αὐτοῦ and ἑαυτοῦ, Part 1

Posted on January 26, 2024 by admin

In another essay I understood τὴν παρθένον αὐτοῦ (ESV: his betrothed)¹ differently from τὴν ἑαυτοῦ παρθένον (ESV: her as his betrothed and his betrothed).² My decision was based primarily on Paul’s argument, but it isn’t the customary way these phrases have been translated into English. I want to do a survey of the occurrences of αὐτοῦ and ἑαυτοῦ in the New Testament, particularly when associated with an article and noun in the accusative case.

According to the Englishman’s Concordance on Bible Hub there are 1,428 occurrences of αὐτοῦ and 47 occurrences of ἑαυτοῦ [see Table below]. If I’ve counted and recognized the accusative case correctly, there are only 21 occurrences of ἑαυτοῦ flanked by an article and a noun in the accusative case [see Table below].

Matthew

With the caveats above regarding counting and my ability to recognize the accusative case in Greek, I found 267 occurrences of αὐτοῦ in the Gospel of Matthew. Only 90 of them were associated with an accusative phrase. There were 2 occurrences of ἑαυτοῦ, but neither were associated with an accusative phrase. In most occurrences αὐτοῦ followed the accusative phrase. There were 4 exceptions:

In Matthew 2:2 his star (ESV) was αὐτοῦ τὸν ἀστέρα. In Matthew 7:24 and 7:26 his house (ESV) was αὐτοῦ τὴν οἰκίαν. And in Matthew 26:51 his ear (ESV) was αὐτοῦ τὸ ὠτίον.

In 7 occurrences αὐτοῦ wasn’t translated (i.e., his usually) in the ESV: Matthew 3:4 εἶχεν τὸ ἔνδυμα αὐτοῦ was wore a garment. In Matthew 9:7 ἀπῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ was and went home. In Matthew 9:16 τὸ πλήρωμα αὐτοῦ was the patch. In Matthew 22:24 τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ was the widow. In Matthew 24:51 καὶ τὸ μέρος αὐτοῦ μετὰ τῶν ὑποκριτῶν θήσει was …and put him with the hypocrites. In that place… In Matthew 27:30 τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ was the head. And in Matthew 27:37 ἐπέθηκαν ἐπάνω τῆς κεφαλῆς αὐτοῦ τὴν αἰτίαν αὐτοῦ was translated over his head they put the charge against him.

There were no occurrences of παρθένον in Matthew, so I latched onto τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ as a proxy. The phrase was translated his wife (ESV) in Matthew 1:24, 5:31, 5:32 [Table], 19:9 [Table] and 22:25. It was translated one’s wife (ESV) in Matthew 19:3 [Table] and (as mentioned above) the widow (ESV) in Matthew 22:24.

Both occurrences of ἑαυτοῦ are found in Jesus’ description of a wandering unclean spirit (Matthew 12:43-45 ESV):

When the unclean spirit has gone out of a person, it passes through waterless places seeking rest, but finds none. Then it says, ‘I will return to my house from which I came.’ And when it comes, it finds the house empty, swept, and put in order. Then it goes and brings with it (ἑαυτοῦ) seven other spirits more evil than itself (ἑαυτοῦ), and they enter and dwell there, and the last state of that person is worse than the first. So also will it be with this evil generation.

Here ἑαυτοῦ was translated it (KJV: himself) and itself (KJV: himself), rather than his own like most occurrences of ἑαυτοῦ associated with an accusative phrase [see Table below]. As a matter of interest, τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ in Matthew 27:31 was translated his own clothes (ESV).

Mark

I found 163 occurrences of αὐτοῦ in the Gospel of Mark. Only 46 of them were associated with an accusative phrase. There were no occurrences of ἑαυτοῦ. In most occurrences αὐτοῦ followed the accusative phrase. There were 4 exceptions:

In Mark 7:19 his heart (ESV) was αὐτοῦ εἰς τὴν καρδίαν. In Mark 14:47 his ear (ESV) was αὐτοῦ τὸ ὠτάριον. In Mark 14:65 his face (ESV) was αὐτοῦ τὸ πρόσωπον. And in Mark 15:19 his head (ESV) was αὐτοῦ τὴν κεφαλὴν.

Only 1 occurrence of αὐτοῦ wasn’t translated (i.e., his usually) in the ESV: Mark 13:34 ἀφεὶς τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ was when he leaves home. There were no occurrences of παρθένον in Mark, so again I used τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ as a proxy. The phrase was translated his wife (ESV) in Mark 10:11.

Luke

I found 249 occurrences of αὐτοῦ in the Gospel of Luke. Only 72 of them were associated with an accusative phrase. In all of those occurrences αὐτοῦ followed the accusative phrase. There were 5 occurrences where αὐτοῦ was not translated (i.e., his usually) in the ESV:

In Luke 1:58 ὅτι ἐμεγάλυνεν κύριος τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ μετ᾿ αὐτῆς was that the Lord had shown great mercy to her. In Luke 2:21 καὶ ἐκλήθη τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ἰησοῦς was he was called Jesus. In Luke 5:25 ἀπῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ δοξάζων τὸν θεόν was and went home, glorifying God. In Luke 12:46 καὶ τὸ μέρος αὐτοῦ μετὰ τῶν ἀπίστων θήσει was and put him with the unfaithful. And in Luke 15:20 καὶ δραμὼν ἐπέπεσεν ἐπὶ τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ was translated and ran and embraced him.

