)	Exodus 17:14 (KJV)	Exodus 17:14 (NET)
And HaShem said unto Moses: ‘Write this for a memorial in the book, and rehearse it in the ears of Joshua: for I will utterly blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven.’	And the LORD said unto Moses, Write this for a memorial in a book, and rehearse it in the ears of Joshua: for I will utterly put out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven.	The Lord said to Moses, “Write this as a memorial in the book, and rehearse it in Joshua’s hearing; for I will surely wipe out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven.”

Exodus 17:14 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 17:14 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν κατάγραψον τοῦτο εἰς μνημόσυνον ἐν βιβλίῳ καὶ δὸς εἰς τὰ ὦτα Ἰησοῖ ὅτι ἀλοιφῇ ἐξαλείψω τὸ μνημόσυνον Αμαληκ ἐκ τῆς ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανόν	εἶπε δὲ Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν· κατάγραψον τοῦτο εἰς μνημόσυνονἐν [probably μνημόσυνον ἐν] βιβλίῳ καὶ δὸς εἰς τὰ ὦτα ᾿Ιησοῦ, ὅτι ἀλοιφῇ ἐξαλείψω τὸ μνημόσυνον ᾿Αμαλὴκ ἐκ τῆς ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανόν
Exodus 17:14 (NETS)	Exodus 17:14 (English Elpenor)
Then the Lord said to Moyses, “Write this down for a memorial in a book, and put into the ears of Iesous that with a wipe out I will wipe out the memorial of Amalek from what is beneath heaven.	And the Lord said to Moses, Write this for a memorial in a book, and speak [this] in the ears of Joshua; for I will utterly blot out the memorial of Amalec from under heaven.

Exodus 17:15 (Tanakh)	Exodus 17:15 (KJV)	Exodus 17:15 (NET)
And Moses built an altar, and called the name of it Adonai-nissi.	And Moses built an altar, and called the name of it Jehovahnissi:	Moses built an altar, and he called it “The Lord is my Banner,”

Exodus 17:15 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 17:15 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν Μωυσῆς θυσιαστήριον κυρίῳ καὶ ἐπωνόμασεν τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ κύριός μου καταφυγή	καὶ ᾠκοδόμησε Μωυσῆς θυσιαστήριον Κυρίῳ καὶ ἐπωνόμασε τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Κύριος καταφυγή μου
Exodus 17:15 (NETS)	Exodus 17:15 (English Elpenor)
And Moyses built an altar to the Lord and called its name “The Lord is my refuge,”	And Moses built an altar to the Lord, and called the name of it, The Lord my Refuge.

Exodus 17:16 (Tanakh)	Exodus 17:16 (KJV)	Exodus 17:16 (NET)
And he said: ‘The hand upon the throne of HaShem: HaShem will have war with Amalek from generation to generation.’	For he said, Because the LORD hath sworn that the LORD will have war with Amalek from generation to generation.	for he said, “For a hand was lifted up to the throne of the Lord—that the Lord will have war with Amalek from generation to generation.”

Exodus 17:16 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 17:16 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ὅτι ἐν χειρὶ κρυφαίᾳ πολεμεῖ κύριος ἐπὶ Αμαληκ ἀπὸ γενεῶν εἰς γενεάς	ὅτι ἐν χειρὶ κρυφαίᾳ πολεμεῖ Κύριος ἐπὶ ᾿Αμαλὴκ ἀπὸ γενεῶν εἰς γενεᾶς
Exodus 17:16 (NETS)	Exodus 17:16 (English Elpenor)
because by a secret hand the Lord fights against Amalek from generations to generations.	For with a secret hand the Lord wages war upon Amalec to all generations.

Numbers 11:29 (Tanakh)	Numbers 11:29 (KJV)	Numbers 11:29 (NET)
And Moses said unto him: ‘Art thou jealous for my sake? would that all HaShem’S people were prophets, that HaShem would put His spirit upon them!’	And Moses said unto him, Enviest thou for my sake? would God that all the LORD’S people were prophets, and that the LORD would put his spirit upon them!	Moses said to him, “Are you jealous for me? I wish that all the Lord’s people were prophets, that the Lord would put his Spirit on them!”

Numbers 11:29 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 11:29 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ Μωυσῆς μὴ ζηλοῖς σύ μοι καὶ τίς δῴη πάντα τὸν λαὸν κυρίου προφήτας ὅταν δῷ κύριος τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτοῦ ἐπ᾽ αὐτούς	καὶ εἶπε Μωυσῆς αὐτῷ· μὴ ζηλοῖς ἐμέ; καὶ τίς δῴη πάντα τὸν λαὸν Κυρίου προφήτας, ὅταν δῷ Κύριος τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτοῦ ἐπ’ αὐτούς
Numbers 11:29 (NETS)	Numbers 11:29 (English Elpenor)
And Moyses said to him, “Are you really jealous for me? And who might grant that all the Lord’s people be prophets, when the Lord grants his spirit upon them?”	And Moses said to him, Art thou jealous on my account? and would that all the Lord’s people were prophets; whenever the Lord shall put his spirit upon them.

Numbers 11:16 (Tanakh)	Numbers 11:16 (KJV)	Numbers 11:16 (NET)
And HaShem said unto Moses: ‘Gather unto Me seventy men of the elders of Israel, whom thou knowest to be the elders of the people, and officers over them; and bring them unto the tent of meeting, that they may stand there with thee.	And the LORD said unto Moses, Gather unto me seventy men of the elders of Israel, whom thou knowest to be the elders of the people, and officers over them; and bring them unto the tabernacle of the congregation, that they may stand there with thee.	The Lord said to Moses, “Gather to me seventy men of the elders of Israel, whom you know are elders of the people and officials over them, and bring them to the tent of meeting; let them take their position there with you.

Numbers 11:16 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 11:16 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν συνάγαγέ μοι ἑβδομήκοντα ἄνδρας ἀπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων Ισραηλ οὓς αὐτὸς σὺ οἶδας ὅτι οὗτοί εἰσιν πρεσβύτεροι τοῦ λαοῦ καὶ γραμματεῖς αὐτῶν καὶ ἄξεις αὐτοὺς πρὸς τὴν σκηνὴν τοῦ μαρτυρίου καὶ στήσονται ἐκεῖ μετὰ σοῦ	καὶ εἶπε Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν· συνάγαγέ μοι ἑβδομήκοντα ἄνδρας ἀπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων ᾿Ισραήλ, οὓς αὐτὸς σὺ οἶδας, ὅτι οὗτοί εἰσι πρεσβύτεροι τοῦ λαοῦ καὶ γραμματεῖς αὐτῶν. καὶ ἄξεις αὐτοὺς πρὸς τὴν σκηνὴν τοῦ μαρτυρίου, καὶ στήσονται ἐκεῖ μετὰ σοῦ
Numbers 11:16 (NETS)	Numbers 11:16 (English Elpenor)
And the Lord said to Moyses, “Gather for me seventy men from the elders of Israel, whom you personally know that they are elders of the people and are their scribes, and you shall lead them to the tent of witness, and they shall stand there with you.	And the Lord said to Moses, Gather me seventy men from the elders of Israel, whom thou thyself knowest that they are the elders of the people, and their scribes; and thou shalt bring them to the tabernacle of witness, and they shall stand there with thee.

Numbers 11:17 (Tanakh)	Numbers 11:17 (KJV)	Numbers 11:17 (NET)
And I will come down and speak with thee there; and I will take of the spirit which is upon thee, and will put it upon them; and they shall bear the burden of the people with thee, that thou bear it not thyself alone.	And I will come down and talk with thee there: and I will take of the spirit which is upon thee, and will put it upon them; and they shall bear the burden of the people with thee, that thou bear it not thyself alone.	Then I will come down and speak with you there, and I will take part of the Spirit that is on you, and will put it on them, and they will bear some of the burden of the people with you, so that you do not bear it all by yourself.

Numbers 11:17 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 11:17 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ καταβήσομαι καὶ λαλήσω ἐκεῖ μετὰ σοῦ καὶ ἀφελῶ ἀπὸ τοῦ πνεύματος τοῦ ἐπὶ σοὶ καὶ ἐπιθήσω ἐπ᾽ αὐτούς καὶ συναντιλήμψονται μετὰ σοῦ τὴν ὁρμὴν τοῦ λαοῦ καὶ οὐκ οἴσεις αὐτοὺς σὺ μόνος	καὶ καταβήσομαι καὶ λαλήσω ἐκεῖ μετὰ σοῦ καὶ ἀφελῶ ἀπὸ τοῦ πνεύματος τοῦ ἐπὶ σοὶ καὶ ἐπιθήσω ἐπ’ αὐτούς, καὶ συναντιλήψονται μετὰ σοῦ τὴν ὁρμὴν τοῦ λαοῦ, καὶ οὐκ οἴσεις αὐτοὺς σὺ μόνος
Numbers 11:17 (NETS)	Numbers 11:17 (English Elpenor)
And I will come down and speak there with you, and I will remove some of the spirit that is upon you, and I will place it upon them, and they shall assist you with the onslaught of the people, and you will not bear them alone.	And I will go down, and speak there with thee; and I will take of the spirit that is upon thee, and will put it upon them; and they shall bear together with thee the burden of the people, and thou shalt not bear them alone.

Numbers 11:24 (Tanakh)	Numbers 11:24 (KJV)	Numbers 11:24 (NET)
And Moses went out, and told the people the words of HaShem; and he gathered seventy men of the elders of the people, and set them round about the Tent.	And Moses went out, and told the people the words of the LORD, and gathered the seventy men of the elders of the people, and set them round about the tabernacle.	So Moses went out and told the people the words of the Lord. He then gathered seventy men of the elders of the people and had them stand around the tabernacle.

Numbers 11:24 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 11:24 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐξῆλθεν Μωυσῆς καὶ ἐλάλησεν πρὸς τὸν λαὸν τὰ ῥήματα κυρίου καὶ συνήγαγεν ἑβδομήκοντα ἄνδρας ἀπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων τοῦ λαοῦ καὶ ἔστησεν αὐτοὺς κύκλῳ τῆς σκηνῆς	καὶ ἐξῆλθε Μωυσῆς καὶ ἐλάλησε πρὸς τὸν λαὸν τὰ ρήματα Κυρίου καὶ συνήγαγεν ἑβδομήκοντα ἄνδρας ἀπὸ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων τοῦ λαοῦ καὶ ἔστησεν αὐτοὺς κύκλῳ τῆς σκηνῆς
Numbers 11:24 (NETS)	Numbers 11:24 (English Elpenor)
And Moyses went out and spoke to the people the words of the Lord, and he gathered seventy men from the elders of the people, and he placed them around the tent.	And Moses went out, and spoke the words of the Lord to the people; and he gathered seventy men of the elders of the people, and he set them round about the tabernacle.

Numbers 11:25 (Tanakh)	Numbers 11:25 (KJV)	Numbers 11:25 (NET)
And HaShem came down in the cloud, and spoke unto him, and took of the spirit that was upon him, and put it upon the seventy elders; and it came to pass, that, when the spirit rested upon them, they prophesied, but they did so no more.	And the LORD came down in a cloud, and spake unto him, and took of the spirit that was upon him, and gave it unto the seventy elders: and it came to pass, that, when the spirit rested upon them, they prophesied, and did not cease.	And the Lord came down in the cloud and spoke to them, and he took some of the Spirit that was on Moses and put it on the seventy elders. When the Spirit rested on them, they prophesied, but did not do so again.

Numbers 11:25 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 11:25 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ κατέβη κύριος ἐν νεφέλῃ καὶ ἐλάλησεν πρὸς αὐτόν καὶ παρείλατο ἀπὸ τοῦ πνεύματος τοῦ ἐπ᾽ αὐτῷ καὶ ἐπέθηκεν ἐπὶ τοὺς ἑβδομήκοντα ἄνδρας τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους ὡς δὲ ἐπανεπαύσατο τὸ πνεῦμα ἐπ᾽ αὐτούς καὶ ἐπροφήτευσαν καὶ οὐκέτι προσέθεντο	καὶ κατέβη Κύριος ἐν νεφέλῃ καὶ ἐλάλησε πρὸς αὐτόν· καὶ παρείλατο ἀπὸ τοῦ πνεύματος τοῦ ἐπ’ αὐτῷ καὶ ἐπέθηκεν ἐπὶ τοὺς ἑβδομήκοντα ἄνδρας τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους· ὡς δὲ ἐπανεπαύσατο πνεῦμα ἐπ’ αὐτούς, καὶ ἐπροφήτευσαν καὶ οὐκ ἔτι προσέθεντο
Numbers 11:25 (NETS)	Numbers 11:25 (English Elpenor)
And the Lord came down in a cloud and spoke to him and took away some of the spirit that was upon him and put it upon the seventy men who were elders. Now as the spirit rested upon them, they also prophesied, and they no longer added.	And the Lord came down in a cloud, and spoke to him, and took of the spirit that was upon him, and put it upon the seventy men that were elders; and when the spirit rested upon them, they prophesied and ceased.

Numbers 11:26 (Tanakh)	Numbers 11:26 (KJV)	Numbers 11:26 (NET)
But there remained two men in the camp, the name of the one was Eldad, and the name of the other Medad; and the spirit rested upon them; and they were of them that were recorded, but had not gone out unto the Tent; and they prophesied in the camp.	But there remained two of the men in the camp, the name of the one was Eldad, and the name of the other Medad: and the spirit rested upon them; and they were of them that were written, but went not out unto the tabernacle: and they prophesied in the camp.	But two men remained in the camp; one’s name was Eldad, and the other’s name was Medad. And the Spirit rested on them. (Now they were among those in the registration, but had not gone to the tabernacle.) So they prophesied in the camp.

Numbers 11:26 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 11:26 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ κατελείφθησαν δύο ἄνδρες ἐν τῇ παρεμβολῇ ὄνομα τῷ ἑνὶ Ελδαδ καὶ ὄνομα τῷ δευτέρῳ Μωδαδ καὶ ἐπανεπαύσατο ἐπ᾽ αὐτοὺς τὸ πνεῦμα καὶ οὗτοι ἦσαν τῶν καταγεγραμμένων καὶ οὐκ ἦλθον πρὸς τὴν σκηνήν καὶ ἐπροφήτευσαν ἐν τῇ παρεμβολῇ	καὶ κατελείφθησαν δύο ἄνδρες ἐν τῇ παρεμβολῇ, ὄνομα τῷ ἑνὶ ῾Ελδὰδ καὶ ὄνομα τῷ δευτέρῳ Μωδάδ, καὶ ἐπανεπαύσατο ἐπ’ αὐτοὺς πνεῦμα· καὶ οὗτοι ἦσαν τῶν καταγεγραμμένων καὶ οὐκ ἦλθον πρὸς τὴν σκηνήν· καὶ ἐπροφήτευσαν ἐν τῇ παρεμβολῇ
Numbers 11:26 (NETS)	Numbers 11:26 (English Elpenor)
And two men were left in the camp, the name of the one Eldad and the name of the second Modad, and the spirit rested upon them. And these are among the ones who had been registered, and they did not go to the tent, and they prophesied in the camp.	And there were two men left in the camp, the name of the one was Eldad, and the name of the other Modad; and the spirit rested upon them, and these were of the number of them that were enrolled, but they did not come to the tabernacle; and they prophesied in the camp.

Numbers 11:27 (Tanakh)	Numbers 11:27 (KJV)	Numbers 11:27 (NET)
And there ran a young man, and told Moses, and said: ‘Eldad and Medad are prophesying in the camp.’	And there ran a young man, and told Moses, and said, Eldad and Medad do prophesy in the camp.	And a young man ran and told Moses, “Eldad and Medad are prophesying in the camp!”

Numbers 11:27 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 11:27 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ προσδραμὼν ὁ νεανίσκος ἀπήγγειλεν Μωυσῇ καὶ εἶπεν λέγων Ελδαδ καὶ Μωδαδ προφητεύουσιν ἐν τῇ παρεμβολῇ	καὶ προσδραμὼν ὁ νεανίσκος ἀπήγγειλε Μωυσῇ καὶ εἶπε λέγων· ῾Ελδὰδ καὶ Μωδὰδ προφητεύουσιν ἐν τῇ παρεμβολῇ
Numbers 11:27 (NETS)	Numbers 11:27 (English Elpenor)
And the young man ran out and reported to Moyses and spoke, saying, “Eldad and Modad are prophesying in the camp.”	And a young man ran and told Moses, and spoke, saying, Eldad and Modad prophesy in the camp.

Numbers 11:28 (Tanakh)	Numbers 11:28 (KJV)	Numbers 11:28 (NET)
And Joshua the son of Nun, the minister of Moses from his youth up, answered and said: ‘My lord Moses, shut them in.’	And Joshua the son of Nun, the servant of Moses, one of his young men, answered and said, My lord Moses, forbid them.	Joshua son of Nun, the servant of Moses, one of his choice young men, said, “My lord Moses, stop them!”

Numbers 11:28 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 11:28 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς Ἰησοῦς ὁ τοῦ Ναυη ὁ παρεστηκὼς Μωυσῇ ὁ ἐκελεκτὸς εἶπεν κύριε Μωυσῆ κώλυσον αὐτούς	καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς ᾿Ιησοῦς ὁ τοῦ Ναυὴ ὁ παρεστηκὼς Μωυσῇ, ὁ ἐκλεκτός, εἶπε· κύριε Μωυσῆ, κώλυσον αὐτούς
Numbers 11:28 (NETS)	Numbers 11:28 (English Elpenor)
And Iesous the son of Naue, the one who stood by Moyses, the chosen one, said, “O Sir Moyses—stop them!”	And a young man ran and told Moses, and spoke, saying, Eldad and Modad prophesy in the camp.

Isaiah 40:3 (Tanakh)	Isaiah 40:3 (KJV)	Isaiah 40:3 (NET)
The voice of him that crieth in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the LORD, make straight in the desert a highway for our God.	The voice of him that crieth in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the LORD, make straight in the desert a highway for our God.	A voice cries out, “In the wilderness clear a way for the Lord; build a level road through the rift valley for our God.

Isaiah 40:3 (Septuagint BLB)	Isaiah 40:3 (Septuagint Elpenor)
φωνὴ βοῶντος ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ἑτοιμάσατε τὴν ὁδὸν κυρίου εὐθείας ποιεῖτε τὰς τρίβους τοῦ θεοῦ ἡμῶν	φωνὴ βοῶντος ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ· ἑτοιμάσατε τὴν ὁδὸν Κυρίου. εὐθείας ποιεῖτε τὰς τρίβους τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν
Isaiah 40:3 (NETS)	Isaiah 40:3 (English Elpenor)
A voice of one crying out in the wilderness; “Prepare the way of the Lord; make straight the paths of our God.	The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make straight the paths of our God.

Matthew 3:3 (NET)	Matthew 3:3 (KJV)
For he is the one about whom the prophet Isaiah had spoken: “The voice of one shouting in the wilderness, ‘Prepare the way for the Lord, make his paths straight.’”	For this is he that was spoken of by the prophet Esaias, saying, The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make his paths straight.

Matthew 3:3 (NET Parallel Greek)	Matthew 3:3 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Matthew 3:3 (Byzantine Majority Text)
οὗτος γάρ ἐστιν ὁ ρηθεὶς διὰ Ἠσαΐου τοῦ προφήτου λέγοντος· φωνὴ βοῶντος ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ· ἑτοιμάσατε τὴν ὁδὸν κυρίου, εὐθείας ποιεῖτε τὰς τρίβους αὐτοῦ	ουτος γαρ εστιν ο ρηθεις υπο ησαιου του προφητου λεγοντος φωνη βοωντος εν τη ερημω ετοιμασατε την οδον κυριου ευθειας ποιειτε τας τριβους αυτου	ουτος γαρ εστιν ο ρηθεις υπο ησαιου του προφητου λεγοντος φωνη βοωντος εν τη ερημω ετοιμασατε την οδον κυριου ευθειας ποιειτε τας τριβους αυτου

Matthew 3:6 (NET)	Matthew 3:6 (KJV)
and he was baptizing them in the Jordan River as they confessed their sins.	And were baptized of him in Jordan, confessing their sins.

Matthew 3:6 (NET Parallel Greek)	Matthew 3:6 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Matthew 3:6 (Byzantine Majority Text)
καὶ ἐβαπτίζοντο ἐν τῷ Ἰορδάνῃ ποταμῷ ὑπ᾿ αὐτοῦ ἐξομολογούμενοι τὰς ἁμαρτίας αὐτῶν	και εβαπτιζοντο εν τω ιορδανη υπ αυτου εξομολογουμενοι τας αμαρτιας αυτων	και εβαπτιζοντο εν τω ιορδανη υπ αυτου εξομολογουμενοι τας αμαρτιας αυτων

Acts 19:1-4 (NET)	Acts 19:1-4 (KJV)
While Apollos was in Corinth, Paul went through the inland regions and came to Ephesus.	And it came to pass, that, while Apollos was at Corinth, Paul having passed through the upper coasts came to Ephesus: and finding certain disciples,

Acts 19:1 (NET Parallel Greek)	Acts 19:1 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Acts 19:1 (Byzantine Majority Text)
Ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν τῷ τὸν Ἀπολλῶ εἶναι ἐν Κορίνθῳ Παῦλον διελθόντα τὰ ἀνωτερικὰ μέρη [κατ]ελθεῖν εἰς Ἔφεσον καὶ εὑρεῖν τινας μαθητὰς	εγενετο δε εν τω τον απολλω ειναι εν κορινθω παυλον διελθοντα τα ανωτερικα μερη ελθειν εις εφεσον και ευρων τινας μαθητας	εγενετο δε εν τω τον απολλω ειναι εν κορινθω παυλον διελθοντα τα ανωτερικα μερη ελθειν εις εφεσον και ευρων τινας μαθητας

and said to them, “Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you believed?” They replied, “No, we have not even heard that there is a Holy Spirit.”

He said unto them, Have ye received the Holy Ghost since ye believed? And they said unto him, We have not so much as heard whether there be any Holy Ghost.

Acts 19:2 (NET Parallel Greek)	Acts 19:2 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Acts 19:2 (Byzantine Majority Text)
εἶπεν τε πρὸς αὐτούς· εἰ πνεῦμα ἅγιον ἐλάβετε πιστεύσαντες; οἱ δὲ πρὸς αὐτόν· ἀλλ᾿ οὐδ᾿ εἰ πνεῦμα ἅγιον ἔστιν ἠκούσαμεν	ειπεν προς αυτους ει πνευμα αγιον ελαβετε πιστευσαντες οι δε ειπον προς αυτον αλλ ουδε ει πνευμα αγιον εστιν ηκουσαμεν	ειπεν προς αυτους ει πνευμα αγιον ελαβετε πιστευσαντες οι δε ειπον προς αυτον αλλ ουδε ει πνευμα αγιον εστιν ηκουσαμεν

So Paul said, “Into what then were you baptized?” “Into John’s baptism,” they replied.

And he said unto them, Unto what then were ye baptized? And they said, Unto John’s baptism.

Acts 19:3 (NET Parallel Greek)	Acts 19:3 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Acts 19:3 (Byzantine Majority Text)
εἶπεν τε· εἰς τί οὖν ἐβαπτίσθητε; οἱ δὲ εἶπαν· εἰς τὸ Ἰωάννου βάπτισμα	ειπεν τε προς αυτους εις τι ουν εβαπτισθητε οι δε ειπον εις το ιωαννου βαπτισμα	ειπεν τε προς αυτους εις τι ουν εβαπτισθητε οι δε ειπον εις το ιωαννου βαπτισμα

Paul said, “John baptized with a baptism of repentance, telling the people to believe in the one who was to come after him, that is, in Jesus.”

Then said Paul, John verily baptized with the baptism of repentance, saying unto the people, that they should believe on him which should come after him, that is, on Christ Jesus.

Acts 19:4 (NET Parallel Greek)	Acts 19:4 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Acts 19:4 (Byzantine Majority Text)
εἶπεν δὲ Παῦλος· Ἰωάννης ἐβάπτισεν βάπτισμα μετανοίας τῷ λαῷ λέγων εἰς τὸν ἐρχόμενον μετ᾿ αὐτὸν ἵνα πιστεύσωσιν, τοῦτ᾿ ἔστιν εἰς τὸν Ἰησοῦν	ειπεν δε παυλος ιωαννης μεν εβαπτισεν βαπτισμα μετανοιας τω λαω λεγων εις τον ερχομενον μετ αυτον ινα πιστευσωσιν τουτ εστιν εις τον χριστον ιησουν	ειπεν δε παυλος ιωαννης μεν εβαπτισεν βαπτισμα μετανοιας τω λαω λεγων εις τον ερχομενον μετ αυτον ινα πιστευσωσιν τουτ εστιν εις τον χριστον ιησουν

Acts 19:6 (NET)	Acts 19:6 (KJV)
and when Paul placed his hands on them, the Holy Spirit came upon them, and they began to speak in tongues and to prophesy.	And when Paul had laid his hands upon them, the Holy Ghost came on them; and they spake with tongues, and prophesied.

Acts 19:6 (NET Parallel Greek)	Acts 19:6 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Acts 19:6 (Byzantine Majority Text)
καὶ ἐπιθέντος αὐτοῖς τοῦ Παύλου [τὰς] χεῖρας ἦλθε τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον ἐπ᾿ αὐτούς, ἐλάλουν τε γλώσσαις καὶ ἐπροφήτευον	και επιθεντος αυτοις του παυλου τας χειρας ηλθεν το πνευμα το αγιον επ αυτους ελαλουν τε γλωσσαις και προεφητευον	και επιθεντος αυτοις του παυλου τας χειρας ηλθεν το πνευμα το αγιον επ αυτους ελαλουν τε γλωσσαις και προεφητευον

Back to Exploration, Part 20

Back to Who is a Christian? Part 1

¹ Ephesians 4:22b (ESV)

² Philippians 4:5b (ESV)

³ Philippians 4:6b (ESV)

⁴ John 8:31a (ESV)

⁵ John 8:44a (ESV) Table

⁶ Exodus 17:3b (ESV)

⁷ Genesis 28:14b (ESV) Table

⁸ Exodus 17:4 (ESV)

⁹ Matthew 6:25 (ESV) Table

¹⁰ Matthew 6:32, 33 (ESV)

¹¹ Matthew 16:24 (ESV)

¹² Matthew 16:24 (KJV)

¹³ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had διὰ here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had υπο.

¹⁴ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had ποταμῷ here, a form of the noun ποταμός. The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text did not.

¹⁵ “In the 3rd century CE, Rabbenu Hakadosh realized that because of growing hardships and persecutions the Jews might not be able to retain by memory all these traditional laws, so he decided to record them.” From “The Oral Law: Mishnah” on Chabad.org online.

¹⁶ Genesis 28:14b (ESV) Table

¹⁷ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had κατελθεῖν here, an infinitive form of κατέρχομαι, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ελθειν, an infinitive form of ἔρχομαι.

¹⁸ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had εὑρεῖν here, an infinitive form of εὑρίσκω, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ευρων (KJV: finding), a nominative participle.

¹⁹ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had τε here. The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text did not.

²⁰ The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ειπον (KJV: they said) here. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

²¹ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had οὐδ᾿ here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ουδε (KJV: not so much as).

²² The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had εἶπαν here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ειπον.

²³ The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had προς αυτους (KJV: unto them) here. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

²⁴ The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had μεν (KJV: verily) following John. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

²⁵ The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had χριστον (KJV: Christ) preceding Jesus. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

²⁶ The NET parallel Greek text had ἦλθε here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus, Byzantine Majority Text and NA²⁸ had ἦλθεν.

²⁷ Numbers 11:29 (ESV)

²⁸ …and He increased some of the spirit that was on him and bestowed it… Numbers 11:25 (The Complete Jewish Bible)

Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 4

Posted on April 13, 2026 by admin

This is a continuation of my review of the Lord’s patience with the 24,000 killed by Mosesc, Phineas and the judges or tribes of Israel after joining themselves to Baal of Peor. The old human (τὸν παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον)—your old self, which belongs to your former manner of life and is corrupt through deceitful desires¹—never learns very much from its experience with the Lord (Exodus 16:1-3 ESV).

They set out from Elim, and all the congregation of the people of Israel came to the wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after they had departed from the land of Egypt. And the whole congregation of the people of Israel grumbled against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness, and the people of Israel said to them, “Would that we had died by the hand of the Lord in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the meat pots and ate bread to the full, for you have brought us out into this wilderness to kill this whole assembly with hunger.”

The old human wasn’t learning that The Lord is at hand.² It was ruled by its own anxiety instead, unable and unwilling in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving [to] let [its] requests be made known to God.³ The truth seemed harsh when Jesus said to the Jews who had believed him,⁴ You are of your father the devil, and your will (θέλετε, a form of θέλω) is to do your father’s desires (ἐπιθυμίας, a form of ἐπιθυμία).⁵ But listen to the desires expressed by the words of the old human when the people’s actual desires were for meat and bread, and some sense of food security:

Would that we had died by the hand of the Lord in the land of Egypt…

Who but the devil wishes this for the nation in whom all the families of the earth [shall] be blessed?⁶ Now hear the devil’s hope for Israel:

…you have brought us out into this wilderness to kill this whole assembly with hunger.

But the Lord had different plans (Exodus 16:4-15 ESV):

Then the Lord said to Moses, “Behold, I am about to rain bread from heaven for you, and the people shall go out and gather a day’s portion every day, that I may test them, whether they will walk in my law or not [Table]. On the sixth day, when they prepare what they bring in, it will be twice as much as they gather daily” [Table]. So Moses and Aaron said to all the people of Israel, “At evening you shall know that it was the Lord who brought you out of the land of Egypt, and in the morning you shall see the glory of the Lord, because he has heard your grumbling against the Lord. For what are we, that you grumble against us?” And Moses said, “When the Lord gives you in the evening meat to eat and in the morning bread to the full, because the Lord has heard your grumbling that you grumble against him—what are we? Your grumbling is not against us but against the Lord.”

Then Moses said to Aaron, “Say to the whole congregation of the people of Israel, ‘Come near before the Lord, for he has heard your grumbling.’” And as soon as Aaron spoke to the whole congregation of the people of Israel, they looked toward the wilderness, and behold, the glory of the Lord appeared in the cloud. And the Lord said to Moses, “I have heard the grumbling of the people of Israel. Say to them, ‘At twilight you shall eat meat, and in the morning you shall be filled with bread. Then you shall know that I am the Lord your God.’”

In the evening quail came up and covered the camp, and in the morning dew lay around the camp. And when the dew had gone up, there was on the face of the wilderness a fine, flake-like thing, fine as frost on the ground. When the people of Israel saw it, they said to one another, “What is it?” For they did not know what it was. And Moses said to them, “It is the bread that the Lord has given you to eat [Table].

As Jesus, the One new human, grew to maturity, He learned not only from his own experience with God his Father but, like a force multiplier, from the experience of others recorded in Scripture. As an adult He shared those insights, reasoning with the old human who gathered to hear Him (Matthew 6:25-33 ESV).

Therefore I tell you, do not be anxious about your life, what you will eat or what you will drink, nor about your body, what you will put on. Is not life more than food, and the body more than clothing? [Table] Look at the birds of the air: they neither sow nor reap nor gather into barns, and yet your heavenly Father feeds them. Are you not of more value than they? And which of you by being anxious can add a single hour to his span of life? And why are you anxious about clothing? Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow: they neither toil nor spin [Table], yet I tell you, even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these. But if God so clothes the grass of the field, which today is alive and tomorrow is thrown into the oven, will he not much more clothe you, O you of little faith? Therefore do not be anxious, saying, ‘What shall we eat?’ or ‘What shall we drink?’ or ‘What shall we wear?’ For the Gentiles seek after all these things, and your heavenly Father knows that you need them all [Table]. But seek first the kingdom of God and his righteousness, and all these things will be added to you [Table].

But Jesus…knew all people [Table] and needed no one to bear witness about man (ἀνθρώπου, a form of ἄνθρωπος), for he himself knew what was in man (ἀνθρώπῳ, another form of ἄνθρωπος).⁷ He knew the old human would not be persuaded by his example of faith and his reasoning alone. “Are you the teacher of Israel and yet you don’t understand these things?”⁸ He chided Nicodemus (John 3:5-8 NET):

“I tell you the solemn truth, unless a person is born of water and spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God [Table]. What is born of the flesh is flesh, and what is born of the Spirit is spirit. Do not be amazed that I said to you, ‘You must all be born from above.’ The wind blows wherever it will, and you hear the sound it makes, but do not know where it comes from and where it is going. So it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit.”

This is Jesus’ key to understanding the Scriptures: to know what is in man as He knew what was in man, to recognize the old human (τὸν παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον)—your old self, which belongs to your former manner of life and is corrupt through deceitful desires⁹—in these Bible stories, and to perceive the need to be born from above, born of the Spirit, a new human (τὸν καινὸν ἄνθρωπον)—the new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness.¹⁰

Moses continued (Exodus 16:16-20 ESV):

This is what the Lord has commanded: ‘Gather of it, each one of you, as much as he can eat. You shall each take an omer, according to the number of the persons that each of you has in his tent.’” And the people of Israel did so. They gathered, some more, some less. But when they measured it with an omer, whoever gathered much had nothing left over, and whoever gathered little had no lack. Each of them gathered as much as he could eat. And Moses said to them, “Let no one leave any of it over till the morning.” But they did not listen to Moses. Some left part of it till the morning, and it bred worms and stank. And Moses was angry with them [Table].

“Let no one leave any of it over till the morning.” It seems like a simple enough command to follow, but the old human (τὸν παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον)—your old self, which belongs to your former manner of life and is corrupt through deceitful desires¹¹—has difficulty with simple commands. It opts more often than not for its own deceitful desires. Moses was angry, but notice the Lord’s patience with the old human: He made sure that what was left over bred worms and stank (e.g., it was [not] good for food). And He made sure in some way that defies human explanation that when they measured [what they had gathered] with an omer, whoever gathered much had nothing left over, and whoever gathered little had no lack, fulfilling his command for them irrespective of their own work gathering much or little.

Morning by morning they gathered it, each as much as he could eat; but when the sun grew hot, it melted.

On the sixth day they gathered twice as much bread, two omers each. And when all the leaders of the congregation came and told Moses, he said to them, “This is what the Lord has commanded: ‘Tomorrow is a day of solemn rest, a holy Sabbath to the Lord; bake what you will bake and boil what you will boil, and all that is left over lay aside to be kept till the morning’” [Table]. So they laid it aside till the morning, as Moses commanded them, and it did not stink, and there were no worms in it [Table]. Moses said, “Eat it today, for today is a Sabbath to the Lord; today you will not find it in the field [Table]. Six days you shall gather it, but on the seventh day, which is a Sabbath, there will be none” [Table].

On the seventh day some of the people went out to gather, but they found none [Table].¹²

Patiently the Lord taught the old human, proving his word at every step. But his patience wasn’t limitless (Exodus 16:28-31 ESV).

And the Lord said to Moses, “How long will you refuse to keep my commandments and my laws? [Table] See! The Lord has given you the Sabbath; therefore on the sixth day he gives you bread for two days. Remain each of you in his place; let no one go out of his place on the seventh day” [Table]. So the people rested on the seventh day [Table].

Now the house of Israel called its name manna. It was like coriander seed, white, and the taste of it was like wafers made with honey.

We are meant to assume here that God spoke to Moses, who spoke to Aaron, who spoke to the people of Israel (Exodus 4:10-17). The Hebrew verb translated will you refuse is מֵאַנְתֶּם, a plural form of מָאֵן (mā’ēn). Though the translation will you refuse might lead me to expect an imperfect verb—describing “incomplete, ongoing, or potential” action—מֵאַנְתֶּם, a 2^nd person form of מָאֵן (mā’ēn), is actually a perfect verb—describing “completed” action—translated refuse ye in the KJV. It is also a Piel stem: “an intensive or causative version of the” Qal stem מָאֵן (mā’ēn). So, the Lord asked a question and the people rested on the seventh day. Why?

If one is inclined to reply, “the fear of the Lord,” I think I’m inclined to agree, though not the kind of fear that prompts a “fight or flight response.” There is no threat, either explicit or implicit, in the Lord’s question: How long will you refuse to keep my commandments and my laws? So the people rested on the seventh day. The reasons were already apparent as were the facts—anything left over from the first five days of the week bred worms and stank while anything left over from the sixth day did not stink, and there were no worms in it—and yet some refused to keep the Lord’s commandments and laws: On the seventh day some of the people went out to gather.

The old human is notoriously unreasonable, even to its own harm. After all, the old human’s father, the devil—whose desires the old human wants to do—wants you dead. So again I ask, why did the old human hear the Lord’s question, fear the Lord in the sense of reverencing Him and obey his word?

The One new human taught (Matthew 7:7-11 ESV):

Ask, and it will be given to you; seek, and you will find; knock, and it will be opened to you. For everyone who asks receives, and the one who seeks finds, and to the one who knocks it will be opened. Or which one of you, if his son asks him for bread, will give him a stone? Or if he asks for a fish, will give him a serpent? [Table] If you then, who are evil (πονηροὶ, a plural form of πονηρός), know how to give good (ἀγαθὰ, a plural form of ἀγαθός) gifts to your children, how much more will your Father who is in heaven give good things (ἀγαθὰ, a plural form of ἀγαθός) to those who ask him!

