On Pentecost Peter continued his quotation from the prophet Joel (Acts 2:20 NET Table):
The sun will be changed to darkness and the moon to blood before the great and glorious day of the Lord comes.
He may have had Jesus’ crucifixion in mind for ὁ ἥλιος μεταστραφήσεται εἰς σκότος (The sun will be changed to darkness). Now from noon until three,[1] darkness (σκότος) came over all the land.[2] Mark also recorded: Now[3] when it was noon, darkness (σκότος) came over the whole land until three[4] in the afternoon.[5] Luke mentioned the sun as well as the darkness (Luke 23:44, 45a NET):
It[6] was now[7] about noon, and darkness (σκότος) came over the whole land until three[8] in the afternoon, because[9] the sun’s light[10] failed.[11]
The English translations in the KJV are quite similar: The sun shall be turned into darkness; And the sun was darkened. But the Greek seems different (Table25 below).
| ὁ ἥλιος μεταστραφήσεται εἰς σκότος | τοῦ ἡλίου |ἐκλιπόντος| | και εσκοτισθη ο ηλιος |
| The sun will be changed to darkness | because the sun’s light failed | And the sun was darkened |
None of them mentioned the moon at all. The difference in the description of that day in the Septuagint caught my attention.
|
Masoretic Text |
Septuagint | ||
| Joel 3:4 (Tanakh) | Joel 2:31 (NET) | Joel 2:31 (NETS) |
Joel 3:4 (English Elpenor) |
| The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and terrible (וְהַנּוֹרָֽא) day of HaShem come. | The sunlight will be turned to darkness and the moon to the color of blood, before the day of the Lord comes—that great and terrible (yârêʼ, והנורא) day! | The sun shall be turned to darkness and the moon to blood, before the great and notable (ἐπιφανῆ) day of the Lord comes. | The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and glorious (ἐπιφανῆ) day of the Lord come. |
The Hebrew word וְהַנּוֹרָֽא is a form of the word I’ve been tracking through the essays categorized under The Fear of the Lord. Morfix came up with: נוֹרָא “terrible, terrifying, horrible, awful; (colloquial) very bad, insufferable; awe-inspiring, awesome (God).” But the rabbis chose ἐπιφανῆ, a form of ἐπιφανής: “notable, distinguished, famous, splendid, glorious, remarkable; evident, visually manifest, conspicuous; renowned.” The only other occurrence[12] of ἐπιφανῆ was near the end of Malachi. I’ll consider the passage verse by verse.
|
Masoretic Text |
Septuagint | ||
| Malachi 3:16 (Tanakh) | Malachi 3:16 (NET) | Malachi 3:16 (NETS) |
Malachi 3:16 (English Elpenor) |
| Then they that feared (יִרְאֵ֥י) the LORD spake often one to another: and the LORD hearkened, and heard it, and a book of remembrance was written before him for them that feared (לְיִרְאֵ֣י) the LORD, and that thought upon his name. | Then those who respected (yârêʼ, יראי) the Lord spoke to one another, and the Lord took notice. A scroll was prepared before him in which were recorded the names of those who respected (yârêʼ, ליראי) the Lord and honored his name. | Those who fear (φοβούμενοι) the Lord spoke against these things, each to his neighbor. And the Lord took note and listened and wrote a book of remembrance before him for those who fear (φοβουμένοις) the Lord and reverence his name. | Thus spoke they that feared (φοβούμενοι) the Lord, every one to his neighbour: and the Lord gave heed, and hearkened, and he wrote a book of remembrance before him for them that feared (φοβουμένοις) the Lord and reverenced his name. |
Here are the definitions of both forms translated feared from Morfix.
| Hebrew | Tanakh | Homographs | English Definitions |
| יִרְאֵ֥י | feared | יָרֵא | (literary) God-fearing person |
| יָרֵא | to fear; to stand in awe of, to respect | ||
| לְיִרְאֵ֣י | feared | יָרֵא | (literary) God-fearing person |
The rabbis chose φοβούμενοι for יִרְאֵ֥י and φοβουμένοις for לְיִרְאֵ֣י. Both are forms of φοβέω: “to be afraid, fear, become frightened; to fear (something, someone); to respect, have reverence (for God); to respect (a man, authority).”
