Torture, Part 1

Since I faulted Jonathan Edwards for making a bad argument to support the assertion in his sermon “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” that “the great and almighty creator and king of heaven and earth” is the superlative torturer, I think it best that I look again at the verses that, if taken literally in some cases (in Revelation particularly), support that point of view.  First, I reject the testimony of the Gadarene or Gerasene demoniac(s) on principle: an unclean spirit is speaking.

Matthew

Mark

Luke

They cried out, “Son of God, leave us alone!  Have you come here to torment (βασανίσαι, a form of βασανίζω)[1] us   before the time?”

Matthew 8:29 (NET)

Then he cried out with a loud voice, “Leave me alone, Jesus, Son of the Most High God!  I implore you by God – do not torment (βασανίσῃς, another form of βασανίζω) me!”

Mark 5:7 (NET)

…and shouted with a loud voice, “Leave me alone, Jesus, Son of the Most High God!  I beg you, do not torment (βασανίσῃς, another form of βασανίζω) me!”

Luke 8:28b (NET)

This is like the impish boy corrected by his father in a public place who throws himself down on the ground screaming, “Please don’t beat me!”  Mark and Luke recorded the real cause of the demon’s histrionics:

Matthew

Mark

Luke

  (For Jesus had said to him, “Come out of that man, you unclean [ἀκάθαρτον, a form of ἀκάθαρτος][2] spirit!”)

Mark 5:8 (NET)

For Jesus had started commanding the evil (ἀκαθάρτῳ, a form of ἀκάθαρτος) spirit to come out of the man.

Luke 8:29a (NET)

Mark’s and Luke’s accounts continue but diverge some as well:

Matthew

Mark

Luke

  Jesus asked him, “What is your name?”  And he said, “My name is Legion, for we are many.”  He begged Jesus repeatedly not to send them out of the region.

Mark 5:9, 10 (NET)

Jesus then asked him,   “What is your name?”  He said, “Legion,” because many demons (δαιμόνια, a form of δαιμόνιον)[3] had entered him.  And they began to beg him not to order them to depart into the abyss.

Luke 8:30, 31 (NET)

I have heard a sermon in which—And they began to beg him not to order them to depart into the abyss—was proof positive that even the demons fear hell.  Apart from taking the word of a liar as proof of anything, I agree, the unclean spirits probably do fear the wrath of God.  I just won’t accept this statement and their plea not to be tormented as proof that God is a torturer.

A form of the word βασανίζω occurred in Mathew’s account of a Roman centurion who came to Jesus asking for help:[4] Lord, my servant is lying at home paralyzed, in terrible anguish (δεινῶς βασανιζόμενος, a form of βασανίζω).[5]  This was not just any old torture; it was terrible torture.  And at the risk of being facetious I think it’s important to recognize that Jesus’ first response was not, “Oh, goody!  I can’t wait to see that!”  Nor did He say, “Well, if your servant is suffering terrible anguish I’m sure he did something to deserve it.”  Jesus said to him, “I will come and heal him.”[6]

So, what about Jesus’ apparent unwillingness to send the unclean spirits out of the region or into the abyss before the time?  Did his compassion for them prove that deep down in his heart of hearts Jesus knew what kind of torturer He really is?  Matthew and Luke recorded a curious bit of Jesus’ insight into the travails of unclean spirits:

Matthew

Luke

When an unclean (ἀκάθαρτον, a form of ἀκάθαρτος) spirit goes out of a person, it passes through waterless places looking for rest but does not find it.  Then it says, “I will return to the home I left.”  When it returns, it finds the house empty, swept clean, and put in order.  Then it goes and brings with it seven other spirits more evil (πονηρότερα, a form of πονηρός)[7] than itself, and they go in and live there, so the last state of that person is worse than the first.  It will be that way for this evil (πονηρᾷ, a form of πονηρός) generation as well!

Matthew 12:43-45 (NET)

When an unclean (ἀκάθαρτον, a form of ἀκάθαρτος) spirit goes out of a person, it passes through waterless places looking for rest but not finding any.  Then it says, “I will return to the home I left.”  When it returns, it finds the house swept clean and put in order. Then it goes and brings seven other spirits more evil (πονηρότερα, a form of πονηρός) than itself, and they go in and live there, so the last state of that person is worse than the first.

Luke 11:24-26 (NET)

The point of this little bit of demonology in Matthew’s Gospel account was, It will be that way for this evil generation as well!  But Luke recorded the demonology without its application.  That intrigued me.  Jesus could certainly relate to passing through waterless places looking for rest but not finding any.  It is something that could elicit his compassion apart from some secret knowledge of Himself as a torturer.

So Jesus allowed the unclean spirits to enter a nearby herd of pigs.  Did they thank Him? Or praise Him?