This seems to be the key in Exodus as well. Most of the adults the Lord addressed through Moses through Aaron with the question—How long will you refuse to keep my commandments and my laws?—were currently, or had been, parents of young children. It is the way God created humankind to live on the earth, the desires He programmed into human hearts. Despite being the old human, parents know how to give good gifts to [their] children. They also know the frustration of children who refuse the good they intend to give them. So here, even the old human can know the heart of God because He made it so from the beginning. So the people [mostly parents] rested on the seventh day.

This is another example of the Lord’s patience with the old human, Israel and the 24,000. And here is a glimpse into what is required to get the old human to rest one day in seven if the Lord commands it. For while we were living in the flesh (e.g., controlled by the old human), our sinful passions, aroused by the law, were at work in our members to bear fruit for death.¹³

For those who live according to the flesh set their minds on the things of the flesh, but those who live according to the Spirit set their minds on the things of the Spirit. For to set the mind on the flesh is death, but to set the mind on the Spirit is life and peace. For the mind that is set on the flesh is hostile to God, for it does not submit to God’s law; indeed, it cannot. Those who are in the flesh (ἐν σαρκὶ in the dative case; e.g., “by means of the flesh”) cannot please God.¹⁴

Paul called my brothers, my kinsmen according to the flesh¹⁵ a cultivated olive tree as distinguished from Gentiles, a wild olive tree.¹⁶ I will call them the cultivated old human for the sake of clarity in what follows. As difficult as it was to get Israel to rest one day in seven at the Lord’s command, once that command was inculcated into the cultivated old human, pursued [as] a law that would lead to righteousness¹⁷ as if it were based on works,¹⁸ even that cultivated old human still found itself at odds with Jesus, the One new human, over this very Sabbath rest (Mark 2:23-3:6 ESV).

One Sabbath he was going through the grainfields, and as they made their way, his disciples began to pluck heads of grain. And the Pharisees were saying to him, “Look, why are they doing what is not lawful on¹⁹ the Sabbath?” And he said²⁰ to them, “Have you never read what David²¹ did (1 Samuel 21:1-7), when he was in need and was hungry, he and those who were with him: how he entered the house of God, in the time of Abiathar the high priest, and ate the bread of the Presence, which it is not lawful for any but the priests²² to eat, and also gave it to those who were with him?” And he said to them, “The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath [Table]. So the Son of Man is lord even of the Sabbath.”
Again he entered the synagogue, and a man was there with a withered hand. And they watched Jesus, to see whether he would heal him on the Sabbath, so that they might accuse him. And he said to the man with the withered²³ hand, “Come²⁴ here.” And he said to them, “Is it lawful on the Sabbath to do good²⁵ or to do harm, to save life or to kill?” But they were silent. And he looked around at them with anger, grieved at their hardness of heart, and said to the man, “Stretch out your²⁶ hand.” He stretched it out, and his hand was restored.²⁷ The Pharisees went out and immediately held²⁸ counsel with the Herodians against him, how to destroy him [Table].

No achievements of religious or worldly authority defend one from the dictates of the old human (τὸν παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον)—your old self, which belongs to your former manner of life and is corrupt through deceitful desires.²⁹

The Pharisees were a prominent Jewish sect during the Second Temple period, known for their strict adherence to the Law of Moses and the oral traditions that they believed were equally authoritative. They were influential in the synagogues and among the common people, emphasizing purity, tithing, and Sabbath observance. The Pharisees believed in the resurrection of the dead, the existence of angels and spirits, and the coming of the Messiah.³⁰
The Herodians were a political group associated with the Herodian dynasty, which ruled parts of Judea under Roman authority. Unlike the Pharisees, the Herodians were more aligned with the Roman government and the Herodian rulers, who were seen as collaborators with the occupying power. Their primary interest was maintaining the political status quo and the favor of Rome.³¹

The old human united these natural enemies in common cause against the Word of God come in human flesh, the One new human. What I have called the religious mind focuses primarily on the religious aspect of this phenomenon. The old human is a much better description (though I probably won’t change the name of this site at this late date).

Tables comparing Exodus 16:1; 16:2; 16:3; 16:6; 16:7; 16:8; 16:9; 16:10; 16:11; 16:12; 16:13; 16:14; 16:16; 16:17; 16:18; 16:19; 16:21; 16:22 and 16:31 in the Tanakh, KJV and NET, and comparing the Greek of Exodus 16:1; 16:2; 16:3; 16:6; 16:7; 16:8; 16:9; 16:10; 16:11; 16:12; 16:13; 16:14; 16:16; 16:17; 16:18; 16:19; 16:21; 16:22 and 16:31 in the Septuagint (BLB and Elpenor), and tables comparing Mark 2:24-26 and 3:3-5 in the NET and KJV follow.

Exodus 16:1 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:1 (KJV)	Exodus 16:1 (NET)
And they took their journey from Elim, and all the congregation of the children of Israel came unto the wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after their departing out of the land of Egypt.	And they took their journey from Elim, and all the congregation of the children of Israel came unto the wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after their departing out of the land of Egypt.	When they journeyed from Elim, the entire company of Israelites came to the wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after their exodus from the land of Egypt.

Exodus 16:1 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:1 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἀπῆραν δὲ ἐξ Αιλιμ καὶ ἤλθοσαν πᾶσα συναγωγὴ υἱῶν Ισραηλ εἰς τὴν ἔρημον Σιν ὅ ἐστιν ἀνὰ μέσον Αιλιμ καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον Σινα τῇ δὲ πεντεκαιδεκάτῃ ἡμέρᾳ τῷ μηνὶ τῷ δευτέρῳ ἐξεληλυθότων αὐτῶν ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου	ΑΠῌΡΑΝ δὲ ἐξ Αἰλεὶμ καὶ ἤλθοσαν πᾶσα συναγωγὴ υἱῶν ᾿Ισραὴλ εἰς τὴν ἔρημον Σίν, ὅ ἐστιν ἀνὰ μέσον Αἰλεὶμ καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον Σινά. τῇ δὲ πεντεκαιδεκάτῃ ἡμέρᾳ τῷ μηνὶ τῷ δευτέρῳ ἐξεληλυθότων αὐτῶν ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου
Exodus 16:1 (NETS)	Exodus 16:1 (English Elpenor)
And they set out from Ailim, and the entire congregation of the sons of Israel came to the wilderness of Sin, which is between Ailim and between Sina. And on the fifteenth day, in the second month, after they had gone out from the land of Egypt,	And they departed from Aelim, and all the congregation of the children of Israel came to the wilderness of Sin, which is between Aelim and Sina; and on the fifteenth day, in the second month after their departure from the land of Egypt,

Exodus 16:2 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:2 (KJV)	Exodus 16:2 (NET)
And the whole congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and against Aaron in the wilderness;	And the whole congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness:	The entire company of Israelites murmured against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness.

Exodus 16:2 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:2 (Septuagint Elpenor)
διεγόγγυζεν πᾶσα συναγωγὴ υἱῶν Ισραηλ ἐπὶ Μωυσῆν καὶ Ααρων	διεγόγγυζε πᾶσα συναγωγὴ υἱῶν ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐπὶ Μωυσῆν καὶ ᾿Ααρών
Exodus 16:2 (NETS)	Exodus 16:2 (English Elpenor)
the entire congregation of the sons of Israel was complaining against Moyses and Aaron,	all the congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses and Aaron.

Exodus 16:3 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:3 (KJV)	Exodus 16:3 (NET)
and the children of Israel said unto them: ‘Would that we had died by the hand of HaShem in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the flesh-pots, when we did eat bread to the full; for ye have brought us forth into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly with hunger.’	And the children of Israel said unto them, Would to God we had died by the hand of the LORD in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the flesh pots, and when we did eat bread to the full; for ye have brought us forth into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly with hunger.	The Israelites said to them, “If only we had died by the hand of the Lord in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the pots of meat, when we ate bread to the full, for you have brought us out into this wilderness to kill this whole assembly with hunger!”

Exodus 16:3 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:3 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπαν πρὸς αὐτοὺς οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ ὄφελον ἀπεθάνομεν πληγέντες ὑπὸ κυρίου ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ ὅταν ἐκαθίσαμεν ἐπὶ τῶν λεβήτων τῶν κρεῶν καὶ ἠσθίομεν ἄρτους εἰς πλησμονήν ὅτι ἐξηγάγετε ἡμᾶς εἰς τὴν ἔρημον ταύτην ἀποκτεῖναι πᾶσαν τὴν συναγωγὴν ταύτην ἐν λιμῷ	καὶ εἶπαν πρὸς αὐτοὺς οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραήλ· ὄφελον ἀπεθάνομεν πληγέντες ὑπὸ Κυρίου ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ, ὅταν ἐκαθίσαμεν ἐπὶ τῶν λεβήτων τῶν κρεῶν καὶ ἠσθίομεν ἄρτους εἰς πλησμονήν· ὅτι ἐξήγαγε ἡμᾶς εἰς τὴν ἔρημον ταύτην ἀποκτεῖναι πᾶσαν τὴν συναγωγὴν ταύτην ἐν λιμῷ
Exodus 16:3 (NETS)	Exodus 16:3 (English Elpenor)
and the sons of Israel said to them, “If only we had died, struck by the Lord, in the land, Egypt, when we sat at the cauldrons of meat and were eating bread to the full, because you led us out into this wilderness to kill all this congregation by famine.”	And the children of Israel said to them, Would we had died smitten by the Lord in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the flesh-pots, and ate bread to satiety! for ye have brought us out into this wilderness, to slay all this congregation with hunger.

Exodus 16:6 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:6 (KJV)	Exodus 16:6 (NET)
And Moses and Aaron said unto all the children of Israel: ‘At even, then ye shall know that HaShem hath brought you out from the land of Egypt;	And Moses and Aaron said unto all the children of Israel, At even, then ye shall know that the LORD hath brought you out from the land of Egypt:	Moses and Aaron said to all the Israelites, “In the evening you will know that the Lord has brought you out of the land of Egypt,

Exodus 16:6 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:6 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν Μωυσῆς καὶ Ααρων πρὸς πᾶσαν συναγωγὴν υἱῶν Ισραηλ ἑσπέρας γνώσεσθε ὅτι κύριος ἐξήγαγεν ὑμᾶς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου	καὶ εἶπε Μωυσῆς καὶ ᾿Ααρὼν πρὸς πᾶσαν συναγωγὴν υἱῶν ᾿Ισραήλ· ἑσπέρας γνώσεσθε ὅτι Κύριος ἐξήγαγεν ὑμᾶς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου
Exodus 16:6 (NETS)	Exodus 16:6 (English Elpenor)
Then Moyses and Aaron said to the entire congregation of the sons of Israel, “At evening you shall know that the Lord brought you out of the land of Egypt,	And Moses and Aaron said to all the congregation of the children of Israel, At even ye shall know that the Lord has brought you out of the land of Egypt;

Exodus 16:7 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:7 (KJV)	Exodus 16:7 (NET)
and in the morning, then ye shall see the glory of HaShem; for that He hath heard your murmurings against HaShem; and what are we, that ye murmur against us?’	And in the morning, then ye shall see the glory of the LORD; for that he heareth your murmurings against the LORD: and what are we, that ye murmur against us?	and in the morning you will see the glory of the Lord, because he has heard your murmurings against the Lord. As for us, what are we, that you should murmur against us?”

Exodus 16:7 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:7 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ πρωὶ ὄψεσθε τὴν δόξαν κυρίου ἐν τῷ εἰσακοῦσαι τὸν γογγυσμὸν ὑμῶν ἐπὶ τῷ θεῷ ἡμεῖς δὲ τί ἐσμεν ὅτι διαγογγύζετε καθ᾽ ἡμῶν	καὶ πρωΐ ὄψεσθε τὴν δόξαν Κυρίου ἐν τῷ εἰσακοῦσαι τὸν γογγυσμὸν ὑμῶν ἐπὶ τῷ Θεῷ· ἡμεῖς δὲ τί ἐσμεν ὅτι διαγογγύζετε καθ᾿ ἡμῶν
Exodus 16:7 (NETS)	Exodus 16:7 (English Elpenor)
and in the morning you shall see the glory of the Lord, when he heard your complaining against God. But we, what are we that you complain against us?”	and in the morning ye shall see the glory of the Lord, inasmuch as he hears your murmuring against God; and who are we, that ye continue to murmur against us?

Exodus 16:8 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:8 (KJV)	Exodus 16:8 (NET)
And Moses said: ‘This shall be, when HaShem shall give you in the evening flesh to eat, and in the morning bread to the full; for that HaShem heareth your murmurings which ye murmur against Him; and what are we? your murmurings are not against us, but against HaShem.’	And Moses said, This shall be, when the LORD shall give you in the evening flesh to eat, and in the morning bread to the full; for that the LORD heareth your murmurings which ye murmur against him: and what are we? your murmurings are not against us, but against the LORD.	Moses said, “You will know this when the Lord gives you meat to eat in the evening and bread in the morning to satisfy you, because the Lord has heard your murmurings that you are murmuring against him. As for us, what are we? Your murmurings are not against us, but against the Lord.”

Exodus 16:8 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:8 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν Μωυσῆς ἐν τῷ διδόναι κύριον ὑμῖν ἑσπέρας κρέα φαγεῖν καὶ ἄρτους τὸ πρωὶ εἰς πλησμονὴν διὰ τὸ εἰσακοῦσαι κύριον τὸν γογγυσμὸν ὑμῶν ὃν ὑμεῖς διαγογγύζετε καθ᾽ ἡμῶν ἡμεῖς δὲ τί ἐσμεν οὐ γὰρ καθ᾽ ἡμῶν ὁ γογγυσμὸς ὑμῶν ἐστιν ἀλλ᾽ ἢ κατὰ τοῦ θεοῦ	καὶ εἶπε Μωυσῆς· ἐν τῷ διδόναι Κύριον ὑμῖν ἑσπέρας κρέα φαγεῖν καὶ ἄρτους τὸ πρωΐ εἰς πλησμονὴν διὰ τὸ εἰσακοῦσαι Κύριον τὸν γογγυσμὸν ὑμῶν, ὃν ὑμεῖς διαγογγύζετε καθ᾿ ἡμῶν· ἡμεῖς δὲ τί ἐσμεν; οὐ γὰρ καθ᾿ ἡμῶν ἐστιν ὁ γογγυσμὸς ὑμῶν· ἀλλ᾿ ἢ κατὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ
Exodus 16:8 (NETS)	Exodus 16:8 (English Elpenor)
And Moyses said, “When the Lord gives you meat in the evening to eat and bread in the morning to the full, because the Lord heard your complaining which you complain against us, then we, what are we? For not against us is your complaining, but rather against God.”	And Moses said, [This shall be] when the Lord gives you in the evening flesh to eat, and bread in the morning to satiety, because the Lord has heard your murmuring, which ye murmur against us: and what are we? for your murmuring is not against us, but against God.

Exodus 16:9 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:9 (KJV)	Exodus 16:9 (NET)
And Moses said unto Aaron: ‘Say unto all the congregation of the children of Israel: Come near before HaShem; for He hath heard your murmurings.’	And Moses spake unto Aaron, Say unto all the congregation of the children of Israel, Come near before the LORD: for he hath heard your murmurings.	Then Moses said to Aaron, “Tell the whole community of the Israelites, ‘Come before the Lord, because he has heard your murmurings.’”

Exodus 16:9 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:9 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς Ααρων εἰπὸν πάσῃ συναγωγῇ υἱῶν Ισραηλ προσέλθατε ἐναντίον τοῦ θεοῦ εἰσακήκοεν γὰρ ὑμῶν τὸν γογγυσμόν	εἶπε δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς ᾿Ααρών· εἰπὸν πάσῃ συναγωγῇ υἱῶν ᾿Ισραήλ· προσέλθετε ἐναντίον τοῦ Θεοῦ· εἰσακήκοε γὰρ τὸν γογγυσμὸν ὑμῶν
Exodus 16:9 (NETS)	Exodus 16:9 (English Elpenor)
And Moyses said to Aaron, “Say to the entire congregation of the sons of Israel: Draw near before God. For he heard your complaining.”	And Moses said to Aaron, Say to all the congregation of the children of Israel, Come near before God; for he has heard your murmuring.

Exodus 16:10 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:10 (KJV)	Exodus 16:10 (NET)
And it came to pass, as Aaron spoke unto the whole congregation of the children of Israel, that they looked toward the wilderness, and, behold, the glory of HaShem appeared in the cloud.	And it came to pass, as Aaron spake unto the whole congregation of the children of Israel, that they looked toward the wilderness, and, behold, the glory of the LORD appeared in the cloud.	As Aaron spoke to the whole community of the Israelites and they looked toward the wilderness, there the glory of the Lord appeared in the cloud,

Exodus 16:10 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:10 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἡνίκα δὲ ἐλάλει Ααρων πάσῃ συναγωγῇ υἱῶν Ισραηλ καὶ ἐπεστράφησαν εἰς τὴν ἔρημον καὶ ἡ δόξα κυρίου ὤφθη ἐν νεφέλῃ	ἡνίκα δὲ ἐλάλει ᾿Ααρὼν πάσῃ συναγωγῇ υἱῶν ᾿Ισραήλ, καὶ ἐπεστράφησαν εἰς τὴν ἔρημον, καὶ ἡ δόξα Κυρίου ὤφθη ἐν νεφέλῃ
Exodus 16:10 (NETS)	Exodus 16:10 (English Elpenor)
And when Aaron was speaking to the entire congregation of the sons of Israel, they also turned about towards the wilderness, and the glory of the Lord appeared in a cloud.	And when Aaron spoke to all the congregation of the children of Israel, and they turned toward the wilderness, then the glory of the Lord appeared in a cloud.

Exodus 16:11 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:11 (KJV)	Exodus 16:11 (NET)
And HaShem spoke unto Moses, saying:	And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,	and the Lord spoke to Moses,

Exodus 16:11 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:11 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐλάλησεν κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν λέγων	καὶ ἐλάλησε Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν λέγων
Exodus 16:11 (NETS)	Exodus 16:11 (English Elpenor)
And the Lord spoke to Moyses, saying,	And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,

Exodus 16:12 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:12 (KJV)	Exodus 16:12 (NET)
‘I have heard the murmurings of the children of Israel. Speak unto them, saying: At dusk ye shall eat flesh, and in the morning ye shall be filled with bread; and ye shall know that I am HaShem your G-d.’	I have heard the murmurings of the children of Israel: speak unto them, saying, At even ye shall eat flesh, and in the morning ye shall be filled with bread; and ye shall know that I am the LORD your God.	“I have heard the murmurings of the Israelites. Tell them, ‘During the evening you will eat meat, and in the morning you will be satisfied with bread, so that you may know that I am the Lord your God.’”

Exodus 16:12 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:12 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἰσακήκοα τὸν γογγυσμὸν τῶν υἱῶν Ισραηλ λάλησον πρὸς αὐτοὺς λέγων τὸ πρὸς ἑσπέραν ἔδεσθε κρέα καὶ τὸ πρωὶ πλησθήσεσθε ἄρτων καὶ γνώσεσθε ὅτι ἐγὼ κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὑμῶν	εἰσακήκοα τὸν γογγυσμὸν τῶν υἱῶν ᾿Ισραήλ· λάλησον πρὸς αὐτοὺς λέγων· τὸ πρὸς ἑσπέραν ἔδεσθε κρέα καὶ τὸ πρωΐ πλησθήσεσθε ἄρτων· καὶ γνώσεσθε ὅτι ἐγὼ Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ὑμῶν
Exodus 16:12 (NETS)	Exodus 16:12 (English Elpenor)
“I have heard the complaining of the sons of Israel. Speak to them saying: Towards evening you shall eat meat, and in the morning you shall be filled with bread. And you shall know that I am the Lord, your God.”	I have heard the murmuring of the children of Israel: speak to them, saying, Towards evening ye shall eat flesh, and in the morning ye shall be satisfied with bread; and ye shall know that I am the Lord your God.

Exodus 16:13 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:13 (KJV)	Exodus 16:13 (NET)
And it came to pass at even, that the quails came up, and covered the camp; and in the morning there was a layer of dew round about the camp.	And it came to pass, that at even the quails came up, and covered the camp: and in the morning the dew lay round about the host.	In the evening the quail came up and covered the camp, and in the morning a layer of dew was all around the camp.

Exodus 16:13 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:13 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐγένετο δὲ ἑσπέρα καὶ ἀνέβη ὀρτυγομήτρα καὶ ἐκάλυψεν τὴν παρεμβολήν τὸ πρωὶ ἐγένετο καταπαυομένης τῆς δρόσου κύκλῳ τῆς παρεμβολῆς	ἐγένετο δὲ ἑσπέρα, καὶ ἀνέβη ὀρτυγομήτρα καὶ ἐκάλυψε τὴν παρεμβολήν· τὸ πρωΐ ἐγένετο καταπαυομένης τῆς δρόσου κύκλῳ τῆς παρεμβολῆς
Exodus 16:13 (NETS)	Exodus 16:13, 14a (English Elpenor)
So evening came and quail came up and covered the camp. Then morning came when the dew was lifting around the camp,	And it was evening, and quails came up and covered the camp: (14) in the morning it came to pass as the dew ceased round about the camp,

Exodus 16:14 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:14 (KJV)	Exodus 16:14 (NET)
And when the layer of dew was gone up, behold upon the face of the wilderness a fine, scale-like thing, fine as the hoar-frost on the ground.	And when the dew that lay was gone up, behold, upon the face of the wilderness there lay a small round thing, as small as the hoar frost on the ground.	When the layer of dew had evaporated, there on the surface of the wilderness was a thin flaky substance, thin like frost on the earth.

Exodus 16:14 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:14 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐπὶ πρόσωπον τῆς ἐρήμου λεπτὸν ὡσεὶ κόριον λευκὸν ὡσεὶ πάγος ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς	καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐπὶ πρόσωπον τῆς ἐρήμου λεπτὸν ὡσεὶ κόριον λευκόν, ὡσεὶ πάγος ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς
Exodus 16:14 (NETS)	Exodus 16:14b (English Elpenor)
and look, upon the surface of the wilderness was something fine like coriander, white like frost on the ground.	that, behold, on the face of the wilderness [was] a small thing like white coriander seed, as frost upon the earth.

Exodus 16:16 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:16 (KJV)	Exodus 16:16 (NET)
This is the thing which HaShem hath commanded: Gather ye of it every man according to his eating; an omer a head, according to the number of your persons, shall ye take it, every man for them that are in his tent.’	This is the thing which the LORD hath commanded, Gather of it every man according to his eating, an omer for every man, according to the number of your persons; take ye every man for them which are in his tents.	“This is what the Lord has commanded: ‘Each person is to gather from it what he can eat, an omer per person according to the number of your people; each one will pick it up for whoever lives in his tent.’”

Exodus 16:16 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:16 (Septuagint Elpenor)
τοῦτο τὸ ῥῆμα ὃ συνέταξεν κύριος συναγάγετε ἀπ᾽ αὐτοῦ ἕκαστος εἰς τοὺς καθήκοντας γομορ κατὰ κεφαλὴν κατὰ ἀριθμὸν ψυχῶν ὑμῶν ἕκαστος σὺν τοῖς συσκηνίοις ὑμῶν συλλέξατε	τοῦτο τὸ ῥῆμα ὃ συνέταξε Κύριος· συναγάγετε ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ ἕκαστος εἰς τοὺς καθήκοντας, γομὸρ κατὰ κεφαλὴν κατὰ ἀριθμὸν ψυχῶν ὑμῶν, ἕκαστος σὺν τοῖς συσκηνίοις ὑμῶν συλλέξατε
Exodus 16:16 (NETS)	Exodus 16:16b (English Elpenor)
This is the word that the Lord instructed, ‘Each person gather from it for those appropriate; a gomor per head, according to the number of your souls, each of you with your tent mates collect’.”	This is that which the Lord has appointed: gather of it each man for his family, a homer for each person, according to the number of your souls, gather each of you with his fellow-lodgers.

Exodus 16:17 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:17 (KJV)	Exodus 16:17 (NET)
And the children of Israel did so, and gathered some more, some less.	And the children of Israel did so, and gathered, some more, some less.	The Israelites did so, and they gathered—some more, some less.

Exodus 16:17 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:17 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐποίησαν δὲ οὕτως οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ καὶ συνέλεξαν ὁ τὸ πολὺ καὶ ὁ τὸ ἔλαττον	ἐποίησαν δὲ οὕτως οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ καὶ συνέλεξαν ὁ τὸ πολὺ καὶ ὁ τὸ ἔλαττον
Exodus 16:17 (NETS)	Exodus 16:17 (English Elpenor)
And the sons of Israel did so, and they collected, the one much and the other less.	And the children of Israel did so, and gathered some much and some less.

Exodus 16:18 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:18 (KJV)	Exodus 16:18 (NET)
And when they did mete it with an omer, he that gathered much had nothing over, and he that gathered little had no lack; they gathered every man according to his eating.	And when they did mete it with an omer, he that gathered much had nothing over, and he that gathered little had no lack; they gathered every man according to his eating.	When they measured with an omer, the one who gathered much had nothing left over, and the one who gathered little lacked nothing; each one had gathered what he could eat.

Exodus 16:18 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:18 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ μετρήσαντες τῷ γομορ οὐκ ἐπλεόνασεν ὁ τὸ πολύ καὶ ὁ τὸ ἔλαττον οὐκ ἠλαττόνησεν ἕκαστος εἰς τοὺς καθήκοντας παρ᾽ ἑαυτῷ συνέλεξαν	καὶ μετρήσαντες γομόρ, οὐκ ἐπλεόνασεν ὁ τὸ πολύ, καὶ ὁ τὸ ἔλαττον οὐκ ἠλαττόνησεν· ἕκαστος εἰς τοὺς καθήκοντας παρ᾿ ἑαυτῷ συνέλεξαν
Exodus 16:18 (NETS)	Exodus 16:18 (English Elpenor)
And they measured by the gomor. The one with much did not have excess, and the one with less did not have too little. Each person collected for those appropriate at his own home.	And having measured the homer [full], he that gathered much had nothing over, and he that had gathered less had no lack; each gathered according to the need of those who belonged to him.

Exodus 16:19 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:19 (KJV)	Exodus 16:19 (NET)
And Moses said unto them: ‘Let no man leave of it till the morning.’	And Moses said, Let no man leave of it till the morning.	Moses said to them, “No one is to keep any of it until morning.”

Exodus 16:19 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:19 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς αὐτούς μηδεὶς καταλιπέτω ἀπ᾽ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ πρωί	εἶπε δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς αὐτούς· μηδεὶς καταλειπέτω ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ πρωΐ
Exodus 16:19 (NETS)	Exodus 16:19 (English Elpenor)
Then Moyses said to them, “Let no one leave any of it to the morning.”	And Moses said to them, Let no man leave of it till the morning.

Exodus 16:21 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:21 (KJV)	Exodus 16:21 (NET)
And they gathered it morning by morning, every man according to his eating; and as the sun waxed hot, it melted.	And they gathered it every morning, every man according to his eating: and when the sun waxed hot, it melted.	So they gathered it each morning, each person according to what he could eat, and when the sun got hot, it would melt.

Exodus 16:21 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:21 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ συνέλεξαν αὐτὸ πρωὶ πρωί ἕκαστος τὸ καθῆκον αὐτῷ ἡνίκα δὲ διεθέρμαινεν ὁ ἥλιος ἐτήκετο	καὶ συνέλεξαν αὐτὸ πρωΐ πρωΐ, ἕκαστος τὸ καθῆκον αὐτῷ· ἡνίκα δὲ διεθέρμαινεν ὁ ἥλιος, ἐτήκετο
Exodus 16:21 (NETS)	Exodus 16:21 (English Elpenor)
And they collected it morning by morning, each person that which was appropriate for him. But when the sun grew hot, it melted.	And they gathered it every morning, each man what he needed, and when the sun waxed hot it melted.

Exodus 16:22 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:22 (KJV)	Exodus 16:22 (NET)
And it came to pass that on the sixth day they gathered twice as much bread, two omers for each one; and all the rulers of the congregation came and told Moses.	And it came to pass, that on the sixth day they gathered twice as much bread, two omers for one man: and all the rulers of the congregation came and told Moses.	And on the sixth day they gathered twice as much food, two omers per person; and all the leaders of the community came and told Moses..

Exodus 16:22 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:22 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐγένετο δὲ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἕκτῃ συνέλεξαν τὰ δέοντα διπλᾶ δύο Γομορ τῷ ἑνί εἰσήλθοσαν δὲ πάντες οἱ ἄρχοντες τῆς συναγωγῆς καὶ ἀνήγγειλαν Μωυσεῖ	ἐγένετο δὲ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἕκτῃ, συνέλεξαν τὰ δέοντα διπλᾶ, δύο γομὸρ τῷ ἑνί· εἰσήλθοσαν δὲ πάντες οἱ ἄρχοντες τῆς συναγωγῆς καὶ ἀνήγγειλαν Μωυσῇ
Exodus 16:22 (NETS)	Exodus 16:22 (English Elpenor)
But it happened on the sixth day, they collected double what was required, two gomors for one person. And all the leaders of the congregation went in and reported to Moyses.	And it came to pass on the sixth day, they gathered double what was needed, two homers for one [man]; and all the chiefs of the synagogue went in and reported it to Moses.

Exodus 16:31 (Tanakh)	Exodus 16:31 (KJV)	Exodus 16:31 (NET)
And the house of Israel called the name thereof Manna; and it was like coriander seed, white; and the taste of it was like wafers made with honey.	And the house of Israel called the name thereof Manna: and it was like coriander seed, white; and the taste of it was like wafers made with honey.	The house of Israel called its name “manna.” It was like coriander seed and was white, and it tasted like wafers with honey.

Exodus 16:31 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 16:31 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐπωνόμασαν οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Μαν ἦν δὲ ὡς σπέρμα κορίου λευκόν τὸ δὲ γεῦμα αὐτοῦ ὡς ἐγκρὶς ἐν μέλιτι	καὶ ἐπωνόμασαν οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, μάν· ἦν δὲ ὡσεὶ σπέρμα κορίου λευκόν, τὸ δὲ γεῦμα αὐτοῦ ὡς ἐγκρὶς ἐν μέλιτι
Exodus 16:31 (NETS)	Exodus 16:31 (English Elpenor)
And the sons of Israel called its name Man. Now it was white like coriander seed, but its taste was like cake with honey.	And the children of Israel called the name of it Man; and it was as white coriander seed, and the taste of it as a wafer with honey.

Mark 2:24-26 (NET)	Mark 2:24-26 (KJV)
So the Pharisees said to him, “Look, why are they doing what is against the law on the Sabbath?”	And the Pharisees said unto him, Behold, why do they on the sabbath day that which is not lawful?

Mark 2:24 (NET Parallel Greek)	Mark 2:24 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Mark 2:24 (Byzantine Majority Text)
καὶ οἱ Φαρισαῖοι ἔλεγον αὐτῷ· ἴδε τί ποιοῦσιν τοῖς σάββασιν ὃ οὐκ ἔξεστιν	και οι φαρισαιοι ελεγον αυτω ιδε τι ποιουσιν εν τοις σαββασιν ο ουκ εξεστιν	και οι φαρισαιοι ελεγον αυτω ιδε τι ποιουσιν εν τοις σαββασιν ο ουκ εξεστιν

He said to them, “Have you never read what David did when he was in need and he and his companions were hungry—

And he said unto them, Have ye never read what David did, when he had need, and was an hungred, he, and they that were with him?

Mark 2:25 (NET Parallel Greek)	Mark 2:25 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Mark 2:25 (Byzantine Majority Text)
καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς· οὐδέποτε ἀνέγνωτε τί ἐποίησεν Δαυὶδ ὅτε χρείαν ἔσχεν καὶ ἐπείνασεν αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ	και αυτος ελεγεν αυτοις ουδεποτε ανεγνωτε τι εποιησεν δαβιδ οτε χρειαν εσχεν και επεινασεν αυτος και οι μετ αυτου	και αυτος ελεγεν αυτοις ουδεποτε ανεγνωτε τι εποιησεν δαυιδ οτε χρειαν εσχεν και επεινασεν αυτος και οι μετ αυτου

how he entered the house of God when Abiathar was high priest and ate the sacred bread, which is against the law for any but the priests to eat, and also gave it to his companions?”

How he went into the house of God in the days of Abiathar the high priest, and did eat the shewbread, which is not lawful to eat but for the priests, and gave also to them which were with him?

Mark 2:26 (NET Parallel Greek)	Mark 2:26 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Mark 2:26 (Byzantine Majority Text)
\|πῶς\| εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ θεοῦ ἐπὶ Ἀβιαθὰρ ἀρχιερέως καὶ τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς προθέσεως ἔφαγεν, οὓς οὐκ ἔξεστιν φαγεῖν εἰ μὴ τοὺς ἱερεῖς, καὶ ἔδωκεν καὶ τοῖς σὺν αὐτῷ οὖσιν	πως εισηλθεν εις τον οικον του θεου επι αβιαθαρ του αρχιερεως και τους αρτους της προθεσεως εφαγεν ους ουκ εξεστιν φαγειν ει μη τοις ιερευσιν και εδωκεν και τοις συν αυτω ουσιν	πως εισηλθεν εις τον οικον του θεου επι αβιαθαρ αρχιερεως και τους αρτους της προθεσεως εφαγεν ους ουκ εξεστιν φαγειν ει μη τοις ιερευσιν και εδωκεν και τοις συν αυτω ουσιν

Mark 3:3-5 (NET)	Mark 3:3-5 (KJV)
So he said to the man who had the withered hand, “Stand up among all these people.”	And he saith unto the man which had the withered hand, Stand forth.

Mark 3:3 (NET Parallel Greek)	Mark 3:3 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Mark 3:3 (Byzantine Majority Text)
καὶ λέγει τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ τῷ τὴν \|ξηρὰν\| χεῖρα ἔχοντι · ἔγειρε εἰς τὸ μέσον	και λεγει τω ανθρωπω τω εξηραμμενην εχοντι την χειρα εγειραι εις το μεσον	και λεγει τω ανθρωπω τω εξηραμμενην εχοντι την χειρα εγειραι εις το μεσον

Then he said to them, “Is it lawful to do good on the Sabbath, or evil, to save a life or destroy it?” But they were silent.

And he saith unto them, Is it lawful to do good on the sabbath days, or to do evil? to save life, or to kill? But they held their peace.

Mark 3:4 (NET Parallel Greek)	Mark 3:4 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Mark 3:4 (Byzantine Majority Text)
καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς· ἔξεστιν τοῖς σάββασιν \|ἀγαθὸν ποιῆσαι\| ἢ κακοποιῆσαι, ψυχὴν σῶσαι ἢ ἀποκτεῖναι; οἱ δὲ ἐσιώπων	και λεγει αυτοις εξεστιν τοις σαββασιν αγαθοποιησαι η κακοποιησαι ψυχην σωσαι η αποκτειναι οι δε εσιωπων	και λεγει αυτοις εξεστιν τοις σαββασιν αγαθοποιησαι η κακοποιησαι ψυχην σωσαι η αποκτειναι οι δε εσιωπων

After looking around at them in anger, grieved by the hardness of their hearts, he said to the man, “Stretch out your hand.” He stretched it out, and his hand was restored.

And when he had looked round about on them with anger, being grieved for the hardness of their hearts, he saith unto the man, Stretch forth thine hand. And he stretched it out: and his hand was restored whole as the other.

Mark 3:5 (NET Parallel Greek)	Mark 3:5 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Mark 3:5 (Byzantine Majority Text)
καὶ περιβλεψάμενος αὐτοὺς μετ᾿ ὀργῆς, συλλυπούμενος ἐπὶ τῇ πωρώσει τῆς καρδίας αὐτῶν λέγει τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ· ἔκτεινον τὴν χεῖρα . καὶ ἐξέτεινεν καὶ ἀπεκατεστάθη ἡ χεὶρ αὐτοῦ	και περιβλεψαμενος αυτους μετ οργης συλλυπουμενος επι τη πωρωσει της καρδιας αυτων λεγει τω ανθρωπω εκτεινον την χειρα σου και εξετεινεν και αποκατεσταθη η χειρ αυτου υγιης ως η αλλη	και περιβλεψαμενος αυτους μετ οργης συλλυπουμενος επι τη πωρωσει της καρδιας αυτων λεγει τω ανθρωπω εκτεινον την χειρα σου και εξετεινεν και αποκατεσταθη η χειρ αυτου υγιης ως η αλλη

Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 5

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Back to Exploration, Part 19

¹ Ephesians 4:22b (ESV)

² Philippians 4:5b (ESV)

³ Philippians 4:6b (ESV)

⁴ John 8:31a (ESV)

⁵ John 8:44a (ESV) Table

⁶ Genesis 28:14b (ESV) Table

⁷ John 2:24, 25 (ESV)

⁸ John 3:10 (NET) Table

⁹ Ephesians 4:22b (ESV)

¹⁰ Ephesians 4:24b (ESV)

¹¹ Ephesians 4:22b (ESV)

¹² Exodus 16:21-27 (ESV)

¹³ Romans 7:5 (ESV)

¹⁴ Romans 8:5-8 (ESV)

¹⁵ Romans 9:3b (ESV) Table

¹⁶ Romans 11:24 (ESV)

¹⁷ Romans 9:31 (ESV) Table

¹⁸ Romans 9:32 (ESV) Table

¹⁹ The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had the preposition εν here. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

²⁰ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had λέγει here, a 3^rd person singular form of λέγω in the present tense, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had αυτος ελεγεν in the imperfect tense.