There were 12 occurrences of ἑαυτοῦ, 7 of which were associated with an accusative phrase [see Table below]. The first occurrence follows (Luke 2:1, 3-5 ESV).

In those days a decree went out from Caesar Augustus that all the world should be registered…And all went to be registered, each to his own³ (ἑαυτοῦ) town. And Joseph also went up from Galilee, from the town of Nazareth,⁴ to Judea, to the city of David,⁵ which is called Bethlehem, because he was of the house and lineage of David,⁶ to be registered with Mary, his betrothed⁷ (τῇ ἐμνηστευμένῃ αὐτῷ), who was with child.

Here, the Greek word translated his own was ἑαυτοῦ (NET Parallel Greek and NA²⁸) or ιδιαν (Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text). It is fairly clear why Luke chose τὴν ἑαυτοῦ πόλιν (or, την ιδιαν πολιν) rather than τὴν πόλιν αὐτοῦ. The latter implies current residence, i.e., the town of Nazareth. The words ἑαυτοῦ or ιδιαν alert the reader that Joseph had a different relationship to this particular town: because [Joseph] was of the house and lineage of David he went to be registered to the city of David, which is called Bethlehem.

The next occurrence is similar, though more subtle (Luke 11:21, 22 ESV).

When a strong man, fully armed, guards his own (ἑαυτοῦ) palace, his goods are safe; but when one stronger than he attacks him and overcomes him, he takes away his armor in which he trusted and divides his spoil [Table].

Here again, the Greek word translated his own was ἑαυτοῦ: his goods (τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτοῦ) are safe When a strong man, fully armed, guards his own palace (τὴν ἑαυτοῦ αὐλήν). Why did Luke choose τὴν ἑαυτοῦ αὐλήν rather than τὴν αὐλήν αὐτοῦ? Matthew and Mark chose τὴν οἰκίαν τοῦ ἰσχυροῦ (a strong man’s house)⁸ until someone bound the strongman. Then it became τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ (his house).⁹

I think Luke’s choice highlights that his palace, before it was taken from him, was not merely the current residence of the strong man, but in some sense it shared his identity, like Joseph’s relationship to Bethlehem. It was “the of himself palace” or “the palace of himself” in ways that his goods (τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτοῦ), his armor (τὴν πανοπλίαν αὐτοῦ) and his spoil (τὰ σκῦλα αὐτοῦ) were not.

This is borne out in the next occurrence, where ἑαυτοῦ, when not part of an accusative phrase, is simply “oneself” in the genitive case (Luke 11:26 ESV):

Then [the unclean spirit]¹⁰ goes and brings seven other spirits more evil than itself (ἑαυτοῦ), and they enter¹¹ and dwell there. And the last state of that person is worse than the first.

The next occurrence of ἑαυτοῦ was a little more difficult to grasp (Luke 13:18, 19 ESV):

He said therefore,¹² “What is the kingdom of God like? And to what shall I compare it? It is like a grain of mustard seed that a man took and sowed in his (ἑαυτοῦ) garden, and it grew and became a tree,¹³ and the birds of the air made nests in its branches.”

The Greek words translated his garden were κῆπον ἑαυτοῦ: literally, “garden of himself.” Neither Matthew’s nor Mark’s Gospel account seemed particularly helpful at first (Matthew 13:31, 32 ESV):

He put another parable before them, saying, “The kingdom of heaven is like a grain of mustard seed that a man took and sowed in his field. It is the smallest of all seeds, but when it has grown it is larger than all the garden plants (τῶν λαχάνων) and becomes a tree, so that the birds of the air come and make nests in its branches.”

In Matthew’s account Jesus’ parable described ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν (The kingdom of heaven; literally, heavens) rather than ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ (the kingdom of God). He wrote of a man who ἔσπειρεν ἐν τῷ ἀγρῷ αὐτοῦ (sowed in his field) rather than ἔβαλεν εἰς κῆπον ἑαυτοῦ (sowed in his garden). Am I straining gnats, I wondered, trying to distinguish between two interchangeable words: αὐτοῦ and ἑαυτοῦ?

Mark wrote (Mark 4:30-32 ESV):

And he said, “With what¹⁴ can we compare the kingdom of God, or what¹⁵ parable shall we use¹⁶ for it? It is like a grain of mustard seed, which, when sown on the ground, is the smallest¹⁷ of all the seeds¹⁸ on earth, yet when it is sown it grows up and becomes larger than all the garden plants (τῶν λαχάνων) and puts out large branches, so that the birds of the air can make nests in its shade.”

In Mark’s account there was no mention of a man or a garden beyond τῶν λαχάνων (ESV: the garden plants), just a general description of an event: ὃς ὅταν σπαρῇ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς (ESV: which, when sown on the ground). He (and Matthew, for that matter) seemed more focused on the contrast of a tiny seed to a tree with large branches. Of course, I began to take that contrast more personally than I recall before, puzzling over Luke’s man who sowed that tiny seed in the “garden of himself.”