|
Masoretic Text |
Septuagint | ||
| Malachi 3:17, 18 (Tanakh) | Malachi 3:17, 18 (NET) | Malachi 3:17, 18 (NETS) |
Malachi 3:17, 18 (English Elpenor) |
| And they shall be mine, saith the LORD of hosts, in that day when I make up my jewels; and I will spare them, as a man spareth his own son that serveth him. | “They will belong to me,” says the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, “in the day when I prepare my own special property. I will spare them as a man spares his son who serves him. | And they shall be mine, says the Lord Almighty, in the day when I make them my acquisition, and I will choose them as a person chooses his son who is subject to him. | And they shall be mine, saith the Lord Almighty, in the day which I appoint for a peculiar possession; and I will make choice of them, as a man makes choice of his son that serves him. |
| Then shall ye return, and discern between the righteous and the wicked, between him that serveth God and him that serveth him not. | Then once more you will see that I make a distinction between the righteous and the wicked, between the one who serves God and the one who does not. | And you shall turn and discern between the just and between the lawless and between the one who is subject to God and the one who is not subject. | Then shall ye return, and discern between the righteous and the wicked, and between him that serves God, and him that serves [him] not. |
I understand this discerning between the righteous—the new man (e.g., new human, καινὸν ἄνθρωπον) who has been created in God’s image—and the wicked—the old man (e.g., old human, παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον) who is being corrupted in accordance with deceitful desires—differently than some perhaps (Ephesians 4:22-24 NET):
You were taught with reference to your former way of life to lay aside the old man who is being corrupted (φθειρόμενον, a form of φθείρω) in accordance with deceitful desires, to be renewed in the spirit of your (plural, ὑμῶν) mind (singular, νοὸς), and to put on the new man who has been created in God’s image—in righteousness and holiness that comes from truth.
A day is coming when this new human will be more “evident,” more “visually manifest,” more “conspicuous” than a renewing in the spirit of the old humans’ mind.
|
Masoretic Text |
Septuagint | ||
| Malachi 4:1 (Tanakh) | Malachi 4:1 (NET) | Malachi 4:1 (NETS) |
Malachi 4:1 (English Elpenor) |
| For, behold, the day cometh, that shall burn as an oven; and all the proud, yea, and all that do wickedly, shall be stubble: and the day that cometh shall burn them up, saith the LORD of hosts, that it shall leave them neither root nor branch. | “For indeed the day is coming, burning like a furnace, and all the arrogant evildoers will be chaff. The coming day will burn them up,” says the Lord of Heaven’s Armies. “It will not leave them even a root or branch. | For behold, a day is coming, burning like an oven, and it will set them ablaze, and all the aliens and all those who do lawless things will be stubble, and the day that comes shall kindle them, says the Lord Almighty, and there shall be left of them neither root nor branch. | For, behold, a day comes burning as an oven, and it shall consume them; and all the aliens, and all that do wickedly, shall be stubble: and the day that is coming shall set them on fire, saith the Lord Almighty, and there shall not be left of them root or branch. |
I understand the day that shall burn as an oven; and all the proud, yea, and all that do wickedly, shall be stubble: and the day that cometh shall burn them up as something other than a promise of Zionism über alles. John the Baptist introduced Jesus, saying (Matthew 3:11, 12 NET):
I baptize you with water, for repentance, but the one coming after me is more powerful than I am—I am not worthy to carry his sandals! He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire [Table]. His winnowing fork is in his hand, and he will clean out his threshing floor and will gather his wheat into the storehouse, but the chaff he will burn up with inextinguishable fire!
Peter wrote, by the word of God heavens existed long ago and an earth was formed out of water and by means of water. Through these things the world existing at that time was destroyed when it was deluged with water. But by the same[13] word the present heavens and earth have been reserved for fire, by being kept for the day of judgment and destruction of the ungodly.[14]
I understand the ἀπωλείας τῶν ἀσεβῶν ἀνθρώπων (NET: destruction of the ungodly) as the destruction of the old human (παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον), equivalent to the day…that shall burn as an oven when the new human is freed from the prickly tendrils entangling it with the old.
|
Masoretic Text |
Septuagint | ||
| Malachi 4:2 (Tanakh) | Malachi 4:2 (NET) | Malachi 4:2 (NETS) |
Malachi 4:2 (English Elpenor) |
| But unto you that fear (יִרְאֵ֚י) my name shall the Sun of righteousness arise with healing in his wings; and ye shall go forth, and grow up as calves of the stall. | But for you who respect (yârêʼ, יראי) my name, the sun of vindication will rise with healing wings, and you will skip about like calves released from the stall. | And for you who fear (φοβουμένοις) my name a sun of justice shall rise, and healing is in its wings. And you shall go out and leap (σκιρτήσετε) like calves let loose from tethers. | But to you that fear (φοβουμένοις) my name shall the Sun of righteousness arise, and healing [shall be] in his wings: and ye shall go forth, and bound (σκιρτήσετε) as young calves let loose from bonds. |
Here again the rabbis chose φοβουμένοις for יִרְאֵ֚י. I want to consider and grow up as calves of the stall in more detail using Morfix.
| Hebrew | Tanakh | Homographs | English Definitions |
| וִֽיצָאתֶ֥ם | and ye shall go forth | יָצָא | to go outside, to exit; to leave (esp. country, state); to leave for; to emanate from, to emerge from; to depart; to break out, to come forth; to appear (sun, moon); to terminate (Sabbath, Festival); (literary) to pass (time); to escape from, to overcome; to originate from, to be derived from; to be based on; it follows, the result is, the upshot is; to be published; to announce, to come out in public; to so happen, to turn out that |
| יִצֵּא | to export | ||
| וּפִשְׁתֶּ֖ם ופשתם | and grow up | N/A | N/A |
| כְּעֶגְלֵ֥י | as calves | עֵגֶל | calf (male) |
| עָגֹל | round, circular, spherical | ||
| מַרְבֵּֽק | of the stall | מַרְבֵּק | (flowery) fattened calf |
Morfix didn’t recognize וּפִשְׁתֶּ֖ם, translated and grow up in the Tanakh, but the rabbis chose σκιρτήσετε, a form of σκιρτάω: “to jump, leap (for joy); to kick (i.e., fetus quickening)”, translated leap or bound in the Septuagint.