²¹ In the NET parallel Greek text, NA²⁸ and Byzantine Majority Text David was spelled Δαυὶδ, and δαβιδ in the Stephanus Textus Receptus.

²² The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had τοὺς ἱερεῖς here in the accusative case, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had τοις ιερευσιν in the dative case.

²³ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had the adjective ξηρὰν here, an accusative form of ξηρός, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had εξηραμμενην, a perfect participle of the verb ξηραίνω.

²⁴ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had ἔγειρε here, a 2^nd person imperative form of ἐγείρω in the present tense, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had an aorist infinitive εγειραι (e.g., “to stand”).

²⁵ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had ἀγαθὸν ποιῆσαι here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had the compound verb αγαθοποιησαι.

²⁶ The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had the genitive pronoun σου here. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

²⁷ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had ἀπεκατεστάθη here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had αποκατεσταθη. Both are listed as 3^rd person singular forms of ἀποκαθίστημι in the aorist tense, indicative mood and passive voice. The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had υγιης ως η αλλη (KJV: whole as the other) at the end of this clause. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

²⁸ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had ἐδίδουν here, an imperfect form of δίδωμι, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had εποιουν (KJV; took), an imperfect form of ποιέω.

²⁹ Ephesians 4:22b (ESV)

³⁰ From “The Pharisees and Herodians: Pharisees” in the Topical Encyclopedia on Bible Hub online.

³¹ From “The Pharisees and Herodians: Herodians” in the Topical Encyclopedia on Bible Hub online.

Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 3

Posted on March 8, 2026 by admin

This is a continuation of my review of the Lord’s patience with the 24,000 killed by Moses, Phineas and the judges or tribes of Israel after joining themselves to Baal of Peor. At Marah He taught them to trust Him and his word more than their own experience or assessment of a situation (Exodus 15:22-27 ESV).

Then Moses made Israel set out from the Red Sea, and they went into the wilderness of Shur. They went three days in the wilderness and found no water. When they came to Marah, they could not drink the water of Marah because it was bitter; therefore it was named Marah. And the people grumbled against Moses, saying, “What shall we drink?” And he cried to the Lord, and the Lord showed him a log, and he threw it into the water, and the water became sweet.

There the Lord made for them a statute and a rule, and there he tested them, saying, “If you will diligently listen to the voice of the Lord your God, and do that which is right in his eyes, and give ear to his commandments and keep all his statutes, I will put none of the diseases on you that I put on the Egyptians, for I am the Lord, your healer.”

Then they came to Elim, where there were twelve springs of water and seventy palm trees, and they encamped there by the water.

A note (68) in the NET following and the Lord showed him reads:

U. Cassuto notes that here is the clue to the direction of the narrative: Israel needed God’s instruction, the Law, if they were going to enjoy his provisions (Exodus, 184).

tn The verb is וַיּוֹרֵהוּ (vayyorehu, “and he showed him”). It is the Hiphil preterite from יָרָה (yarah), which has a basic meaning of “to point, show, direct.” It then came to mean “to teach”; it is the verb behind the noun “Law” (תּוֹרָה, torah).

In another essay I mentioned that Rashi, “Rabbi Solomon ben Isaac (Shlomo Yitzhaki)…one of the most influential Jewish commentators in history,”¹ understood “the allegory of the vineyard as a reference to…Adam.”² His commentary on Isaiah 5:6 (following 5:7 in The Complete Jewish Bible) reads:

(6) And I made it a desolation. I made him dwell in desolation, for I did not give the Torah in his days.
It shall neither be pruned nor hoed. They will learn from him neither merit nor good deeds.
The shamir and desolation will come up. Temptation ruled over him and his posterity, to perform corrupt deeds.
And I commanded the clouds. I appointed guards over him to guard the way of the Tree of Life.

Steve Rodeheaver in an article titled, “Exodus 15:22-27: Bitter Water and Sweet Wood” on The Voice online, wrote:

The journey takes place externally and internally. The external journey is the obvious one…

The internal journey is less obvious, but it is the one on which the text focuses. Our English translations obscure this focus because of the difficulty in translating the verb for Yahweh “showing” or “directing” Moses to a tree/piece of wood. The verb used actually means to instruct or teach. Yahweh instructed/taught Moses a tree. That does not make much sense, but it is important to note because this verb is the root verb of the word “Torah”. Torah means instruction, and it specifically refers to the instruction/law that God gave Moses on Mount Sinai for how the Israelites were to live in covenant with this God who brought them up out of Egypt. We might say that Yahweh “torah-ed” Moses a tree.

I found Mr. Rodeheaver’s article searching for something else instead, and might have missed this because of my tendency to go deeper when the Masoretic text and Septuagint diverge. But since Israel and the 24,000 are on the way to “Mount Sinai” to hear and receive “the instruction/law that God gave Moses…for how the Israelites were to live in covenant with this God who brought them up out of Egypt,” I’ll consider the word וַיּוֹרֵ֤הוּ, a form of יָרָה (yārâ), in some detail.

Masoretic Text		Septuagint
Exodus 15:25 (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:25 (NET)	Exodus 15:25 (NETS)	Exodus 15:25 (English Elpenor)
And he cried unto HaShem; and HaShem showed him (וַיּוֹרֵ֤הוּ) a tree, and he cast it into the waters, and the waters were made sweet. There He made for them a statute and an ordinance, and there He proved them;	He cried out to the Lord, and the Lord showed him (yārâ, ויורהו) a tree. When Moses threw it into the water, the water became safe to drink. There the Lord made for them a binding ordinance, and there he tested them.	Then Moyses cried to the Lord, and the Lord showed him (καὶ ἔδειξεν αὐτῷ) wood, and he threw it into the water, and the water became sweet. There he set for him statutes and judgments, and there he tested him.	And Moses cried to the Lord, and the Lord shewed him (καὶ ἔδειξεν αὐτῷ) a tree, and he cast it into the water, and the water was sweetened: there he established to him ordinances and judgments, and there he proved him,

The first two occurrences of forms of יָרָה (yārâ) in Exodus are found in Moses’ final objections to doing what the Lord called him to do (Exodus 4:10-12 ESV).

But Moses said to the Lord, “Oh, my Lord, I am not eloquent, either in the past or since you have spoken to your servant, but I am slow of speech and of tongue.” Then the Lord said to him, “Who has made man’s mouth? Who makes him mute, or deaf, or seeing, or blind? Is it not I, the Lord? Now therefore go, and I will be with your mouth and teach you what you shall speak.”

A more detailed table of Exodus 4:12 follows.

Masoretic Text		Septuagint
Exodus 4:12 (Tanakh)	Exodus 4:12 (NET)	Exodus 4:12 (NETS)	Exodus 4:12 (English Elpenor)
Now therefore go, and I will be with thy mouth, and teach thee (וְהֽוֹרֵיתִ֖יךָ) what thou shalt speak.’	So now go, and I will be with your mouth and will teach you (yārâ, והוריתיך) what you must say.”	And now go, and I will open your mouth and teach you (καὶ συμβιβάσω σε) what you are going to speak.”	And now go and I will open thy mouth, and will instruct thee (καὶ συμβιβάσω σε) in what thou shalt say.

The Greek verb συμβιβάσω is a 1^st person singular form of συμβιβάζω in the active voice and indicative mood. In other words, as far as the rabbis who translated the Hebrew into Greek in the Septuagint were concerned, the Lord promised Moses: “I will prove logically, teach, instruct, bring together, reconcile, put together, compare, examine, advise, guide, conclude, deduce, infer, figure and decide you.” It’s quite an excellent translation of וְהֽוֹרֵיתִ֖יךָ, a 1^st person singular Hiphil stem of יָרָה (yārâ) according to the Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon [scroll down the page].

According to articles on Biblical Hebrew online:

The Hiphil stem in Biblical Hebrew primarily conveys a causative action. It allows the speaker or writer to express that the subject causes someone or something else to perform an action or be in a certain state. This causative nuance makes the Hiphil one of the most dynamic and versatile verb stems in the Hebrew language.³

The Hiphil stem in Biblical Hebrew is causation carved into grammar—giving speakers the power to transform simple verbs into agents of divine action, historical change, and theological intensity. With its hallmark morphology and presence across all verbal forms, Hiphil makes subjects into instigators: from causing cherubim to dwell in Eden (Genesis 3:24) to divinely hardening Pharaoh’s heart (Exodus 10:1). More than just linguistic architecture, Hiphil is the syntax of sovereignty—where YHWH doesn’t simply act, but sets events in motion, declares deliverance, and redefines reality through causative verbs.⁴

The הִפְעִיל (Hiphil) stem in Biblical Hebrew expresses causative action, often turning a simple verb into one that makes another perform the action.⁵

Did Moses understand the Hiphil stem (Exodus 4:13-16 ESV)?

But he said, “Oh, my Lord, please send someone else.” Then the anger of the Lord was kindled against Moses and he said, “Is there not Aaron, your brother, the Levite? I know that he can speak well. Behold, he is coming out to meet you, and when he sees you, he will be glad in his heart. You shall speak to him and put the words in his mouth, and I will be with your mouth and with his mouth and will teach you both (וְהֽוֹרֵיתִ֣י, another 1^st person singular Hiphil form of יָרָה, yārâ; Septuagint: καὶ συμβιβάσω ὑμᾶς) what to do. He shall speak for you to the people, and he shall be your mouth, and you shall be as God to him.

This time I’m completely primed to hear, Behold my servant, whom I uphold,⁶ and all that entails regarding the old human (τὸν παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον), your old self born of Adam, fathered by the devil even, and the contrast to the new human Jesus: Behold, my servant whom I have chosen, my beloved with whom my soul is well pleased.⁷ The next occurrence of a form of יָרָה (yārâ) in Exodus is found in the song Moses and the people of Israel sang…to the Lord after crossing the sea on dry ground (Exodus 15:1-4 ESV).

“I will sing to the Lord, for he has triumphed gloriously; the horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea. The Lord is my strength and my song, and he has become my salvation; this is my God, and I will praise him, my father’s God, and I will exalt him. The Lord is a man of war; the Lord is his name [Table].

“Pharaoh’s chariots and his host he cast into the sea, and his chosen officers were sunk in the Red Sea.

Excited by the Hiphil stem I wanted to use Mr. Rodeheaver’s whimsical translation here: Pharaoh’s chariots and his host Yahweh “torah-ed” into (or “in”) the sea, and his chosen officers were sunk in the Red Sea. Now he is not God of the dead, Jesus told the Sadducees, but of the living, for all live to him.⁸ And in the one brief glimpse He offered into death, none other than Abraham speaks, to the dead on both sides of a great chasm, about Moses and the prophets: They [e.g., “the living”] have Moses and the Prophets; let them hear them.⁹ While Israel was on the way to be “torah-ed,” Pharoah’s…host…and his chosen officers took the low road, so to speak, through death to the same end.

But יָרָ֣ה (yārâ) in the Masoretic text of Exodus 15:4 is not a Hiphil stem. It’s practically a different word.

Masoretic Text		Septuagint
Exodus 15:4 (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:4 (NET)	Exodus 15:4 (NETS)	Exodus 15:4 (English Elpenor)
Pharaoh’s chariots and his host hath He cast (יָרָ֣ה) into the sea, and his chosen captains are sunk in the Red Sea.	The chariots of Pharaoh and his army he has thrown (yārâ, ירה) into the sea, and his chosen officers were drowned in the Red Sea.	“The chariots of Pharao and his host he threw (ἔρριψεν) into the sea; choice riders, third-ranked officers, he drowned in the Red Sea.	He has cast (ἔρριψεν) the chariots of Pharao and his host into the sea, the chosen mounted captains: they were swallowed up in the Red Sea.

This is the Qal stem:

The Qal stem is the structural heart of Biblical Hebrew, anchoring verbs in their most elemental and active form. It expresses straightforward action—whether movement, speech, emotion, or creation—without added layers of causation or intensity. From כָּתַב (“he wrote”) to בָּרָא (“he created”), Qal verbs frame the narrative and theological core of the Hebrew Bible, serving as the foundation for other stems like Piel and Hiphil. By mastering Qal, one grasps not only Hebrew syntax but the pulse of biblical storytelling itself—where simplicity carries divine power and poetic depth.¹⁰

The Qal (קַל) stem is the most foundational and frequently occurring verbal stem (or binyan) in Biblical Hebrew. The term “Qal” means “light” or “simple,” reflecting its role as the base form from which other stems are derived. It typically expresses simple, active voice with no additional nuance of causation, reflexivity, or intensity—functions that are represented in other stems such as Piel, Hiphil, or Niphal.¹¹

The rabbis who translated the Septuagint chose ἔρριψεν, a form of ῥίπτω: “to throw, throw away, throw off, throw down; to scatter abroad; to put down, lay down; to bring under notice, present; to cast away, reject.” It is the same word they chose in Exodus 5:1b.

Masoretic Text		Septuagint
Exodus 15:1b (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:1b (NET)	Exodus 15:1b (NETS)	Exodus 15:1b (English Elpenor)
the horse and his rider hath He thrown (רָמָ֥ה) into the sea.	the horse and its rider he has thrown (rāmâ, רמה) into the sea.	horse and rider he threw (ἔρριψεν) into the sea.	horse and rider he has thrown (ἔρριψεν) into the sea.

Here, however, the Hebrew word in the Masoretic text is not יָרָ֣ה (yārâ), but another Qal stem: רָמָ֥ה (rāmâ). Likewise in Exodus 15:21.

Masoretic Text		Septuagint
Exodus 15:21 (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:21 (NET)	Exodus 15:21 (NETS)	Exodus 15:21 (English Elpenor)
And Miriam sang unto them: Sing ye to HaShem, for He is highly exalted: the horse and his rider hath He thrown (רָמָ֥ה) into the sea.	Miriam sang in response to them, “Sing to the Lord, for he has triumphed gloriously; the horse and its rider he has thrown (rāmâ, רמה) into the sea.”	And Mariam took their lead, saying: “Let us sing to the Lord, for gloriously he has glorified himself. Horse and rider he threw (ἔρριψεν) into the sea.”	And Mariam led them, saying, Let us sing to the Lord, for he has been very greatly glorified: the horse and rider has he cast (ἔρριψεν) into the sea.

It makes me wonder about the different Qal stem in Exodus 15:4. Was it a mistake, chosen simply for variety, or intentionally placed there because the Hiphil stem of יָרָ֣ה (yārâ) “is the verb behind the noun ‘Law’ (תּוֹרָה, torah)”?¹² The last occurrence of a form of יָרָה (yārâ) in Exodus that I’ll consider here is found in words the Lord spoke to Moses after they arrived at Sinai, after God spoke all these words¹³ (Exodus 20:1-23:33), and after:

Moses came and told the people all the words of the Lord and all the rules. And all the people answered with one voice and said, “All the words that the Lord has spoken we will do.”¹⁴

After Moses and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel went up, and they saw the God of Israel,¹⁵ the Lord said to Moses (Exodus 24:12 ESV):

“Come up to me on the mountain and wait there, that I may give you the tablets of stone, with the law and the commandment, which I have written for their instruction.”

A detailed table follows:

Masoretic Text		Septuagint
Exodus 24:12b (Tanakh)	Exodus 24:12b (NET)	Exodus 24:12b (NETS)	Exodus 24:12b (English Elpenor)
and I will give (וְאֶתְּנָ֨ה) thee (לְךָ֜) the (אֶת) tables (לֻחֹ֣ת) of stone (הָאֶ֗בֶן), and the law (וְהַתּוֹרָה֙) and the commandment (וְהַמִּצְוָ֔ה), which (אֲשֶׁ֥ר) I have written (כָּתַ֖בְתִּי), that thou mayest teach them (לְהֽוֹרֹתָֽם).’	and I will give (nāṯan, ואתנה) you (לך) the (et, את) stone (‘eḇen, האבן) tablets (lûaḥ, לחת) with the law (tôrâ, והתורה) and the commandments (miṣvâ, והמצוה) that (‘ăšer, אשר) I have written (kāṯaḇ, כתבתי), so that you may teach them (yārâ, להורתם).”	And I will give (καὶ δώσω) you (σοι) stone (τὰ λίθινα) tablets (τὰ πυξία), the law (τὸν νόμον) and the commandments (καὶ τὰς ἐντολάς) that (ἃς) I wrote (ἔγραψα) to legislate for them (νομοθετῆσαι αὐτοῖς).”	and I will give (καὶ δώσω) thee (σοι) the (τὰ) tables (πυξία) of stone (τὰ λίθινα), the law (τὸν νόμον) and the commandments (καὶ τὰς ἐντολάς), which (ἃς) I have written (ἔγραψα) to give them laws (νομοθετῆσαι αὐτοῖς).

The first Hebrew word in the Masoretic text וְאֶתְּנָ֨ה, a form of נָתַן (nāṯan), and I will give (Tanakh, NET), was translated καὶ δώσω, And I will give (NETS), and I will give (English Elpenor), in the Septuagint. Then comes לְךָ֜, thee (Tanakh), you (NET), translated σοι, you (NETS), thee (English Elpenor), which is followed by אֶת (et), a definite article the (Tanakh, NET), translated τὰ, the (English Elpenor), in the Septuagint. Then לֻחֹ֣ת, a form of לוּחַ (lûaḥ), tables (Tanakh), tablets (NET), translated πυξία, tablets (NETS), tables (English Elpenor), is followed by הָאֶ֗בֶן, a form of אֶבֶן (‘eḇen), of stone (Tanakh), stone (NET), translated τὰ λίθινα, stone (NETS), of stone (English Elpenor), in the Septuagint.

The next Hebrew word is וְהַתּוֹרָה֙, a form of תּוֹרָה (tôrâ), and the law (Tanakh), with the law (NET), translated τὸν νόμον, the law (NETS, English Elpenor), in the Septuagint. The Hebrew word תּוֹרָה (tôrâ) is the noun derived from the verb יָרָה (yārâ). The Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon explains that the feminine noun תּוֹרָה (tôrâ), “direction, instruction, law” comes “possibly in first instance from casting lots.” So, יָרָ֣ה (yārâ), he cast (ESV), in Exodus 5:4 was not a word choice made only for variety in a stanza praising the Lord’s casting of the lot for Israel, against their pursuers (Exodus 15:4-7 ESV).

“Pharaoh’s chariots and his host he cast into the sea, and his chosen officers were sunk in the Red Sea. The floods covered them; they went down into the depths like a stone. Your right hand, O Lord, glorious in power, your right hand, O Lord, shatters the enemy. In the greatness of your majesty you overthrow your adversaries; you send out your fury; it consumes them like stubble.

It was no mistake: ἔρριψεν, a form of ῥίπτω is a very good translation of יָרָ֣ה (yārâ), he cast (ESV), in Exodus 15:4. If I were to question the originality of one or the other, I would wonder more about ἔρριψεν as a translation of רָמָ֥ה (rāmâ), he has thrown (ESV), in Exodus 15:1 and 21, where “he has beguiled into the sea” would probably be more accurate: He beguiled them with the deceitful desires of their old human, despite their fearful knowledge that they should flee from before Israel, for the Lord fights for them against the Egyptians.¹⁶ But I can understand some reticence to cast the Lord as deceitful, though He proved over and over to be a man of war,¹⁷ a master of battle tactics and strategy.

The next word of the Hebrew word string in Exodus 24:12 in the Masoretic text is וְהַמִּצְוָ֔ה, a form of מִצְוָה (miṣvâ), and the commandments (Tanakh, NET), translated καὶ τὰς ἐντολάς, and the commandments (NETS, English Elpenor), in the Septuagint. This is followed by אֲשֶׁ֥ר (‘ăšer), which (Tanakh), that (NET), translated ἃς, that (NETS), which (Englsih Elpenor), and כָּתַ֖בְתִּי, a form of כָּתַב (kāṯaḇ), I have written (Tanakh, NET), translated ἔγραψα, I wrote (NETS), I have written (English Elpenor), in the Septuagint. And finally, there is לְהֽוֹרֹתָֽם, another form of יָרָה (yārâ), that thou mayest teach them (Tanakh), so that you may teach them (NET).

Though I expected this Hiphil infinitive to be translated something like συμβιβάσαι αὐτοῖς in the Septuagint, as וְהֽוֹרֵיתִ֖יךָ (another form of יָרָה, yārâ) was translated in Exodus 4:12 above (καὶ συμβιβάσω σε), it was translated νομοθετῆσαι αὐτοῖς, to legislate for them (NETS), to give them laws (English Elpenor), instead. The rabbis who translated the Septuagint were willing to recognize the “causative action¹⁸…of divine action,”¹⁹ “the syntax of sovereignty,”²⁰ in the Hiphil stem when God was teaching Moses, or Moses and Aaron, but would not extend this power to Moses teaching the people of Israel. Why not?

From the moment all the people answered with one voice and said, “All the words that the Lord has spoken we will do,”²¹ one of the more monotonous themes of the Old Testament is the repetitive tale of their failure to keep that promise. As Paul wrote and the Septuagint confirms by translating a Hiphil stem with νομοθετῆσαι, a form of νομοθετέω: Israel who pursued a law that would lead to righteousness did not succeed in reaching that law [Table]. Why? Because they did not pursue it by faith [Table]²² in God who “causes someone…else to perform an action,”²³ the Hiphil stem in action, but as if it were based on works.²⁴

And that brings me to the topic I originally intended to pursue: the misunderstandings the deceitful desires of the old human engender.

When they came to Marah, they could not drink the water of Marah because it was bitter; therefore it was named Marah. And the people grumbled against Moses, saying, “What shall we drink?”²⁵

The old human is frustrated, disbelieving that God would lead it to Marah, to bitter water. Why not go directly to Elim, where there were twelve springs of water and seventy palm trees²⁶ in the first place? But no, the Lord showed [Moses] a log, and he threw it into the water, and the water became sweet.²⁷ But Moses didn’t even name the log, so the old human can’t know what to do if it ever encounters bitter water again—except trust Moses, and God maybe.

“If you will diligently listen to the voice of the Lord your God, and do that which is right in his eyes, and give ear to his commandments and keep all his statutes, I will put none of the diseases on you that I put on the Egyptians, for I am the Lord, your healer.”²⁸

The old human knows a quid pro quo when it hears one. A Hiphil stem? The old human scoffs, knowing that this is about potable water and disease, real stuff, not the causative grammar or sovereign syntax of some ancient language. Of course, Paul, who wrote about both the old human and the new human (Ephesians 4:17-24) not only understood the Hiphil stem in Hebrew, he lived it (Galatians 2:20 EXP11):

By means of Christ I have been crucified, but I live hereafter not I but He lives within me, Christ, so who now I live within flesh, by faithfulness I live by means of the Son of God who loved me and gave himself for me.

“Jesus is our Torah,” Steve Rodeheaver concluded, “our transforming Word from Yahweh on and for life.”²⁹ As for finding hope for those Egyptians cast into the sea³⁰ because the Hebrew word translated he cast in a song celebrating it is יָרָ֣ה (yārâ) in the Masoretic text, the verb from which the noun תּוֹרָה (tôrâ) is derived? Admittedly, that hope probably has more to do with faith that The Lord…is patient toward you, not wishing that any should perish, but that all should reach repentance,³¹ and that the judgment of the One to whom All authority in heaven and on earth has been given³² to draw all to Himself will prevail ultimately over the deceitful desires of the old human.

Tables comparing Exodus 15:22; 15:23; 15:24; 15:25; 15:26; 15:27; Isaiah 5:6; Exodus 4:10; 4:11; 4:12; 4:13; 4:14; 4:15; 4:16; 15:1; 15:2; 15:4; 15:21; 24:3; 24:9; 24:10; 24:12; 15:5; 15:6 and 15:7 in the Tanakh, KJV and NET, and comparing the Greek of Exodus 15:22; 15:23; 15:24; 15:25; 15:26; 15:27; Isaiah 5:6; Exodus 4:10; 4:11; 4:12; 4:13; 4:14; 4:15; 4:16; 15:1; 15:2; 15:4; 15:21; 24:3; 24:9; 24:10; 24:12; 15:5; 15:6 and 15:7 in the Septuagint (BLB and Elpenor) follow.

Exodus 15:22 (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:22 (KJV)	Exodus 15:22 (NET)
And Moses led Israel onward from the Red Sea, and they went out into the wilderness of Shur; and they went three days in the wilderness, and found no water.	So Moses brought Israel from the Red sea, and they went out into the wilderness of Shur; and they went three days in the wilderness, and found no water.	Then Moses led Israel to journey away from the Red Sea. They went out to the wilderness of Shur, walked for three days into the wilderness, and found no water.

Exodus 15:22 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 15:22 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐξῆρεν δὲ Μωυσῆς τοὺς υἱοὺς Ισραηλ ἀπὸ θαλάσσης ἐρυθρᾶς καὶ ἤγαγεν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὴν ἔρημον Σουρ καὶ ἐπορεύοντο τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ καὶ οὐχ ηὕρισκον ὕδωρ ὥστε πιεῖν	᾿Εξῇρε δὲ Μωυσῆς τοὺς υἱοὺς ᾿Ισραὴλ ἀπὸ θαλάσσης ἐρυθρᾶς καὶ ἤγαγεν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὴν ἔρημον Σούρ· καὶ ἐπορεύοντο τρεῖς ἡμέρας ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ καὶ οὐχ ηὕρισκον ὕδωρ ὥστε πιεῖν
Exodus 15:22 (NETS)	Exodus 15:22 (English Elpenor)
Then Moyses removed the sons of Israel from the Red Sea and led them into the wilderness of Sour. And they were journeying for three days in the wilderness and were not finding water to drink.	So Moses brought up the children of Israel from the Red Sea, and brought them into the wilderness of Sur; and they went three days in [t]he wilderness, and found no water to drink.

Exodus 15:23 (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:23 (KJV)	Exodus 15:23 (NET)
And when they came to Marah, they could not drink of the waters of Marah, for they were bitter. Therefore the name of it was called Marah.	And when they came to Marah, they could not drink of the waters of Marah, for they were bitter: therefore the name of it was called Marah.	Then they came to Marah, but they were not able to drink the waters of Marah, because they were bitter. (That is why its name was Marah.)

Exodus 15:23 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 15:23 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἦλθον δὲ εἰς Μερρα καὶ οὐκ ἠδύναντο πιεῖν ἐκ Μερρας πικρὸν γὰρ ἦν διὰ τοῦτο ἐπωνομάσθη τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ τόπου ἐκείνου πικρία	ἦλθον δὲ εἰς Μερρᾶ καὶ οὐκ ἠδύναντο πιεῖν ἐκ Μερρᾶς, πικρὸν γὰρ ἦν· διὰ τοῦτο ἐπωνόμασε τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ τόπου ἐκείνου Πικρία
Exodus 15:23 (NETS)	Exodus 15:23 (English Elpenor)
And they came to Merra and could not drink water from Merra, for it was bitter. Therefore the name of that place was called Bitterness.	and they came to Merrha, and could not drink of Merrha, for it was bitter; therefore he named the name of that place, Bitterness.

Exodus 15:24 (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:24 (KJV)	Exodus 15:24 (NET)
And the people murmured against Moses, saying: ‘What shall we drink?’	And the people murmured against Moses, saying, What shall we drink?	So the people murmured against Moses, saying, “What can we drink?”

Exodus 15:24 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 15:24 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ διεγόγγυζεν ὁ λαὸς ἐπὶ Μωυσῆν λέγοντες τί πιόμεθα	καὶ διεγόγγυζεν ὁ λαὸς ἐπὶ Μωυσῇ λέγοντες· τί πιόμεθα
Exodus 15:24 (NETS)	Exodus 15:24 (English Elpenor)
And the people were complaining against Moyses, saying, “What shall we drink?”	And the people murmured against Moses, saying, What shall we drink?

Exodus 15:25 (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:25 (KJV)	Exodus 15:25 (NET)
And he cried unto HaShem; and HaShem showed him a tree, and he cast it into the waters, and the waters were made sweet. There He made for them a statute and an ordinance, and there He proved them;	And he cried unto the LORD; and the LORD shewed him a tree, which when he had cast into the waters, the waters were made sweet: there he made for them a statute and an ordinance, and there he proved them,	He cried out to the Lord, and the Lord showed him a tree. When Moses threw it into the water, the water became safe to drink. There the Lord made for them a binding ordinance, and there he tested them.

Exodus 15:25 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 15:25 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐβόησεν δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς κύριον καὶ ἔδειξεν αὐτῷ κύριος ξύλον καὶ ἐνέβαλεν αὐτὸ εἰς τὸ ὕδωρ καὶ ἐγλυκάνθη τὸ ὕδωρ ἐκεῖ ἔθετο αὐτῷ δικαιώματα καὶ κρίσεις καὶ ἐκεῖ ἐπείρασεν αὐτὸν	ἐβόησε δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς Κύριον, καὶ ἔδειξεν αὐτῷ Κύριος ξύλον, καὶ ἐνέβαλεν αὐτὸ εἰς τὸ ὕδωρ, καὶ ἐγλυκάνθη τὸ ὕδωρ. ἐκεῖ ἔθετο αὐτῷ δικαιώματα καὶ κρίσεις καὶ ἐκεῖ αὐτὸν ἐπείρασε
Exodus 15:25 (NETS)	Exodus 15:25 (English Elpenor)
Then Moyses cried to the Lord, and the Lord showed him wood, and he threw it into the water, and the water became sweet. There he set for him statutes and judgments, and there he tested him.	And Moses cried to the Lord, and the Lord shewed him a tree, and he cast it into the water, and the water was sweetened: there he established to him ordinances and judgments, and there he proved him,

Exodus 15:26 (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:26 (KJV)	Exodus 15:26 (NET)
and He said: ‘If thou wilt diligently hearken to the voice of HaShem thy G-d, and wilt do that which is right in His eyes, and wilt give ear to His commandments, and keep all His statutes, I will put none of the diseases upon thee, which I have put upon the Egyptians; for I am HaShem that healeth thee.’	And said, If thou wilt diligently hearken to the voice of the LORD thy God, and wilt do that which is right in his sight, and wilt give ear to his commandments, and keep all his statutes, I will put none of these diseases upon thee, which I have brought upon the Egyptians: for I am the LORD that healeth thee.	He said, “If you will diligently obey the Lord your God, and do what is right in his sight, and pay attention to his commandments, and keep all his statutes, then all the diseases that I brought on the Egyptians I will not bring on you, for I, the Lord, am your healer.”

Exodus 15:26 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 15:26 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν ἐὰν ἀκοῇ ἀκούσῃς τῆς φωνῆς κυρίου τοῦ θεοῦ σου καὶ τὰ ἀρεστὰ ἐναντίον αὐτοῦ ποιήσῃς καὶ ἐνωτίσῃ ταῖς ἐντολαῖς αὐτοῦ καὶ φυλάξῃς πάντα τὰ δικαιώματα αὐτοῦ πᾶσαν νόσον ἣν ἐπήγαγον τοῖς Αἰγυπτίοις οὐκ ἐπάξω ἐπὶ σέ ἐγὼ γάρ εἰμι κύριος ὁ ἰώμενός σε	καὶ εἶπεν· ἐὰν ἀκοῇ ἀκούσῃς τῆς φωνῆς Κυρίου τοῦ Θεοῦ σου καὶ τὰ ἀρεστὰ ἐναντίον αὐτοῦ ποιήσῃς καὶ ἐνωτίσῃ ταῖς ἐντολαῖς αὐτοῦ καὶ φυλάξῃς πάντα τὰ δικαιώματα αὐτοῦ, πᾶσαν νόσον, ἣν ἐπήγαγον τοῖς Αἰγυπτίοις, οὐκ ἐπάξω ἐπὶ σέ· ἐγὼ γάρ εἰμι Κύριος ὁ Θεός σου ὁ ἰώμενός σε
Exodus 15:26 (NETS)	Exodus 15:26 (English Elpenor)
And he said, “If you by paying attention listen to the voice of the Lord, your God, and do before him pleasing things, and give ear to his commandments, and keep all his statutes, every disease which I brought upon the Egyptians, I will not bring upon you. For I am the Lord who heals you.”	and said, If thou wilt indeed hear the voice of the Lord thy God, and do things pleasing before him, and wilt hearken to his commands, and keep all his ordinances, no disease which I have brought upon the Egyptians will I bring upon thee, for I am the Lord thy God that heals thee.

Exodus 15:27 (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:27 (KJV)	Exodus 15:27 (NET)
And they came to Elim, where were twelve springs of water, and three score and ten palm-trees; and they encamped there by the waters.	And they came to Elim, where were twelve wells of water, and threescore and ten palm trees: and they encamped there by the waters.	Then they came to Elim, where there were twelve wells of water and seventy palm trees, and they camped there by the water.

Exodus 15:27 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 15:27 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἤλθοσαν εἰς Αιλιμ καὶ ἦσαν ἐκεῖ δώδεκα πηγαὶ ὑδάτων καὶ ἑβδομήκοντα στελέχη φοινίκων παρενέβαλον δὲ ἐκεῖ παρὰ τὰ ὕδατα	Καὶ ἤλθοσαν εἰς Αἰλείμ, καὶ ἦσαν ἐκεῖ δώδεκα πηγαὶ ὑδάτων καὶ ἑβδομήκοντα στελέχη φοινίκων· παρενέβαλον δὲ ἐκεῖ παρὰ τὰ ὕδατα
Exodus 15:27 (NETS)	Exodus 15:27 (English Elpenor)
And they came to Ailim, and twelve springs of water and seventy date palm trunks were there. And they camped there by the waters.	And they came to Aelim, and there were there twelve fountains of water, and seventy stems of palm-trees; and they encamped there by the waters.

Isaiah 5:6 (Tanakh)	Isaiah 5:6 (KJV)	Isaiah 5:6 (NET)
And I will lay it waste: it shall not be pruned, nor digged; but there shall come up briers and thorns: I will also command the clouds that they rain no rain upon it.	And I will lay it waste: it shall not be pruned, nor digged; but there shall come up briers and thorns: I will also command the clouds that they rain no rain upon it.	I will make it a wasteland; no one will prune its vines or hoe its ground, and thorns and briers will grow there. I will order the clouds not to drop any rain on it.

Isaiah 5:6 (Septuagint BLB)	Isaiah 5:6 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἀνήσω τὸν ἀμπελῶνά μου καὶ οὐ μὴ τμηθῇ οὐδὲ μὴ σκαφῇ καὶ ἀναβήσεται εἰς αὐτὸν ὡς εἰς χέρσον ἄκανθα καὶ ταῖς νεφέλαις ἐντελοῦμαι τοῦ μὴ βρέξαι εἰς αὐτὸν ὑετόν	καὶ ἀνήσω τὸν ἀμπελωνά μου καὶ οὐ τμηθῇ οὐδὲ μὴ σκαφῇ, καὶ ἀναβήσονται εἰς αὐτὸν ὡς εἰς χέρσον ἄκανθαι· καὶ ταῖς νεφέλαις ἐντελοῦμαι τοῦ μὴ βρέξαι εἰς αὐτὸν ὑετόν
Isaiah 5:6 (NETS)	Isaiah 5:6 (English Elpenor)
And I will abandon my vineyard, and it shall not be pruned or dug, and a thorn shall come up into it as into a wasteland, and I will command the clouds, that they send no rain to it.	And I will forsake my vineyard; and it shall not be pruned, nor dug, and thorns shall come up upon it as on barren land; and I will command the clouds to rain no rain upon it.

Exodus 4:10 (Tanakh)	Exodus 4:10 (KJV)	Exodus 4:10 (NET)
And Moses said unto HaShem: ‘Oh L-rd, I am not a man of words, neither heretofore, nor since Thou hast spoken unto Thy servant; for I am slow of speech, and of a slow tongue.	And Moses said unto the LORD, O my Lord, I am not eloquent, neither heretofore, nor since thou hast spoken unto thy servant: but I am slow of speech, and of a slow tongue.	Then Moses said to the Lord, “O my Lord, I am not an eloquent man, neither in the past nor since you have spoken to your servant, for I am slow of speech and slow of tongue.”

Exodus 4:10 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 4:10 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς κύριον δέομαι κύριε οὐχ ἱκανός εἰμι πρὸ τῆς ἐχθὲς οὐδὲ πρὸ τῆς τρίτης ἡμέρας οὐδὲ ἀφ᾽ οὗ ἤρξω λαλεῖν τῷ θεράποντί σου ἰσχνόφωνος καὶ βραδύγλωσσος ἐγώ εἰμι	εἶπε δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς Κύριον· δέομαι, Κύριε, οὐχ ἱκανός εἰμι πρὸ τῆς χθές, οὐδὲ πρὸ τῆς τρίτης ἡμέρας, οὐδὲ ἀφ᾿ οὗ ἤρξω λαλεῖν τῷ θεράποντί σου· ἰσχνόφωνος καὶ βραδύγλωσσος ἐγώ εἰμι
Exodus 4:10 (NETS)	Exodus 4:10 (English Elpenor)
But Moyses said to the Lord, “Please, Lord, I am incompetenet—before yesterday or the third day or since you began to speak to your attendant. I am weak-voiced and slow-tongued.”	And Moses said to the Lord, I pray, Lord, I have not been sufficient in former times, neither from the time that thou hast begun to speak to thy servant: I am weak in speech, and slow-tongued.

Exodus 4:11 (Tanakh)	Exodus 4:11 (KJV)	Exodus 4:11 (NET)
And HaShem said unto him: ‘Who hath made man’s mouth? or who maketh a man dumb, or deaf, or seeing, or blind? is it not I HaShem?	And the LORD said unto him, Who hath made man’s mouth? or who maketh the dumb, or deaf, or the seeing, or the blind? have not I the LORD?	The Lord said to him, “Who gave a mouth to man, or who makes a person mute or deaf or seeing or blind? Is it not I, the Lord?