“If you’re really out there, I really want to know you,”¹⁹ was a tiny seed. I voiced the words in prayer, but they didn’t originate with me. I had no clue I was asking for eternal life as Jesus understood it. Even as that tiny seed began to grow into an insatiable appetite for the Bible, even as I labored to set the Gospels to music, I was too dull-witted to make the connection. Only when I sang the words for a more literate friend, and he commented on them,²⁰ did I begin to understand—this is eternal life, that they know you, the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom you have sent²¹—as Jesus’ definition of eternal life.

Over the past forty-five years that knowledge of the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom [He has] sent has grown considerably. From time to time I get a flash of the whole, but that vision is too immense for me to hold on to for very long. Most of the time I wander around in Him as He leads me through the Bible, focusing on details like why Luke used ἑαυτοῦ rather than αὐτοῦ, marveling at the connections that are made, like so many branches of a tree: for “‘In him we live and move and have our being.’”²²

Jesus seemed distressed when Philip said to him, “Lord, show us the Father, and it is enough for us” (John 14:8-11 ESV).

Jesus said to him, “Have I been with you so long,²³ and you still do not know me, Philip? Whoever has seen me has seen the Father. How²⁴ can you say, ‘Show us the Father’? Do you not believe that I am in the Father and the Father is in me? The words that I say to you I do not speak on my own authority, but the Father who dwells in me does his works [Table]. Believe me that I am in the Father and the Father is in me, or else believe²⁵ on account of the works themselves.

So, Luke’s choice of the word ἑαυτοῦ refocused my attention. Jesus wasn’t talking about mustard seeds, or fields, or trees, or even nesting birds specifically, but the kingdom of God (or the kingdom of heaven). Even more to the point, He described that kingdom’s formation and growth from a tiny seed within an individual: εἰς κῆπον ἑαυτοῦ: literally, “into [the] garden of himself.”

Though, I’m skipping ahead a bit, Paul chose ἑαυτοῦ to describe God’s kingdom (1 Thessalonians 2:11, 12 ESV):

For you know how, like a father with his (ἑαυτοῦ) children, we exhorted each one of you and encouraged you and charged you to walk in a manner worthy of God, who calls you into his own (ἑαυτοῦ) kingdom and glory [Table].

The Greek words translated into his own kingdom were εἰς τὴν ἑαυτοῦ βασιλείαν, literally, “into the of himself kingdom” or “into the kingdom of himself.” Abide in me, and I in you, Jesus said. As the branch cannot bear fruit by itself, unless it abides in the vine, neither can you, unless you abide in me.²⁶ And He promised (John 15:7, 8 ESV):

If you abide in me, and my words abide in you, ask whatever you wish, and it will be done for you. By this my Father is glorified, that you bear much fruit and so prove to be my disciples [Table].

And Paul wrote (2 Corinthians 5:16-21 ESV):

From now on, therefore, we regard no one according to the flesh. Even though²⁷ we once regarded Christ according to the flesh, we regard him thus no longer. Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation. The old has passed away; behold, the new has come [Table]. All this is from God, who through Christ reconciled us to himself and gave us the ministry of reconciliation [Table]; that is, in Christ God was reconciling the world to himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and entrusting to us the message of reconciliation. Therefore, we are ambassadors for Christ, God making his appeal through us. We implore you on behalf of Christ, be reconciled to God. For our sake he made him to be sin who knew no sin, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God [Table].

The Greek verb translated we might become was γενώμεθα, a form of γίνομαι in the subjunctive mood:

The subjunctive mood indicates probability or objective possibility. The action of the verb will possibly happen, depending on certain objective factors or circumstances. It is oftentimes used in conditional statements (i.e. ‘If…then…’ clauses) or in purpose clauses. However if the subjunctive mood is used in a purpose or result clause, then the action should not be thought of as a possible result, but should be viewed as a definite outcome that will happen as a result of another stated action.

The Greek conjunction translated so that was ἵνα. This is a purpose clause and “should be viewed as a definite outcome that will happen.” The most important words effecting that outcome are ἐν αὐτῷ, in him: not on our own or by our own efforts, not apart from Him, but in Him. Abiding, remaining, staying in Him causes the seed of his word to grow into the kingdom of God in the garden of ourselves.

I’ll continue with this in another essay. The tables mentioned above follow.