But the day of the Lord will come like a thief,[15] Peter continued in his letter (2 Peter 3:10-13 NET):
when it comes, the heavens will disappear with a horrific noise, and the celestial bodies will melt away[16] in a blaze, and the earth and every deed done on it will be laid bare (KJV: shall be burned up).[17] Since all these things are to melt away in this manner,[18] what sort of people must you[19] be, conducting your lives in holiness and godliness, while waiting for and hastening (2 Peter 3:8, 9) the coming of the day of God? Because of this day, the heavens will be burned up and dissolve, and the celestial bodies will melt away in a blaze! But, according to his promise, we are waiting for new heavens and a new earth, in which righteousness truly resides.
Depending on their proximity to others the new humans may well tread down the wicked others. But in [that] day as the Sun of righteousness arise with healing in his wings, as they go forth, and bound as young calves let loose from bonds the first steps the new humans take will be out from and upon their own ashes under the soles of [their] feet.
|
Masoretic Text |
Septuagint | ||
| Malachi 4:3 (Tanakh) | Malachi 4:3 (NET) | Malachi 4:3 (NETS) |
Malachi 4:3 (English Elpenor) |
| And ye shall tread down the wicked; for they shall be ashes under the soles of your feet in the day that I shall do this, saith the LORD of hosts. | You will trample on the wicked, for they will be like ashes under the soles of your feet on the day that I am preparing,” says the Lord of Heaven’s Armies. | And you shall tread down the lawless, for they will be ashes under your feet, on the day when I act, says the Lord Almighty. | And ye shall trample the wicked; for they shall be ashes underneath your feet in the day which I appoint, saith the Lord Almighty. |
I’ll quote the rest of Malachi in the order it appears in the Septuagint.
|
Masoretic Text |
Septuagint | ||
| Malachi 4:5 (Tanakh) | Malachi 4:5 (NET) | Malachi 4:4 (NETS) |
Malachi 4:4 (English Elpenor) |
| Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and dreadful (וְהַנּוֹרָֽא) day of the LORD: | Look, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the great and terrible (yârêʼ, והנורא) day of the Lord arrives. | And behold I am sending to you Elias the Thesbite before the great and notable (ἐπιφανῆ) day of the Lord comes, | And, behold, I will send to you Elias the Thesbite, before the great and glorious (ἐπιφανῆ) day of the Lord comes; |
Here the rabbis chose ἐπιφανῆ for וְהַנּוֹרָֽא.
|
Masoretic Text |
Septuagint | ||
| Malachi 4:6, 4 (Tanakh) | Malachi 4:6, 4 (NET) | Malachi 4:5, 6 (NETS) |
Malachi 4:5, 6 (English Elpenor) |
| And he shall turn the heart of the fathers to the children, and the heart of the children to their fathers, lest I come and smite the earth with a curse. | He will encourage fathers and their children to return to me, so that I will not come and strike the earth with judgment.” | who will restore the heart of the father to the son and the heart of a person to his neighbor so that I will not come and utterly strike the land. | who shall turn again the heart of the father to the son, and the heart of a man to his neighbour, lest I come and smite the earth grievously. |
| Remember (זִכְר֕וּ) ye the law of Moses my servant, which I commanded unto him in Horeb for all Israel, with the statutes and judgments. | “Remember (זכרו) the law of my servant Moses, to whom at Horeb I gave rules and regulations for all Israel to obey. | Remember (μνήσθητε) the law of Moyses my slave, as I commanded him at Choreb with ordinances and statutes for all Israel. | Remember (μνήσθητε) the law of my servant Moses, accordingly as I charged him [with it] in Choreb for all Israel, [even] the commandments and ordinances. |
Here the rabbis chose μνήσθητε, a form of μιμνήσκω, “to be mentioned, be called to remembrance,” for זִכְר֕וּ. A table of this clause run through Morfix follows.