Exodus 4:11 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 4:11 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν τίς ἔδωκεν στόμα ἀνθρώπῳ καὶ τίς ἐποίησεν δύσκωφον καὶ κωφόν βλέποντα καὶ τυφλόν οὐκ ἐγὼ ὁ θεός	εἶπε δὲ Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν· τίς ἔδωκε στόμα ἀνθρώπῳ, καὶ τίς ἐποίησε δύσκωφον καὶ κωφόν, βλέποντα καὶ τυφλόν; οὐκ ἐγὼ ὁ Θεός
Exodus 4:11 (NETS)	Exodus 4:11 (English Elpenor)
Then the Lord said to Moyses, “Who gave a mouth to a person, and who made him deaf and mute, seeing and blind? Is it not I, the Lord God?	And the Lord said to Moses, Who has given a mouth to man, and who has made the very hard of hearing, and the deaf, the seeing and the blind? have not I, God?

Exodus 4:12 (Tanakh)	Exodus 4:12 (KJV)	Exodus 4:12 (NET)
Now therefore go, and I will be with thy mouth, and teach thee what thou shalt speak.’	Now therefore go, and I will be with thy mouth, and teach thee what thou shalt say.	So now go, and I will be with your mouth and will teach you what you must say.”

Exodus 4:12 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 4:12 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ νῦν πορεύου καὶ ἐγὼ ἀνοίξω τὸ στόμα σου καὶ συμβιβάσω σε ὃ μέλλεις λαλῆσαι	καὶ νῦν πορεύου, καὶ ἐγὼ ἀνοίξω τὸ στόμα σου, καὶ συμβιβάσω σε, ὃ μέλλεις λαλῆσαι
Exodus 4:12 (NETS)	Exodus 4:12 (English Elpenor)
And now go, and I will open your mouth and teach you what you are going to speak.”	And now go and I will open thy mouth, and will instruct thee in what thou shalt say.

Exodus 4:13 (Tanakh)	Exodus 4:13 (KJV)	Exodus 4:13 (NET)
And he said: ‘Oh L-rd, send, I pray Thee, by the hand of him whom Thou wilt send.’	And he said, O my Lord, send, I pray thee, by the hand of him whom thou wilt send.	But Moses said, “O my Lord, please send anyone else whom you wish to send!”

Exodus 4:13 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 4:13 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν Μωυσῆς δέομαι κύριε προχείρισαι δυνάμενον ἄλλον ὃν ἀποστελεῖς	καὶ εἶπε Μωυσῆς· δέομαι, Κύριε, προχείρισαι δυνάμενον ἄλλον, ὃν ἀποστελεῖς
Exodus 4:13 (NETS)	Exodus 4:13 (English Elpenor)
And Moyses said, “Please, Lord, appoint another capable person, whom you will send.”	And Moses said, I pray thee, Lord, appoint another able [person] whom thou shalt send.

Exodus 4:14 (Tanakh)	Exodus 4:14 (KJV)	Exodus 4:14 (NET)
And the anger of HaShem was kindled against Moses, and He said: ‘Is there not Aaron thy brother the Levite? I know that he can speak well. And also, behold, he cometh forth to meet thee; and when he seeth thee, he will be glad in his heart.	And the anger of the LORD was kindled against Moses, and he said, Is not Aaron the Levite thy brother? I know that he can speak well. And also, behold, he cometh forth to meet thee: and when he seeth thee, he will be glad in his heart.	Then the Lord became angry with Moses, and he said, “What about your brother Aaron the Levite? I know that he can speak very well. Moreover, he is coming to meet you, and when he sees you he will be glad in his heart.

Exodus 4:14 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 4:14 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ θυμωθεὶς ὀργῇ κύριος ἐπὶ Μωυσῆν εἶπεν οὐκ ἰδοὺ Ααρων ὁ ἀδελφός σου ὁ Λευίτης ἐπίσταμαι ὅτι λαλῶν λαλήσει αὐτός σοι καὶ ἰδοὺ αὐτὸς ἐξελεύσεται εἰς συνάντησίν σοι καὶ ἰδών σε χαρήσεται ἐν ἑαυτῷ	καὶ θυμωθεὶς ὀργῇ Κύριος ἐπὶ Μωυσῆν εἶπεν· οὐκ ἰδοὺ ᾿Ααρὼν ὁ ἀδελφός σου ὁ Λευΐτης; ἐπίσταμαι ὅτι λαλῶν λαλήσει αὐτός σοι· καὶ ἰδοὺ αὐτὸς ἐξελεύσεται εἰς συνάντησίν σοι καὶ ἰδών σε χαρήσεται ἐν ἑαυτῷ
Exodus 4:14 (NETS)	Exodus 4:14 (English Elpenor)
And enraged with anger towards Moyses the Lord said, “Look, is not Aaron your brother, the Leuite? I know that when he speaks, he will speak for you. And look, he will come out to meet you, and when he sees you, he will be glad in himself.	And the Lord was greatly angered against Moses, and said, Lo! is not Aaron the Levite thy brother? I know that he will surely speak to thee; and, behold, he will come forth to meet thee, and beholding thee he will rejoice within himself.

Exodus 4:15 (Tanakh)	Exodus 4:15 (KJV)	Exodus 4:15 (NET)
And thou shalt speak unto him, and put the words in his mouth; and I will be with thy mouth, and with his mouth, and will teach you what ye shall do.	And thou shalt speak unto him, and put words in his mouth: and I will be with thy mouth, and with his mouth, and will teach you what ye shall do.	“So you are to speak to him and put the words in his mouth. And as for me, I will be with your mouth and with his mouth, and I will teach you both what you must do.

Exodus 4:15 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 4:15 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτὸν καὶ δώσεις τὰ ῥήματά μου εἰς τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐγὼ ἀνοίξω τὸ στόμα σου καὶ τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ καὶ συμβιβάσω ὑμᾶς ἃ ποιήσετε	καὶ ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτὸν καὶ δώσεις τὰ ρήματά μου εἰς τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἐγὼ ἀνοίξω τὸ στόμα σου καὶ τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ καὶ συμβιβάσω ὑμᾶς ἃ ποιήσετε
Exodus 4:15 (NETS)	Exodus 4:15 (English Elpenor)
And you shall speak to him and put my words in his mouth. And I will open your mouth and his mouth and will teach you what you shall do.	And thou shalt speak to him; and thou shalt put my words into his mouth, and I will open thy mouth and his mouth, and I will instruct you in what ye shall do.

Exodus 4:16 (Tanakh)	Exodus 4:16 (KJV)	Exodus 4:16 (NET)
And he shall be thy spokesman unto the people; and it shall come to pass, that he shall be to thee a mouth, and thou shalt be to him in G-d’s stead.	And he shall be thy spokesman unto the people: and he shall be, even he shall be to thee instead of a mouth, and thou shalt be to him instead of God.	He will speak for you to the people, and it will be as if he were your mouth and as if you were his God.

Exodus 4:16 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 4:16 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ αὐτός σοι προσλαλήσει πρὸς τὸν λαόν καὶ αὐτὸς ἔσται σου στόμα σὺ δὲ αὐτῷ ἔσῃ τὰ πρὸς τὸν θεόν	καὶ αὐτός σοι λαλήσει πρὸς τὸν λαόν, καὶ αὐτὸς ἔσται σου στόμα, σὺ δὲ αὐτῷ ἔσῃ τὰ πρὸς τὸν Θεόν
Exodus 4:16 (NETS)	Exodus 4:16 (English Elpenor)
And he shall speak for you to the people, and he shall be your mouth, but you shall be to him the things pertaining to God.	And he shall speak for thee to the people, and he shall be thy mouth, and thou shalt be for him in things pertaining to God.

Exodus 15:1 (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:1 (KJV)	Exodus 15:1 (NET)
Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song unto HaShem, and spoke, saying: I will sing unto HaShem, for He is highly exalted; the horse and his rider hath He thrown into the sea.	Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song unto the LORD, and spake, saying, I will sing unto the LORD, for he hath triumphed gloriously: the horse and his rider hath he thrown into the sea.	Then Moses and the Israelites sang this song to the Lord. They said, “I will sing to the Lord, for he has triumphed gloriously, the horse and its rider he has thrown into the sea.

Exodus 15:1 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 15:1 (Septuagint Elpenor)
τότε ᾖσεν Μωυσῆς καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ τὴν ᾠδὴν ταύτην τῷ θεῷ καὶ εἶπαν λέγοντες ᾄσωμεν τῷ κυρίῳ ἐνδόξως γὰρ δεδόξασται ἵππον καὶ ἀναβάτην ἔρριψεν εἰς θάλασσαν	ΤΟΤΕ ᾖσε Μωυσῆς καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ τὴν ᾠδὴν ταύτην τῷ Θεῷ καὶ εἶπαν λέγοντες· ᾄσωμεν τῷ Κυρίῳ, ἐνδόξως γὰρ δεδόξασται· ἵππον καὶ ἀναβάτην ἔρριψεν εἰς θάλασσαν
Exodus 15:1 (NETS)	Exodus 15:1 (English Elpenor)
Then Moyses and the sons of Israel sang this song to God and spoke, saying, “Let us sing to the Lord, for gloriously he has glorified himself; horse and rider he threw into the sea.	Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song to God, and spoke, saying, Let us sing to the Lord, for he is very greatly glorified: horse and rider he has thrown into the sea.

Exodus 15:2 (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:2 (KJV)	Exodus 15:2 (NET)
HaShem is my strength and song, and He is become my salvation; this is my G-d, and I will glorify Him; my father’s G-d, and I will exalt Him.	The LORD is my strength and song, and he is become my salvation: he is my God, and I will prepare him an habitation; my father’s God, and I will exalt him.	The Lord is my strength and my song, and he has become my salvation. This is my God, and I will praise him, my father’s God, and I will exalt him.

Exodus 15:2 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 15:2 (Septuagint Elpenor)
βοηθὸς καὶ σκεπαστὴς ἐγένετό μοι εἰς σωτηρίαν οὗτός μου θεός καὶ δοξάσω αὐτόν θεὸς τοῦ πατρός μου καὶ ὑψώσω αὐτόν	βοηθὸς καὶ σκεπαστὴς ἐγένετό μοι εἰς σωτηρίαν· οὗτός μου Θεός, καὶ δοξάσω αὐτόν, Θεὸς τοῦ πατρός μου, καὶ ὑψώσω αὐτόν
Exodus 15:2 (NETS)	Exodus 15:2 (English Elpenor)
Helper and defender he has become to me, for deliverance; this is my God, and I will glorify him; my father’s God, and I will exalt him.	He was to me a helper and protector for salvation: this is my God and I will glorify him; my father’s God, and I will exalt him.

Exodus 15:4 (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:4 (KJV)	Exodus 15:4 (NET)
Pharaoh’s chariots and his host hath He cast into the sea, and his chosen captains are sunk in the Red Sea.	Pharaoh’s chariots and his host hath he cast into the sea: his chosen captains also are drowned in the Red sea.	The chariots of Pharaoh and his army he has thrown into the sea, and his chosen officers were drowned in the Red Sea.

Exodus 15:4 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 15:4 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἅρματα Φαραω καὶ τὴν δύναμιν αὐτοῦ ἔρριψεν εἰς θάλασσαν ἐπιλέκτους ἀναβάτας τριστάτας κατεπόντισεν ἐν ἐρυθρᾷ θαλάσσῃ	ἅρματα Φαραὼ καὶ τὴν δύναμιν αὐτοῦ ἔρριψεν εἰς θάλασσαν, ἐπιλέκτους ἀναβάτας τριστάτας κατεπόντισεν ἐν ἐρυθρᾷ θαλάσσῃ
Exodus 15:4 (NETS)	Exodus 15:4 (English Elpenor)
“The chariots of Pharao and his host he threw into the sea; choice riders, third-ranked officers, he drowned in the Red Sea.	He has cast the chariots of Pharao and his host into the sea, the chosen mounted captains: they were swallowed up in the Red Sea.

Exodus 15:21 (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:21 (KJV)	Exodus 15:21 (NET)
And Miriam sang unto them: Sing ye to HaShem, for He is highly exalted: the horse and his rider hath He thrown into the sea.	And Miriam answered them, Sing ye to the LORD, for he hath triumphed gloriously; the horse and his rider hath he thrown into the sea.	Miriam sang in response to them, “Sing to the Lord, for he has triumphed gloriously; the horse and its rider he has thrown into the sea.”

Exodus 15:21 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 15:21 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐξῆρχεν δὲ αὐτῶν Μαριαμ λέγουσα ᾄσωμεν τῷ κυρίῳ ἐνδόξως γὰρ δεδόξασται ἵππον καὶ ἀναβάτην ἔρριψεν εἰς θάλασσαν	ἐξῆρχε δὲ αὐτῶν Μαριὰμ λέγουσα· ᾄσωμεν τῷ Κυρίῳ, ἐνδόξως γὰρ δεδόξασται· ἵππον καὶ ἀναβάτην ἔρριψεν εἰς θάλασσαν
Exodus 15:21 (NETS)	Exodus 15:21 (English Elpenor)
And Mariam took their lead, saying: “Let us sing to the Lord, for gloriously he has glorified himself. Hors and rider he threw into the sea.”	And Mariam led them, saying, Let us sing to the Lord, for he has been very greatly glorified: the horse and rider has he cast into the sea.

Exodus 24:3 (Tanakh)	Exodus 24:3 (KJV)	Exodus 24:3 (NET)
And Moses came and told the people all the words of HaShem, and all the ordinances; and all the people answered with one voice, and said: ‘All the words which the L-rd hath spoken will we do.’	And Moses came and told the people all the words of the LORD, and all the judgments: and all the people answered with one voice, and said, All the words which the LORD hath said will we do.	Moses came and told the people all the Lord’s words and all the decisions. All the people answered together, “We are willing to do all the words that the Lord has said,”

Exodus 24:3 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 24:3 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἰσῆλθεν δὲ Μωυσῆς καὶ διηγήσατο τῷ λαῷ πάντα τὰ ῥήματα τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τὰ δικαιώματα ἀπεκρίθη δὲ πᾶς ὁ λαὸς φωνῇ μιᾷ λέγοντες πάντας τοὺς λόγους οὓς ἐλάλησεν κύριος ποιήσομεν καὶ ἀκουσόμεθα	εἰσῆλθε δὲ Μωυσῆς καὶ διηγήσατο τῷ λαῷ πάντα τὰ ῥήματα τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ τὰ δικαιώματα· ἀπεκρίθη δὲ πᾶς ὁ λαὸς φωνῇ μιᾷ λέγοντες· πάντας τοὺς λόγους, οὓς ἐλάλησε Κύριος, ποιήσομεν καὶ ἀκουσόμεθα
Exodus 24:3 (NETS)	Exodus 24:3 (English Elpenor)
And Moyses went in and recounted to the people all God’s words and statutes. And all the people answered with one voice, saying, “All the words that the Lord has spoken we will do and heed.”	And Moses went in and related to the people all the words of God and the ordinances; and all the people answered with one voice, saying, All the words which the Lord has spoken, we will do and be obedient.

Exodus 24:9 (Tanakh)	Exodus 24:9 (KJV)	Exodus 24:9 (NET)
Then went up Moses, and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel;	Then went up Moses, and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel:	Moses and Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, and the seventy elders of Israel went up,

Exodus 24:9 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 24:9 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἀνέβη Μωυσῆς καὶ Ααρων καὶ Ναδαβ καὶ Αβιουδ καὶ ἑβδομήκοντα τῆς γερουσίας Ισραηλ	Καὶ ἀνέβη Μωυσῆς καὶ ᾿Ααρὼν καὶ Ναδὰβ καὶ ᾿Αβιοὺδ καὶ ἑβδομήκοντα τῆς γερουσίας ᾿Ισραήλ
Exodus 24:9 (NETS)	Exodus 24:9 (English Elpenor)
And Moyses and Aaron and Nadab and Abioud and seventy of the elders’ council of Israel went up.	And Moses went up, and Aaron, and Nadab and Abiud, and seventy of the elders of Israel.

Exodus 24:10 (Tanakh)	Exodus 24:10 (KJV)	Exodus 24:10 (NET)
and they saw the G-d of Israel; and there was under His feet the like of a paved work of sapphire stone, and the like of the very heaven for clearness.	And they saw the God of Israel: and there was under his feet as it were a paved work of a sapphire stone, and as it were the body of heaven in his clearness.	and they saw the God of Israel. Under his feet there was something like a pavement made of sapphire, clear like the sky itself.

Exodus 24:10 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 24:10 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶδον τὸν τόπον οὗ εἱστήκει ἐκεῖ ὁ θεὸς τοῦ Ισραηλ καὶ τὰ ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ ὡσεὶ ἔργον πλίνθου σαπφείρου καὶ ὥσπερ εἶδος στερεώματος τοῦ οὐρανοῦ τῇ καθαριότητι	καὶ εἶδον τὸν τόπον, οὗ εἱστήκει ὁ Θεὸς τοῦ ᾿Ισραήλ· καὶ τά ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ ὡσεὶ ἔργον πλίνθου σαπφείρου καὶ ὥσπερ εἶδος στερεώματος τοῦ οὐρανοῦ τῇ καθαριότητι
Exodus 24:10 (NETS)	Exodus 24:10 (English Elpenor)
And they saw the place where the God of Israel stood, and that which was beneath his feet, like something made from lapis lazuli brick and like the appearance of the firmament of heaven in purity.	And they saw the place where the God of Israel stood; and under his feet was as it were a work of sapphire slabs, and as it were the appearance of the firmament of heaven in its purity.

Exodus 24:12 (Tanakh)	Exodus 24:12 (KJV)	Exodus 24:12 (NET)
And HaShem said unto Moses: ‘Come up to Me into the mount and be there; and I will give thee the tables of stone, and the law and the commandment, which I have written, that thou mayest teach them.’	And the LORD said unto Moses, Come up to me into the mount, and be there: and I will give thee tables of stone, and a law, and commandments which I have written; that thou mayest teach them.	The Lord said to Moses, “Come up to me on the mountain and remain there, and I will give you the stone tablets with the law and the commandments that I have written, so that you may teach them.”

Exodus 24:12 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 24:12 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν ἀνάβηθι πρός με εἰς τὸ ὄρος καὶ ἴσθι ἐκεῖ καὶ δώσω σοι τὰ πυξία τὰ λίθινα τὸν νόμον καὶ τὰς ἐντολάς ἃς ἔγραψα νομοθετῆσαι αὐτοῖς	καὶ εἶπε Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν· ἀνάβηθι πρός με εἰς τὸ ὄρος καὶ ἴσθι ἐκεῖ· καὶ δώσω σοι τὰ πυξία τὰ λίθινα, τὸν νόμον καὶ τὰς ἐντολάς, ἃς ἔγραψα νομοθετῆσαι αὐτοῖς
Exodus 24:12 (NETS)	Exodus 24:12 (English Elpenor)
And the Lord said to Moyses, “Come up to me into the mountain, and be there. And I will give you stone tablets, the law and the commandments that I wrote to legislate for them.”	And the Lord said to Moses, Come up to me into the mountain, and be there; and I will give thee the tables of stone, the law and the commandments, which I have written to give them laws.

Exodus 15:5 (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:5 (KJV)	Exodus 15:5 (NET)
The deeps cover them–they went down into the depths like a stone.	The depths have covered them: they sank into the bottom as a stone.	The depths have covered them; they went down to the bottom like a stone.

Exodus 15:5 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 15:5 (Septuagint Elpenor)
πόντῳ ἐκάλυψεν αὐτούς κατέδυσαν εἰς βυθὸν ὡσεὶ λίθος	πόντῳ ἐκάλυψεν αὐτούς, κατέδυσαν εἰς βυθὸν ὡσεὶ λίθος
Exodus 15:5 (NETS)	Exodus 15:5 (English Elpenor)
With open sea he covered them; they sank down into the deep like a stone.	He covered them with the sea: they sank to the depth like a stone.

Exodus 15:6 (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:6 (KJV)	Exodus 15:6 (NET)
Thy right hand, O HaShem, glorious in power, Thy right hand, O HaShem, dasheth in pieces the enemy.	Thy right hand, O LORD, is become glorious in power: thy right hand, O LORD, hath dashed in pieces the enemy.	Your right hand, O Lord, was majestic in power; your right hand, O Lord, shattered the enemy.

Exodus 15:6 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 15:6 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἡ δεξιά σου κύριε δεδόξασται ἐν ἰσχύι ἡ δεξιά σου χείρ κύριε ἔθραυσεν ἐχθρούς	ἡ δεξιά σου, Κύριε, δεδόξασται ἐν ἰσχύϊ· ἡ δεξιά σου χείρ, Κύριε, ἔθραυσεν ἐχθρούς
Exodus 15:6 (NETS)	Exodus 15:6 (English Elpenor)
Your right hand, O Lord, has been glorified in power; your right hand, O Lord, crushed enemies.	Thy right hand, O God, has been glorified in strength; thy right hand, O God, has broken the enemies.

Exodus 15:7 (Tanakh)	Exodus 15:7 (KJV)	Exodus 15:7 (NET)
And in the greatness of Thine excellency Thou overthrowest them that rise up against Thee; Thou sendest forth Thy wrath, it consumeth them as stubble.	And in the greatness of thine excellency thou hast overthrown them that rose up against thee: thou sentest forth thy wrath, which consumed them as stubble.	In the abundance of your majesty you have overthrown those who rise up against you. You sent forth your wrath; it consumed them like stubble.

Exodus 15:7 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 15:7 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ τῷ πλήθει τῆς δόξης σου συνέτριψας τοὺς ὑπεναντίους ἀπέστειλας τὴν ὀργήν σου καὶ κατέφαγεν αὐτοὺς ὡς καλάμην	καὶ τῷ πλήθει τῆς δόξης σου συνέτριψας τοὺς ὑπεναντίους· ἀπέστειλας τὴν ὀργήν σου καὶ κατέφαγεν αὐτοὺς ὡς καλάμην
Exodus 15:7 (NETS)	Exodus 15:7 (English Elpenor)
And in the abundance of your glory you scattered the adversaries; you sent your anger, and it consumed them like stubble.	And in the abundance of thy glory thou hast broken the adversaries to pieces: thou sentest forth thy wrath, it devoured them as stubble.

Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 4

Back to Exploration, Part 18

Back to Justice and Mercy Revisited, Part 5

Back to Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 5

Back to Who is a Christian? Part 1

¹ From “Who Was Rashi?,” an article on My Jewish Learning online.

² Justice and Mercy Revisited, Part 3

³ From “Mastering the Hiphil Stem in Biblical Hebrew: Introduction to the Hiphil Stem” on Biblical Hebrew online.

⁴ From “Hiphil הִפְעִיל: The Causative Power of the Hiphil Stem” on Biblical Hebrew online.

⁵ From “Hiphil הִפְעִיל: The Causative Power of the Hiphil Stem: The Function and Identity of the Hiphil Stem” on Biblical Hebrew online.

⁶ Isaiah 42:1a (ESV) Table

⁷ Matthew 12:18a (ESV)

⁸ Luke 20:38 (ESV)

⁹ Luke 16:29b (ESV) Table

¹⁰ From “Qal קַל: The Basic Stem of the Hebrew Verbal System” on Biblical Hebrew online.

¹¹ From “Qal קַל: The Basic Stem of the Hebrew Verbal System: Defining Qal within the Hebrew Binyan System” on Biblical Hebrew online.

¹² NET note 68.

¹³ Exodus 20:1 (ESV) Table

¹⁴ Exodus 24:3 (ESV)

¹⁵ Exodus 24:9, 10a (ESV)

¹⁶ Exodus 14:25b (ESV) Table

¹⁷ Exodus 15:3 (ESV)

¹⁸ From “Mastering the Hiphil Stem in Biblical Hebrew: Introduction to the Hiphil Stem” on Biblical Hebrew online.

¹⁹ From “Hiphil הִפְעִיל: The Causative Power of the Hiphil Stem” on Biblical Hebrew online.

²⁰ Ibid.

²¹ Exodus 24:3b (ESV)

²² Romans 9:31, 32a (ESV)

²³ From “Mastering the Hiphil Stem in Biblical Hebrew: Introduction to the Hiphil Stem” on Biblical Hebrew online.

²⁴ Romans 9:32b (ESV) Table

²⁵ Exodus 15:23, 24 (ESV)

²⁶ Exodus 15:27a (ESV)

²⁷ Exodus 15:25b (ESV)

²⁸ Exodus 15:26 (ESV)

²⁹ Steve Rodeheaver, “Exodus 15:22-27: Bitter Water and Sweet Wood” on The Voice online.

³⁰ Exodus 15:4 (ESV)

³¹ 2 Peter 3:9 (ESV) Table

³² Matthew 28:18b (ESV) Table

Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 2

Posted on January 12, 2026 by admin

This is a continuation of my review of the Lord’s patience with the 24,000 who joined themselves to Baal of Peor and were killed by Moses, Phineas and the judges or tribes of Israel. After the deaths of their firstborn (Exodus 12:33-39 ESV):

The Egyptians were urgent with the people [of Israel] to send them out of the land in haste. For they said, “We shall all be dead.” So the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading bowls being bound up in their cloaks on their shoulders. The people of Israel had also done as Moses told them, for they had asked the Egyptians for silver and gold jewelry and for clothing. And the Lord had given the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they let them have what they asked (šā’al, וַיַּשְׁאִלוּם; Septuagint: καὶ ἔχρησαν αὐτοῖς). Thus they plundered the Egyptians.

And the people of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand men on foot, besides women and children (ṭap̄, מִטָּף; Septuagint: τῆς ἀποσκευῆς). A mixed multitude also went up with them, and very much livestock, both flocks and herds. And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough that they had brought out of Egypt, for it was not leavened, because they were thrust out of Egypt and could not wait, nor had they prepared (ʿāśâ, עָשׂוּ; Septuagint: ἐποίησαν) any provisions (ṣêḏâ, צֵדָה; Septuagint: ἐπισιτισμὸν) for themselves.

In other words, the 24,000 ate the last of the food (ṣêḏâ, צֵדָה; Septuagint: ἐπισιτισμὸν) they had brought from Egypt, and they hadn’t done any work (ʿāśâ, עָשׂוּ; Septuagint: ἐποίησαν) to provide more for their journey. Exodus continues (Exodus 12:40-42 ESV):

The time that the people of Israel lived in Egypt [Septuagint: and in the land of Chanaan (NETS), and the land of Chanaan (English Elpenor)] was 430 years. At the end of 430 years, on that very day, all the hosts of the Lord went out from the land of Egypt. It was a night of watching by the Lord, to bring them out of the land of Egypt; so this same night is a night of watching kept to the Lord by all the people of Israel throughout their generations.

By the word of the Lord the 24,000 were well-fed for their Exodus from Egypt (Exodus 12:3-10 ESV).

Tell all the congregation of Israel that on the tenth day of this month every man shall take a lamb according to their fathers’ houses, a lamb for a household [Table]. And if the household is too small for a lamb, then he and his nearest neighbor shall take according to the number of persons; according to what each can eat you shall make your count for the lamb [Table]. Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male a year old. You may take it from the sheep or from the goats [Table], and you shall keep it until the fourteenth day of this month, when the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill their lambs at twilight [Table].

“Then they shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and the lintel of the houses in which they eat it [Table]. They shall eat the flesh that night, roasted on the fire; with unleavened bread and bitter herbs they shall eat it [Table]. Do not eat any of it raw or boiled in water, but roasted, its head with its legs and its inner parts [Table]. And you shall let none of it remain until the morning; anything that remains until the morning you shall burn [Table].

By the word of the Lord the 24,000 were dressed for their Exodus from Egypt (Exodus 12:11 ESV).

In this manner you shall eat it: with your belt fastened, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand. And you shall eat it in haste. It is the Lord’s Passover [Table].

By the word of the Lord the firstborn among the 24,000 (as well as their firstborn) were preserved for their Exodus from Egypt (Exodus 12:12, 13 ESV):

For I will pass through the land of Egypt that night, and I will strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and on all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am the Lord [Table]. The blood shall be a sign for you, on the houses where you are. And when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and no plague will befall you to destroy you, when I strike the land of Egypt [Table].

All the people of Israel did just as the Lord commanded Moses and Aaron. And on that very day the Lord brought the people of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their hosts.¹ So far in this story the 24,000 are true children of Abraham their father (James 2:21-23 ESV).

Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered up his son Isaac on the altar (Genesis 22:1-19)? You see that faith was active along with his works, and faith was completed by his works; and the Scripture was fulfilled that says, “Abraham believed God, and it was counted to him as righteousness” (Genesis 15:1-6)—and he was called a friend of God (2 Chronicles 20:5-7; Isaiah 41:8-10).

The 24,000 witnessed the Lord’s guidance on their journey from Egypt (Exodus 13:17, 18 ESV).

When Pharaoh let the people go, God did not lead them by way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near. For God said, “Lest the people change their minds when they see war and return to Egypt.” But God led the people around by the way of the wilderness toward the Red Sea. And the people of Israel went up out of the land of Egypt equipped for battle.

The Masoretic text and Septuagint diverge here.

Masoretic Text		Septuagint
Exodus 13:18 (Tanakh)	Exodus 13:18 (NET)	Exodus 13:18 (NETS)	Exodus 13:18 (English Elpenor)
But G-d led the people about, by the way of the wilderness by the Red Sea; and the children of Israel went up armed (וַֽחֲמֻשִׁ֛ים) out of the land of Egypt.	So God brought the people around by the way of the wilderness to the Red Sea, and the Israelites went up from the land of Egypt prepared for battle (ḥāmaš, וחמשים).	And God led the people a roundabout way towards the wilderness, towards the Red Sea. Now in the fifth generation (πέμπτη δὲ γενεὰ) the sons of Israel went up out of the land of Egypt.	And God led the people round by the way to the wilderness, to the Red Sea: and in the fifth generation (πέμπτῃ δὲ γενεᾷ) the children of Israel went up out of the land of Egypt.

A translator’s note (71) in the NET reads:

The term חֲמֻשִׁים (khamushim) is placed first for emphasis; it forms a circumstantial clause, explaining how they went up. Unfortunately, it is a rare word with uncertain meaning. Most translations have something to do with “in battle array” or “prepared to fight” if need be (cf. Josh 1:14; 4:12). The Targum took it as “armed with weapons.” The LXX had “in the fifth generation.” Some have opted for “in five divisions.”

The story continued (Exodus 13:19-22 ESV):

Moses took the bones of Joseph with him, for Joseph had made the sons of Israel solemnly swear, saying, “God will surely visit you, and you shall carry up my bones with you from here.” And they moved on from Succoth and encamped at Etham, on the edge of the wilderness. And the Lord (yᵊhōvâ, וַיהוָה; Septuagint: ὁ δὲ Θεὸς) went before them by day in a pillar of cloud to lead them along the way, and by night in a pillar of fire to give them light, that they might travel by day and by night. The pillar of cloud by day and the pillar of fire by night did not depart from before the people.

So, the 24,000 had a visible manifestation of the Lord (Septuagint: God) present with them from the time they left Egypt until their deaths in the wilderness. A subtle difference in the English translations of the Masoretic text and the Septuagint caught my attention.

Masoretic Text		Septuagint
Exodus 13:21 (Tanakh)	Exodus 13:21 (NET)	Exodus 13:21 (NETS)	Exodus 13:21 (English Elpenor)
And HaShem went before them by day in a pillar of cloud, to lead them the way; and by night in a pillar of fire, to give them light; that they might go by day and by night:	Now the Lord was going before them by day in a pillar of cloud to lead them in the way, and by night in a pillar of fire to give them light, so that they could travel day or night.	Now God was leading them, by day by a pillar of cloud to show them the way but during the night by a pillar of fire.	And God led them, in the day by a pillar of cloud, to show them the way, and in the night by a pillar of fire.

Whether the more animistic translation—HaShem went before them by day in a pillar of cloud (Tanakh)—and the more objective translation—God was leading them, by day by a pillar of cloud (NETS)—are attributable to some intrinsic quality of the Hebrew and Greek languages respectively or to an anthropological interpretation of them is, for the moment, irrelevant to me. What caught my attention is how this difference illustrates a difference between the ordinary religious mind and the mind of Christ, a stated purpose of all of these essays.

The “mind of Christ” is comforted and encouraged daily by the presence of God in the cloud and the pillar of fire, while the ordinary religious mind, because of the very persistence of the pillar of cloud and the pillar of fire, wonders whether God is present in them or not. The ordinary religious mind asks: “Are we just wandering aimlessly in this desert following a cloud?”

The Lord revealed his plan to Moses, and through him to Israel (Exodus 14:1-4 ESV):

Then the Lord said to Moses, “Tell the people of Israel to turn back and encamp in front of Pi-hahiroth, between Migdol and the sea, in front of Baal-zephon; you shall encamp facing it, by the sea. For Pharaoh will say of the people of Israel, ‘They are wandering in the land; the wilderness has shut them in.’ And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and he will pursue them, and I will get glory over Pharaoh and all his host, and the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord.” And they did so.

Thus the Lord began to teach the 24,000 battle strategy and tactics, even as He kept them from immediate confrontation with the Philistines. As the psalmist wrote (Psalm 119:97-98 ESV):

Oh how I love your law! It is my meditation all the day. Your commandment makes me wiser than my enemies, for it is ever with me.

The Lord, as He had promised, ensured that Pharaoh took the bait (Exodus 14:8-14 ESV).

And the Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued the people of Israel while the people of Israel were going out defiantly. The Egyptians pursued them, all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots and his horsemen and his army, and overtook them encamped at the sea, by Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.

When Pharaoh drew near, the people of Israel lifted up their eyes, and behold, the Egyptians were marching after them, and they feared (yārē’, וַיִּירְאוּ; Septuagint: ἐφοβήθησαν) greatly. And the people of Israel cried out to the Lord [e.g., Israel feared the approaching Egyptians rather than the Lord, and spoke accordingly]. They said to Moses, “Is it because there are no graves in Egypt that you have taken us away to die in the wilderness? What have you done to us in bringing us out of Egypt? Is not this what we said to you in Egypt: ‘Leave us alone that we may serve the Egyptians’? For it would have been better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in the wilderness.” And Moses said to the people, “Fear (yārē’, תִּירָאוּ; Septuagint: θαρσεῖτε) not (‘al, אַל; NETS: Take courage), stand firm, and see the salvation of the Lord (yᵊhōvâ, יְהוָה; BLB Septuagint: τοῦ θεοῦ; Elpenor Septuagint: τοῦ Κυρίου), which he will work for you today. For the Egyptians whom you see today, you shall never see again. The Lord will fight for you, and you have only to be silent.”

The Lord, as part of his program to commandeer the fighting men of Israel as his own chosen instrument of judgment on the peoples inhabiting the land of Canaan, showed the 24,000 and all of Israel the kind of favor and firepower that would go before them and be their rear guard in his battles (Exodus 14:15-20 ESV):

The Lord said to Moses, “Why do you cry to me? Tell the people of Israel to go forward. Lift up your staff, and stretch out your hand over the sea and divide it, that the people of Israel may go through the sea on dry ground. And I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians so that they shall go in after them, and I will get glory over Pharaoh and all his host, his chariots, and his horsemen. And (Septuagint: πάντες, all) the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord, when I have gotten glory over Pharaoh, his chariots, and his horsemen.”

Then the angel of God who was going before the host of Israel moved and went behind them, and the pillar of cloud moved from before them and stood behind them, coming between the host of Egypt and the host of Israel. And there was the cloud and the darkness. And it lit up the night without one coming near the other all night.

And it happened as the Lord said (Exodus 14:21-31 ESV):

Then Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and the Lord drove the sea back by a strong east (qāḏîm, קָדִים; Septuagint: νότῳ, south) wind all night and made the sea dry land, and the waters were divided. And the people of Israel went into the midst of the sea on dry ground, the waters being a wall to them on their right hand and on their left. The Egyptians pursued and went in after them into the midst of the sea, all Pharaoh’s horses, his chariots, and his horsemen. And in the morning watch the Lord in [through (Tanakh, KJV, NET); Septuagint: ἐν, through (English Elpenor), in (NETS)] the pillar of fire and of cloud looked down on the Egyptian forces and threw the Egyptian forces into a panic, clogging their chariot wheels so that they drove heavily. And the Egyptians said, “Let us flee from before Israel, for the Lord fights for them against the Egyptians.”

Then the Lord said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand over the sea, that the water may come back upon the Egyptians, upon their chariots, and upon their horsemen.” So Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its normal course when the morning appeared. And as the Egyptians fled into it, the Lord threw the Egyptians into the midst of the sea. The waters returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen; of all the host of Pharaoh that had followed them into the sea, not one of them remained. But the people of Israel walked on dry ground through the sea, the waters being a wall to them on their right hand and on their left.

Thus the Lord saved Israel that day from the hand of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the seashore. Israel saw the great power that the Lord used against the Egyptians, so the people feared (yārē’, וַיִּירְאוּ; Septuagint: ἐφοβήθη) the Lord, and they believed (‘āman, וַיַּאֲמִינוּ; Septuagint: ἐπίστευσαν) in the Lord (yᵊhōvâ, בַּיהוָה; Septuagint: τῷ Θεῷ) and in his servant Moses.

The 24,000 are not excluded from this fear or this faith. I’ll pick this up in another essay.