Matthew

Mark

Luke

So they came out and went into the pigs, and the herd rushed down the steep slope into the lake and drowned in the water.  The herdsmen ran off, went into the town, and told everything that had happened to the demon-possessed (δαιμονιζομένων, a form of δαιμονίζομαι)[8] men.  Then the entire town came out to meet Jesus.

Matthew 8:32b-34a (NET)

 

So the unclean (ἀκάθαρτα, a form of ἀκάθαρτος) spirits came out and went into the pigs.  Then the herd rushed down the steep slope into the lake, and about two thousand were drowned in the lake.  Now the herdsmen ran off and spread the news in the town and countryside, and the people went out to see what had happened.

Mark 5:13b, 14 (NET)

So the demons (δαιμόνια, a form of δαιμόνιον) came out of the man and went into the pigs, and the herd of pigs rushed down the steep slope into the lake and drowned.  When the herdsmen saw what had happened, they ran off and spread the news in the town and countryside.  So the people went out to see what had happened, and they came to Jesus.

Luke 8:33-35a (NET)

No, they drowned the pigs.  And here the unclean spirits’ purpose comes into focus.  This spectacle attracted a buyers’ market of new homes to their location: Now the herdsmen ran off and spread the news in the town and countryside, and the people went out to see what had happened.

Matthew

Mark

Luke

And when they saw [Jesus]…

Matthew 8:34b (NET)

They came to Jesus and saw the demon-possessed (δαιμονιζόμενον, a form of δαιμονίζομαι) man sitting there, clothed and in his right mind – the one who had the “Legion” – and they were afraid (ἐφοβήθησαν, a form of φοβέω).[9]  Those who had seen what had happened to the demon-possessed (δαιμονιζομένῳ, another form of δαιμονίζομαι) man reported it, and they also told about the pigs.

Mark 5:15, 16 (NET)

They found the man from whom the demons (δαιμόνια, a form of δαιμόνιον) had gone out, sitting at Jesus’ feet, clothed and in his right mind, and they were afraid (ἐφοβήθησαν, a form of φοβέω).  Those who had seen it told them how the man who had been demon-possessed (δαιμονισθείς, another form of δαιμονίζομαι) had been healed.

Luke 8:35b, 36 (NET)

So when the new-homes-for-unclean-spirits saw what had happened they were afraid (ἐφοβήθησαν, a form of φοβέω).  Both Gospel writers used ἐφοβήθησαν, the same word found in the phrase ἐφοβήθησαν φόβον[10] μέγαν[11] in Mark’s gospel that was translated, They were overwhelmed by fear.[12]  This was the very fear Jesus called δειλοί,[13] a form of δειλός.[14]  As δειλοῖς (another form of δειλός) this fear appears first in the list of the damned in Revelation.[15]

Matthew

Mark

Luke

…they begged him to leave their region.

Matthew 8:34c (NET)

Then they asked Jesus to leave their region.

Mark 5:17 (NET)

Then all the people of the Gerasenes and the surrounding region asked Jesus to leave them alone, for they were seized with great fear.

Luke 8:37a (NET)

And so the new-homes-for-unclean-spirits proved what path they were on when their ἐφοβήθησαν prompted them to ask the only One standing between them and a Legion of homeless unclean spirits to leave.

Matthew

Mark

Luke

So [Jesus] got into the boat and left.

Luke 8:37b (NET)

So the unclean spirits got what they wanted all along.  Unclean Spirits = 1; Jesus and compassion = 0.  At least that’s the way it seems if I quit here or only read Matthew’s account.

Matthew

Mark

Luke

As he was getting into the boat the man who had been demon-possessed (δαιμονισθεὶς, a form of δαιμονίζομαι) asked if he could go with him.  But Jesus did not permit him to do so.  Instead, he said to him, “Go to your home and to your people and tell them what the Lord has done for you, that he had mercy on you.”  So he went away and began to proclaim in the Decapolis what Jesus had done for him, and all were amazed (ἐθαύμαζον, a form of θαυμάζω).[16]

Mark 5:18-20 (NET)

The man from whom the demons (δαιμόνια) had gone out begged to go with him, but Jesus sent him away, saying, “Return to your home, and declare what God has done for  you.”  So he went away, proclaiming throughout the whole town what Jesus had done for him.

Luke 8:38, 39 (NET)

Jesus left as they asked.  He might have taught them Himself about eternal life except for their ἐφοβήθησαν.  So they had only the testimony of a cleansed demoniac, and all were amazed.

Torture, Part 2


[4] Matthew 8:5 (NET)

[5] Matthew 8:6 (NET)

[6] Matthew 8:7 (NET) Table

[12] Mark 4:41 (NET)