| Hebrew | Tanakh | Homographs | English Definitions |
| זִכְר֕וּ | Remember ye | זָכָר | male; man; (grammar) masculine gender |
| זָכַר | to remember; to recall (memory); to keep in mind; to remember as; to take into account | ||
| זֵכֶר | memory (of someone or something); remnant, trace, vestige; in memory of | ||
| תּוֹרַ֖ת תורת | the law | תּוֹרָה | Torah, Pentateuch, Five Books of Moses; (Judaism) the Mosaic laws; Jewish biblical and rabbinic literature; theory, dogma; doctrine |
In a footnote (8) the translators of the NET tacitly acknowledged that they added to obey to the text . I don’t have any particular issue with the attempt to obey the law. It may well help one remember, but remember is the command. Remember ye the law of Moses my servant, which I commanded unto him in Horeb, remember the fear, remember your failure to obey, remember the ministry that produced death as it is recorded in the Scriptures, not as the religious mind imagines that it should be, so you can hear Jesus say, Do not be amazed that I said to you, ‘You must all be born from above.’[20]
And then everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved,[21] Peter concluded his quotation from the prophet Joel. Then he went on to describe how Jesus brought the ministry that produced death (Romans 7:7-22) to a fitting conclusion (Hebrews 8-10) for righteousness’ sake[22] (Acts 2:22-24 NET).
Men of Israel, listen to these words: Jesus the Nazarene, a man clearly attested to you by God with powerful deeds, wonders, and miraculous signs that God performed among you through him, just as you yourselves know—this man, who was handed over by the predetermined plan and foreknowledge of God, you executed by nailing him to a cross at the hands of Gentiles [Table]. But God raised him up, having released him from the pains of death, because it was not possible for him to be held in its power.
I’ll pick this up in another essay. Tables comparing Joel 2:31 (3:4); Malachi 3:16; 3:17; 3:18; 4:1; 4:2; 4:3; 4:5; 4:6; 4:4 and Joel 2:32 (3:5) in the Tanakh, KJV and NET; and tables comparing Joel 2:31 (3:4); Malachi 3:16; 3:17; 3:18; 4:1; 4:2; 4:3; 4:5 (4:4); 4:6 (4:5); 4:4 (4:6) and Joel 2:32 (3:5) in the BLB and Elpenor versions of the Septuagint follow. Tables comparing Matthew 27:45; Mark 15:33; Luke 23:44, 45; 2 Peter 3:7 and 3:10, 11 in the NET and KJV follow those.
| Joel 2:31 (KJV) | ||
| The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and terrible day of HaShem come. | The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and the terrible day of the LORD come. | The sunlight will be turned to darkness and the moon to the color of blood, before the day of the Lord comes—that great and terrible day! |
| ὁ ἥλιος μεταστραφήσεται εἰς σκότος καὶ ἡ σελήνη εἰς αἷμα πρὶν ἐλθεῗν ἡμέραν κυρίου τὴν μεγάλην καὶ ἐπιφανῆ | ὁ ἥλιος μεταστραφήσεται εἰς σκότος καὶ ἡ σελήνη εἰς αἷμα πρὶν ἐλθεῖν τὴν ἡμέραν Κυρίου τὴν μεγάλην καὶ ἐπιφανῆ |
| The sun shall be turned to darkness and the moon to blood, before the great and notable day of the Lord comes. | The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and glorious day of the Lord come. |
| Malachi 3:16 (KJV) | ||
| Then they that feared the LORD spake often one to another: and the LORD hearkened, and heard it, and a book of remembrance was written before him for them that feared the LORD, and that thought upon his name. | Then they that feared the LORD spake often one to another: and the LORD hearkened, and heard it, and a book of remembrance was written before him for them that feared the LORD, and that thought upon his name. | Then those who respected the Lord spoke to one another, and the Lord took notice. A scroll was prepared before him in which were recorded the names of those who respected the Lord and honored his name. |
| ταῦτα κατελάλησαν οἱ φοβούμενοι τὸν κύριον ἕκαστος πρὸς τὸν πλησίον αὐτοῦ καὶ προσέσχεν κύριος καὶ εἰσήκουσεν καὶ ἔγραψεν βιβλίον μνημοσύνου ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ τοῗς φοβουμένοις τὸν κύριον καὶ εὐλαβουμένοις τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ | ταῦτα κατελάλησαν οἱ φοβούμενοι τὸν Κύριον, ἕκαστος πρὸς τὸν πλησίον αὐτοῦ· καὶ προσέσχε Κύριος καὶ εἰσήκουσε καὶ ἔγραψε βιβλίον μνημοσύνου ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ τοῖς φοβουμένοις τὸν Κύριον καὶ εὐλαβουμένοις τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ |
| Those who fear the Lord spoke against these things, each to his neighbor. And the Lord took note and listened and wrote a book of remembrance before him for those who fear the Lord and reverence his name. | Thus spoke they that feared the Lord, every one to his neighbour: and the Lord gave heed, and hearkened, and he wrote a book of remembrance before him for them that feared the Lord and reverenced his name. |
| Malachi 3:17 (KJV) | ||
| And they shall be mine, saith the LORD of hosts, in that day when I make up my jewels; and I will spare them, as a man spareth his own son that serveth him. | And they shall be mine, saith the LORD of hosts, in that day when I make up my jewels; and I will spare them, as a man spareth his own son that serveth him. | “They will belong to me,” says the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, “in the day when I prepare my own special property. I will spare them as a man spares his son who serves him. |
| καὶ ἔσονταί μοι λέγει κύριος παντοκράτωρ εἰς ἡμέραν ἣν ἐγὼ ποιῶ εἰς περιποίησιν καὶ αἱρετιῶ αὐτοὺς ὃν τρόπον αἱρετίζει ἄνθρωπος τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ τὸν δουλεύοντα αὐτῷ | καὶ ἔσονταί μοι, λέγει Κύριος παντοκράτωρ, εἰς ἡμέραν, ἣν ἐγὼ ποιῶ εἰς περιποίησιν, καὶ αἱρετιῶ αὐτοὺς ὃν τρόπον αἱρετίζει ἄνθρωπος τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ τὸν δουλεύοντα αὐτῷ |
| And they shall be mine, says the Lord Almighty, in the day when I make them my acquisition, and I will choose them as a person chooses his son who is subject to him. | And they shall be mine, saith the Lord Almighty, in the day which I appoint for a peculiar possession; and I will make choice of them, as a man makes choice of his son that serves him. |
| Malachi 3:18 (KJV) | ||
| Then shall ye return, and discern between the righteous and the wicked, between him that serveth God and him that serveth him not. | Then shall ye return, and discern between the righteous and the wicked, between him that serveth God and him that serveth him not. | Then once more you will see that I make a distinction between the righteous and the wicked, between the one who serves God and the one who does not. |
| καὶ ἐπιστραφήσεσθε καὶ ὄψεσθε ἀνὰ μέσον δικαίου καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον ἀνόμου καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ δουλεύοντος θεῷ καὶ τοῦ μὴ δουλεύοντος | καὶ ἐπιστραφήσεσθε καὶ ὄψεσθε ἀναμέσον δικαίου καὶ ἀναμέσον ἀνόμου καὶ ἀναμέσον τοῦ δουλεύοντος Θεῷ καὶ τοῦ μὴ δουλεύοντος |
| And you shall turn and discern between the just and between the lawless and between the one who is subject to God and the one who is not subject. | Then shall ye return, and discern between the righteous and the wicked, and between him that serves God, and him that serves [him] not. |
| Malachi 4:1 (KJV) | ||
| For, behold, the day cometh, that shall burn as an oven; and all the proud, yea, and all that do wickedly, shall be stubble: and the day that cometh shall burn them up, saith the LORD of hosts, that it shall leave them neither root nor branch. | For, behold, the day cometh, that shall burn as an oven; and all the proud, yea, and all that do wickedly, shall be stubble: and the day that cometh shall burn them up, saith the LORD of hosts, that it shall leave them neither root nor branch. | “For indeed the day is coming, burning like a furnace, and all the arrogant evildoers will be chaff. The coming day will burn them up,” says the Lord of Heaven’s Armies. “It will not leave them even a root or branch. |
| διότι ἰδοὺ ἡμέρα κυρίου ἔρχεται καιομένη ὡς κλίβανος καὶ φλέξει αὐτούς καὶ ἔσονται πάντες οἱ ἀλλογενεῗς καὶ πάντες οἱ ποιοῦντες ἄνομα καλάμη καὶ ἀνάψει αὐτοὺς ἡ ἡμέρα ἡ ἐρχομένη λέγει κύριος παντοκράτωρ καὶ οὐ μὴ ὑπολειφθῇ ἐξ αὐτῶν ῥίζα οὐδὲ κλῆμα | ΔΙΟΤΙ ἰδοὺ ἡμέρα Κυρίου ἔρχεται καιομένη ὡς κλίβανος καὶ φλέξει αὐτούς, καὶ ἔσονται πάντες οἱ ἀλλογενεῖς καὶ πάντες οἱ ποιοῦντες ἄνομα καλάμη, καὶ ἀνάψει αὐτοὺς ἡ ἡμέρα ἡ ἐρχομένη, λέγει Κύριος παντοκράτωρ, καὶ οὐ μὴ ὑπολειφθῇ ἐξ αὐτῶν ῥίζα οὐδὲ κλῆμα |
| For behold, a day is coming, burning like an oven, and it will set them ablaze, and all the aliens and all those who do lawless things will be stubble, and the day that comes shall kindle them, says the Lord Almighty, and there shall be left of them neither root nor branch. | For, behold, a day comes burning as an oven, and it shall consume them; and all the aliens, and all that do wickedly, shall be stubble: and the day that is coming shall set them on fire, saith the Lord Almighty, and there shall not be left of them root or branch. |
| Malachi 4:2 (KJV) | ||