Tables comparing Exodus 12:33; 12:34; 12:35; 12:36; 12:37; 12:38; 12:39; 12:40; 12:41; 12:42; 12:50; 12:51; 13:17; 13:18; 13:19; 13:20; 13:21; 13:22; 14:1; 14:2; 14:3; 14:4; Psalm 119:97; 119:98; Exodus 14:8; 14:9; 14:10; 14:11; 14:12; 14:13; 14:14; 14:15; 14:16; 14:17; 14:18; 14:19; 14:20; 14:21; 14:22; 14:23; 14:24; 14:25; 14:26; 14:27; 14:28; 14:29; 14:30 and 14:31 in the Tanakh, KJV and NET, and comparing the Greek of Exodus 12:33; 12:34; 12:35; 12:36; 12:37; 12:38; 12:39; 12:40; 12:41; 12:42; 12:50; 12:51; 13:17; 13:18; 13:19; 13:20; 13:21; 13:22; 14:1; 14:2; 14:3; 14:4; Psalm 119:97 (118:97); 119:98 (118:98); Exodus 14:8; 14:9; 14:10; 14:11; 14:12; 14:13; 14:14; 14:15; 14:16; 14:17; 14:18; 14:19; 14:20; 14:21; 14:22; 14:23; 14:24; 14:25; 14:26; 14:27; 14:28; 14:29; 14:30 and 14:31 in the Septuagint (BLB and Elpenor) follow.

Exodus 12:33 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:33 (KJV)	Exodus 12:33 (NET)
And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people, to send them out of the land in haste; for they said: ‘We are all dead men.’	And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people, that they might send them out of the land in haste; for they said, We be all dead men.	The Egyptians were urging the people on, in order to send them out of the land quickly, for they were saying, “We are all dead!”

Exodus 12:33 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:33 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ κατεβιάζοντο οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι τὸν λαὸν σπουδῇ ἐκβαλεῖν αὐτοὺς ἐκ τῆς γῆς εἶπαν γὰρ ὅτι πάντες ἡμεῖς ἀποθνῄσκομεν	καὶ κατεβιάζοντο οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι τὸν λαὸν σπουδῇ ἐκβαλεῖν αὐτοὺς ἐκ τῆς γῆς· εἶπαν γάρ, ὅτι πάντες ἡμεῖς ἀποθνήσκομεν
Exodus 12:33 (NETS)	Exodus 12:33 (English Elpenor)
And the Egyptians were forcing the people, to throw them out of the land quickly. For they said, “We are all dying!”	And the Egyptians constrained the people, so that they cast them out of the land with haste, for they said, We all shall die.

Exodus 12:34 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:34 (KJV)	Exodus 12:34 (NET)
And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading-troughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders.	And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneadingtroughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders.	So the people took their dough before the yeast was added, with their kneading troughs bound up in their clothing on their shoulders.

Exodus 12:34 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:34 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἀνέλαβεν δὲ ὁ λαὸς τὸ σταῖς πρὸ τοῦ ζυμωθῆναι τὰ φυράματα αὐτῶν ἐνδεδεμένα ἐν τοῖς ἱματίοις αὐτῶν ἐπὶ τῶν ὤμων	ἀνέλαβε δὲ ὁ λαὸς τὸ σταῖς αὐτῶν πρὸ τοῦ ζυμωθῆναι τὰ φυράματα αὐτῶν ἐνδεδεμένα ἐν τοῖς ἱματίοις αὐτῶν ἐπὶ τῶν ὤμων
Exodus 12:34 (NETS)	Exodus 12:34 (English Elpenor)
Now the people took the dough before it was leavened, their kneaded mixtures wrapped in their clothes on their shoulders.	And the people took their dough before their meal was leavened, bound up [as it was] in their garments, on their shoulders.

Exodus 12:35 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:35 (KJV)	Exodus 12:35 (NET)
And the children of Israel did according to the word of Moses; and they asked of the Egyptians jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment.	And the children of Israel did according to the word of Moses; and they borrowed of the Egyptians jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment:	Now the Israelites had done as Moses told them—they had requested from the Egyptians silver and gold items and clothing.

Exodus 12:35 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:35 (Septuagint Elpenor)
οἱ δὲ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ ἐποίησαν καθὰ συνέταξεν αὐτοῖς Μωυσῆς καὶ ᾔτησαν παρὰ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων σκεύη ἀργυρᾶ καὶ χρυσᾶ καὶ ἱματισμόν	οἱ δὲ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐποίησαν καθὰ συνέταξεν αὐτοῖς Μωυσῆς, καὶ ᾔτησαν παρὰ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων σκεύη ἀργυρᾶ καὶ χρυσᾶ καὶ ἱματισμόν
Exodus 12:35 (NETS)	Exodus 12:35 (English Elpenor)
And the sons of Israel did as Moyses instructed them and asked from the Egyptians silver and gold articles and clothing.	And the children of Israel did as Moses commanded them, and they asked of the Egyptians articles of silver and gold and apparel.

Exodus 12:36 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:36 (KJV)	Exodus 12:36 (NET)
And HaShem gave the people favour in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they let them have what they asked. And they despoiled the Egyptians.	And the LORD gave the people favour in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they lent unto them such things as they required. And they spoiled the Egyptians.	The Lord gave the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians, and they gave them whatever they wanted, and so they plundered Egypt.

Exodus 12:36 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:36 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ κύριος ἔδωκεν τὴν χάριν τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ ἐναντίον τῶν Αἰγυπτίων καὶ ἔχρησαν αὐτοῖς καὶ ἐσκύλευσαν τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους	καὶ ἔδωκε Κύριος τὴν χάριν τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ ἐναντίον τῶν Αἰγυπτίων, καὶ ἔχρησαν αὐτοῖς· καὶ ἐσκύλευσαν τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους
Exodus 12:36 (NETS)	Exodus 12:36 (English Elpenor)
And the Lord gave favor to his people before the Egyptians, and they supplied them, and they plundered the Egyptians.	And the Lord gave his people favour in the sight of the Egyptians, and they lent to them; and they spoiled the Egyptians.

Exodus 12:37 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:37 (KJV)	Exodus 12:37 (NET)
And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand men on foot, beside children.	And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot that were men, beside children.	The Israelites journeyed from Rameses to Sukkoth. There were about 600,000 men on foot, plus their dependents.

Exodus 12:37 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:37 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἀπάραντες δὲ οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ ἐκ Ραμεσση εἰς Σοκχωθα εἰς ἑξακοσίας χιλιάδας πεζῶν οἱ ἄνδρες πλὴν τῆς ἀποσκευῆς	᾿Απάραντες δὲ οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐκ Ῥαμεσσῆ εἰς Σοκχώθ εἰς ἑξακοσίας χιλιάδας πεζῶν, οἱ ἄνδρες, πλὴν τῆς ἀποσκευῆς
Exodus 12:37 (NETS)	Exodus 12:37 (English Elpenor)
Now the sons of Israel marched from Ramesses to Sokchotha; the men were Bout six hundred thousand foot soldiers, apart from the chattels.	And the children Israel departed from Ramesses to Socchoth, to [the full number of] six hundred thousand footmen, even men, besides the baggage.

Exodus 12:38 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:38 (KJV)	Exodus 12:38 (NET)
And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.	And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.	A mixed multitude also went up with them, and flocks and herds—a very large number of cattle.

Exodus 12:38 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:38 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐπίμικτος πολὺς συνανέβη αὐτοῖς καὶ πρόβατα καὶ βόες καὶ κτήνη πολλὰ σφόδρα	καὶ ἐπίμικτος πολὺς συνανέβη αὐτοῖς καὶ πρόβατα καὶ βόες καὶ κτήνη πολλὰ σφόδρα
Exodus 12:38 (NETS)	Exodus 12:38 (English Elpenor)
And a great mixed crowd went up with them, and sheep and oxen, even a great many animals.	And a great mixed [company] went up with them, and sheep and oxen and very much cattle.

Exodus 12:39 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:39 (KJV)	Exodus 12:39 (NET)
And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual.	And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual.	They baked cakes of bread without yeast using the dough they had brought from Egypt, for it was made without yeast. Because they were thrust out of Egypt and were not able to delay, they could not prepare food for themselves either.

Exodus 12:39 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:39 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἔπεψαν τὸ σταῖς ὃ ἐξήνεγκαν ἐξ Αἰγύπτου ἐγκρυφίας ἀζύμους οὐ γὰρ ἐζυμώθη ἐξέβαλον γὰρ αὐτοὺς οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι καὶ οὐκ ἠδυνήθησαν ἐπιμεῖναι οὐδὲ ἐπισιτισμὸν ἐποίησαν ἑαυτοῖς εἰς τὴν ὁδόν	καὶ ἔπεψαν τὸ σταῖς, ὃ ἐξήνεγκαν ἐξ Αἰγύπτου, ἐγκρυφίας ἀζύμους· οὐ γὰρ ἐζυμώθη· ἐξέβαλον γὰρ αὐτοὺς οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι, καὶ οὐκ ἠδυνήθησαν ἐπιμεῖναι οὐδὲ ἐπισιτισμὸν ἐποίησαν ἑαυτοῖς εἰς τὴν ὁδόν
Exodus 12:39 (NETS)	Exodus 12:39 (English Elpenor)
And they baked the dough that they brought from Egypt, unleavened bread baked in ashes, for it was not leavened. For the Egyptians had thrown them out, and they were unable to remain, nor did they make provision for themselves for the journey.	And they baked the dough which they brought out of Egypt, unleavened cakes, for it had not been leavened; for the Egyptians cast them out, and they could not remain, neither did they prepare provision for themselves for the journey.

Exodus 12:40 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:40 (KJV)	Exodus 12:40 (NET)
Now the time that the children of Israel dwelt in Egypt was four hundred and thirty years.	Now the sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt, was four hundred and thirty years.	Now the length of time the Israelites lived in Egypt was 430 years.

Exodus 12:40 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:40 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἡ δὲ κατοίκησις τῶν υἱῶν Ισραηλ ἣν κατῴκησαν ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ καὶ ἐν γῇ Χανααν ἔτη τετρακόσια τριάκοντα	ἡ δὲ κατοίκησις τῶν υἱῶν ᾿Ισραήλ, ἣν κατῴκησαν ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ καὶ ἐν γῇ Χαναάν, ἔτη τετρακόσια τριάκοντα
Exodus 12:40 (NETS)	Exodus 12:40 (English Elpenor)
Now the residence of the sons of Israel during which they dwelt in the land, Egypt, and in the land of Chanaan was four hundred thirty years.	And the sojourning of the children of Israel, while they sojourned in the land of Egypt and the land of Chanaan, [was] four hundred and thirty years.

Exodus 12:41 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:41 (KJV)	Exodus 12:41 (NET)
And it came to pass at the end of four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the host of HaShem went out from the land of Egypt.	And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts of the LORD went out from the land of Egypt.	At the end of the 430 years, on the very day, all the regiments of the Lord went out of the land of Egypt.

Exodus 12:41, 42a (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:41 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐγένετο μετὰ τὰ τετρακόσια τριάκοντα ἔτη ἐξῆλθεν πᾶσα ἡ δύναμις κυρίου ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου (42) νυκτὸς	καὶ ἐγένετο μετὰ τὰ τετρακόσια τριάκοντα ἔτη, ἐξῆλθε πᾶσα ἡ δύναμις Κυρίου ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου νυκτός
Exodus 12:41 (NETS)	Exodus 12:41 (English Elpenor)
And it happened after four hundred and thirty years that all the host of the Lord went out from the land of Egypt during the night.	And it came to pass after the four hundred and thirty years, all the forces of the Lord came forth out of the land of Egypt by night.

Exodus 12:42 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:42 (KJV)	Exodus 12:42 (NET)
It was a night of watching unto HaShem for bringing them out from the land of Egypt; this same night is a night of watching unto HaShem for all the children of Israel throughout their generations.	It is a night to be much observed unto the LORD for bringing them out from the land of Egypt: this is that night of the LORD to be observed of all the children of Israel in their generations.	It was a night of vigil for the Lord to bring them out from the land of Egypt, and so on this night all Israel is to keep the vigil to the Lord for generations to come.

Exodus 12:42b (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:42 (Septuagint Elpenor)
προφυλακή ἐστιν τῷ κυρίῳ ὥστε ἐξαγαγεῖν αὐτοὺς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου ἐκείνη ἡ νὺξ αὕτη προφυλακὴ κυρίῳ ὥστε πᾶσι τοῖς υἱοῖς Ισραηλ εἶναι εἰς γενεὰς αὐτῶν	προφυλακή ἐστι τῷ Κυρίῳ, ὥστε ἐξαγαγεῖν αὐτοὺς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου· ἐκείνη ἡ νὺξ αὕτη προφυλακὴ Κυρίῳ, ὥστε πᾶσι τοῖς υἱοῖς ᾿Ισραὴλ εἶναι εἰς γενεὰς αὐτῶν
Exodus 12:42 (NETS)	Exodus 12:42 (English Elpenor)
It is a vigil for the Lord so that he might bring them out of the land of Egypt. That night is this vigil for the Lord so that it might be for all the sons of Israel throughout their generations.	It is a watch kept to the Lord, so that he should bring them out of the land of Egypt; that very night is a watch kept to the Lord, so that it should be to all the children of Israel to their generations.

Exodus 12:50 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:50 (KJV)	Exodus 12:50 (NET)
Thus did all the children of Israel; as HaShem commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.	Thus did all the children of Israel; as the LORD commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.	So all the Israelites did exactly as the Lord commanded Moses and Aaron.

Exodus 12:50 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:50 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐποίησαν οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ καθὰ ἐνετείλατο κύριος τῷ Μωυσῇ καὶ Ααρων πρὸς αὐτούς οὕτως ἐποίησαν	καὶ ἐποίησαν οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ καθὰ ἐνετείλατο Κύριος τῷ Μωυσῇ καὶ ᾿Ααρὼν πρὸς αὐτούς, οὕτως ἐποίησαν
Exodus 12:50 (NETS)	Exodus 12:50 (English Elpenor)
And the sons of Israel did just as the Lord commanded Moyses and Aaron for them; so they did.	And the children of Israel did as the Lord commanded Moses and Aaron for them, so they did.

Exodus 12:51 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:51 (KJV)	Exodus 12:51 (NET)
And it came to pass the selfsame day that HaShem did bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their hosts.	And it came to pass the selfsame day, that the LORD did bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their armies.	And on this very day the Lord brought the Israelites out of the land of Egypt by their regiments.

Exodus 12:51 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:51 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐγένετο ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ἐξήγαγεν κύριος τοὺς υἱοὺς Ισραηλ ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου σὺν δυνάμει αὐτῶν	καὶ ἐγένετο ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ, ἐξήγαγε Κύριος τοὺς υἱοὺς ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου σὺν δυνάμει αὐτῶν
Exodus 12:51 (NETS)	Exodus 12:51 (English Elpenor)
And it happened on that day the Lord brought the sons of Israel out of the land of Egypt together with their host.	And it came to pass in that day that the Lord brought out the children of Israel from the land of Egypt with their forces.

Exodus 13:17 (Tanakh)	Exodus 13:17 (KJV)	Exodus 13:17 (NET)
And it came to pass, when Pharaoh had let the people go, that G-d led them not by the way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near; for G-d said: ‘Lest peradventure the people repent when they see war, and they return to Egypt.’	And it came to pass, when Pharaoh had let the people go, that God led them not through the way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near; for God said, Lest peradventure the people repent when they see war, and they return to Egypt:	When Pharaoh released the people, God did not lead them by the way to the land of the Philistines, although that was nearby, for God said, “Lest the people change their minds and return to Egypt when they experience war.”

Exodus 13:17 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 13:17 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ὡς δὲ ἐξαπέστειλεν Φαραω τὸν λαόν οὐχ ὡδήγησεν αὐτοὺς ὁ θεὸς ὁδὸν γῆς Φυλιστιιμ ὅτι ἐγγὺς ἦν εἶπεν γὰρ ὁ θεός μήποτε μεταμελήσῃ τῷ λαῷ ἰδόντι πόλεμον καὶ ἀποστρέψῃ εἰς Αἴγυπτον	῾Ως δὲ ἐξαπέστειλε Φαραὼ τὸν λαόν, οὐχ ὡδήγησεν αὐτοὺς ὁ Θεὸς ὁδὸν γῆς Φυλιστιείμ, ὅτι ἐγγὺς ἦν· εἶπε γὰρ ὁ Θεός· μήποτε μεταμελήσῃ τῷ λαῷ ἰδόντι πόλεμον, καὶ ἀποστρέψῃ εἰς Αἴγυπτον
Exodus 13:17 (NETS)	Exodus 13:17 (English Elpenor)
Now when Pharao sent away the people, God did not lead them the way of the land of the Phylistiim, because it was near. For God said, “Lest there be regret by the people when they see war and they return to Egypt.”	And when Pharao sent forth the people, God led them not by the way of the land of the Phylistines, because it was near; for God said, Lest at any time the people repent when they see war, and return to Egypt.

Exodus 13:18 (Tanakh)	Exodus 13:18 (KJV)	Exodus 13:18 (NET)
But G-d led the people about, by the way of the wilderness by the Red Sea; and the children of Israel went up armed out of the land of Egypt.	But God led the people about, through the way of the wilderness of the Red sea: and the children of Israel went up harnessed out of the land of Egypt.	So God brought the people around by the way of the wilderness to the Red Sea, and the Israelites went up from the land of Egypt prepared for battle.

Exodus 13:18 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 13:18 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐκύκλωσεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν λαὸν ὁδὸν τὴν εἰς τὴν ἔρημον εἰς τὴν ἐρυθρὰν θάλασσαν πέμπτη δὲ γενεὰ ἀνέβησαν οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου	καὶ ἐκύκλωσεν ὁ Θεὸς τὸν λαὸν ὁδὸν τὴν εἰς τὴν ἔρημον, εἰς τὴν ἐρυθρὰν θάλασσαν, πέμπτῃ δὲ γενεᾷ ἀνέβησαν οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου
Exodus 13:18 (NETS)	Exodus 13:18 (English Elpenor)
And God led the people a roundabout way towards the wilderness, towards the Red Sea. Now in the fifth generation the sons of Israel went up out of the land of Egypt.	And God led the people round by the way to the wilderness, to the Red Sea: and in the fifth generation the children of Israel went up out of the land of Egypt.

Exodus 13:19 (Tanakh)	Exodus 13:19 (KJV)	Exodus 13:19 (NET)
And Moses took the bones of Joseph with him; for he had straitly sworn the children of Israel, saying: ‘G-d will surely remember you; and ye shall carry up my bones away hence with you.’	And Moses took the bones of Joseph with him: for he had straitly sworn the children of Israel, saying, God will surely visit you; and ye shall carry up my bones away hence with you.	Moses took the bones of Joseph with him, for Joseph had made the Israelites solemnly swear, “God will surely attend to you, and you will carry my bones up from this place with you.”

Exodus 13:19 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 13:19 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἔλαβεν Μωυσῆς τὰ ὀστᾶ Ιωσηφ μεθ᾽ ἑαυτοῦ ὅρκῳ γὰρ ὥρκισεν Ιωσηφ τοὺς υἱοὺς Ισραηλ λέγων ἐπισκοπῇ ἐπισκέψεται ὑμᾶς κύριος καὶ συνανοίσετέ μου τὰ ὀστᾶ ἐντεῦθεν μεθ᾽ ὑμῶν	καὶ ἔλαβε Μωυσῆς τὰ ὀστᾶ ᾿Ιωσὴφ μεθ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ· ὅρκῳ γὰρ ὥρκισε τοὺς υἱοὺς ᾿Ισραὴλ λέγων· ἐπισκοπῇ ἐπισκέψεται ὑμᾶς Κύριος καὶ συνανοίσετέ μου τὰ ὀστᾶ ἐντεῦθεν μεθ᾿ ὑμῶν
Exodus 13:19 (NETS)	Exodus 13:19 (English Elpenor)
And Moyses took the bones of Ioseph with him. For Ioseph made the sons of Israel swear an oath, saying, “With a concern the Lord will concern himself with you, and you shall bring my bone there with you.”	And Moses took the bones of Joseph with him, for he had solemnly adjured the children of Israel, saying, God will surely visit you, and ye shall carry up my bones hence with you.

Exodus 13:20 (Tanakh)	Exodus 13:20 (KJV)	Exodus 13:20 (NET)
And they took their journey from Succoth, and encamped in Etham, in the edge of the wilderness.	And they took their journey from Succoth, and encamped in Etham, in the edge of the wilderness.	They journeyed from Sukkoth and camped in Etham, on the edge of the desert.

Exodus 13:20 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 13:20 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐξάραντες δὲ οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ ἐκ Σοκχωθ ἐστρατοπέδευσαν ἐν Οθομ παρὰ τὴν ἔρημον	ἐξάραντες δὲ οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐκ Σοκχὼθ ἐστρατοπέδευσαν ἐν ᾿Οθὼμ παρὰ τὴν ἔρημον
Exodus 13:20 (NETS)	Exodus 13:20 (English Elpenor)
Then the sons of Israel, when they departed from Sokchoth, camped at Othom on the edge of the wilderness.	And the children of Israel departed from Socchoth, and encamped in Othom by the wilderness.

Exodus 13:21 (Tanakh)	Exodus 13:21 (KJV)	Exodus 13:21 (NET)
And HaShem went before them by day in a pillar of cloud, to lead them the way; and by night in a pillar of fire, to give them light; that they might go by day and by night:	And the LORD went before them by day in a pillar of a cloud, to lead them the way; and by night in a pillar of fire, to give them light; to go by day and night:	Now the Lord was going before them by day in a pillar of cloud to lead them in the way, and by night in a pillar of fire to give them light, so that they could travel day or night.

Exodus 13:21 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 13:21 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ὁ δὲ θεὸς ἡγεῖτο αὐτῶν ἡμέρας μὲν ἐν στύλῳ νεφέλης δεῖξαι αὐτοῖς τὴν ὁδόν τὴν δὲ νύκτα ἐν στύλῳ πυρός	ὁ δὲ Θεὸς ἡγεῖτο αὐτῶν, ἡμέρας μὲν ἐν στύλῳ νεφέλης, δεῖξαι αὐτοῖς τὴν ὁδόν, τὴν δὲ νύκτα ἐν στύλῳ πυρός
Exodus 13:21 (NETS)	Exodus 13:21 (English Elpenor)
Now God was leading them, by day by a pillar of cloud to show them the way but during the night by a pillar of fire.	And God led them, in the day by a pillar of cloud, to show them the way, and in the night by a pillar of fire.

Exodus 13:22 (Tanakh)	Exodus 13:22 (KJV)	Exodus 13:22 (NET)
the pillar of cloud by day, and the pillar of fire by night, departed not from before the people.	He took not away the pillar of the cloud by day, nor the pillar of fire by night, from before the people.	He did not remove the pillar of cloud by day nor the pillar of fire by night from before the people.

Exodus 13:22 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 13:22 (Septuagint Elpenor)
οὐκ ἐξέλιπεν ὁ στῦλος τῆς νεφέλης ἡμέρας καὶ ὁ στῦλος τοῦ πυρὸς νυκτὸς ἐναντίον παντὸς τοῦ λαοῦ	οὐκ ἐξέλιπε δὲ ὁ στῦλος τῆς νεφέλης ἡμέρας καὶ ὁ στῦλος τοῦ πυρὸς νυκτὸς ἐναντίον τοῦ λαοῦ παντός
Exodus 13:22 (NETS)	Exodus 13:22 (English Elpenor)
The pillar of cloud during the day and the pillar of fire by night did not depart from before all the people.	And the pillar of cloud failed not by day, nor the pillar of fire by night, before all the people.

Exodus 14:1 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:1 (KJV)	Exodus 14:1 (NET)
And HaShem spoke unto Moses, saying:	And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,	The Lord spoke to Moses,

Exodus 14:1 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:1 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐλάλησεν κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν λέγων	ΚΑΙ ἐλάλησε Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν λέγων
Exodus 14:1 (NETS)	Exodus 14:1 (English Elpenor)
And the Lord spoke to Moyses, saying:	And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,

Exodus 14:2 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:2 (KJV)	Exodus 14:2 (NET)
‘Speak unto the children of Israel, that they turn back and encamp before Pi-hahiroth, between Migdol and the sea, before Baal-zephon, over against it shall ye encamp by the sea.	Speak unto the children of Israel, that they turn and encamp before Pihahiroth, between Migdol and the sea, over against Baalzephon: before it shall ye encamp by the sea.	“Tell the Israelites that they must turn and camp before Pi Hahiroth, between Migdol and the sea; you are to camp by the sea before Baal Zephon opposite it.

Exodus 14:2 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:2 (Septuagint Elpenor)
λάλησον τοῖς υἱοῖς Ισραηλ καὶ ἀποστρέψαντες στρατοπεδευσάτωσαν ἀπέναντι τῆς ἐπαύλεως ἀνὰ μέσον Μαγδώλου καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης ἐξ ἐναντίας Βεελσεπφων ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν στρατοπεδεύσεις ἐπὶ τῆς θαλάσσης	λάλησον τοῖς υἱοῖς ᾿Ισραήλ, καὶ ἀποστρέψαντες στρατοπεδευσάτωσαν ἀπέναντι τῆς ἐπαύλεως, ἀνὰ μέσον Μαγδώλου καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης, ἐξεναντίας Βεελσεπφῶν, ἐνώπιον αὐτῶν στρατοπεδεύσεις ἐπὶ τῆς θαλάσσης
Exodus 14:2 (NETS)	Exodus 14:2 (English Elpenor)
Speak to the sons of Israel, and when they turn back, let them camp opposite the village between Magdolos and between the sea, opposite Beelsepphon. Before them you shall camp by the sea.	Speak to the children of Israel, and let them turn and encamp before the village, between Magdol and the sea, opposite Beel-sepphon: before them shalt thou encamp by the sea.

Exodus 14:3 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:3 (KJV)	Exodus 14:3 (NET)
And Pharaoh will say of the children of Israel: They are entangled in the land, the wilderness hath shut them in.	For Pharaoh will say of the children of Israel, They are entangled in the land, the wilderness hath shut them in.	Pharaoh will think regarding the Israelites, ‘They are wandering around confused in the land—the desert has closed in on them.’

Exodus 14:3 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:3 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐρεῖ Φαραω τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ πλανῶνται οὗτοι ἐν τῇ γῇ συγκέκλεικεν γὰρ αὐτοὺς ἡ ἔρημος	καὶ ἐρεῖ Φαραὼ τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ· οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ πλανῶνται οὗτοι ἐν τῇ γῇ· συγκέκλεικε γὰρ αὐτοὺς ἡ ἔρημος
Exodus 14:3 (NETS)	Exodus 14:3 (English Elpenor)
And Pharao will say to his people, “These sons of Israel are wandering in the land. For the wilderness has closed in on them.”	And Pharao will say to his people, As for these children of Israel, they are wandering in the land, for the wilderness has shut them in.

Exodus 14:4 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:4 (KJV)	Exodus 14:4 (NET)
And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and he shall follow after them; and I will get Me honour upon Pharaoh, and upon all his host; and the Egyptians shall know that I am HaShem.’ And they did so.	And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, that he shall follow after them; and I will be honoured upon Pharaoh, and upon all his host; that the Egyptians may know that I am the LORD. And they did so.	I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and he will chase after them. I will gain honor because of Pharaoh and because of all his army, and the Egyptians will know that I am the Lord.” So this is what they did.

Exodus 14:4 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:4 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐγὼ δὲ σκληρυνῶ τὴν καρδίαν Φαραω καὶ καταδιώξεται ὀπίσω αὐτῶν καὶ ἐνδοξασθήσομαι ἐν Φαραω καὶ ἐν πάσῃ τῇ στρατιᾷ αὐτοῦ καὶ γνώσονται πάντες οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι κύριος καὶ ἐποίησαν οὕτως	ἐγὼ δὲ σκληρυνῶ τὴν καρδίαν Φαραώ, καὶ καταδιώξεται ὀπίσω αὐτῶν· καὶ ἐνδοξασθήσομαι ἐν Φαραὼ καὶ ἐν πᾶσι τῇ στρατιᾷ αὐτοῦ, καὶ γνώσονται πάντες οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι Κύριος. καὶ ἐποίησαν οὕτως
Exodus 14:4 (NETS)	Exodus 14:4 (English Elpenor)
Now I will harden Pharao’s heart, and he will pursue after them. And I will be glorified in Pharao and in all his army, and all the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord. And they did so.	And I will harden the heart of Pharao, and he shall pursue after them; and I will be glorified in Pharao, and in all his host, and all the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord. And they did so.

Psalm 119:97 (Tanakh)	Psalm 119:97 (KJV)	Psalm 119:97 (NET)
O how I love thy law! it is my meditation all the day.	MEM. O how love I thy law! it is my meditation all the day.	(Mem) O how I love your law! All day long I meditate on it.

Psalm 119:97 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 118:97 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ιγʹ μημ ὡς ἠγάπησα τὸν νόμον σου κύριε ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν μελέτη μού ἐστιν	῾Ως ἠγάπησα τὸν νόμον σου, Κύριε· ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν μελέτη μού ἐστιν
Psalm 118:97 (NETS)	Psalm 118:97 (English Elpenor)
mem. Oh, how I loved your law, O Lord! All day long it is my meditation.	How I have loved thy law, O Lord! it is my meditation all the day.

Psalm 119:98 (Tanakh)	Psalm 119:98 (KJV)	Psalm 119:98 (NET)
Thou through thy commandments hast made me wiser than mine enemies: for they are ever with me.	Thou through thy commandments hast made me wiser than mine enemies: for they are ever with me.	Your commandments make me wiser than my enemies, for I am always aware of them.

Psalm 119:98 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 118:98 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ὑπὲρ τοὺς ἐχθρούς μου ἐσόφισάς με τὴν ἐντολήν σου ὅτι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνά μοί ἐστιν	ὑπὲρ τοὺς ἐχθρούς μου ἐσόφισάς με τὴν ἐντολήν σου, ὅτι εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα ἐμή ἐστιν
Psalm 118:98 (NETS)	Psalm 118:98 (English Elpenor)
Wiser than my enemies you made me regarding your commandment, because it is mine forever.	Thou hast made me wiser than mine enemies [in] thy commandment; for it is mine for ever.

Exodus 14:8 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:8 (KJV)	Exodus 14:8 (NET)
And HaShem hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued after the children of Israel; for the children of Israel went out with a high hand.	And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued after the children of Israel: and the children of Israel went out with an high hand.	But the Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he chased after the Israelites. Now the Israelites were going out defiantly.

Exodus 14:8 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:8 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐσκλήρυνεν κύριος τὴν καρδίαν Φαραω βασιλέως Αἰγύπτου καὶ τῶν θεραπόντων αὐτοῦ καὶ κατεδίωξεν ὀπίσω τῶν υἱῶν Ισραηλ οἱ δὲ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ ἐξεπορεύοντο ἐν χειρὶ ὑψηλῇ	καὶ ἐσκλήρυνε Κύριος τὴν καρδίαν Φαραὼ βασιλέως Αἰγύπτου καὶ τῶν θεραπόντων αὐτοῦ, καὶ κατεδίωξεν ὀπίσω τῶν υἱῶν ᾿Ισραήλ· οἱ δὲ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐξεπορεύοντο ἐν χειρὶ ὑψηλῇ
Exodus 14:8 (NETS)	Exodus 14:8 (English Elpenor)
And the Lord hardened the heart of Pharao, king of Egypt, and he pursued after the sons of Israel. Now the sons of Israel were leaving with a high hand.	And the Lord hardened the heart of Pharao king of Egypt, and of his servants, and he pursued after the children of Israel; and the children of Israel went forth with a high hand.

Exodus 14:9 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:9 (KJV)	Exodus 14:9 (NET)
And the Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, in front of Baal-zephon.	But the Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pihahiroth, before Baalzephon.	The Egyptians chased after them, and all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh and his horsemen and his army overtook them camping by the sea, beside Pi Hahiroth, before Baal Zephon.

Exodus 14:9 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:9 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ κατεδίωξαν οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι ὀπίσω αὐτῶν καὶ εὕροσαν αὐτοὺς παρεμβεβληκότας παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ πᾶσα ἡ ἵππος καὶ τὰ ἅρματα Φαραω καὶ οἱ ἱππεῖς καὶ ἡ στρατιὰ αὐτοῦ ἀπέναντι τῆς ἐπαύλεως ἐξ ἐναντίας Βεελσεπφων	καὶ κατεδίωξαν οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι ὀπίσω αὐτῶν καὶ εὕροσαν αὐτοὺς παρεμβεβληκότας παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν, καὶ πᾶσα ἡ ἵππος καὶ τὰ ἅρματα Φαραὼ καὶ οἱ ἱππεῖς καὶ ἡ στρατιὰ αὐτοῦ ἀπέναντι τῆς ἐπαύλεως ἐξεναντίας Βεελσεπφῶν
Exodus 14:9 (NETS)	Exodus 14:9 (English Elpenor)
And the Egyptians pursued after them and found them encamped by the sea, and all the cavalry and chariots of Pharao and the horseman and his army were opposite the village, opposite Beelsephon.	And the Egyptians pursued after them, and found them encamped by the sea; and all the cavalry and the chariots of Pharao, and the horsemen, and his host [were] before the village, over against Beel-sepphon.

Exodus 14:10 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:10 (KJV)	Exodus 14:10 (NET)
And when Pharaoh drew nigh, the children of Israel lifted up their eyes, and, behold, the Egyptians were marching after them; and they were sore afraid; and the children of Israel cried out unto HaShem.	And when Pharaoh drew nigh, the children of Israel lifted up their eyes, and, behold, the Egyptians marched after them; and they were sore afraid: and the children of Israel cried out unto the LORD.	When Pharaoh got closer, the Israelites looked up, and there were the Egyptians marching after them, and they were terrified. The Israelites cried out to the Lord,

Exodus 14:10 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:10 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ Φαραω προσῆγεν καὶ ἀναβλέψαντες οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ὁρῶσιν καὶ οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι ἐστρατοπέδευσαν ὀπίσω αὐτῶν καὶ ἐφοβήθησαν σφόδρα ἀνεβόησαν δὲ οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ πρὸς κύριον	καὶ Φαραὼ προσῆγε· καὶ ἀναβλέψαντες οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ὁρῶσι, καὶ οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι ἐστρατοπέδευσαν ὀπίσω αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐφοβήθησαν σφόδρα· ἀνεβόησαν δὲ οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ πρὸς Κύριον
Exodus 14:10 (NETS)	Exodus 14:10 (English Elpenor)
And Pharao advanced. And when they looked up, the sons of Israel saw with their eyes, and the Egyptians encamped behind them, and they were very afraid. Then the sons of Israel cried out to the Lord.	And Pharao approached, and the children of Israel having looked up, beheld, and the Egyptians encamped behind them: and they were very greatly terrified, and the children of Israel cried to the Lord;

Exodus 14:11 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:11 (KJV)	Exodus 14:11 (NET)
And they said unto Moses: ‘Because there were no graves in Egypt, hast thou taken us away to die in the wilderness? wherefore hast thou dealt thus with us, to bring us forth out of Egypt?	And they said unto Moses, Because there were no graves in Egypt, hast thou taken us away to die in the wilderness? wherefore hast thou dealt thus with us, to carry us forth out of Egypt?	and they said to Moses, “Is it because there are no graves in Egypt that you have taken us away to die in the desert? What in the world have you done to us by bringing us out of Egypt?

Exodus 14:11 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:11 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς Μωυσῆν παρὰ τὸ μὴ ὑπάρχειν μνήματα ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ ἐξήγαγες ἡμᾶς θανατῶσαι ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ τί τοῦτο ἐποίησας ἡμῖν ἐξαγαγὼν ἐξ Αἰγύπτου	καὶ εἶπαν πρὸς Μωυσῆν· παρὰ τὸ μὴ ὑπάρχειν μνήματα ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ ἐξήγαγες ἡμᾶς θανατῶσαι ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ; τί τοῦτο ἐποίησας ἡμῖν ἐξαγαγὼν ἐξ Αἰγύπτου
Exodus 14:11 (NETS)	Exodus 14:11 (English Elpenor)
And they said to Moyses, “Because there were not graves in the land, Egypt did you bring us out to put us to death in this wilderness? What is this you have done to us, bringing us out of Egypt?	and said to Moses, Because there were no graves in the land of Egypt, hast thou brought us forth to slay [us] in the wilderness? What is this that thou hast done to us, having brought us out of Egypt?

Exodus 14:12 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:12 (KJV)	Exodus 14:12 (NET)
Is not this the word that we spoke unto thee in Egypt, saying: Let us alone, that we may serve the Egyptians? For it were better for us to serve the Egyptians, than that we should die in the wilderness.’	Is not this the word that we did tell thee in Egypt, saying, Let us alone, that we may serve the Egyptians? For it had been better for us to serve the Egyptians, than that we should die in the wilderness.	Isn’t this what we told you in Egypt, ‘Leave us alone so that we can serve the Egyptians, because it is better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in the desert!’”