	αὐτοῦ Occurrences		ἑαυτοῦ Occurrences
	Total	Accusative Phrase	Total	Accusative Phrase
New Testament	1428	136	47	21
Matthew	267	90	2	0
Mark	163	46	0	0
Luke	249	72	12	6

Occurrences of αὐτοῦ preceding or following a phrase in the accusative case in Matthew
Reference	NET Parallel Greek	ESV
Matthew 1:2	τὸν Ἰούδαν καὶ τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοῦ	Judah and his brothers
Matthew 1:11	τὸν Ἰεχονίαν καὶ τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοῦ	Jechoniah and his brothers
Matthew 1:21	καλέσεις τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ἰησοῦν	you shall call his name Jesus
Matthew 1:21	αὐτὸς γὰρ σώσει τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν αὐτῶν	for he will save his people from their sins
Matthew 1:23	καλέσουσιν τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ἐμμανουήλ	they shall call his name Immanuel
Matthew 1:24	παρέλαβεν τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ	he took his wife
Matthew 1:25	ἐκάλεσεν τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ἰησοῦν	he called his name Jesus
Matthew 2:2	εἴδομεν γὰρ αὐτοῦ τὸν ἀστέρα	For we saw his star
Matthew 2:13	παράλαβε τὸ παιδίον καὶ τὴν μητέρα αὐτοῦ	take the child and his mother
Matthew 2:14	παρέλαβεν τὸ παιδίον καὶ τὴν μητέρα αὐτοῦ	took the child and his mother
Matthew 2:20	παράλαβε τὸ παιδίον καὶ τὴν μητέρα αὐτοῦ	take the child and his mother
Matthew 2:21	παρέλαβεν τὸ παιδίον καὶ τὴν μητέρα αὐτοῦ	took the child and his mother
Matthew 3:3	εὐθείας ποιεῖτε τὰς τρίβους αὐτοῦ	make his paths straight
Matthew 3:4	ὁ Ἰωάννης εἶχεν τὸ ἔνδυμα αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ τριχῶν καμήλου	John wore a garment of camel’s hair
Matthew 3:4	καὶ ζώνην δερματίνην περὶ τὴν ὀσφὺν αὐτοῦ	and a leather belt around his waist
Matthew 3:7	ἰδὼν δὲ πολλοὺς τῶν Φαρισαίων καὶ Σαδδουκαίων ἐρχομένους ἐπὶ τὸ βάπτισμα \|αὐτοῦ\|	But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming to his baptism
Matthew 3:12	καὶ διακαθαριεῖ τὴν ἅλωνα αὐτοῦ	and he will clear his threshing floor
Matthew 3:12	καὶ συνάξει τὸν σῖτον αὐτοῦ	and gather his wheat
Matthew 4:18	καὶ Ἀνδρέαν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ	and Andrew his brother
Matthew 4:21	καὶ Ἰωάννην τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ	and John his brother
Matthew 5:2	καὶ ἀνοίξας τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ	And he opened his mouth
Matthew 5:31	ὃς ἂν ἀπολύσῃ τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ	Whoever divorces his wife
Matthew 5:32	πᾶς ὁ ἀπολύων τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ	everyone who divorces his wife
Matthew 5:45	ὅτι τὸν ἥλιον αὐτοῦ ἀνατέλλει ἐπὶ πονηροὺς	For he makes his sun rise on the evil
Matthew 6:27	προσθεῖναι ἐπὶ τὴν ἡλικίαν αὐτοῦ πῆχυν ἕνα	add a single hour to his span of life
Matthew 6:33	καὶ τὴν δικαιοσύνην αὐτοῦ	and his righteousness
Matthew 7:24	ὅστις ᾠκοδόμησεν αὐτοῦ τὴν οἰκίαν ἐπὶ τὴν πέτραν	who built his house on the rock
Matthew 7:26	ὅστις ᾠκοδόμησεν αὐτοῦ τὴν οἰκίαν ἐπὶ τὴν ἄμμον	who built his house on the sand
Matthew 8:14	εἶδεν τὴν πενθερὰν αὐτοῦ βεβλημένην καὶ πυρέσσουσαν	he saw his mother-in-law lying sick with a fever.
Matthew 9:7	ἐγερθεὶς ἀπῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ	he rose and went home.
Matthew 9:16	αἴρει γὰρ τὸ πλήρωμα αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἱματίου	for the patch tears away from the garment
Matthew 9:38	ἐκβάλῃ ἐργάτας εἰς τὸν θερισμὸν αὐτοῦ	to send out laborers into his harvest
Matthew 10:24	οὐδὲ δοῦλος ὑπὲρ τὸν κύριον αὐτοῦ	nor a servant above his master
Matthew 10:38	ὃς οὐ λαμβάνει τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ	whoever does not take his cross
Matthew 10:39	ὁ εὑρὼν τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ἀπολέσει αὐτήν	Whoever finds his life will lose it
Matthew 10:39	ὁ ἀπολέσας τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ εὑρήσει αὐτήν	whoever loses his life for my sake will find it.
Matthew 10:42	οὐ μὴ ἀπολέσῃ τὸν μισθὸν αὐτοῦ	he will by no means lose his reward.
Matthew 12:19	οὐδὲ ἀκούσει τις ἐν ταῖς πλατείαις τὴν φωνὴν αὐτοῦ	nor will anyone hear his voice in the streets
Matthew 12:29	καὶ τὰ σκεύη αὐτοῦ ἁρπάσαι	and plunder his goods
Matthew 12:29	καὶ τότε τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ διαρπάσει	Then indeed he may plunder his house.
Matthew 12:33	Ἢ ποιήσατε τὸ δένδρον καλὸν καὶ τὸν καρπὸν αὐτοῦ καλόν	Either make the tree good and its fruit good
Matthew 12:33	ἢ ποιήσατε τὸ δένδρον σαπρὸν καὶ τὸν καρπὸν αὐτοῦ σαπρόν	or make the tree bad and its fruit bad
Matthew 12:49	καὶ ἐκτείνας τὴν χεῖρα \|αὐτοῦ\|	And stretching out his hand
Matthew 12:49	ἐπὶ τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ εἶπεν	toward his disciples, he said
Matthew 13:41	ἀποστελεῖ ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου τοὺς ἀγγέλους αὐτοῦ	The Son of Man will send his angels
Matthew 13:54	καὶ ἐλθὼν εἰς τὴν πατρίδα αὐτοῦ	and coming to his hometown