| But unto you that fear my name shall the Sun of righteousness arise with healing in his wings; and ye shall go forth, and grow up as calves of the stall. | But unto you that fear my name shall the Sun of righteousness arise with healing in his wings; and ye shall go forth, and grow up as calves of the stall. | But for you who respect my name, the sun of vindication will rise with healing wings, and you will skip about like calves released from the stall. |
| καὶ ἀνατελεῗ ὑμῗν τοῗς φοβουμένοις τὸ ὄνομά μου ἥλιος δικαιοσύνης καὶ ἴασις ἐν ταῗς πτέρυξιν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐξελεύσεσθε καὶ σκιρτήσετε ὡς μοσχάρια ἐκ δεσμῶν ἀνειμένα | καὶ ἀνατελεῖ ὑμῖν τοῖς φοβουμένοις τὸ ὄνομά μου ἥλιος δικαιοσύνης καὶ ἴασις ἐν ταῖς πτέρυξιν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐξελεύσεσθε καὶ σκιρτήσετε ὡς μοσχάρια ἐκ δεσμῶν ἀνειμένα |
| And for you who fear my name a sun of justice shall rise, and healing is in its wings. And you shall go out and leap like calves let loose from tethers. | But to you that fear my name shall the Sun of righteousness arise, and healing [shall be] in his wings: and ye shall go forth, and bound as young calves let loose from bonds. |
| Malachi 4:3 (KJV) | ||
| And ye shall tread down the wicked; for they shall be ashes under the soles of your feet in the day that I shall do this, saith the LORD of hosts. | And ye shall tread down the wicked; for they shall be ashes under the soles of your feet in the day that I shall do this, saith the LORD of hosts. | You will trample on the wicked, for they will be like ashes under the soles of your feet on the day that I am preparing,” says the Lord of Heaven’s Armies. |
| καὶ καταπατήσετε ἀνόμους διότι ἔσονται σποδὸς ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν ὑμῶν ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ᾗ ἐγὼ ποιῶ λέγει κύριος παντοκράτωρ | καὶ καταπατήσετε ἀνόμους, διότι ἔσονται σποδὸς ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν ὑμῶν ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ, ᾗ ἐγὼ ποιῶ, λέγει Κύριος παντοκράτωρ |
| And you shall tread down the lawless, for they will be ashes under your feet, on the day when I act, says the Lord Almighty. | And ye shall trample the wicked; for they shall be ashes underneath your feet in the day which I appoint, saith the Lord Almighty. |
| Malachi 4:5 (KJV) | ||
| Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and dreadful day of the LORD: | Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and dreadful day of the LORD: | Look, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the great and terrible day of the Lord arrives. |
| καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἀποστέλλω ὑμῗν Ηλιαν τὸν Θεσβίτην πρὶν ἐλθεῗν ἡμέραν κυρίου τὴν μεγάλην καὶ ἐπιφανῆ | καὶ ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἀποστελῶ ὑμῖν ᾿Ηλίαν τὸν Θεσβίτην, πρὶν ἢ ἐλθεῖν τὴν ἡμέραν Κυρίου τὴν μεγάλην καὶ ἐπιφανῆ |
| And behold I am sending to you Elias the Thesbite before the great and notable day of the Lord comes, | And, behold, I will send to you Elias the Thesbite, before the great and glorious day of the Lord comes; |
| Malachi 4:6 (KJV) | ||
| And he shall turn the heart of the fathers to the children, and the heart of the children to their fathers, lest I come and smite the earth with a curse. | And he shall turn the heart of the fathers to the children, and the heart of the children to their fathers; lest I come and smite the earth with a curse. | He will encourage fathers and their children to return to me, so that I will not come and strike the earth with judgment.” |
| ὃς ἀποκαταστήσει καρδίαν πατρὸς πρὸς υἱὸν καὶ καρδίαν ἀνθρώπου πρὸς τὸν πλησίον αὐτοῦ μὴ ἔλθω καὶ πατάξω τὴν γῆν ἄρδην | ὃς ἀποκαταστήσει καρδίαν πατρὸς πρὸς υἱὸν καὶ καρδίαν ἀνθρώπου πρὸς τὸν πλησίον αὐτοῦ, μὴ ἐλθὼν πατάξω τὴν γῆν ἄρδην |
| who will restore the heart of the father to the son and the heart of a person to his neighbor so that I will not come and utterly strike the land. | who shall turn again the heart of the father to the son, and the heart of a man to his neighbour, lest I come and smite the earth grievously. |
| Malachi 4:4 (KJV) | ||
| Remember ye the law of Moses my servant, which I commanded unto him in Horeb for all Israel, with the statutes and judgments. | Remember ye the law of Moses my servant, which I commanded unto him in Horeb for all Israel, with the statutes and judgments. | “Remember the law of my servant Moses, to whom at Horeb I gave rules and regulations for all Israel to obey. |