Exodus 14:12 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:12 (Septuagint Elpenor)
οὐ τοῦτο ἦν τὸ ῥῆμα ὃ ἐλαλήσαμεν πρὸς σὲ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ λέγοντες πάρες ἡμᾶς ὅπως δουλεύσωμεν τοῖς Αἰγυπτίοις κρεῖσσον γὰρ ἡμᾶς δουλεύειν τοῖς Αἰγυπτίοις ἢ ἀποθανεῖν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ταύτῃ	οὐ τοῦτο ἦν τὸ ῥῆμα, ὃ ἐλαλήσαμεν πρὸς σὲ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ, λέγοντες· πάρες ἡμᾶς, ὅπως δουλεύσωμεν τοῖς Αἰγυπτίοις; κρεῖσσον γὰρ ἡμᾶς δουλεύειν τοῖς Αἰγυπτίοις ἢ ἀποθανεῖν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ταύτῃ
Exodus 14:12 (NETS)	Exodus 14:12 (English Elpenor)
Was this not the matter that we told you in Egypt, saying, ‘Leave us alone in order that we might be subject to the Egyptians?’ For it was better for us to be subject to the Egyptians than to die in the wilderness.”	Is not this the word which we spoke to thee in Egypt, saying, Let us alone that we may serve the Egyptians? for it is better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in this wilderness.

Exodus 14:13 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:13 (KJV)	Exodus 14:13 (NET)
And Moses said unto the people: ‘Fear ye not, stand still, and see the salvation of HaShem, which He will work for you to-day; for whereas ye have seen the Egyptians to-day, ye shall see them again no more for ever.	And Moses said unto the people, Fear ye not, stand still, and see the salvation of the LORD, which he will shew to you to day: for the Egyptians whom ye have seen to day, ye shall see them again no more for ever.	Moses said to the people, “Do not fear! Stand firm and see the salvation of the Lord that he will provide for you today; for the Egyptians that you see today you will never, ever see again.

Exodus 14:13 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:13 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς τὸν λαόν θαρσεῖτε στῆτε καὶ ὁρᾶτε τὴν σωτηρίαν τὴν παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ ἣν ποιήσει ἡμῖν σήμερον ὃν τρόπον γὰρ ἑωράκατε τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους σήμερον οὐ προσθήσεσθε ἔτι ἰδεῖν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα χρόνον	εἶπε δὲ Μωυσῆς πρὸς τὸν λαόν· θαρσεῖτε, στῆτε καὶ ὁρᾶτε τὴν σωτηρίαν τὴν παρὰ τοῦ Κυρίου, ἣν ποιήσει ἡμῖν σήμερον· ὃν τρόπον γὰρ ἑωράκατε τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους σήμερον, οὐ προσθήσεσθε ἔτι ἰδεῖν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα χρόνον
Exodus 14:13 (NETS)	Exodus 14:13 (English Elpenor)
But Moyses said to the people, “Take courage! Stand, and see the deliverance from God that he will perform for you today. For as you have seen the Egyptians today, you shall not ever again see them without end.	And Moses said to the people, Be of good courage: stand and see the salvation which is from the Lord, which he will work for us this day; for as ye have seen the Egyptians to-day, ye shall see them again no more for ever.

Exodus 14:14 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:14 (KJV)	Exodus 14:14 (NET)
HaShem will fight for you, and ye shall hold your peace.’	The LORD shall fight for you, and ye shall hold your peace.	The Lord will fight for you, and you can be still.”

Exodus 14:14 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:14 (Septuagint Elpenor)
κύριος πολεμήσει περὶ ὑμῶν καὶ ὑμεῖς σιγήσετε	Κύριος πολεμήσει περὶ ὑμῶν, καὶ ὑμεῖς σιγήσετε
Exodus 14:14 (NETS)	Exodus 14:14 (English Elpenor)
The Lord will fight for you, and you will be quiet.”	The Lord shall fight for you, and ye shall hold your peace.

Exodus 14:15 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:15 (KJV)	Exodus 14:15 (NET)
And HaShem said unto Moses: ‘Wherefore criest thou unto Me? speak unto the children of Israel, that they go forward.	And the LORD said unto Moses, Wherefore criest thou unto me? speak unto the children of Israel, that they go forward:	The Lord said to Moses, “Why do you cry out to me? Tell the Israelites to move on.

Exodus 14:15 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:15 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν τί βοᾷς πρός με λάλησον τοῖς υἱοῖς Ισραηλ καὶ ἀναζευξάτωσαν	Εἶπε δὲ Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν· τί βοᾷς πρός με; λάλησον τοῖς υἱοῖς ᾿Ισραήλ, καὶ ἀναζευξάτωσαν
Exodus 14:15 (NETS)	Exodus 14:15 (English Elpenor)
Then the Lord said to Moyses, “Why are you crying out to me? Speak to the sons of Israel, and let them break camp.	and the Lord said to Moses, Why criest thou to me? speak to the children of Israel, and let them proceed.

Exodus 14:16 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:16 (KJV)	Exodus 14:16 (NET)
And lift thou up thy rod, and stretch out thy hand over the sea, and divide it; and the children of Israel shall go into the midst of the sea on dry ground.	But lift thou up thy rod, and stretch out thine hand over the sea, and divide it: and the children of Israel shall go on dry ground through the midst of the sea.	And as for you, lift up your staff and extend your hand toward the sea and divide it, so that the Israelites may go through the middle of the sea on dry ground.

Exodus 14:16 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:16 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ σὺ ἔπαρον τῇ ῥάβδῳ σου καὶ ἔκτεινον τὴν χεῖρά σου ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ ῥῆξον αὐτήν καὶ εἰσελθάτωσαν οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ εἰς μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης κατὰ τὸ ξηρόν	καὶ σὺ ἔπαρον τῇ ράβδῳ σου καὶ ἔκτεινον τὴν χεῖρά σου ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ ρῆξον αὐτήν, καὶ εἰσελθάτωσαν οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ εἰς μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης κατὰ τὸ ξηρόν
Exodus 14:16 (NETS)	Exodus 14:16 (English Elpenor)
And you, raise your rod, and stretch out your hand over the sea, and break it apart, and let the sons of Israel enter into the midst of the sea on what was dry.	And do thou lift up thy rod, and stretch forth thy hand over the sea, and divide it, and let the children of Israel enter into the midst of the sea on the dry land.

Exodus 14:17 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:17 (KJV)	Exodus 14:17 (NET)
And I, behold, I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians, and they shall go in after them; and I will get Me honour upon Pharaoh, and upon all his host, upon his chariots, and upon his horsemen.	And I, behold, I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians, and they shall follow them: and I will get me honour upon Pharaoh, and upon all his host, upon his chariots, and upon his horsemen.	And as for me, I am going to harden the hearts of the Egyptians so that they will come after them, that I may be honored because of Pharaoh and his army and his chariots and his horsemen.

Exodus 14:17 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:17 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ σκληρυνῶ τὴν καρδίαν Φαραω καὶ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων πάντων καὶ εἰσελεύσονται ὀπίσω αὐτῶν καὶ ἐνδοξασθήσομαι ἐν Φαραω καὶ ἐν πάσῃ τῇ στρατιᾷ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἅρμασιν καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἵπποις αὐτοῦ	καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ σκληρυνῶ τὴν καρδίαν Φαραὼ καὶ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων πάντων, καὶ εἰσελεύσονται ὀπίσω αὐτῶν· καὶ ἐνδοξασθήσομαιἐν Φαραὼ καὶ ἐν πάσῃ τῇ στρατιᾷ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἅρμασι καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἵπποις αὐτοῦ
Exodus 14:17 (NETS)	Exodus 14:17 (English Elpenor)
And look, I will harden the heart of Pharao and all the Egyptians, and they will enter in after them. And I will be glorified in Pharao and in all his army and in his chariots and in his horses.	And lo! I will harden the heart of Pharao and of all the Egyptians, and they shall go in after them; and I will be glorified upon Pharao, and on all his host, and on his chariots and his horses.

Exodus 14:18 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:18 (KJV)	Exodus 14:18 (NET)
And the Egyptians shall know that I am HaShem, when I have gotten Me honour upon Pharaoh, upon his chariots, and upon his horsemen.’	And the Egyptians shall know that I am the LORD, when I have gotten me honour upon Pharaoh, upon his chariots, and upon his horsemen.	And the Egyptians will know that I am the Lord when I have gained my honor because of Pharaoh, his chariots, and his horsemen.”

Exodus 14:18 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:18 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ γνώσονται πάντες οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι κύριος ἐνδοξαζομένου μου ἐν Φαραω καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἅρμασιν καὶ ἵπποις αὐτοῦ	καὶ γνώσονται πάντες οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι ὅτι ἐγώ εἰμι Κύριος, ἐνδοξαζομένου μου ἐν Φαραὼ καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἅρμασι καὶ ἵπποις αὐτοῦ
Exodus 14:18 (NETS)	Exodus 14:18 (English Elpenor)
And all the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord, as I am being glorified in Pharao and in his chariots and his horses.”	And all the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord, when I am glorified upon Pharao and upon his chariots and his horses.

Exodus 14:19 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:19 (KJV)	Exodus 14:19 (NET)
And the angel of G-d, who went before the camp of Israel, removed and went behind them; and the pillar of cloud removed from before them, and stood behind them;	And the angel of God, which went before the camp of Israel, removed and went behind them; and the pillar of the cloud went from before their face, and stood behind them:	The angel of God, who was going before the camp of Israel, moved and went behind them, and the pillar of cloud moved from before them and stood behind them.

Exodus 14:19 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:19 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐξῆρεν δὲ ὁ ἄγγελος τοῦ θεοῦ ὁ προπορευόμενος τῆς παρεμβολῆς τῶν υἱῶν Ισραηλ καὶ ἐπορεύθη ἐκ τῶν ὄπισθεν ἐξῆρεν δὲ καὶ ὁ στῦλος τῆς νεφέλης ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτῶν καὶ ἔστη ἐκ τῶν ὀπίσω αὐτῶν	ἐξῇρε δὲ ὁ ἄγγελος τοῦ Θεοῦ ὁ προπορευόμενος τῆς παρεμβολῆς τῶν υἱῶν ᾿Ισραὴλ καὶ ἐπορεύθη ἐκ τῶν ὄπισθεν· ἐξῇρε δὲ καὶ ὁ στῦλος τῆς νεφέλης ἀπὸ προσώπου αὐτῶν καὶ ἔστη ἐκ τῶν ὀπίσω αὐτῶν
Exodus 14:19 (NETS)	Exodus 14:19 (English Elpenor)
Then the angel of God, who was going before the camp of the sons of Israel, rose up and went behind. Now the pillar of cloud also rose up from before them and stood behind them.	And the angel of God that went before the camp of the children of Israel removed and went behind, and the pillar of the cloud also removed from before them and stood behind them.

Exodus 14:20 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:20 (KJV)	Exodus 14:20 (NET)
and it came between the camp of Egypt and the camp of Israel; and there was the cloud and the darkness here, yet gave it light by night there; and the one came not near the other all the night.	And it came between the camp of the Egyptians and the camp of Israel; and it was a cloud and darkness to them, but it gave light by night to these: so that the one came not near the other all the night.	It came between the Egyptian camp and the Israelite camp; it was a dark cloud and it lit up the night so that one camp did not come near the other the whole night.

Exodus 14:20 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:20 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἰσῆλθεν ἀνὰ μέσον τῆς παρεμβολῆς τῶν Αἰγυπτίων καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῆς παρεμβολῆς Ισραηλ καὶ ἔστη καὶ ἐγένετο σκότος καὶ γνόφος καὶ διῆλθεν ἡ νύξ καὶ οὐ συνέμιξαν ἀλλήλοις ὅλην τὴν νύκτα	καὶ εἰσῆλθεν ἀνὰ μέσον τῆς παρεμβολῆς τῶν Αἰγυπτίων καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῆς παρεμβολῆς ᾿Ισραὴλ καὶ ἔστη· καὶ ἐγένετο σκότος καὶ γνόφος, καὶ διῆλθεν ἡ νύξ, καὶ οὐ συνέμιξαν ἀλλήλοις ὅλην τὴν νύκτα
Exodus 14:20 (NETS)	Exodus 14:20 (English Elpenor)
And it went in between the camp of the Egyptians and between the camp of Israel. And there was darkness and gloom, and the night elapsed, and they did not mix together with one another during the whole night.	And it went between the camp of the Egyptians and the camp of Israel, and stood; and there was darkness and blackness; and the night passed, and they came not near to one another during the whole night.

Exodus 14:21 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:21 (KJV)	Exodus 14:21 (NET)
And Moses stretched out his hand over the sea; and HaShem caused the sea to go back by a strong east wind all the night, and made the sea dry land, and the waters were divided.	And Moses stretched out his hand over the sea; and the LORD caused the sea to go back by a strong east wind all that night, and made the sea dry land, and the waters were divided.	Moses stretched out his hand toward the sea, and the Lord drove the sea apart by a strong east wind all that night, and he made the sea into dry land, and the water was divided.

Exodus 14:21 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:21 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐξέτεινεν δὲ Μωυσῆς τὴν χεῖρα ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ ὑπήγαγεν κύριος τὴν θάλασσαν ἐν ἀνέμῳ νότῳ βιαίῳ ὅλην τὴν νύκτα καὶ ἐποίησεν τὴν θάλασσαν ξηράν καὶ ἐσχίσθη τὸ ὕδωρ	ἐξέτεινε δὲ Μωυσῆς τὴν χεῖρα ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν, καὶ ὑπήγαγε Κύριος τὴν θάλασσαν ἐν ἀνέμῳ νότῳ βιαίῳ ὅλην τὴν νύκτα καὶ ἐποίησε τὴν θάλασσαν ξηράν, καὶ ἐσχίσθη τὸ ὕδωρ
Exodus 14:21 (NETS)	Exodus 14:21 (English Elpenor)
But Moyses stretched out the hand over the sea, and the Lord drew off the sea by a strong south wind during the whole night, and he made the sea dry, and the water was divided.	And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the Lord carried back the sea with a strong south wind all the night, and made the sea dry, and the water was divided.

Exodus 14:22 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:22 (KJV)	Exodus 14:22 (NET)
And the children of Israel went into the midst of the sea upon the dry ground; and the waters were a wall unto them on their right hand, and on their left.	And the children of Israel went into the midst of the sea upon the dry ground: and the waters were a wall unto them on their right hand, and on their left.	So the Israelites went through the middle of the sea on dry ground, the water forming a wall for them on their right and on their left.

Exodus 14:22 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:22 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἰσῆλθον οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ εἰς μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης κατὰ τὸ ξηρόν καὶ τὸ ὕδωρ αὐτοῖς τεῖχος ἐκ δεξιῶν καὶ τεῖχος ἐξ εὐωνύμων	καὶ εἰσῆλθον οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ εἰς μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης κατὰ τὸ ξηρόν, καὶ τὸ ὕδωρ αὐτῆς τεῖχος ἐκ δεξιῶν καὶ τεῖχος ἐξ εὐωνύμων
Exodus 14:22 (NETS)	Exodus 14:22 (English Elpenor)
And the sons of Israel entered into the midst of the sea on the dry ground, and the water became a wall for them on the right and a wall on the left.	And the children of Israel went into the midst of the sea on the dry land, and the water of it was a wall on the right hand and a wall on the left.

Exodus 14:23 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:23 (KJV)	Exodus 14:23 (NET)
And the Egyptians pursued, and went in after them into the midst of the sea, all Pharaoh’s horses, his chariots, and his horsemen.	And the Egyptians pursued, and went in after them to the midst of the sea, even all Pharaoh’s horses, his chariots, and his horsemen.	The Egyptians chased them and followed them into the middle of the sea—all the horses of Pharaoh, his chariots, and his horsemen.

Exodus 14:23 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:23 (Septuagint Elpenor)
κατεδίωξαν δὲ οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι καὶ εἰσῆλθον ὀπίσω αὐτῶν πᾶσα ἡ ἵππος Φαραω καὶ τὰ ἅρματα καὶ οἱ ἀναβάται εἰς μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης	καὶ κατεδίωξαν οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι καὶ εἰσῆλθον ὀπίσω αὐτῶν, πᾶς ἵππος Φαραὼ καὶ τὰ ἅρματα καὶ οἱ ἀναβάται, εἰς μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης
Exodus 14:23 (NETS)	Exodus 14:23 (English Elpenor)
Then the Egyptians pursued, and all the cavalry of Pharao and the chariots and the riders went in after them into the midst of the sea.	And the Egyptians pursued them and went in after them, and every horse of Pharao, and his chariots, and his horsemen, into the midst of the sea.

Exodus 14:24 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:24 (KJV)	Exodus 14:24 (NET)
And it came to pass in the morning watch, that HaShem looked forth upon the host of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and of cloud, and discomfited the host of the Egyptians.	And it came to pass, that in the morning watch the LORD looked unto the host of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and of the cloud, and troubled the host of the Egyptians,	In the morning watch the Lord looked down on the Egyptian army through the pillar of fire and cloud, and he threw the Egyptian army into a panic.

Exodus 14:24 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:24 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐγενήθη δὲ ἐν τῇ φυλακῇ τῇ ἑωθινῇ καὶ ἐπέβλεψεν κύριος ἐπὶ τὴν παρεμβολὴν τῶν Αἰγυπτίων ἐν στύλῳ πυρὸς καὶ νεφέλης καὶ συνετάραξεν τὴν παρεμβολὴν τῶν Αἰγυπτίων	ἐγενήθη δὲ ἐν τῇ φυλακῇ τῇ ἑωθινῇ καὶ ἐπέβλεψε Κύριος ἐπὶ τὴν παρεμβολὴν τῶν Αἰγυπτίων ἐν στύλῳ πυρὸς καὶ νεφέλης καὶ συνετάραξε τὴν παρεμβολὴν τῶν Αἰγυπτίων
Exodus 14:24 (NETS)	Exodus 14:24 (English Elpenor)
And it happened in the early morning watch that the Lord looked at the camp of the Egyptians in the pillar of fire and cloud, and threw the camp of the Egyptians into disarray.	And it came to pass in the morning watch that the Lord looked forth on the camp of the Egyptians through the pillar of fire and cloud, and troubled the camp of the Egyptians,

Exodus 14:25 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:25 (KJV)	Exodus 14:25 (NET)
And He took off their chariot wheels, and made them to drive heavily; so that the Egyptians said: ‘Let us flee from the face of Israel; for HaShem fighteth for them against the Egyptians.’	And took off their chariot wheels, that they drave them heavily: so that the Egyptians said, Let us flee from the face of Israel; for the LORD fighteth for them against the Egyptians.	He jammed the wheels of their chariots so that they had difficulty driving, and the Egyptians said, “Let’s flee from Israel, for the Lord fights for them against Egypt!”

Exodus 14:25 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:25 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ συνέδησεν τοὺς ἄξονας τῶν ἁρμάτων αὐτῶν καὶ ἤγαγεν αὐτοὺς μετὰ βίας καὶ εἶπαν οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι φύγωμεν ἀπὸ προσώπου Ισραηλ ὁ γὰρ κύριος πολεμεῖ περὶ αὐτῶν τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους	καὶ συνέδησε τοὺς ἄξονας τῶν ἁρμάτων αὐτῶν καὶ ἤγαγεν αὐτοὺς μετὰ βίας. καὶ εἶπαν οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι· φύγωμεν ἀπὸ προσώπου ᾿Ισραήλ, ὁ γὰρ Κύριος πολεμεῖ περὶ αὐτῶν τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους
Exodus 14:25 (NETS)	Exodus 14:25 (English Elpenor)
And he bound together the axles of their chariots and led them violently. And the Egyptians said, “Let us flee from Israel! For the Lord fights the Egyptians for them!”	and bound the axle-trees of their chariots, and caused them to go with difficulty; and the Egyptians said, Let us flee from the face of Israel, for the Lord fights for them against the Egyptians.

Exodus 14:26 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:26 (KJV)	Exodus 14:26 (NET)
And HaShem said unto Moses: ‘Stretch out thy hand over the sea, that the waters may come back upon the Egyptians, upon their chariots, and upon their horsemen.’	And the LORD said unto Moses, Stretch out thine hand over the sea, that the waters may come again upon the Egyptians, upon their chariots, and upon their horsemen.	The Lord said to Moses, “Extend your hand toward the sea, so that the waters may flow back on the Egyptians, on their chariots, and on their horsemen!”

Exodus 14:26 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:26 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν ἔκτεινον τὴν χεῖρά σου ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ ἀποκαταστήτω τὸ ὕδωρ καὶ ἐπικαλυψάτω τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους ἐπί τε τὰ ἅρματα καὶ τοὺς ἀναβάτας	εἶπε δὲ Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν· ἔκτεινον τὴν χεῖρά σου ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν, καὶ ἀποκαταστήτω τὸ ὕδωρ καὶ ἐπικαλυψάτω τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους, ἐπί τε τὰ ἅρματα καὶ τοὺς ἀναβάτας
Exodus 14:26 (NETS)	Exodus 14:26 (English Elpenor)
Then the Lord said to Moyses, “Stretch out your hand over the sea, and let the water return and cover up the Egyptians, both the chariots and the riders.”	And the Lord said to Moses, Stretch forth thine hand over the sea, and let the water be turned back to its place, and let it cover the Egyptians [coming] both upon the chariots and the riders.

Exodus 14:27 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:27 (KJV)	Exodus 14:27 (NET)
And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its strength when the morning appeared; and the Egyptians fled against it; and HaShem overthrew the Egyptians in the midst of the sea.	And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to his strength when the morning appeared; and the Egyptians fled against it; and the LORD overthrew the Egyptians in the midst of the sea.	So Moses extended his hand toward the sea, and the sea returned to its normal state when the sun began to rise. Now the Egyptians were fleeing before it, but the Lord overthrew the Egyptians in the middle of the sea.

Exodus 14:27 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:27 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐξέτεινεν δὲ Μωυσῆς τὴν χεῖρα ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ ἀπεκατέστη τὸ ὕδωρ πρὸς ἡμέραν ἐπὶ χώρας οἱ δὲ Αἰγύπτιοι ἔφυγον ὑπὸ τὸ ὕδωρ καὶ ἐξετίναξεν κύριος τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης	ἐξέτεινε δὲ Μωυσῆς τὴν χεῖρα ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν, καὶ ἀποκατέστη τὸ ὕδωρ πρὸς ἡμέραν ἐπὶ χώρας· οἱ δὲ Αἰγύπτιοι ἔφυγον ὑπὸ τὸ ὕδωρ, καὶ ἐξετίναξε Κύριος τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης
Exodus 14:27 (NETS)	Exodus 14:27 (English Elpenor)
So Moyses stretched out the hand over the sea, and the water returned near day to its place. Now the Egyptians fled under the water, and the Lord shook off the Egyptians in the middle of the sea.	And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the water returned to its place toward day; and the Egyptians fled from the water, and the Lord shook off the Egyptians in the midst of the sea.

Exodus 14:28 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:28 (KJV)	Exodus 14:28 (NET)
And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, even all the host of Pharaoh that went in after them into the sea; there remained not so much as one of them.	And the waters returned, and covered the chariots, and the horsemen, and all the host of Pharaoh that came into the sea after them; there remained not so much as one of them.	The water returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen and all the army of Pharaoh that was coming after the Israelites into the sea—not so much as one of them survived!

Exodus 14:28 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:28 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐπαναστραφὲν τὸ ὕδωρ ἐκάλυψεν τὰ ἅρματα καὶ τοὺς ἀναβάτας καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν δύναμιν Φαραω τοὺς εἰσπεπορευμένους ὀπίσω αὐτῶν εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ οὐ κατελείφθη ἐξ αὐτῶν οὐδὲ εἷς	καὶ ἐπαναστραφὲν τὸ ὕδωρ ἐκάλυψε τὰ ἅρματα καὶ τοὺς ἀναβάτας καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν δύναμιν Φαραώ, τοὺς εἰσπορευομένους ὀπίσω αὐτῶν, εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν, καὶ οὐ κατελήφθη ἐξ αὐτῶν οὐδὲ εἷς
Exodus 14:28 (NETS)	Exodus 14:28 (English Elpenor)
And when the water had returned, it covered the chariots and riders and all the host of Pharao that had entered after them into the sea. Not even one of them remained!	and the water returned and covered the chariots and the riders, and all the forces of Pharao, who entered after them into the sea: and there was not left of them even one.

Exodus 14:29 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:29 (KJV)	Exodus 14:29 (NET)
But the children of Israel walked upon dry land in the midst of the sea; and the waters were a wall unto them on their right hand, and on their left.	But the children of Israel walked upon dry land in the midst of the sea; and the waters were a wall unto them on their right hand, and on their left.	But the Israelites walked on dry ground in the middle of the sea, the water forming a wall for them on their right and on their left.

Exodus 14:29 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:29 (Septuagint Elpenor)
οἱ δὲ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ ἐπορεύθησαν διὰ ξηρᾶς ἐν μέσῳ τῆς θαλάσσης τὸ δὲ ὕδωρ αὐτοῖς τεῖχος ἐκ δεξιῶν καὶ τεῖχος ἐξ εὐωνύμων	οἱ δὲ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐπορεύθησαν διὰ ξηρᾶς ἐν μέσῳ τῆς θαλάσσης, τὸ δὲ ὕδωρ αὐτῆς τεῖχος ἐκ δεξιῶν, καὶ τεῖχος ἐξ εὐωνύμων
Exodus 14:29 (NETS)	Exodus 14:29 (English Elpenor)
But the sons of Israel went across dry ground in the midst of the sea, and the water was for them a wall on the right and a wall on the left.	But the children of Israel went along dry land in the midst of the sea, and the water was to them a wall on the right hand, and a wall on the left.

Exodus 14:30 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:30 (KJV)	Exodus 14:30 (NET)
Thus HaShem saved Israel that day out of the hand of the Egyptians; and Israel saw the Egyptians dead upon the sea-shore.	Thus the LORD saved Israel that day out of the hand of the Egyptians; and Israel saw the Egyptians dead upon the sea shore.	So the Lord saved Israel on that day from the power of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the shore of the sea.

Exodus 14:30 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:30 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐρρύσατο κύριος τὸν Ισραηλ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ἐκ χειρὸς τῶν Αἰγυπτίων καὶ εἶδεν Ισραηλ τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους τεθνηκότας παρὰ τὸ χεῖλος τῆς θαλάσσης	καὶ ἐρρύσατο Κύριος τὸν ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ἐκ χειρὸς τῶν Αἰγυπτίων· καὶ εἶδεν ᾿Ισραὴλ τοὺς Αἰγυπτίους τεθνηκότας παρὰ τὸ χεῖλος τῆς θαλάσσης
Exodus 14:30 (NETS)	Exodus 14:30 (English Elpenor)
And the Lord rescued Israel in that day from the hand of the Egyptians. And Israel saw the Egyptians dead along the shore of the sea.	So the Lord delivered Israel in that day from the hand of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead by the shore of the sea.

Exodus 14:31 (Tanakh)	Exodus 14:31 (KJV)	Exodus 14:31 (NET)
And Israel saw the great work which HaShem did upon the Egyptians, and the people feared HaShem; and they believed in HaShem, and in His servant Moses.	And Israel saw that great work which the LORD did upon the Egyptians: and the people feared the LORD, and believed the LORD, and his servant Moses.	When Israel saw the great power that the Lord had exercised over the Egyptians, they feared the Lord, and they believed in the Lord and in his servant Moses.

Exodus 14:31 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 14:31 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶδεν δὲ Ισραηλ τὴν χεῖρα τὴν μεγάλην ἃ ἐποίησεν κύριος τοῖς Αἰγυπτίοις ἐφοβήθη δὲ ὁ λαὸς τὸν κύριον καὶ ἐπίστευσαν τῷ θεῷ καὶ Μωυσῇ τῷ θεράποντι αὐτοῦ	εἶδε δὲ ᾿Ισραὴλ τὴν χεῖρα τὴν μεγάλην, ἃ ἐποίησε Κύριος τοῖς Αἰγυπτίοις· ἐφοβήθη δὲ ὁ λαὸς τὸν Κύριον καὶ ἐπίστευσαν τῷ Θεῷ καὶ Μωυσῇ τῷ θεράποντι αὐτοῦ
Exodus 14:31 (NETS)	Exodus 14:31 (English Elpenor)
So Israel saw the great hand, which things the Lord had done to the Egyptians. And the people feared the Lord and trusted God and Moyses, his attendant.	And Israel saw the mighty hand, the [things] which the Lord did to the Egyptians; and the people feared the Lord, and they believed God and Moses his servant.

Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 3

Back to Fear – Exodus, Part 4

Back to Patterns of Evidence: Exodus

¹ Exodus 12:50, 51 (ESV)

Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 1

Posted on December 29, 2025 by admin

The story of Balaam and Balak has been too fruitful to abandon. To continue I’ll introduce the “24,000” (Numbers 25:1-5 ESV).

While Israel lived in Shittim, the people began to whore with the daughters of Moab. These invited the people to the sacrifices of their gods (‘ĕlōhîm, אֱלֹהֵיהֶן; Septuagint: τῶν εἰδώλων αὐτῶν), and the people ate and bowed down to their gods (‘ĕlōhîm, לֵאלֹהֵיהֶן; Septuagint: τοῖς εἰδώλοις αὐτῶν). So Israel yoked himself to Baal of Peor. And the anger of the Lord was kindled against Israel. And the Lord said to Moses, “Take all the chiefs of the people and hang them in the sun before the Lord, that the fierce anger of the Lord may turn away from Israel.” And Moses said to the judges of Israel, “Each of you kill those of his men who have yoked themselves to Baal of Peor.”

The apparent difference between what the Lord said to Moses and what Moses said to the judges of Israel deserves some consideration. For the moment, however, I’ll stay focused on the introduction of the “24,000” (Numbers 25:9 ESV).

Nevertheless, those who died by the plague (magēp̄â, בַּמַּגֵּפָה; Septuagint: τῇ πληγῇ) were twenty-four thousand.

After spending so much time¹ recounting the Lord’s patience with two Gentiles—the prophet Balaam and Balak king of Moab—the Lord’s treatment of 24,000 of those whom Paul would later describe as a cultivated olive tree seems abrupt and precipitous. That has more to do with my story-telling than the Lord’s patience. So I’ll spend some time here reviewing his patience with the 24,000 (Exodus 9:13-26 ESV).

Then the Lord said to Moses, “Rise up early in the morning and present yourself before Pharaoh and say to him, ‘Thus says the Lord, the God of the Hebrews, “Let my people go, that they may serve me. For this time I will send all my plagues (magēp̄â, מַגֵּפֹתַי; Septuagint: τὰ συναντήματά μου) on you yourself, and on your servants and your people, so that you may know that there is none like me in all the earth [Table]. For by now I could have put out my hand and struck you and your people with pestilence (deḇer, בַּדָּבֶר; Septuagint: θανάτῳ or θανατώσω), and you would have been cut off from the earth [Table]. But for this purpose I have raised you up, to show you my power, so that my name may be proclaimed in all the earth [Table]. You are still exalting yourself against my people and will not let them go. Behold, about this time tomorrow I will cause very heavy hail to fall, such as never has been in Egypt from the day it was founded until now. Now therefore send, get your livestock and all that you have in the field into safe shelter, for every man and beast that is in the field and is not brought home will die when the hail falls on them.”’” Then whoever feared the word of the Lord among the servants of Pharaoh hurried his slaves and his livestock into the houses [Table], but whoever did not pay attention to the word of the Lord left his slaves and his livestock in the field [Table].

I began here because it is the first occurrence of the noun מַגֵּפָה (magēp̄â) in the Masoretic text (ESV: my plagues). There were six other “plagues” preceding this that the 24,000 certainly heard about, and may have witnessed personally while still in Egypt (Exodus 9:22-26 ESV).

Then the Lord said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward heaven, so that there may be hail in all the land of Egypt, on man and beast and every plant of the field, in the land of Egypt.” Then Moses stretched out his staff toward heaven, and the Lord sent thunder and hail, and fire ran down to the earth. And the Lord rained hail upon the land of Egypt. There was hail and fire flashing continually in the midst of the hail, very heavy hail, such as had never been in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation. The hail struck down everything that was in the field in all the land of Egypt, both man and beast. And the hail struck down every plant of the field and broke every tree of the field. Only in the land of Goshen, where the people of Israel were, was there no hail.

The “plague” that killed the 24,000 was the last event described in Numbers before the second census (Numbers 26:63-65 ESV):

These were those listed by Moses and Eleazar the priest, who listed the people of Israel in the plains of Moab by the Jordan at Jericho. But among these there was not one of those listed by Moses and Aaron the priest, who had listed the people of Israel in the wilderness of Sinai (Numbers 1:1-46). For the Lord had said of them, “They shall die in the wilderness” (Numbers 13:1-14:45) Not one of them was left, except Caleb the son of Jephunneh and Joshua the son of Nun.

My own bias leads me to suspect that the young would be more likely to fall prey to the daughters of Moab, but that bias is shaped by my own experience of a blessed life, knowing the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom [He has] sent² through his indwelling Holy Spirit and the Bible. The juxtaposition of events recounted in Numbers 25 and 26 favors identifying the 24,000 as the last of those cursed to die in the wilderness, witnesses of the final “plague” in Egypt which became the Passover celebration in Israel (Exodus 11:4-10 ESV).

So Moses said, “Thus says the Lord: ‘About midnight I will go out in the midst of Egypt, and every firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne, even to the firstborn of the slave girl who is behind the handmill, and all the firstborn of the cattle. There shall be a great cry throughout all the land of Egypt, such as there has never been, nor ever will be again. But not a dog shall growl against any of the people of Israel, either man or beast, that you may know that the Lord makes a distinction (pālâ, יַפְלֶה; Septuagint: παραδοξάσει, a form of παραδοξάζω) between Egypt and Israel.’ And all these your servants shall come down to me and bow down to me, saying, ‘Get out, you and all the people who follow you.’ And after that I will go out.” And he went out from Pharaoh in hot anger. Then the Lord said to Moses, “Pharaoh will not listen to you, that my wonders may be multiplied in the land of Egypt.”

Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, and the Lord hardened (ḥāzaq, וַיְחַזֵּק; Septuagint: ἐσκλήρυνεν, a form of σκληρύνω) Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not let the people of Israel go out of his land.

Paul referred to this hardening, describing God’s purpose of election, making a distinction between the children of the promise (the children of God) and the children of the flesh. He wrote of his own concern for so many of his own people who had rejected the Lord’s salvation through Jesus the Christ (Romans 9:6-23 ESV).

But it is not as though the word of God has failed. For not all who are descended from Israel belong to Israel, and not all are children of Abraham because they are his offspring, but “Through Isaac shall your offspring be named.”³ This means that it is not the children of the flesh who are the children of God, but the children of the promise are counted as offspring. For this is what the promise said: “About this time next year I will return, and Sarah shall have a son”⁴ (Genesis 18:1-15). And not only so, but also when Rebekah had conceived children by one man, our forefather Isaac, though they were not yet born and had done nothing either good or bad—in order that God’s purpose of election might continue, not because of works but because of him who calls—she was told, “The older will serve the younger”⁵ (Genesis 25:1-28) [Table]. As it is written, “Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated.”⁶

What shall we say then? Is there injustice on God’s part? By no means! For he says to Moses, “I will have mercy on whom I have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I have compassion.”⁷ So then it depends not on human will or exertion, but on God, who has mercy [Table]. For the Scripture says to Pharaoh, “For this very purpose I have raised you up, that I might show my power in you, and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth.”⁸ So then he has mercy on whomever he wills (θέλει, a form of θέλω), and he hardens (σκληρύνει, another form of σκληρύνω) whomever he wills (θέλει, a form of θέλω).

You will say to me then, “Why does he still find fault? For who can resist his will (βουλήματι, a form of βούλημα)?” [Table] But who are you, O man, to answer back to God? Will what is molded say to its molder, “Why have you made me like this?”⁹ Has the potter no right over the clay, to make out of the same lump one vessel for honorable use and another for dishonorable use? What if God, desiring to show his wrath and to make known his power, has endured with much patience vessels of wrath prepared for destruction, in order to make known the riches of his glory for vessels of mercy, which he has prepared beforehand for glory—

Who are the vessels of mercy God has chosen in order to make known the riches of his glory? In the immediate context Paul continued, even us whom he has called, not from the Jews only but also from the Gentiles,¹⁰ yet in the broader context of his concern for my brothers, my kinsmen according to the flesh¹¹ he concluded: God has consigned all to disobedience (ἀπείθειαν, a form of ἀπείθεια), that he may have mercy on all (τοὺς πάντας).¹² As Peter wrote: The Lord is not slow to fulfill his promise as some count slowness, but is patient toward you, not wishing (βουλόμενος, a participle of βούλομαι) that any should perish, but that all (πάντας, a form of πᾶς) should reach repentance.¹³

Jesus said (John 6:44-46; 12:31-33 ESV):

“No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him. And I will raise him up on the last day [Table]. It is written in the Prophets, ‘And they will all (πάντες, a form of πᾶς) be taught by God.’¹⁴ Everyone (πᾶς) who has heard and learned from the Father [e.g., all (πάντες, a form of πᾶς) will…be taught by God] comes to me [Table]—not that anyone has seen (ἑώρακέν, a form of ὁράω) the Father except he who is from God; he has seen (ἑώρακεν, a form of ὁράω) the Father.

“Now is the judgment of this world; now will the ruler of this world be cast out. And I, when I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all people to myself” (πάντας ἑλκύσω πρὸς ἐμαυτόν). He said this to show by what kind of death he was going to die [Table].