Matthew 15:6	οὐ μὴ τιμήσει τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ	he need not honor his father
Matthew 15:32	Ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς προσκαλεσάμενος τοὺς μαθητὰς (NA²⁸: Ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς προσκαλεσάμενος τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ)	Then Jesus called his disciples to him
Matthew 16:13	ἠρώτα τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ	he asked his disciples
Matthew 16:24	ἀράτω τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ	take up his cross
Matthew 16:25	ὃς γὰρ ἐὰν θέλῃ τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ σῶσαι ἀπολέσει αὐτήν	For whoever would save his life will lose it
Matthew 16:25	ὃς δ᾿ ἂν ἀπολέσῃ τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ εὑρήσει αὐτήν	but whoever loses his life for my sake will find it
Matthew 16:27	καὶ τότε ἀποδώσει ἑκάστῳ κατὰ τὴν πρᾶξιν αὐτοῦ	and then he will repay each person according to what he has done
Matthew 17:1	καὶ Ἰωάννην τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ	and John his brother
Matthew 17:27	καὶ ἀνοίξας τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ	and when you open its mouth
Matthew 18:6	συμφέρει αὐτῷ ἵνα κρεμασθῇ μύλος ὀνικὸς περὶ τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ	it would be better for him to have a great millstone fastened around his neck
Matthew 19:3	εἰ ἔξεστιν ἀπολῦσαι τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ	Is it lawful to divorce one’s wife
Matthew 19:9	ὃς ἂν ἀπολύσῃ τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ	whoever divorces his wife
Matthew 20:1	μισθώσασθαι ἐργάτας εἰς τὸν ἀμπελῶνα αὐτοῦ	to hire laborers for his vineyard
Matthew 20:2	ἀπέστειλεν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὸν ἀμπελῶνα αὐτοῦ	he sent them into his vineyard.
Matthew 20:28	καὶ δοῦναι τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ	and to give his life
Matthew 21:34	ἀπέστειλεν τοὺς δούλους αὐτοῦ	he sent his servants
Matthew 21:34	λαβεῖν τοὺς καρποὺς αὐτοῦ	to get his fruit
Matthew 21:35	καὶ λαβόντες οἱ γεωργοὶ τοὺς δούλους αὐτοῦ	And the tenants took his servants
Matthew 21:37	ὕστερον δὲ ἀπέστειλεν πρὸς αὐτοὺς τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ	Finally he sent his son to them
Matthew 21:38	καὶ σχῶμεν τὴν κληρονομίαν αὐτοῦ	and have his inheritance
Matthew 21:45	Καὶ ἀκούσαντες οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ οἱ Φαρισαῖοι τὰς παραβολὰς αὐτοῦ	When the chief priests and the Pharisees heard his parables
Matthew 22:3	καὶ ἀπέστειλεν τοὺς δούλους αὐτοῦ	and sent his servants
Matthew 22:5	ὃς δὲ ἐπὶ τὴν ἐμπορίαν αὐτοῦ	another to his business
Matthew 22:6	οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ κρατήσαντες τοὺς δούλους αὐτοῦ	while the rest seized his servants
Matthew 22:7	καὶ πέμψας τὰ στρατεύματα αὐτοῦ	and he sent his troops
Matthew 22:24	ἐπιγαμβρεύσει ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ	his brother must marry the widow
Matthew 22:25	ἀφῆκεν τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ	left his wife to his brother
Matthew 24:18	ἆραι τὸ ἱμάτιον αὐτοῦ	to take his cloak
Matthew 24:31	καὶ ἀποστελεῖ τοὺς ἀγγέλους αὐτοῦ	And he will send out his angels
Matthew 24:31	καὶ ἐπισυνάξουσιν τοὺς ἐκλεκτοὺς αὐτοῦ	and they will gather his elect
Matthew 24:43	καὶ οὐκ ἂν εἴασεν διορυχθῆναι τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ	and would not have let his house be broken into
Matthew 24:49	καὶ ἄρξηται τύπτειν τοὺς συνδούλους αὐτοῦ	and begins to beat his fellow servants
Matthew 24:51	καὶ τὸ μέρος αὐτοῦ μετὰ τῶν ὑποκριτ	…and put him with the hypocrites. In that place…
Matthew 25:14	καὶ παρέδωκεν αὐτοῖς τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτοῦ	and entrusted to them his property
Matthew 26:51	ἐκτείνας τὴν χεῖρα ἀπέσπασεν τὴν μάχαιραν αὐτοῦ	stretched out his hand and drew his sword
Matthew 26:51	ἀφεῖλεν αὐτοῦ τὸ ὠτίον	and cut off his ear
Matthew 26:65	τότε ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς διέρρηξεν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ	Then the high priest tore his robes
Matthew 26:67	Τότε ἐνέπτυσαν εἰς τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ	Then they spit in his face
Matthew 27:30	καὶ ἔτυπτον εἰς τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ	and struck him on the head
Matthew 27:31	καὶ ἐνέδυσαν αὐτὸν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ	and put his own clothes on him
Matthew 27:32	ἵνα ἄρῃ τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ	to carry his cross
Matthew 27:35	διεμερίσαντο τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ	they divided his garments
Matthew 27:37	ἐπέθηκαν ἐπάνω τῆς κεφαλῆς αὐτοῦ τὴν αἰτίαν αὐτοῦ	over his head they put the charge against him
Matthew 27:53	καὶ ἐξελθόντες ἐκ τῶν μνημείων μετὰ τὴν ἔγερσιν αὐτοῦ	and coming out of the tombs after his resurrection