| μνήσθητε νόμου Μωυσῆ τοῦ δούλου μου καθότι ἐνετειλάμην αὐτῷ ἐν Χωρηβ πρὸς πάντα τὸν Ισραηλ προστάγματα καὶ δικαιώματα | μνήσθητι νόμου Μωσῆ τοῦ δούλου μου, καθότι ἐνετειλάμην αὐτῷ ἐν Χωρὴβ πρὸς πάντα τὸν ᾿Ισραὴλ προστάγματα καὶ δικαιώματα |
| Remember the law of Moyses my slave, as I commanded him at Choreb with ordinances and statutes for all Israel. | Remember the law of my servant Moses, accordingly as I charged him [with it] in Choreb for all Israel, [even] the commandments and ordinances. |
| Joel 2:32 (KJV) | ||
| And it shall come to pass, that whosoever shall call on the name of HaShem shall be delivered; for in mount Zion and in Jerusalem there shall be those that escape, as HaShem hath said, and among the remnant those whom HaShem shall call. | And it shall come to pass, that whosoever shall call on the name of the LORD shall be delivered: for in mount Zion and in Jerusalem shall be deliverance, as the LORD hath said, and in the remnant whom the LORD shall call. | It will so happen that everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be delivered. For on Mount Zion and in Jerusalem there will be those who survive, just as the Lord has promised; the remnant will be those whom the Lord will call. |
| καὶ ἔσται πᾶς ὃς ἂν ἐπικαλέσηται τὸ ὄνομα κυρίου σωθήσεται ὅτι ἐν τῷ ὄρει Σιων καὶ ἐν Ιερουσαλημ ἔσται ἀνασῳζόμενος καθότι εἶπεν κύριος καὶ εὐαγγελιζόμενοι οὓς κύριος προσκέκληται | καὶ ἔσται, πᾶς, ὃς ἂν ἐπικαλέσηται τὸ ὄνομα Κυρίου, σωθήσεται· ὅτι ἐν τῷ ὄρει Σιὼν καὶ ἐν ῾Ιερουσαλὴμ ἔσται ἀνασῳζόμενος, καθότι εἶπε Κύριος, καὶ εὐαγγελιζόμενοι, οὓς Κύριος προσκέκληται |
| And it shall be, everyone who calls on the name of the Lord shall be saved, because in Mount Sion and in Ierousalem there shall be one who escapes, as the Lord has said, and people who have good news announced to them, whom the Lord has called. | And it shall come to pass [that] whosoever shall call on the name of the Lord shall be saved: for in mount Sion and in Jerusalem shall the saved one be as the Lord has said, and they that have glad tidings preached to them, whom the Lord has called. |
|
Matthew 27:45 (KJV) |
|
| Now from noon until three, darkness came over all the land. | Now from the sixth hour there was darkness over all the land unto the ninth hour. |
| Stephanus Textus Receptus | ||
| Ἀπὸ δὲ ἕκτης ὥρας σκότος ἐγένετο ἐπὶ πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν ἕως ὥρας ἐνάτης | απο δε εκτης ωρας σκοτος εγενετο επι πασαν την γην εως ωρας εννατης | απο δε εκτης ωρας σκοτος εγενετο επι πασαν την γην εως ωρας ενατης |
|
Mark 15:33 (KJV) |
|
| Now when it was noon, darkness came over the whole land until three in the afternoon. | And when the sixth hour was come, there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour. |
| Stephanus Textus Receptus | ||
| Καὶ γενομένης ὥρας ἕκτης σκότος ἐγένετο ἐφ᾿ ὅλην τὴν γῆν ἕως ὥρας ἐνάτης | γενομενης δε ωρας εκτης σκοτος εγενετο εφ ολην την γην εως ωρας εννατης | γενομενης δε ωρας εκτης σκοτος εγενετο εφ ολην την γην εως ωρας ενατης |
|
Luke 23:44, 45 (KJV) |
|
| It was now about noon, and darkness came over the whole land until three in the afternoon, | And it was about the sixth hour, and there was a darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour. |
| Stephanus Textus Receptus | ||
| Καὶ ἦν ἤδη ὡσεὶ ὥρα ἕκτη καὶ σκότος ἐγένετο ἐφ᾿ ὅλην τὴν γῆν ἕως ὥρας ἐνάτης | ην δε ωσει ωρα εκτη και σκοτος εγενετο εφ ολην την γην εως ωρας εννατης | ην δε ωσει ωρα εκτη και σκοτος εγενετο εφ ολην την γην εως ωρας ενατης |
| because the sun’s light failed. The temple curtain was torn in two. | And the sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst. |
| Stephanus Textus Receptus | ||
| τοῦ ἡλίου |ἐκλιπόντος|, ἐσχίσθη δὲ τὸ καταπέτασμα τοῦ ναοῦ μέσον | και εσκοτισθη ο ηλιος και εσχισθη το καταπετασμα του ναου μεσον | και εσκοτισθη ο ηλιος και εσχισθη το καταπετασμα του ναου μεσον |
|
2 Peter 3:7 (KJV) |
|
| But by the same word the present heavens and earth have been reserved for fire, by being kept for the day of judgment and destruction of the ungodly. | But the heavens and the earth, which are now, by the same word are kept in store, reserved unto fire against the day of judgment and perdition of ungodly men. |
| Stephanus Textus Receptus | ||
| οἱ δὲ νῦν οὐρανοὶ καὶ ἡ γῆ τῷ αὐτῷ λόγῳ τεθησαυρισμένοι εἰσὶν πυρί τηρούμενοι εἰς ἡμέραν κρίσεως καὶ ἀπωλείας τῶν ἀσεβῶν ἀνθρώπων | οι δε νυν ουρανοι και η γη αυτου λογω τεθησαυρισμενοι εισιν πυρι τηρουμενοι εις ημεραν κρισεως και απωλειας των ασεβων ανθρωπων | οι δε νυν ουρανοι και η γη τω αυτου λογω τεθησαυρισμενοι εισιν πυρι τηρουμενοι εις ημεραν κρισεως και απωλειας των ασεβων ανθρωπων |