And so, Jesus—firstborn of Mary, a daughter of Israel through David [see table below], and the Holy Spirit—died on a Roman cross,¹⁵ rejected by most of the chosen people of God his Father. The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt (Exodus 12:1-14 ESV):

“This month shall be for you the beginning of months. It shall be the first month of the year for you. Tell all the congregation of Israel that on the tenth day of this month every man shall take a lamb according to their fathers’ houses, a lamb for a household. And if the household is too small for a lamb, then he and his nearest neighbor shall take according to the number of persons; according to what each can eat you shall make your count for the lamb. Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male a year old. You may take it from the sheep or from the goats, and you shall keep it until the fourteenth day of this month, when the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill their lambs at twilight [Table].

“Then they shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and the lintel of the houses in which they eat it. They shall eat the flesh that night, roasted on the fire; with unleavened bread and bitter herbs they shall eat it. Do not eat any of it raw or boiled in water, but roasted, its head with its legs and its inner parts. And you shall let none of it remain until the morning [Septuagint: and you shall not break a bone of it (NETS); and a bone of it ye shall not break (English Elpenor)]; anything that remains until the morning you shall burn. In this manner you shall eat it: with your belt fastened, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand. And you shall eat it in haste. It is the Lord’s Passover. For I will pass through the land of Egypt that night, and I will strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and on all the gods (‘ĕlōhîm, אֱלֹהֵי; Septuagint: τοῖς θεοῖς) of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am the Lord. The blood shall be a sign for you, on the houses where you are. And when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and no plague will befall you to destroy you, when I strike the land of Egypt.

“This day shall be for you a memorial day, and you shall keep it as a feast to the Lord; throughout your generations, as a statute forever, you shall keep it as a feast [Table].

And Paul wrote (1 Corinthians 5:6-8 ESV):

Your boasting is not good (καλὸν, a form of καλός; beautiful). Do you not know that a little leaven leavens the whole lump? Cleanse out the old leaven that you may be a new lump, as you really are unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed [Table]. Let us therefore celebrate the festival, not with the old leaven, the leaven of malice and evil, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.

And it happened as the Lord said (Exodus 12:28-32 ESV):

Then the people of Israel went and did so; as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron, so they did.

At midnight the Lord struck down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the dungeon, and all the firstborn of the livestock. And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he and all his servants and all the Egyptians. And there was a great cry in Egypt, for there was not a house where someone was not dead. Then he summoned Moses and Aaron by night and said, “Up, go out from among my people, both you and the people of Israel; and go, serve the Lord, as you have said. Take your flocks and your herds, as you have said, and be gone, and bless me also!”

To conclude this essay I want to consider the apparent difference between what the Lord said to Moses and what Moses said to the judges of Israel (Numbers 25:3b-5 ESV).

And the anger of the Lord was kindled against Israel. And the Lord said to Moses, “Take all the chiefs of the people and hang them in the sun before the Lord, that the fierce anger of the Lord may turn away from Israel.” And Moses said to the judges of Israel, “Each of you kill those of his men who have yoked themselves to Baal of Peor.”

A table comparing the Masoretic text and the Septuagint follows:

Masoretic Text		Septuagint
Numbers 25:4, 5 (Tanakh)	Numbers 25:4, 5 (NET)	Numbers 25:4, 5 (NETS)	Numbers 25:4, 5 (English Elpenor)
And HaShem said unto Moses: ‘Take all (כָּל) the chiefs (רָאשֵׁ֣י) of the people (הָעָ֔ם), and hang them up unto HaShem in face of the sun, that the fierce anger of HaShem may turn away from Israel.’	The Lord said to Moses, “Arrest all (kōl, כל) the leaders (rō’š, ראשי) of the people (ʿam, העם), and hang them up before the Lord in broad daylight, so that the fierce anger of the Lord may be turned away from Israel.”	And the Lord said to Moyses, “Take the chiefs (πάντας τοὺς ἀρχηγοὺς) of the people (τοῦ λαοῦ), and make an example of them to the Lord before the sun, and the anger of the Lord’s wrath shall be turned away from Israel.”	And the Lord said to Moses, Take all (πάντας) the princes (τοὺς ἀρχηγοὺς) of the people (τοῦ λαοῦ), and make them examples [of judgment] for the Lord in the face of the sun, and the anger of the Lord shall be turned away from Israel.
And Moses said unto the judges (שֹֽׁפְטֵ֖י) of Israel: ‘Slay ye every one his men that have joined themselves unto the Baal of Peor.’	So Moses said to the judges (šāp̄aṭ, שפטי) of Israel, “Each of you must execute those of his men who were joined to Baal Peor.”	And Moyses said to the tribes (ταῖς φυλαῖς) of Israel, “Each of you kill his family-member who has been initiated to Beel-Phegor.”	And Moses said to the tribes (ταῖς φυλαῖς) of Israel, Slay ye every one his friend that is consecrated to Beel-phegor.

The only potentially meaningful difference is שֹֽׁפְטֵ֖י (šāp̄aṭ), translated the judges (Tanakh, NET), in the Masoretic text and ταῖς φυλαῖς, translated the tribes (NETS, English Elpenor), in the Septuagint. In English, if I limit myself to the immediate context, it sounds as if the Lord intended to make an example (NETS) of a relatively limited number of leaders, while Moses’ intended to execute everyone who sinned. I’ll broaden the context (Exodus 22:20 ESV):

Whoever sacrifices to any god, other than the Lord alone, shall be devoted to destruction.

So, I assume that the judges, שֹֽׁפְטֵ֖י (šāp̄aṭ), refers to the seventy elders who received some of the Spirit that is on Moses (Numbers 11:16-17, 24-29), and are to be distinguished from the chiefs (Tanakh) or the leaders (NET), רָאשֵׁ֣י (rō’š), e.g., “the heads,” appointed during the first census. So, I’m assuming that Moses carried out the Lord’s instruction regarding the chiefs appointed during the first census even as he delegated the enforcement of the Lord’s law to the judges or the tribes (ταῖς φυλαῖς). And this just and lawful bloodshed describes the plague on the people of Israel mentioned below (Numbers 25:6-9 ESV):

And behold, one of the people of Israel came and brought a Midianite woman to his family, in the sight of Moses and in the sight of the whole congregation of the people of Israel, while they were weeping in the entrance of the tent of meeting. When Phinehas the son of Eleazar, son of Aaron the priest, saw it, he rose and left the congregation and took a spear in his hand and went after the man of Israel into the chamber and pierced both of them, the man of Israel and the woman through her belly. Thus the plague (magēp̄â, הַמַּגֵּפָה; Septuagint: ἡ πληγὴ) on the people of Israel was stopped. Nevertheless, those who died by the plague were twenty-four thousand.

I’ll pick this up in another essay.

The table (mentioned above) of two different genealogies of Jesus follows. I assume that Matthew’s is the genealogy of Joseph and Luke’s is that of Mary.

The Genealogies of Jesus
Matthew 1:2-16 (ESV)		Luke 3:23-38 (ESV)
		Luke 3:38	God
			Adam
			Seth
			Enos
		Luke 3:37	Cainan
			Mahalaleel
			Jared
			Enoch
			Methusaleh
		Luke 3:36	Lamech
			Noah
			Shem
			Arphaxad
			Cainan
		Luke 3:35	Shelah
			Eber
			Peleg
			Reu
			Serug
		Luke 3:34	Nahor
			Terah
Matthew 1:2	Abraham		Abraham
	Isaac		Isaac
	Jacob		Jacob
	Judah	Luke 3:33	Judah
Matthew 1:3	Perez		Perez
	Hezron		Hezron
	Ram		Arni
			Admin
Matthew 1:4	Amminadab		Amminadab
	Nahshon	Luke 3:32	Nahshon
	Salmon + Rahab		Sala
Matthew 1:5	Boaz + Ruth		Boaz
	Obed		Obed
	Jesse		Jesse
Matthew 1:6	David + the wife of Uriah	Luke 3:31	David
Matthew 1:6	Solomon		Nathan
Matthew 1:7	Rehoboam		Mattatha
	Abijah		Menna
	Asaph		Melea
Matthew 1:8	Jehoshaphat	Luke 3:30	Eliakim
	Joram		Jonam
	Uzziah		Joseph
Matthew 1:9	Jotham		Judah
	Ahaz		Simeon
	Hezekiah	Luke 3:29	Levi
Matthew 1:10	Manasseh		Matthat
	Amos		Joram
	Josiah		Eliezer
Matthew 1:11	Jechoniah		Joshua (Ἰησοῦ)
		Luke 3:28	Er
			Elmadam
			Cosam
			Addi
			Melchi
		Luke 3:27	Neri
Matthew 1:12	Shealtiel		Shealtiel
Matthew 1:12	Zerubbabel		Zerubbabel
Matthew 1:13	Abiud		Rhesa
	Eliakim		Joanan
	Azor	Luke 3:26	Joda
Matthew 1:14	Zadok		Josech
	Achim		Semein
	Eliud		Mattathias
			Maath
		Luke 3:25	Naggai
			Esli
			Nahum
			Amos
			Mattathias
		Luke 3:24	Joseph
			Jannai
			Melchi
Matthew 1:15	Eleazar		Levi
	Matthan		Matthat
	Jacob	Luke 3:23	Heli
Matthew 1:16	Joseph the husband of Mary		Joseph (as was supposed)
Matthew 1:16	of whom Jesus (Ἰησοῦς) was born		Jesus (Ἰησοῦς)

Tables comparing Numbers 25:1; 25:2; 25:3; 25:4; 25:5; 25:9; Exodus 9:13; 9:17; 9:18; 9:19; 9:22; 9:23; 9:24; 9:25; 9:26; Numbers 26:63; 26:64; 26:65; Exodus 11:4; 11:5; 11:6; 11:7; 11:8; 11:9; 11:10; 12:1; 12:2; 12:3; 12:4; 12:5; 12:7; 12:8; 12:9; 12:10; 12:11; 12:12; 12:13; 12:28; 12:29; 12:30; 12:31; 12:32; 22:20 (22:19); Numbers 25:6; 25:7 and 25:8 in the Tanakh, KJV and NET, and comparing the Greek of Numbers 25:1; 25:2; 25:3; 25:4; 25:5; 25:9; Exodus 9:13; 9:17; 9:18; 9:19; 9:22; 9:23; 9:24; 9:25; 9:26; Numbers 26:63; 26:64; 26:65; Exodus 11:4; 11:5; 11:6; 11:7; 11:8; 11:9; 11:10; 12:1; 12:2; 12:3; 12:4; 12:5; 12:7; 12:8; 12:9; 12:10; 12:11; 12:12; 12:13; 12:28; 12:29; 12:30; 12:31; 12:32; 22:20; Numbers 25:6; 25:7 and 25:8 in the Septuagint (BLB and Elpenor) follow.

Numbers 25:1 (Tanakh)	Numbers 25:1 (KJV)	Numbers 25:1 (NET)
And Israel abode in Shittim, and the people began to commit harlotry with the daughters of Moab.	And Israel abode in Shittim, and the people began to commit whoredom with the daughters of Moab.	When Israel lived in Shittim, the people began to commit sexual immorality with the daughters of Moab.

Numbers 25:1 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 25:1 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ κατέλυσεν Ισραηλ ἐν Σαττιν καὶ ἐβεβηλώθη ὁ λαὸς ἐκπορνεῦσαι εἰς τὰς θυγατέρας Μωαβ	ΚΑΙ κατέλυσεν ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐν Σαττείν· καὶ ἐβεβηλώθη ὁ λαὸς ἐκπορνεῦσαι εἰς τὰς θυγατέρας Μωάβ
Numbers 25:1 (NETS)	Numbers 25:1 (English Elpenor)
And Israel stayed in Sattim, and the people were profaned by whoring after the daughters of Moab.	And Israel sojourned in Sattin, and the people profaned itself by going a-whoring after the daughters of Moab.

Numbers 25:2 (Tanakh)	Numbers 25:2 (KJV)	Numbers 25:2 (NET)
And they called the people unto the sacrifices of their gods; and the people did eat, and bowed down to their gods.	And they called the people unto the sacrifices of their gods: and the people did eat, and bowed down to their gods.	These women invited the people to the sacrifices of their gods; then the people ate and bowed down to their gods.

Numbers 25:2 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 25:2 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐκάλεσαν αὐτοὺς ἐπὶ ταῖς θυσίαις τῶν εἰδώλων αὐτῶν καὶ ἔφαγεν ὁ λαὸς τῶν θυσιῶν αὐτῶν καὶ προσεκύνησαν τοῖς εἰδώλοις αὐτῶν	καὶ ἐκάλεσαν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὰς θυσίας τῶν εἰδώλων αὐτῶν, καὶ ἔφαγεν ὁ λαὸς τῶν θυσιῶν αὐτῶν καὶ προσεκύνησαν τοῖς εἰδώλοις αὐτῶν
Numbers 25:2 (NETS)	Numbers 25:2 (English Elpenor)
And they invited them to the sacrifices of their idols, and the people ate of their sacrifices and did obeisance to their idols.	And they called them to the sacrifices of their idols; and the people ate of their sacrifices, and worshiped their idols.

Numbers 25:3 (Tanakh)	Numbers 25:3 (KJV)	Numbers 25:3 (NET)
And Israel joined himself unto the Baal of Peor; and the anger of HaShem was kindled against Israel.	And Israel joined himself unto Baalpeor: and the anger of the LORD was kindled against Israel.	When Israel joined themselves to Baal Peor, the anger of the Lord flared up against Israel.

Numbers 25:3 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 25:3 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐτελέσθη Ισραηλ τῷ Βεελφεγωρ καὶ ὠργίσθη θυμῷ κύριος τῷ Ισραηλ	καὶ ἐτελέσθη ᾿Ισραὴλ τῷ Βεελφεγώρ· καὶ ὠργίσθη θυμῷ Κύριος τῷ ᾿Ισραήλ
Numbers 25:3 (NETS)	Numbers 25:3 (English Elpenor)
And Israel was initiated to Beel-Phegor, and the Lord was angry with wrath against Israel.	And Israel consecrated themselves to Beel-phegor; and the Lord was very angry with Israel.

Numbers 25:4 (Tanakh)	Numbers 25:4 (KJV)	Numbers 25:4 (NET)
And HaShem said unto Moses: ‘Take all the chiefs of the people, and hang them up unto HaShem in face of the sun, that the fierce anger of HaShem may turn away from Israel.’	And the LORD said unto Moses, Take all the heads of the people, and hang them up before the LORD against the sun, that the fierce anger of the LORD may be turned away from Israel.	The Lord said to Moses, “Arrest all the leaders of the people, and hang them up before the Lord in broad daylight, so that the fierce anger of the Lord may be turned away from Israel.”

Numbers 25:4 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 25:4 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν κύριος τῷ Μωυσῇ λαβὲ πάντας τοὺς ἀρχηγοὺς τοῦ λαοῦ καὶ παραδειγμάτισον αὐτοὺς κυρίῳ ἀπέναντι τοῦ ἡλίου καὶ ἀποστραφήσεται ὀργὴ θυμοῦ κυρίου ἀπὸ Ισραηλ	καὶ εἶπε Κύριος τῷ Μωυσῇ· λαβὲ πάντας τοὺς ἀρχηγοὺς τοῦ λαοῦ καὶ παραδειγμάτισον αὐτοὺς Κυρίῳ κατέναντι τοῦ ἡλίου, καὶ ἀποστραφήσεται ὀργὴ θυμοῦ Κυρίου ἀπὸ ᾿Ισραήλ
Numbers 25:4 (NETS)	Numbers 25:4 (English Elpenor)
And the Lord said to Moyses, “Take the chiefs of the people, and make an example of them to the Lord before the sun, and the anger of the Lord’s wrath shall be turned away from Israel.”	And the Lord said to Moses, Take all the princes of the people, and make them examples [of judgment] for the Lord in the face of the sun, and the anger of the Lord shall be turned away from Israel.

Numbers 25:5 (Tanakh)	Numbers 25:5 (KJV)	Numbers 25:5 (NET)
And Moses said unto the judges of Israel: ‘Slay ye every one his men that have joined themselves unto the Baal of Peor.’	And Moses said unto the judges of Israel, Slay ye every one his men that were joined unto Baalpeor.	So Moses said to the judges of Israel, “Each of you must execute those of his men who were joined to Baal Peor.”

Numbers 25:5 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 25:5 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν Μωυσῆς ταῖς φυλαῖς Ισραηλ ἀποκτείνατε ἕκαστος τὸν οἰκεῖον αὐτοῦ τὸν τετελεσμένον τῷ Βεελφεγωρ	καὶ εἶπε Μωυσῆς ταῖς φυλαῖς ᾿Ισραήλ· ἀποκτείνατε ἕκαστος τὸν οἰκεῖον αὐτοῦ τὸν τετελεσμένον τῷ Βεελφεγώρ
Numbers 25:5 (NETS)	Numbers 25:5 (English Elpenor)
And Moyses said to the tribes of Israel, “Each of you kill his family-member who has been initiated to Beel-Phegor.”	And Moses said to the tribes of Israel, Slay ye every one his friend that is consecrated to Beel-phegor.

Numbers 25:9 (Tanakh)	Numbers 25:9 (KJV)	Numbers 25:9 (NET)
And those that died by the plague were twenty and four thousand.	And those that died in the plague were twenty and four thousand.	Those that died in the plague were 24,000.

Numbers 25:9 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 25:9 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐγένοντο οἱ τεθνηκότες ἐν τῇ πληγῇ τέσσαρες καὶ εἴκοσι χιλιάδες	καὶ ἐγένοντο οἱ τεθνηκότες ἐν τῇ πληγῇ τέσσαρες καὶ εἴκοσι χιλιάδες
Numbers 25:9 (NETS)	Numbers 25:9 (English Elpenor)
And those that died in the blow were twenty-four thousand.	And those that died in the plague were four and twenty thousand.

Exodus 9:13 (Tanakh)	Exodus 9:13 (KJV)	Exodus 9:13 (NET)
And HaShem said unto Moses: ‘Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh, and say unto him: Thus saith HaShem, the G-d of the Hebrews: Let My people go, that they may serve Me.	And the LORD said unto Moses, Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharaoh, and say unto him, Thus saith the LORD God of the Hebrews, Let my people go, that they may serve me.	The Lord said to Moses, “Get up early in the morning, stand before Pharaoh, and tell him, ‘This is what the Lord, the God of the Hebrews, has said: “Release my people so that they may serve me!

Exodus 9:13 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 9:13 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν ὄρθρισον τὸ πρωὶ καὶ στῆθι ἐναντίον Φαραω καὶ ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτόν τάδε λέγει κύριος ὁ θεὸς τῶν Εβραίων ἐξαπόστειλον τὸν λαόν μου ἵνα λατρεύσωσίν μοι	Εἶπε δὲ Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν· ὄρθρισον τὸ πρωΐ καὶ στῆθι ἐναντίον Φαραὼ καὶ ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτόν· τάδε λέγει Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς τῶν ῾Εβραίων· ἐξαπόστειλον τὸν λαόν μου, ἵνα λατρεύσωσί μοι
Exodus 9:13 (NETS)	Exodus 9:13 (English Elpenor)
Then the Lord said to Moyses, “Rise early in the morning, and stand before Pharao, and you shall say to him, ‘This is what the Lord says, the God of the Hebrews: Send away my people so that they may serve me.	And the Lord said to Moses, Rise up early in the morning, and stand before Pharao; and thou shalt say to him, These things saith the Lord God of the Hebrews, Send away my people that they may serve me.

Exodus 9:17 (Tanakh)	Exodus 9:17 (KJV)	Exodus 9:17 (NET)
As yet exaltest thou thyself against My people, that thou wilt not let them go?	As yet exaltest thou thyself against my people, that thou wilt not let them go?	You are still exalting yourself against my people by not releasing them.

Exodus 9:17 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 9:17 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἔτι οὖν σὺ ἐμποιῇ τοῦ λαοῦ μου τοῦ μὴ ἐξαποστεῖλαι αὐτούς	ἔτι οὖν σὺ ἐμποιῇ τοῦ λαοῦ μου τοῦ μὴ ἐξαποστεῖλαι αὐτούς
Exodus 9:17 (NETS)	Exodus 9:17 (English Elpenor)
Still then you hold on to my people so as not to send them away.	Dost thou then yet exert thyself to hinder my people, so as not to let them go?

Exodus 9:18 (Tanakh)	Exodus 9:18 (KJV)	Exodus 9:18 (NET)
Behold, tomorrow about this time I will cause it to rain a very grievous hail, such as hath not been in Egypt since the day it was founded even until now.	Behold, to morrow about this time I will cause it to rain a very grievous hail, such as hath not been in Egypt since the foundation thereof even until now.	I am going to cause very severe hail to rain down about this time tomorrow, such hail as has never occurred in Egypt from the day it was founded until now.

Exodus 9:18 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 9:18 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ὕω ταύτην τὴν ὥραν αὔριον χάλαζαν πολλὴν σφόδρα ἥτις τοιαύτη οὐ γέγονεν ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ ἀφ᾽ ἧς ἡμέρας ἔκτισται ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης	ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ὕω ταύτην τὴν ὥραν αὔριον χάλαζαν πολλὴν σφόδρα, ἥτις τοιαύτη οὐ γέγονεν ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ, ἀφ᾿ ἧς ἡμέρας ἔκτισται ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης
Exodus 9:18 (NETS)	Exodus 9:18 (English Elpenor)
Look, I am about to rain at this hour tomorrow very abundant hail, such as has not occurred in Egypt from the day which it was founded until this day.	Behold, to-morrow at this hour I will rain a very great hail, such as has not been in Egypt, from the time it was created until this day.

Exodus 9:19 (Tanakh)	Exodus 9:19 (KJV)	Exodus 9:19 (NET)
Now therefore send, hasten in thy cattle and all that thou hast in the field; for every man and beast that shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon them, and they shall die.’	Send therefore now, and gather thy cattle, and all that thou hast in the field; for upon every man and beast which shall be found in the field, and shall not be brought home, the hail shall come down upon them, and they shall die.	So now, send instructions to gather your livestock and all your possessions in the fields to a safe place. Every person or animal caught in the field and not brought into the house—the hail will come down on them, and they will die!”’”

Exodus 9:19 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 9:19 (Septuagint Elpenor)
νῦν οὖν κατάσπευσον συναγαγεῖν τὰ κτήνη σου καὶ ὅσα σοί ἐστιν ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ πάντες γὰρ οἱ ἄνθρωποι καὶ τὰ κτήνη ὅσα ἂν εὑρεθῇ ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ καὶ μὴ εἰσέλθῃ εἰς οἰκίαν πέσῃ δὲ ἐπ᾽ αὐτὰ ἡ χάλαζα τελευτήσει	νῦν οὖν κατάσπευσον συναγαγεῖν τὰ κτήνη σου καὶ ὅσα σοί ἐστιν ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ· πάντες γὰρ οἱ ἄνθρωποι καὶ τὰ κτήνη, ὅσα ἐὰν εὑρεθῇ ἐν τοῖς πεδίοις καὶ μὴ εἰσέλθῃ εἰς οἰκίαν, πέσῃ δὲ ἐπ᾿ αὐτὰ ἡ χάλαζα, τελευτήσει
Exodus 9:19 (NETS)	Exodus 9:19 (English Elpenor)
Now, therefore, hurry to gather your animals and whatever belongs to you on the plain. For all the humans and animals, whatever should be found on the plains and should not enter into a dwelling, but the hail should fall upon them, shall die’.”	Now then hasten to gather thy cattle, and all that thou hast in the fields; for all the men and cattle as many as shall be found in the fields, and shall not enter into a house, (but the hail shall fall upon them,) shall die.

Exodus 9:22 (Tanakh)	Exodus 9:22 (KJV)	Exodus 9:22 (NET)
And HaShem said unto Moses: ‘Stretch forth thy hand toward heaven, that there may be hail in all the land of Egypt, upon man, and upon beast, and upon every herb of the field, throughout the land of Egypt.’	And the LORD said unto Moses, Stretch forth thine hand toward heaven, that there may be hail in all the land of Egypt, upon man, and upon beast, and upon every herb of the field, throughout the land of Egypt.	Then the Lord said to Moses, “Extend your hand toward the sky that there may be hail in all the land of Egypt, on people and on animals, and on everything that grows in the field in the land of Egypt.”

Exodus 9:22 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 9:22 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν ἔκτεινον τὴν χεῖρά σου εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν καὶ ἔσται χάλαζα ἐπὶ πᾶσαν γῆν Αἰγύπτου ἐπί τε τοὺς ἀνθρώπους καὶ τὰ κτήνη καὶ ἐπὶ πᾶσαν βοτάνην τὴν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς	εἶπε δὲ Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν· ἔκτεινον τὴν χεῖρά σου εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν, καὶ ἔσται χάλαζα ἐπὶ πᾶσαν γῆν Αἰγύπτου, ἐπί τε τοὺς ἀνθρώπους καὶ τὰ κτήνη καὶ ἐπὶ πᾶσαν βοτάνην τὴν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς
Exodus 9:22 (NETS)	Exodus 9:22 (English Elpenor)
Then the Lord said to Moyses, “Stretch out your hand toward heaven, and there shall be hail on the whole land of Egypt, both on humans and animals and on all herbage which is on the land.”	And the Lord said to Moses, Stretch out thine hand to heaven, and there shall be hail on all the land of Egypt, both on the men and on the cattle, and on all the herbage on the land.

Exodus 9:23 (Tanakh)	Exodus 9:23 (KJV)	Exodus 9:23 (NET)
And Moses stretched forth his rod toward heaven; and HaShem sent thunder and hail, and fire ran down unto the earth; and HaShem caused to hail upon the land of Egypt.	And Moses stretched forth his rod toward heaven: and the LORD sent thunder and hail, and the fire ran along upon the ground; and the LORD rained hail upon the land of Egypt.	When Moses extended his staff toward the sky, the Lord sent thunder and hail, and fire fell to the earth; so the Lord caused hail to rain down on the land of Egypt.

Exodus 9:23 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 9:23 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐξέτεινεν δὲ Μωυσῆς τὴν χεῖρα εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν καὶ κύριος ἔδωκεν φωνὰς καὶ χάλαζαν καὶ διέτρεχεν τὸ πῦρ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς καὶ ἔβρεξεν κύριος χάλαζαν ἐπὶ πᾶσαν γῆν Αἰγύπτου	ἐξέτεινε δὲ Μωυσῆς τὴν χεῖρα εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν, καὶ Κύριος ἔδωκε φωνὰς καὶ χάλαζαν, καὶ διέτρεχε τὸ πῦρ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, καὶ ἔβρεξε Κύριος χάλαζαν ἐπὶ πᾶσαν γῆν Αἰγύπτου
Exodus 9:23 (NETS)	Exodus 9:23 (English Elpenor)
Then Moyses stretched out his hand towards heaven, and the Lord gave sounds and hail, and fire ran about on the land, and the Lord rained hail on the whole land of Egypt.	And Moses stretched forth his hand to heaven, and the Lord sent thunderings and hail; and the fire ran along upon the ground, and the Lord rained hail on all the land of Egypt.

Exodus 9:24 (Tanakh)	Exodus 9:24 (KJV)	Exodus 9:24 (NET)
So there was hail, and fire flashing up amidst the hail, very grievous, such as had not been in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation.	So there was hail, and fire mingled with the hail, very grievous, such as there was none like it in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation.	Hail fell and fire mingled with the hail; the hail was so severe that there had not been any like it in all the land of Egypt since it had become a nation.

Exodus 9:24 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 9:24 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἦν δὲ ἡ χάλαζα καὶ τὸ πῦρ φλογίζον ἐν τῇ χαλάζῃ ἡ δὲ χάλαζα πολλὴ σφόδρα σφόδρα ἥτις τοιαύτη οὐ γέγονεν ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ ἀφ᾽ οὗ γεγένηται ἐπ᾽ αὐτῆς ἔθνος	ἦν δὲ ἡ χάλαζα καὶ τὸ πῦρ φλογίζον ἐν τῇ χαλάζῃ· ἡ δὲ χάλαζα πολλὴ σφόδρα, ἥτις τοιαύτη οὐ γέγονεν ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ, ἀφ᾿ ἧς ἡμέρας γεγένηται ἐπ᾿ αὐτῆς ἔθνος
Exodus 9:24 (NETS)	Exodus 9:24 (English Elpenor)
Now there was hail and fire flashing in the hail. Now the hail was very, very abundant, such as had not occurred in Egypt from the time when a people had come into being upon it.	So there was hail and flaming fire mingled with hail; and the hail was very great, such as was not in Egypt, from the time there was a nation upon it.

Exodus 9:25 (Tanakh)	Exodus 9:25 (KJV)	Exodus 9:25 (NET)
And the hail smote throughout all the land of Egypt all that was in the field, both man and beast; and the hail smote every herb of the field, and broke every tree of the field.	And the hail smote throughout all the land of Egypt all that was in the field, both man and beast; and the hail smote every herb of the field, and brake every tree of the field.	The hail struck everything in the open fields, both people and animals, throughout all the land of Egypt. The hail struck everything that grows in the field, and it broke all the trees of the field to pieces.

Exodus 9:25 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 9:25 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐπάταξεν δὲ ἡ χάλαζα ἐν πάσῃ γῇ Αἰγύπτου ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπου ἕως κτήνους καὶ πᾶσαν βοτάνην τὴν ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ ἐπάταξεν ἡ χάλαζα καὶ πάντα τὰ ξύλα τὰ ἐν τοῖς πεδίοις συνέτριψεν ἡ χάλαζα	ἐπάταξε δὲ ἡ χάλαζα ἐν πάσῃ γῇ Αἰγύπτου ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπου ἕως κτήνους, καὶ πᾶσαν βοτάνην τὴν ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ ἐπάταξεν ἡ χάλαζα, καὶ πάντα τὰ ξύλα τὰ ἐν τοῖς πεδίοις συνέτριψεν ἡ χάλαζα
Exodus 9:25 (NETS)	Exodus 9:25 (English Elpenor)
>Then hail struck in all the land of Egypt from human to animal, and all herbage on the plain the hail struck, and all the trees on the plains the hail crushed.	And the hail smote in all the land of Egypt both man and beast, and the hail smote all the grass in the field, and the hail broke in pieces all the trees in the field.

Exodus 9:26 (Tanakh)	Exodus 9:26 (KJV)	Exodus 9:26 (NET)
Only in the land of Goshen, where the children of Israel were, was there no hail.	Only in the land of Goshen, where the children of Israel were, was there no hail.	Only in the land of Goshen, where the Israelites lived, was there no hail.

Exodus 9:26 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 9:26 (Septuagint Elpenor)
πλὴν ἐν γῇ Γεσεμ οὗ ἦσαν οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ οὐκ ἐγένετο ἡ χάλαζα	πλὴν ἐν γῇ Γεσέμ, οὗ ἦσαν οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραήλ, οὐκ ἐγένετο ἡ χάλαζα
Exodus 9:26 (NETS)	Exodus 9:26 (English Elpenor)
Only in the land, Gesem, where the sons of Israel were, the hail did not occur.	Only in the land of Gesem where the children of Israel were, the hail was not.

Numbers 26:63 (Tanakh)	Numbers 26:63 (KJV)	Numbers 26:63 (NET)
These are they that were numbered by Moses and Eleazar the priest, who numbered the children of Israel in the plains of Moab by the Jordan at Jericho.	These are they that were numbered by Moses and Eleazar the priest, who numbered the children of Israel in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho.	These are those who were numbered by Moses and Eleazar the priest, who numbered the Israelites in the rift valley plains of Moab along the Jordan River opposite Jericho.

Numbers 26:63 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 26:63 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ αὕτη ἡ ἐπίσκεψις Μωυσῆ καὶ Ελεαζαρ τοῦ ἱερέως οἳ ἐπεσκέψαντο τοὺς υἱοὺς Ισραηλ ἐν Αραβωθ Μωαβ ἐπὶ τοῦ Ιορδάνου κατὰ Ιεριχω	καὶ αὕτη ἡ ἐπίσκεψις Μωυσῆ καὶ ᾿Ελεάζαρ τοῦ ἱερέως, οἳ ἐπεσκέψαντο τοὺς υἱοὺς ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐν ᾿Αραβὼθ Μωάβ, ἐπὶ τοῦ ᾿Ιορδάνου κατὰ ῾Ιεριχώ
Numbers 26:63 (NETS)	Numbers 26:63 (English Elpenor)
And this is the enrollment of Moyses and Eleazar the priest, who enrolled the sons of Israel in Araboth of Moab near the Jordan opposite Jericho.	And this [is] the numbering of Moses and Eleazar the priest, who numbered the children of Israel in Araboth of Moab, at Jordan by Jericho.

Numbers 26:64 (Tanakh)	Numbers 26:64 (KJV)	Numbers 26:64 (NET)
But among these there was not a man of them that were numbered by Moses and Aaron the priest, who numbered the children of Israel in the wilderness of Sinai.	But among these there was not a man of them whom Moses and Aaron the priest numbered, when they numbered the children of Israel in the wilderness of Sinai.	But there was not a man among these who had been among those numbered by Moses and Aaron the priest when they numbered the Israelites in the desert of Sinai.

Numbers 26:64 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 26:64 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐν τούτοις οὐκ ἦν ἄνθρωπος τῶν ἐπεσκεμμένων ὑπὸ Μωυσῆ καὶ Ααρων οὓς ἐπεσκέψαντο τοὺς υἱοὺς Ισραηλ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ Σινα	καὶ ἐν τούτοις οὐκ ἦν ἄνθρωπος τῶν ἐπεσκεμμένων ὑπὸ Μωυσῆ καὶ ᾿Ααρών, οὓς ἐπεσκέψαντο τοὺς υἱοὺς ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ Σινά
Numbers 26:64 (NETS)	Numbers 26:64 (English Elpenor)
And among these there was not a person of those enrolled by Moyses and Aaron whom—the sons of Israel—they enrolled in the wilderness of Sina.	And among these there was not a man numbered by Moses and Aaron, whom, [even] the children of Israel, they numbered in the wilderness of Sinai.

Numbers 26:65 (Tanakh)	Numbers 26:65 (KJV)	Numbers 26:65 (NET)
For HaShem had said of them: ‘They shall surely die in the wilderness.’ And there was not left a man of them, save Caleb the son of Jephunneh, and Joshua the son of Nun.	For the LORD had said of them, They shall surely die in the wilderness. And there was not left a man of them, save Caleb the son of Jephunneh, and Joshua the son of Nun.	For the Lord had said of them, “They will surely die in the wilderness.” And there was not left a single man of them, except Caleb son of Jephunneh and Joshua son of Nun.

Numbers 26:65 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 26:65 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ὅτι εἶπεν κύριος αὐτοῖς θανάτῳ ἀποθανοῦνται ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ καὶ οὐ κατελείφθη ἐξ αὐτῶν οὐδὲ εἷς πλὴν Χαλεβ υἱὸς Ιεφοννη καὶ Ἰησοῦς ὁ τοῦ Ναυη	ὅτι εἶπε Κύριος αὐτοῖς· θανάτῳ ἀποθανοῦνται ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ· καὶ οὐ κατελείφθη ἐξ αὐτῶν οὐδὲ εἷς, πλὴν Χάλεβ υἱὸς ᾿Ιεφοννὴ καὶ ᾿Ιησοῦς ὁ τοῦ Ναυή
Numbers 26:65 (NETS)	Numbers 26:65 (English Elpenor)
For the Lord said to them, “They shall die by death in the wilderness.” And there was not left even one of them, except for Caleb son of Iephonne and Iesous son of Naue.	For the Lord said to them, They shall surely die in the wilderness; and there was not left even one of them, except Chaleb the son of Jephonne, and Joshua the [son] of Naue.

Exodus 11:4 (Tanakh)	Exodus 11:4 (KJV)	Exodus 11:4 (NET)
And Moses said: ‘Thus saith HaShem: About midnight will I go out into the midst of Egypt;	And Moses said, Thus saith the LORD, About midnight will I go out into the midst of Egypt:	Moses said, “This is what the Lord has said: ‘About midnight I will go throughout Egypt,

Exodus 11:4 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 11:4 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν Μωυσῆς τάδε λέγει κύριος περὶ μέσας νύκτας ἐγὼ εἰσπορεύομαι εἰς μέσον Αἰγύπτου	Καὶ εἶπε Μωυσῆς· τάδε λέγει Κύριος· περὶ μέσας νύκτας ἐγὼ εἰσπορεύομαι εἰς μέσον Αἰγύπτου
Exodus 11:4 (NETS)	Exodus 11:4 (English Elpenor)
And Moyses said, “This is what the Lord says: Around midnight I am going to enter into the midst of Egypt,	And Moses said, These things saith the Lord, About midnight I go forth into the midst of Egypt.

Exodus 11:5 (Tanakh)	Exodus 11:5 (KJV)	Exodus 11:5 (NET)
and all the first-born in the land of Egypt shall die, from the first-born of Pharaoh that sitteth upon his throne, even unto the first-born of the maid-servant that is behind the mill; and all the first-born of cattle.	And all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sitteth upon his throne, even unto the firstborn of the maidservant that is behind the mill; and all the firstborn of beasts.	and all the firstborn in the land of Egypt will die, from the firstborn son of Pharaoh who sits on his throne, to the firstborn son of the slave girl who is at her hand mill, and all the firstborn of the cattle.