Occurrences of αὐτοῦ preceding or following a phrase in the accusative case in Mark
Reference	NET Parallel Greek	ESV
Mark 1:3	εὐθείας ποιεῖτε τὰς τρίβους αὐτοῦ	make his paths straight
Mark 1:6	ζώνην δερματίνην περὶ τὴν ὀσφὺν αὐτοῦ	a leather belt around his waist
Mark 1:19	Ἰωάννην τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ	John his brother
Mark 1:41	ἐκτείνας τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ	he stretched out his hand
Mark 3:27	τὰ σκεύη αὐτοῦ διαρπάσαι	and plunder his goods
Mark 3:27	καὶ τότε τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ διαρπάσει	Then indeed he may plunder his house.
Mark 4:32	ὥστε δύνασθαι ὑπὸ τὴν σκιὰν αὐτοῦ τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ κατασκηνοῦν	so that the birds of the air can make nests in its shade
Mark 5:22	πίπτει πρὸς τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ	he fell at his feet
Mark 6:1	καὶ ἔρχεται εἰς τὴν πατρίδα αὐτοῦ	and came to his hometown
Mark 6:14	φανερὸν γὰρ ἐγένετο τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ	for Jesus’ name had become known
Mark 6:27	ἐνέγκαι τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ	to bring John’s head
Mark 6:28	καὶ ἤνεγκεν τὴν κεφαλὴν αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ πίνακι	and brought his head on a platter
Mark 6:29	ἦλθον καὶ ἦραν τὸ πτῶμα αὐτοῦ	they came and took his body
Mark 6:41	καὶ ἐδίδου τοῖς μαθηταῖς (NA²⁸: καὶ ἐδίδου τοῖς μαθηταῖς [αὐτοῦ])	and gave them to the disciples
Mark 6:45	εὐθὺς ἠνάγκασεν τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ ἐμβῆναι εἰς τὸ πλοῖον	Immediately he made his disciples get into the boat
Mark 7:19	ὅτι οὐκ εἰσπορεύεται αὐτοῦ εἰς τὴν καρδίαν	since it enters not his heart
Mark 7:25	ἐλθοῦσα προσέπεσεν πρὸς τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ	and came and fell down at his feet
Mark 7:33	ἔβαλεν τοὺς δακτύλους αὐτοῦ	he put his fingers
Mark 7:33	εἰς τὰ ὦτα αὐτοῦ	into his ears
Mark 8:23	καὶ πτύσας εἰς τὰ ὄμματα αὐτοῦ	and when he had spit on his eyes
Mark 8:25	εἶτα πάλιν \|ἐπέθηκεν\| τὰς χεῖρας ἐπὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτοῦ	Then Jesus laid his hands on his eyes again
Mark 8:26	καὶ ἀπέστειλεν αὐτὸν εἰς οἶκον αὐτοῦ	And he sent him to his home
Mark 8:27	καὶ ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ ἐπηρώτα τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ	And on the way he asked his disciples
Mark 8:33	ὁ δὲ ἐπιστραφεὶς καὶ ἰδὼν τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ	But turning and seeing his disciples
Mark 8:34	καὶ ἀράτω τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀκολουθείτω μοι	and take up his cross and follow me
Mark 8:35	ὃς γὰρ ἐὰν θέλῃ τὴν ψυχὴν \|αὐτοῦ\| σῶσαι	For whoever would save his life
Mark 8:35	ὃς δ᾿ ἂν ἀπολέσει τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ	but whoever loses his life
Mark 8:36	καὶ ζημιωθῆναι τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ	and forfeit his soul
Mark 9:21	καὶ ἐπηρώτησεν τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ	And Jesus asked his father
Mark 9:31	ἐδίδασκεν γὰρ τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ	for he was teaching his disciples
Mark 9:41	οὐ μὴ ἀπολέσῃ τὸν μισθὸν αὐτοῦ	will by no means lose his reward
Mark 9:42	περίκειται μύλος ὀνικὸς περὶ τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ	a great millstone were hung around his neck
Mark 10:7	ἕνεκεν τούτου καταλείψει ἄνθρωπος τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ	Therefore a man shall leave his father
Mark 10:11	ὃς ἂν ἀπολύσῃ τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ	Whoever divorces his wife
Mark 10:45	καὶ δοῦναι τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ λύτρον ἀντὶ πολλῶν	and to give his life as a ransom for many
Mark 10:50	ὁ δὲ ἀποβαλὼν τὸ ἱμάτιον αὐτοῦ	And throwing off his cloak
Mark 12:43	καὶ προσκαλεσάμενος τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ	And he called his disciples
Mark 13:16	ἆραι τὸ ἱμάτιον αὐτοῦ	to take his cloak
Mark 13:27	καὶ ἐπισυνάξει τοὺς ἐκλεκτοὺς [αὐτοῦ]	and gather his elect
Mark 13:34	ἀφεὶς τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ	when he leaves home
Mark 13:34	ἑκάστῳ τὸ ἔργον αὐτοῦ	each with his work
Mark 14:47	καὶ ἀφεῖλεν αὐτοῦ τὸ ὠτάριον	and cut off his ear
Mark 14:65	καὶ περικαλύπτειν αὐτοῦ τὸ πρόσωπον	and to cover his face
Mark 15:19	καὶ ἔτυπτον αὐτοῦ τὴν κεφαλὴν	And they were striking his head
Mark 15:21	ἄρῃ τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ	to carry his cross
Mark 15:24	καὶ διαμερίζονται τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ	and divided his garments