|
2 Peter 3:10, 11 (KJV) |
|
| But the day of the Lord will come like a thief; when it comes, the heavens will disappear with a horrific noise, and the celestial bodies will melt away in a blaze, and the earth and every deed done on it will be laid bare. | But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night; in the which the heavens shall pass away with a great noise, and the elements shall melt with fervent heat, the earth also and the works that are therein shall be burned up. |
| Stephanus Textus Receptus | ||
| ῞Ηξει δὲ ἡμέρα κυρίου ὡς κλέπτης, ἐν ᾗ οἱ οὐρανοὶ ροιζηδὸν παρελεύσονται στοιχεῖα δὲ καυσούμενα λυθήσεται καὶ γῆ καὶ τὰ ἐν αὐτῇ ἔργα εὑρεθήσεται | ηξει δε η ημερα κυριου ως κλεπτης εν νυκτι εν η οι ουρανοι ροιζηδον παρελευσονται στοιχεια δε καυσουμενα λυθησονται και γη και τα εν αυτη εργα κατακαησεται | ηξει δε η ημερα κυριου ως κλεπτης εν νυκτι εν η οι ουρανοι ροιζηδον παρελευσονται στοιχεια δε καυσουμενα λυθησονται και γη και τα εν αυτη εργα κατακαησεται |
| Since all these things are to melt away in this manner, what sort of people must you be, conducting your lives in holiness and godliness, | Seeing then that all these things shall be dissolved, what manner of persons ought ye to be in all holy conversation and godliness, |
| Stephanus Textus Receptus | ||
| Τούτων οὕτως πάντων λυομένων ποταποὺς δεῖ ὑπάρχειν ἐν ἁγίαις ἀναστροφαῖς καὶ εὐσεβείαις | τουτων ουν παντων λυομενων ποταπους δει υπαρχειν υμας εν αγιαις αναστροφαις και ευσεβειαις | τουτων ουν παντων λυομενων ποταπους δει υπαρχειν υμας εν αγιαις αναστροφαις και ευσεβειαις |
[1] The NET parallel Greek text, NA28 and Byzantine Majority Text had ἐνάτης here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus had the alternate spelling: εννατης (KJV: ninth).
[3] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had Καὶ here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had δε (KJV: And).
[4] The NET parallel Greek text, NA28 and Byzantine Majority Text had ἐνάτης here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus had the alternate spelling: εννατης (KJV: ninth).
[6] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had Καὶ (not translated in the NET) at the beginning of this clause, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had δε (KJV: And).
[7] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had ἤδη here. The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text did not.
[8] The NET parallel Greek text, NA28 and Byzantine Majority Text had ἐνάτης here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus had the alternate spelling: εννατης (KJV: ninth).
[9] The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had και at the beginning of this clause. The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 did not.
[10] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had τοῦ ἡλίου in the genitive case here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ο ηλιος (KJV: the sun) in the nominative case.
[11] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had ἐκλιπόντος here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had εσκοτισθη (KJV: was darkened).
[12] There are two additional occurrences of ἐπιφανῆ in the Maccabees: 2 Maccabees 15:34 and 3 Maccabees 5:35.
[13] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had τῷ αὐτῷ here, where the Byzantine Majority Text had τῷ αυτου and the Stephanus Textus Receptus had simply αυτου.
[15] The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had εν νυκτι (KJV: in the night) here. The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 did not.
[16] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had λυθήσεται here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had λυθησονται (KJV: shall melt).
[17] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had εὑρεθήσεται here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had κατακαησεται (KJV: shall be burned up).
[18] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had οὕτως here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ουν (KJV: Seeing then).
[19] The Stephanus Textus Receptus, Byzantine Majority Text and NA28 had υμας here. The NET parallel Greek text did not.
[22] For Christ is the end of the law, with the result that there is righteousness for everyone who believes (Romans 10:4 NET). For no one is declared righteous before him by the works of the law, for through the law comes the knowledge of sin (Romans 3:20 NET).
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