Exodus 11:5 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 11:5 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ τελευτήσει πᾶν πρωτότοκον ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ ἀπὸ πρωτοτόκου Φαραω ὃς κάθηται ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου καὶ ἕως πρωτοτόκου τῆς θεραπαίνης τῆς παρὰ τὸν μύλον καὶ ἕως πρωτοτόκου παντὸς κτήνους	καὶ τελευτήσει πᾶν πρωτότοκον ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ, ἀπὸ πρωτοτόκου Φαραώ, ὃς κάθηται ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου, καὶ ἕως πρωτοτόκου τῆς θεραπαίνης τῆς παρὰ τὸν μύλον καὶ ἕως πρωτοτόκου παντὸς κτήνους
Exodus 11:5 (NETS)	Exodus 11:5 (English Elpenor)
and every firstborn in the land, Egypt, shall die, from the firstborn of Pharao, who sits on a throne, to the firstborn of the female slave by the millstone and to the firstborn of every animal.	And every first-born in the land of Egypt shall die, from the first-born of Pharao that sits on the throne, even to the first-born of the woman-servant that is by the mill, and to the first-born of all cattle.

Exodus 11:6 (Tanakh)	Exodus 11:6 (KJV)	Exodus 11:6 (NET)
And there shall be a great cry throughout all the land of Egypt, such as there hath been none like it, nor shall be like it any more.	And there shall be a great cry throughout all the land of Egypt, such as there was none like it, nor shall be like it any more.	There will be a great cry throughout the whole land of Egypt, such as there has never been, nor ever will be again.

Exodus 11:6 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 11:6 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἔσται κραυγὴ μεγάλη κατὰ πᾶσαν γῆν Αἰγύπτου ἥτις τοιαύτη οὐ γέγονεν καὶ τοιαύτη οὐκέτι προστεθήσεται	καὶ ἔσται κραυγὴ μεγάλη κατὰ πᾶσαν γῆν Αἰγύπτου, ἥτις τοιαύτη οὐ γέγονε καὶ τοιαύτη οὐκ ἔτι προστεθήσεται
Exodus 11:6 (NETS)	Exodus 11:6 (English Elpenor)
And there will be a great cry throughout the whole land of Egypt, such as has not been and such as will not again be repeated.	And there shall be a great cry through all the land of Egypt, such as has not been, and such shall not be repeated any more.

Exodus 11:7 (Tanakh)	Exodus 11:7 (KJV)	Exodus 11:7 (NET)
But against any of the children of Israel shall not a dog whet his tongue, against man or beast; that ye may know how that HaShem doth put a difference between the Egyptians and Israel.	But against any of the children of Israel shall not a dog move his tongue, against man or beast: that ye may know how that the LORD doth put a difference between the Egyptians and Israel.	But against any of the Israelites not even a dog will bark against either people or animals, so that you may know that the Lord distinguishes between Egypt and Israel.’

Exodus 11:7 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 11:7 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς υἱοῖς Ισραηλ οὐ γρύξει κύων τῇ γλώσσῃ αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπου ἕως κτήνους ὅπως εἰδῇς ὅσα παραδοξάσει κύριος ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν Αἰγυπτίων καὶ τοῦ Ισραηλ	καὶ ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς υἱοῖς ᾿Ισραὴλ οὐ γρύξει κύων τῇ γλώσσῃ αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπου ἕως κτήνους, ὅπως εἰδῇς ὅσα παραδοξάσει Κύριος ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν Αἰγυπτίων καί τοῦ ᾿Ισραήλ
Exodus 11:7 (NETS)	Exodus 11:7 (English Elpenor)
But among all the sons of Israel a dog will not snarl with his tongue from human being to animal in order that you might know by what means the Lord shall distinguish gloriously between the Egyptians and Israel.	But among all the children of Israel shall not a dog snarl with his tongue, either at man or beast; that thou mayest know how wide a distinction the Lord will make between the Egyptians and Israel.

Exodus 11:8 (Tanakh)	Exodus 11:8 (KJV)	Exodus 11:8 (NET)
And all these thy servants shall come down unto me, and bow down unto me, saying: Get thee out, and all the people that follow thee; and after that I will go out.’ And he went out from Pharaoh in hot anger.	And all these thy servants shall come down unto me, and bow down themselves unto me, saying, Get thee out, and all the people that follow thee: and after that I will go out. And he went out from Pharaoh in a great anger.	All these your servants will come down to me and bow down to me, saying, ‘Go, you and all the people who follow you,’ and after that I will go out.” Then Moses went out from Pharaoh in great anger.

Exodus 11:8 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 11:8 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ καταβήσονται πάντες οἱ παῖδές σου οὗτοι πρός με καὶ προκυνήσουσίν με λέγοντες ἔξελθε σὺ καὶ πᾶς ὁ λαός σου οὗ σὺ ἀφηγῇ καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ἐξελεύσομαι ἐξῆλθεν δὲ Μωυσῆς ἀπὸ Φαραω μετὰ θυμοῦ	καὶ καταβήσονται πάντες οἱ παῖδές σου οὗτοι πρός με καὶ προσκυνήσουσί με λέγοντες· ἔξελθε σὺ καὶ πᾶς ὁ λαός σου, οὗ σύ ἀφηγῇ· καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ἐξελεύσομαι. ἐξῆλθε δὲ Μωυσῆς ἀπὸ Φαραὼ μετὰ θυμοῦ
Exodus 11:8 (NETS)	Exodus 11:8, 9a (English Elpenor)
And all these servants of yours shall come down to me and do obeisance before me, saying, ‘Leave, you and all your people, whom you are leading away’, and after these I will go out.” Then Moyses went out from Pharao with wrath.	And all these thy servants shall come down to me, and do me reverence, saying, Go forth, thou and all the people over whom thou presidest, and afterwards I will go forth. (9) And Moses went forth from Pharao with wrath.

Exodus 11:9 (Tanakh)	Exodus 11:9 (KJV)	Exodus 11:9 (NET)
And HaShem said unto Moses: ‘Pharaoh will not hearken unto you; that My wonders may be multiplied in the land of Egypt.’	And the LORD said unto Moses, Pharaoh shall not hearken unto you; that my wonders may be multiplied in the land of Egypt.	The Lord said to Moses, “Pharaoh will not listen to you, so that my wonders may be multiplied in the land of Egypt.”

Exodus 11:9 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 11:9 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν οὐκ εἰσακούσεται ὑμῶν Φαραω ἵνα πληθύνων πληθύνω μου τὰ σημεῖα καὶ τὰ τέρατα ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ	εἶπε δὲ Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν· οὐκ εἰσακούσεται ὑμῶν Φαραώ, ἵνα πληθύνων πληθυνῶ μου τὰ σημεῖα καὶ τὰ τέρατα ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ
Exodus 11:9 (NETS)	Exodus 11:9b (English Elpenor)
Then the Lord said to Moyses, “Pharao will not listen to you in order that I may multiply my signs and wonders in the land, Egypt.”	And the Lord said to Moses, Pharao will not hearken to you, that I may greatly multiply my signs and wonders in the land [of] Egypt.

Exodus 11:10 (Tanakh)	Exodus 11:10 (KJV)	Exodus 11:10 (NET)
And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh; and HaShem hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not let the children of Israel go out of his land.	And Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh: and the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go out of his land.	So Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, but the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not release the Israelites from his land.

Exodus 11:10 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 11:10 (Septuagint Elpenor)
Μωυσῆς δὲ καὶ Ααρων ἐποίησαν πάντα τὰ σημεῖα καὶ τὰ τέρατα ταῦτα ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ ἐναντίον Φαραω ἐσκλήρυνεν δὲ κύριος τὴν καρδίαν Φαραω καὶ οὐκ ἠθέλησεν ἐξαποστεῖλαι τοὺς υἱοὺς Ισραηλ ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου	Μωυσῆς δὲ καὶ ᾿Ααρὼν ἐποίησαν πάντα τὰ σημεῖα καὶ τὰ τέρατα ταῦτα ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ ἐναντίον Φαραώ· ἐσκλήρυνε δὲ Κύριος τὴν καρδίαν Φαραώ, καὶ οὐκ εἰσήκουσεν ἐξαποστεῖλαι τούς υἱοὺς ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου
Exodus 11:10 (NETS)	Exodus 11:10 (English Elpenor)
So Moyses and Aaron did all these signs and wonders in the land, Egypt, before Pharao. But the Lord hardened Pharao’s heart, and he was unwilling to send away the sons of Israel from the land of Egypt.	And Moses and Aaron wrought all these signs and wonders in the land [of] Egypt before Pharao; and the Lord hardened the heart of Pharao, and he did not hearken to send forth the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt.

Exodus 12:1 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:1 (KJV)	Exodus 12:1 (NET)
And HaShem spoke unto Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying:	And the LORD spake unto Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying,	The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt,

Exodus 12:1 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:1 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν καὶ Ααρων ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτου λέγων	ΕΙΠΕ δὲ Κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν καὶ ᾿Ααρὼν ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτου λέγων
Exodus 12:1 (NETS)	Exodus 12:1 (English Elpenor)
Then the Lord spoke to Moyses and Aaron in the land, Egypt, saying:	And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying,

Exodus 12:2 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:2 (KJV)	Exodus 12:2 (NET)
This month shall be unto you the beginning of months; it shall be the first month of the year to you.	This month shall be unto you the beginning of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you.	“This month is to be your beginning of months; it will be your first month of the year.

Exodus 12:2 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:2 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ὁ μὴν οὗτος ὑμῖν ἀρχὴ μηνῶν πρῶτός ἐστιν ὑμῖν ἐν τοῖς μησὶν τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ	ὁ μὴν οὗτος ὑμῖν ἀρχὴ μηνῶν, πρῶτός ἐστιν ὑμῖν ἐν τοῖς μησὶ τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ
Exodus 12:2 (NETS)	Exodus 12:2 (English Elpenor)
This month shall be for you the beginning of months; it is first for you among the months of the year.	This month [shall be] to you the beginning of months: it is the first to you among the months of the year.

Exodus 12:3 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:3 (KJV)	Exodus 12:3 (NET)
Speak ye unto all the congregation of Israel, saying: In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to their fathers’ houses, a lamb for a household;	Speak ye unto all the congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to the house of their fathers, a lamb for an house:	Tell the whole community of Israel, ‘On the tenth day of this month they each must take a lamb for themselves according to their families—a lamb for each household.

Exodus 12:3 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:3 (Septuagint Elpenor)
λάλησον πρὸς πᾶσαν συναγωγὴν υἱῶν Ισραηλ λέγων τῇ δεκάτῃ τοῦ μηνὸς τούτου λαβέτωσαν ἕκαστος πρόβατον κατ᾽ οἴκους πατριῶν ἕκαστος πρόβατον κατ᾽ οἰκίαν	λάλησον πρὸς πᾶσαν συναγωγὴν υἱῶν ᾿Ισραὴλ λέγων· τῇ δεκάτῃ τοῦ μηνὸς τούτου λαβέτωσαν ἕκαστος πρόβατον κατ᾿ οἴκους πατριῶν, ἕκαστος πρόβατον κατ᾿ οἰκίαν
Exodus 12:3 (NETS)	Exodus 12:3 (English Elpenor)
Speak to the whole congregation of the sons of Israel, saying, “On the tenth of this month let them take, each person, a sheep according to the paternal houses, a sheep for each household.	Speak to all the congregation of the children of Israel, saying, On the tenth of this month let them take each man a lamb according to the houses of their families, every man a lamb for his household.

Exodus 12:4 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:4 (KJV)	Exodus 12:4 (NET)
and if the household be too little for a lamb, then shall he and his neighbour next unto his house take one according to the number of the souls; according to every man’s eating ye shall make your count for the lamb.	And if the household be too little for the lamb, let him and his neighbour next unto his house take it according to the number of the souls; every man according to his eating shall make your count for the lamb.	If any household is too small for a lamb, the man and his next-door neighbor are to take a lamb according to the number of people—you will make your count for the lamb according to how much each one can eat.

Exodus 12:4 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:4 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐὰν δὲ ὀλιγοστοὶ ὦσιν οἱ ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ ὥστε μὴ ἱκανοὺς εἶναι εἰς πρόβατον συλλήμψεται μεθ᾽ ἑαυτοῦ τὸν γείτονα τὸν πλησίον αὐτοῦ κατὰ ἀριθμὸν ψυχῶν ἕκαστος τὸ ἀρκοῦν αὐτῷ συναριθμήσεται εἰς πρόβατον	ἐὰν δὲ ὀλιγοστοὶ ὦσιν ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ, ὥστε μὴ εἶναι ἱκανοὺς εἰς πρόβατον, συλλήψεται μεθ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ τὸν γείτονα τὸν πλησίον αὐτοῦ κατὰ ἀριθμὸν ψυχῶν· ἕκαστος τὸ ἀρκοῦν αὐτῷ συναριθμήσεται εἰς πρόβατον
Exodus 12:4 (NETS)	Exodus 12:4 (English Elpenor)
But if those in the household are too few so that they are not enough for a sheep, he shall join with himself his nearby neighbor according to the number of souls; you, each one, shall number together that which is sufficient for a sheep.	And if they be few in a household, so that there are not enough for the lamb, he shall take with himself his neighbour that lives near to him,– as to the number of souls, every one according to that which suffices him shall make a reckoning for the lamb.

Exodus 12:5 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:5 (KJV)	Exodus 12:5 (NET)
Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of the first year; ye shall take it from the sheep, or from the goats;	Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of the first year: ye shall take it out from the sheep, or from the goats:	Your lamb must be perfect, a male, one year old; you may take it from the sheep or from the goats.

Exodus 12:5 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:5 (Septuagint Elpenor)
πρόβατον τέλειον ἄρσεν ἐνιαύσιον ἔσται ὑμῖν ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρνῶν καὶ τῶν ἐρίφων λήμψεσθε	πρόβατον τέλειον, ἄρσεν, ἐνιαύσιον ἔσται ὑμῖν· ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρνῶν καὶ τῶν ἐρίφων λήψεσθε
Exodus 12:5 (NETS)	Exodus 12:5 (English Elpenor)
You shall have a perfect sheep, a one-year-old male. You shall take from the lambs and kids.	It shall be to you a lamb unblemished, a male of a year old: ye shall take it of the lambs and the kids.

Exodus 12:7 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:7 (KJV)	Exodus 12:7 (NET)
And they shall take of the blood, and put it on the two side-posts and on the lintel, upon the houses wherein they shall eat it.	And they shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two side posts and on the upper door post of the houses, wherein they shall eat it.	They will take some of the blood and put it on the two side posts and top of the doorframe of the houses where they will eat it.

Exodus 12:7 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:7 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ λήμψονται ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος καὶ θήσουσιν ἐπὶ τῶν δύο σταθμῶν καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν φλιὰν ἐν τοῖς οἴκοις ἐν οἷς ἐὰν φάγωσιν αὐτὰ ἐν αὐτοῖς	καὶ λήψονται ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος καὶ θήσουσιν ἐπὶ τῶν δύο σταθμῶν καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν φλιὰν ἐν τοῖς οἴκοις, ἐν οἷς ἐὰν φάγωσιν αὐτὰ ἐν αὐτοῖς
Exodus 12:7 (NETS)	Exodus 12:7 (English Elpenor)
And they shall take some of the blood and shall put it on the two doorposts and on the lintel in the houses whichever they eat them in.	And they shall take of the blood, and shall put it on the two door-posts, and on the lintel, in the houses in which soever they shall eat them.

Exodus 12:8 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:8 (KJV)	Exodus 12:8 (NET)
And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; with bitter herbs they shall eat it.	And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.	They will eat the meat the same night; they will eat it roasted over the fire with bread made without yeast and with bitter herbs.

Exodus 12:8 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:8 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ φάγονται τὰ κρέα τῇ νυκτὶ ταύτῃ ὀπτὰ πυρὶ καὶ ἄζυμα ἐπὶ πικρίδων ἔδονται	καὶ φάγονται τὰ κρέα τῇ νυκτὶ ταύτῃ· ὀπτὰ πυρὶ καὶ ἄζυμα ἐπὶ πικρίδων ἔδονται
Exodus 12:8 (NETS)	Exodus 12:8 (English Elpenor)
And they shall eat the meat this night, roasted in fire, and they shall eat unleavened bread with bitter herbs.	And they shall eat the flesh in this night roast with fire, and they shall eat unleavened [bread] with bitter herbs.

Exodus 12:9 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:9 (KJV)	Exodus 12:9 (NET)
Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; its head with its legs and with the inwards thereof.	Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof.	Do not eat it raw or boiled in water, but roast it over the fire with its head, its legs, and its entrails.

Exodus 12:9 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:9 (Septuagint Elpenor)
οὐκ ἔδεσθε ἀπ᾽ αὐτῶν ὠμὸν οὐδὲ ἡψημένον ἐν ὕδατι ἀλλ᾽ ἢ ὀπτὰ πυρί κεφαλὴν σὺν τοῖς ποσὶν καὶ τοῖς ἐνδοσθίοις	οὐκ ἔδεσθε ἀπ᾿ αὐτῶν ὠμὸν οὐδὲ ἡψημένον ἐν ὕδατι, ἀλλ᾿ ἢ ὀπτὰ πυρί, κεφαλὴν σὺν τοῖς ποσὶ καὶ τοῖς ἐνδοσθίοις
Exodus 12:9 (NETS)	Exodus 12:9 (English Elpenor)
You shall not eat from it raw or boiled in water but rather roasted in fire, head with the feet and inner organs.	Ye shall not eat of it raw nor sodden in water, but only roast with fire, the head with the feet and the appurtenances.

Exodus 12:10 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:10 (KJV)	Exodus 12:10 (NET)
And ye shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; but that which remaineth of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire.	And ye shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; and that which remaineth of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire.	You must leave nothing until morning, but you must burn with fire whatever remains of it until morning.

Exodus 12:10 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:10 (Septuagint Elpenor)
οὐκ ἀπολείψετε ἀπ᾽ αὐτοῦ ἕως πρωὶ καὶ ὀστοῦν οὐ συντρίψετε ἀπ᾽ αὐτοῦ τὰ δὲ καταλειπόμενα ἀπ᾽ αὐτοῦ ἕως πρωὶ ἐν πυρὶ κατακαύσετε	οὐκ ἀπολείψετε ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ ἕως πρωΐ καὶ ὀστοῦν οὐ συντρίψετε ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ· τὰ δὲ καταλειπόμενα ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ ἕως πρωΐ ἐν πυρὶ κατακαύσετε
Exodus 12:10 (NETS)	Exodus 12:10 (English Elpenor)
You shall not leave any of it until morning, and you shall not break a bone of it. But that which remains from it until morning, you shall burn with fire.	Nothing shall be left of it till the morning, and a bone of it ye shall not break; but that which is left of it till the morning ye shall burn with fire.

Exodus 12:11 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:11 (KJV)	Exodus 12:11 (NET)
And thus shall ye eat it: with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and ye shall eat it in haste–it is HaShem’S passover.	And thus shall ye eat it; with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and ye shall eat it in haste: it is the LORD’S passover.	This is how you are to eat it—dressed to travel, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand. You are to eat it in haste. It is the Lord’s Passover.

Exodus 12:11 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:11 (Septuagint Elpenor)
οὕτως δὲ φάγεσθε αὐτό αἱ ὀσφύες ὑμῶν περιεζωσμέναι καὶ τὰ ὑποδήματα ἐν τοῖς ποσὶν ὑμῶν καὶ αἱ βακτηρίαι ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν ὑμῶν καὶ ἔδεσθε αὐτὸ μετὰ σπουδῆς πασχα ἐστὶν κυρίῳ	οὕτω δὲ φάγεσθε αὐτό· αἱ ὀσφύες ὑμῶν περιεζωσμέναι, καὶ τὰ ὑποδήματα ἐν τοῖς ποσὶν ὑμῶν, καὶ αἱ βακτηρίαι ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν ὑμῶν· καὶ ἔδεσθε αὐτὸ μετὰ σπουδῆς· πάσχα ἐστὶ Κυρίῳ
Exodus 12:11 (NETS)	Exodus 12:11 (English Elpenor)
Now in this way you shall eat it: your loins girded and your sandals on your feet and your staves in your hands. And you shall eat it with haste—it is the Lord’s pascha.	And thus shall ye eat it: your loins girded, and your sandals on your feet, and your staves in your hands, and ye shall eat it in haste. It is a passover to the Lord.

Exodus 12:12 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:12 (KJV)	Exodus 12:12 (NET)
For I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and will smite all the first-born in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am HaShem.	For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the LORD.	“‘I will pass through the land of Egypt in the same night, and I will attack all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both of humans and of animals, and on all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment. I am the Lord.

Exodus 12:12 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:12 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ διελεύσομαι ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ ἐν τῇ νυκτὶ ταύτῃ καὶ πατάξω πᾶν πρωτότοκον ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπου ἕως κτήνους καὶ ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς θεοῖς τῶν Αἰγυπτίων ποιήσω τὴν ἐκδίκησιν ἐγὼ κύριος	καί διελεύσομαι ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ ἐν τῇ νυκτὶ ταύτῃ καὶ πατάξω πᾶν πρωτότοκον ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπου ἕως κτήνους καὶ ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς θεοῖς τῶν Αἰγυπτίων ποιήσω τὴν ἐκδίκησιν· ἐγὼ Κύριος
Exodus 12:12 (NETS)	Exodus 12:12 (English Elpenor)
And I will pass through in the land, Egypt, on this night, and I will strike down every firstborn in the land, Egypt, from human being to animal, and on all the gods of the Egyptians I will execute vengeance. I am the Lord.	and I will go throughout the land of Egypt in that night, and will smite every first-born in the land of Egypt both man and beast, and on all the gods of Egypt will I execute vengeance: I [am] the Lord.

Exodus 12:13 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:13 (KJV)	Exodus 12:13 (NET)
And the blood shall be to you for a token upon the houses where ye are; and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and there shall no plague be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt.	And the blood shall be to you for a token upon the houses where ye are: and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and the plague shall not be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt.	The blood will be a sign for you on the houses where you are, so that when I see the blood I will pass over you, and this plague will not fall on you to destroy you when I attack the land of Egypt.

Exodus 12:13 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:13 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἔσται τὸ αἷμα ὑμῖν ἐν σημείῳ ἐπὶ τῶν οἰκιῶν ἐν αἷς ὑμεῖς ἐστε ἐκεῖ καὶ ὄψομαι τὸ αἷμα καὶ σκεπάσω ὑμᾶς καὶ οὐκ ἔσται ἐν ὑμῖν πληγὴ τοῦ ἐκτριβῆναι ὅταν παίω ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ	καὶ ἔσται τὸ αἷμα ὑμῖν ἐν σημείῳ ἐπὶ τῶν οἰκιῶν, ἐν αἷς ὑμεῖς ἐστε ἐκεῖ, καὶ ὄψομαι τὸ αἷμα καὶ σκεπάσω ὑμᾶς, καὶ οὐκ ἔσται ἐν ὑμῖν πληγὴ τοῦ ἐκτριβῆναι, ὅταν παίω ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ
Exodus 12:13 (NETS)	Exodus 12:13 (English Elpenor)
And the blood shall be for you as a sign on the houses, there where you are, and I will see the blood, and I will protect you, and there shall not be a plague among you to destroy, whenever I strike in the land, Egypt.	And the blood shall be for a sign to you on the houses in which ye are, and I will see the blood, and will protect you, and there shall not be on you the plague of destruction, when I smite in the land of Egypt.

Exodus 12:28 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:28 (KJV)	Exodus 12:28 (NET)
And the children of Israel went and did so; as HaShem had commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.	And the children of Israel went away, and did as the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.	and the Israelites went away and did exactly as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron.

Exodus 12:28 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:28 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἀπελθόντες ἐποίησαν οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ καθὰ ἐνετείλατο κύριος τῷ Μωυσῇ καὶ Ααρων οὕτως ἐποίησαν	καὶ ἀπελθόντες ἐποίησαν οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραὴλ καθὰ ἐνετείλατο Κύριος τῷ Μωυσῇ καὶ ᾿Ααρών, οὕτως ἐποίησαν
Exodus 12:28 (NETS)	Exodus 12:28b (English Elpenor)
And when they went away, the sons of Israel did as the Lord commanded Moyses and Aaron; so they did.	And the children of Israel departed and did as the Lord commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.

Exodus 12:29 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:29 (KJV)	Exodus 12:29 (NET)
And it came to pass at midnight, that HaShem smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the first-born of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the first-born of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the first-born of cattle.	And it came to pass, that at midnight the LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the firstborn of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of cattle.	It happened at midnight—the Lord attacked all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the prison, and all the firstborn of the cattle.

Exodus 12:29 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:29 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐγενήθη δὲ μεσούσης τῆς νυκτὸς καὶ κύριος ἐπάταξεν πᾶν πρωτότοκον ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ ἀπὸ πρωτοτόκου Φαραω τοῦ καθημένου ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου ἕως πρωτοτόκου τῆς αἰχμαλωτίδος τῆς ἐν τῷ λάκκῳ καὶ ἕως πρωτοτόκου παντὸς κτήνους	᾿Εγενήθη δὲ μεσούσης τῆς νυκτὸς καὶ Κύριος ἐπάταξε πᾶν πρωτότοκον ἐν γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ, ἀπὸ πρωτοτόκου Φαραὼ τοῦ καθημένου ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου ἕως πρωτοτόκου τῆς αἰχμαλωτίδος τῆς ἐν τῷ λάκκῳ καὶ ἕως πρωτοτόκου παντὸς κτήνους
Exodus 12:29 (NETS)	Exodus 12:29 (English Elpenor)
Now it happened during the middle of the night that the Lord struck every firstborn in the land, Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharao who sits upon the throne, to the firstborn of the female captive who is in the pit, even to the firstborn of every animal.	And it came to pass at midnight that the Lord smote all the first-born in the land of Egypt, from the first-born of Pharao that sat on the throne, to the first-born of the captive-maid in the dungeon, and the first-born of all cattle.

Exodus 12:30 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:30 (KJV)	Exodus 12:30 (NET)
And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead.	And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead.	Pharaoh got up in the night, along with all his servants and all Egypt, and there was a great cry in Egypt, for there was no house in which there was not someone dead.

Exodus 12:30 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:30 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἀναστὰς Φαραω νυκτὸς καὶ πάντες οἱ θεράποντες αὐτοῦ καὶ πάντες οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι καὶ ἐγενήθη κραυγὴ μεγάλη ἐν πάσῃ γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ οὐ γὰρ ἦν οἰκία ἐν ᾗ οὐκ ἦν ἐν αὐτῇ τεθνηκώς	καὶ ἀναστὰς Φαραὼ νυκτὸς καὶ οἱ θεράποντες αὐτοῦ καὶ πάντες οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι καὶ ἐγενήθη κραυγή μεγάλη ἐν πάσῃ γῇ Αἰγύπτῳ· οὐ γὰρ ἦν οἰκία, ἐν ᾗ οὐκ ἦν ἐν αὐτῇ τεθνηκώς
Exodus 12:30 (NETS)	Exodus 12:30 (English Elpenor)
And Pharao arose during the night and all his attendants and all the Egyptians, and there was a great cry in the land of Egypt. For there was not a house which had no dead person in it.	And Pharao rose up by night, and his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in all the land of Egypt, for there was not a house in which there was not one dead.

Exodus 12:31 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:31 (KJV)	Exodus 12:31 (NET)
And he called for Moses and Aaron by night and said: ‘Rise up, get you forth from among my people, both ye and the children of Israel; and go, serve HaShem, as ye have said.	And he called for Moses and Aaron by night, and said, Rise up, and get you forth from among my people, both ye and the children of Israel; and go, serve the LORD, as ye have said.	Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron in the night and said, “Get up, get out from among my people, both you and the Israelites! Go, serve the Lord as you have requested!

Exodus 12:31 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:31 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐκάλεσεν Φαραω Μωυσῆν καὶ Ααρων νυκτὸς καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς ἀνάστητε καὶ ἐξέλθατε ἐκ τοῦ λαοῦ μου καὶ ὑμεῖς καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ Ισραηλ βαδίζετε καὶ λατρεύσατε κυρίῳ τῷ θεῷ ὑμῶν καθὰ λέγετε	καὶ ἐκάλεσε Φαραὼ Μωυσῆν καὶ ᾿Ααρὼν νυκτὸς καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· ἀνάστητε καὶ ἐξέλθετε ἐκ τοῦ λαοῦ μου καὶ ὑμεῖς καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ ᾿Ισραήλ· βαδίζετε καὶ λατρεύσατε Κυρίῳ τῷ Θεῷ ὑμῶν, καθὰ λέγετε
Exodus 12:31 (NETS)	Exodus 12:31 (English Elpenor)
And Pharao summoned Moyese and Aaron during the night and said to them, “Arise, and go out from my people, both you and the sons of Israel. Go! Serve the Lord your God according as you say.	And Pharao called Moses and Aaron by night, and said to them, Rise and depart from my people, both ye and the children of Israel. Go and serve the Lord your God, even as ye say.

Exodus 12:32 (Tanakh)	Exodus 12:32 (KJV)	Exodus 12:32 (NET)
Take both your flocks and your herds, as ye have said, and be gone; and bless me also.’	Also take your flocks and your herds, as ye have said, and be gone; and bless me also.	Also, take your flocks and your herds, just as you have requested, and leave. But bless me also.”

Exodus 12:32 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 12:32 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ τὰ πρόβατα καὶ τοὺς βόας ὑμῶν ἀναλαβόντες πορεύεσθε εὐλογήσατε δὲ κἀμέ	καὶ τὰ πρόβατα καὶ τοὺς βόας ὑμῶν ἀναλαβόντες πορεύεσθε, εὐλογήσατε δὲ κἀμέ
Exodus 12:32 (NETS)	Exodus 12:32 (English Elpenor)
Take both your sheep and cattle, and get going, but bless me too.”	And take with you your sheep, and your oxen: bless me also, I pray you.

Exodus 22:19 (Tanakh)	Exodus 22:20 (KJV)	Exodus 22:20 (NET)
He that sacrificeth unto the gods, save unto HaShem only, shall be utterly destroyed.	He that sacrificeth unto any god, save unto the LORD only, he shall be utterly destroyed.	“Whoever sacrifices to a god other than the Lord alone must be utterly destroyed.

Exodus 22:20 (Septuagint BLB)	Exodus 22:20 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ὁ θυσιάζων θεοῖς θανάτῳ ὀλεθρευθήσεται πλὴν κυρίῳ μόνῳ	ὁ θυσιάζων θεοῖς θανάτῳ ἐξολοθρευθήσεται, πλὴν Κυρίῳ μόνῳ
Exodus 22:20 (NETS)	Exodus 22:20 (English Elpenor)
The one who sacrifices to the gods, except to the Lord alone, shall be destroyed.	He that sacrifices to any gods but to the Lord alone, shall be destroyed by death.

Numbers 25:6 (Tanakh)	Numbers 25:6 (KJV)	Numbers 25:6 (NET)
And, behold, one of the children of Israel came and brought unto his brethren a Midianitish woman in the sight of Moses, and in the sight of all the congregation of the children of Israel, while they were weeping at the door of the tent of meeting.	And, behold, one of the children of Israel came and brought unto his brethren a Midianitish woman in the sight of Moses, and in the sight of all the congregation of the children of Israel, who were weeping before the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.	Just then one of the Israelites came and brought to his brothers a Midianite woman in the plain view of Moses and of the whole community of the Israelites, while they were weeping at the entrance of the tent of meeting.

Numbers 25:6 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 25:6 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἰδοὺ ἄνθρωπος τῶν υἱῶν Ισραηλ ἐλθὼν προσήγαγεν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ πρὸς τὴν Μαδιανῖτιν ἐναντίον Μωυσῆ καὶ ἔναντι πάσης συναγωγῆς υἱῶν Ισραηλ αὐτοὶ δὲ ἔκλαιον παρὰ τὴν θύραν τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου	Καὶ ἰδοὺ ἄνθρωπος τῶν υἱῶν ᾿Ισραὴλ ἐλθὼν προσήγαγε τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ πρὸς τὴν Μαδιανῖτιν ἐναντίον Μωυσῆ καὶ ἐναντίον πάσης συναγωγῆς υἱῶν ᾿Ισραήλ, αὐτοὶ δὲ ἔκλαιον παρὰ τὴν θύραν τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου
Numbers 25:6 (NETS)	Numbers 25:6 (English Elpenor)
And behold, a man of the sons of Israel came and brought his brother to the Madianite woman before Moyses and before all the congregation of Israel’s sons, but they were weeping at the door of the tent of witness.	And, behold, a man of the children of Israel came and brought his brother to a Madianitish woman before Moses, and before all the congregation of the children of Israel; and they were weeping at the door of the tabernacle of witness.

Numbers 25:7 (Tanakh)	Numbers 25:7 (KJV)	Numbers 25:7 (NET)
And when Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, saw it, he rose up from the midst of the congregation, and took a spear in his hand.	And when Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, saw it, he rose up from among the congregation, and took a javelin in his hand;	When Phinehas son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, saw it, he got up from among the assembly, took a javelin in his hand,

Numbers 25:7 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 25:7 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἰδὼν Φινεες υἱὸς Ελεαζαρ υἱοῦ Ααρων τοῦ ἱερέως ἐξανέστη ἐκ μέσου τῆς συναγωγῆς καὶ λαβὼν σειρομάστην ἐν τῇ χειρὶ	καὶ ἰδὼν Φινεὲς υἱὸς ᾿Ελεάζαρ υἱοῦ ᾿Ααρὼν τοῦ ἱερέως ἐξανέστη ἐκ μέσου τῆς συναγωγῆς καὶ λαβὼν σειρομάστην ἐν τῇ χειρὶ
Numbers 25:7 (NETS)	Numbers 25:7 (English Elpenor)
And when Phineas son of Eleazar son of Aaron the priest saw it, he arose from the midst of the congregation. And he took a barbed lance in his hand,	And Phinees the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, saw it, and rose out of the midst of the congregation, and took a javelin in his hand,

Numbers 25:8 (Tanakh)	Numbers 25:8 (KJV)	Numbers 25:8 (NET)
And he went after the man of Israel into the chamber, and thrust both of them through, the man of Israel, and the woman through her belly. So the plague was stayed from the children of Israel.	And he went after the man of Israel into the tent, and thrust both of them through, the man of Israel, and the woman through her belly. So the plague was stayed from the children of Israel.	and went after the Israelite man into the tent and thrust through the Israelite man and into the woman’s abdomen. So the plague was stopped from the Israelites.

Numbers 25:8 (Septuagint BLB)	Numbers 25:8 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἰσῆλθεν ὀπίσω τοῦ ἀνθρώπου τοῦ Ισραηλίτου εἰς τὴν κάμινον καὶ ἀπεκέντησεν ἀμφοτέρους τόν τε ἄνθρωπον τὸν Ισραηλίτην καὶ τὴν γυναῖκα διὰ τῆς μήτρας αὐτῆς καὶ ἐπαύσατο ἡ πληγὴ ἀπὸ υἱῶν Ισραηλ	εἰσῆλθεν ὀπίσω τοῦ ἀνθρώπου τοῦ ᾿Ισραηλίτου εἰς τὴν κάμινον καὶ ἀπεκέντησεν ἀμφοτέρους, τόν τε ἄνθρωπον τὸν ᾿Ισραηλίτην καὶ τὴν γυναῖκα διὰ τῆς μήτρας αὐτῆς· καὶ ἐπαύσατο ἡ πληγὴ ἀπὸ υἱῶν ᾿Ισραήλ
Numbers 25:8 (NETS)	Numbers 25:8 (English Elpenor)
and he went in after the Israelite into the alcove and pierced both of them, both the Israelite man and the woman through her womb. And the blow stopped from Israel’s sons.	and went in after the Israelitish man into the chamber, and pierced them both through, both the Israelitish man, and the woman through her womb; and the plague was stayed from the children of Israel.

Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 2

Back to Fear – Exodus, Part 4

Back to My Reasons and My Reason, Part 6

Back to Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 3

Back to Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 4

Back to Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 5

¹ 3 John, Part 4; 3 John, Part 5; 3 John, Part 6; 3 John, Part 7; 3 John, Part 8

² John 17:3b (ESV)

³ The Lost Son of Perdition, Part 4 for a table comparing the Greek of Paul’s quotation to that of the Septuagint.

⁴ Who Am I? Part 14 for a table comparing the Greek of Paul’s quotation to that of the Septuagint.

⁵ Who Am I? Part 14 for a table comparing the Greek of Paul’s quotation to that of the Septuagint.

⁶ Who Am I? Part 14 for a table comparing the Greek of Paul’s quotation to that of the Septuagint.

⁷ David’s Forgiveness, Part 2 for a table comparing the Greek of Paul’s quotation to that of the Septuagint.

⁸ The Lost Son of Perdition, Part 4 for a table comparing the Greek of Paul’s quotation to that of the Septuagint.

⁹ To Make Holy, Part 7 for a table comparing the Greek of Paul’s quotation to that of the Septuagint.

¹⁰ Romans 9:24 (ESV)

¹¹ Romans 9:3b (ESV) Table

¹² Romans 11:32 (ESV)

¹³ 2 Peter 3:9 (ESV) Table

¹⁴ The Book of Life, Part 1 for a table comparing the Greek of Jesus’ quotation to that of the Septuagint.

¹⁵ Matthew 27:32-61; Mark 15:21-47; Luke 23:26-56; John 19:16-42

The Gospel and the Religious Mind

An attempt to distinguish the mind of Christ from the ordinary religious mind.

Category Archives: Balaam, Balak and the 24,000

Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 5

Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 4

Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 3

Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 2

Balaam, Balak and the 24,000, Part 1