Occurrences of αὐτοῦ preceding or following a phrase in the accusative case in Luke
Reference	NET Parallel Greek	ESV
Luke 1:13	καὶ καλέσεις τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ἰωάννην	and you shall call his name John.
Luke 1:23	ἀπῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ	he went to his home.
Luke 1:31	καὶ καλέσεις τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ἰησοῦν	and you shall call his name Jesus.
Luke 1:49	καὶ ἅγιον τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ	and holy is his name.
Luke 1:58	ὅτι ἐμεγάλυνεν κύριος τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ μετ᾿ αὐτῆς	that the Lord had shown great mercy to her
Luke 1:64	ἀνεῴχθη δὲ τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ παραχρῆμα	And immediately his mouth was opened
Luke 2:21	καὶ ἐκλήθη τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ἰησοῦς	he was called Jesus
Luke 2:34	καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς Μαριὰμ τὴν μητέρα αὐτοῦ	and said to Mary his mother
Luke 3:4	εὐθείας ποιεῖτε τὰς τρίβους αὐτοῦ	make his paths straight.
Luke 3:17	διακαθᾶραι τὴν ἅλωνα αὐτοῦ	to clear his threshing floor
Luke 3:17	καὶ συναγαγεῖν τὸν σῖτον εἰς τὴν ἀποθήκην αὐτοῦ	and to gather the wheat into his barn
Luke 5:25	ἀπῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ δοξάζων τὸν θεόν	and went home, glorifying God
Luke 5:30	πρὸς τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ	at his disciples
Luke 6:13	προσεφώνησεν τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ	he called his disciples
Luke 6:14	καὶ Ἀνδρέαν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ	and Andrew his brother
Luke 6:20	Καὶ αὐτὸς ἐπάρας τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτοῦ	And he lifted up his eyes
Luke 6:20	εἰς τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ ἔλεγεν	on his disciples, and said:
Luke 6:45	ἐκ γὰρ περισσεύματος καρδίας λαλεῖ τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ	for out of the abundance of the heart his mouth speaks
Luke 7:1	Ἐπειδὴ ἐπλήρωσεν πάντα τὰ ρήματα αὐτοῦ	After he had finished all his sayings
Luke 7:3	ἐλθὼν διασώσῃ τὸν δοῦλον αὐτοῦ	to come and heal his servant
Luke 7:16	καὶ ὅτι ἐπεσκέψατο ὁ θεὸς τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ	and “God has visited his people!”
Luke 7:38	καὶ στᾶσα ὀπίσω παρὰ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ	and standing behind him at his feet
	βρέχειν τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ	to wet his feet
	καὶ κατεφίλει τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ	and kissed his feet
Luke 8:5	ἐξῆλθεν ὁ σπείρων τοῦ σπεῖραι τὸν σπόρον αὐτοῦ	A sower went out to sow his seed.
Luke 8:41	παρεκάλει αὐτὸν εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ	he implored him to come to his house
Luke 9:14	εἶπεν δὲ πρὸς τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ	And he said to his disciples
Luke 9:23	καὶ ἀράτω τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ	and take up his cross
Luke 9:24	ὃς γὰρ ἂν θέλῃ τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ σῶσαι	For whoever would save his life
Luke 9:24	ὃς δ᾿ ἂν ἀπολέσῃ τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ	but whoever loses his life
Luke 9:31	ἔλεγον τὴν ἔξοδον αὐτοῦ	and spoke of his departure
Luke 9:32	εἶδον τὴν δόξαν αὐτοῦ	they saw his glory
Luke 9:43	εἶπεν πρὸς τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ	Jesus said to his disciples
Luke 10:2	ἐργάτας ἐκβάλῃ εἰς τὸν θερισμὸν αὐτοῦ	to send out laborers into his harvest
Luke 10:34	καὶ προσελθὼν κατέδησεν τὰ τραύματα αὐτοῦ	He went to him and bound up his wounds
Luke 10:39	ἤκουεν τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ	and listened to his teaching
Luke 11:1	καθὼς καὶ Ἰωάννης ἐδίδαξεν τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ	as John taught his disciples
Luke 11:8	διὰ τὸ εἶναι φίλον αὐτοῦ	because he is his friend
Luke 11:8	διά γε τὴν ἀναίδειαν αὐτοῦ	yet because of his impudence
Luke 11:22	τὴν πανοπλίαν αὐτοῦ αἴρει	he takes away his armor
Luke 11:22	καὶ τὰ σκῦλα αὐτοῦ διαδίδωσιν	and divides his spoil
Luke 12:1	ἤρξατο λέγειν πρὸς τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ πρῶτον	he began to say to his disciples first
Luke 12:22	Εἶπεν δὲ πρὸς τοὺς μαθητὰς [αὐτοῦ]	And he said to his disciples
Luke 12:25	δύναται ἐπὶ τὴν ἡλικίαν αὐτοῦ προσθεῖναι πῆχυν	can add a single hour to his span of life
Luke 12:31	πλὴν ζητεῖτε τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοῦ	Instead, seek his kingdom
Luke 12:39	οὐκ \|ἂν\| ἀφῆκεν διορυχθῆναι τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ	he would not have left his house to be broken into
Luke 12:47	ἢ ποιήσας πρὸς τὸ θέλημα αὐτοῦ	or act according to his will
Luke 13:15	ἕκαστος ὑμῶν τῷ σαββάτῳ οὐ λύει τὸν βοῦν αὐτοῦ	Does not each of you on the Sabbath untie his ox
Luke 14:17	ἀπέστειλεν τὸν δοῦλον αὐτοῦ	he sent his servant
Luke 15:5	ἐπιτίθησιν ἐπὶ τοὺς ὤμους αὐτοῦ χαίρων	he lays it on his shoulders, rejoicing.
Luke 15:13	καὶ ἐκεῖ διεσκόρπισεν τὴν οὐσίαν αὐτοῦ	and there he squandered his property
Luke 15:15	καὶ ἔπεμψεν αὐτὸν εἰς τοὺς ἀγροὺς αὐτοῦ	who sent him into his fields
Luke 15:20	καὶ δραμὼν ἐπέπεσεν ἐπὶ τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ	and ran and embraced him
Luke 15:22	εἶπεν δὲ ὁ πατὴρ πρὸς τοὺς δούλους αὐτοῦ	But the father said to his servants
Luke 15:22	καὶ δότε δακτύλιον εἰς τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ	and put a ring on his hand
Luke 16:1	διασκορπίζων τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτοῦ	was wasting his possessions
Luke 16:18	Πᾶς ὁ ἀπολύων τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ	Everyone who divorces his wife
Luke 16:20	πρὸς τὸν πυλῶνα αὐτοῦ	at his gate
Luke 16:21	ἀλλὰ καὶ οἱ κύνες ἐρχόμενοι ἐπέλειχον τὰ ἕλκη αὐτοῦ	Moreover, even the dogs came and licked his sores.
Luke 16:23	καὶ ἐν τῷ ᾅδῃ ἐπάρας τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτοῦ	and in Hades…he lifted up his eyes
Luke 17:2	εἰ λίθος μυλικὸς περίκειται περὶ τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ	if a millstone were hung around his neck
Luke 17:16	καὶ ἔπεσεν ἐπὶ πρόσωπον παρὰ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ	and he fell on his face at Jesus’ feet
Luke 17:33	ὃς ἐὰν ζητήσῃ τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ περιποιήσασθαι	Whoever seeks to preserve his life
Luke 18:13	ἀλλ᾿ ἔτυπτεν τὸ στῆθος \|αὐτοῦ\|	but beat his breast
Luke 18:14	κατέβη οὗτος δεδικαιωμένος εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ	this man went down to his house
Luke 22:36	καὶ ὁ μὴ ἔχων πωλησάτω τὸ ἱμάτιον αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀγορασάτω μάχαιραν	And let the one who has no sword sell his cloak and buy one.
Luke 22:50	καὶ ἀφεῖλεν τὸ οὖς αὐτοῦ τὸ δεξιόν	and cut off his right ear
Luke 23:34	διαμεριζόμενοι δὲ τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ ἔβαλον \|κλήρους\|	And they cast lots to divide his garments.
Luke 23:55	καὶ ὡς ἐτέθη τὸ σῶμα αὐτοῦ	and how his body was laid
Luke 24:23	καὶ μὴ εὑροῦσαι τὸ σῶμα αὐτοῦ	and when they did not find his body
Luke 24:26	καὶ εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν δόξαν αὐτοῦ	and enter into his glory
Luke 24:50	καὶ ἐπάρας τὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῦ	and lifting up his hands

Occurrences of ἑαυτοῦ in a phrase in the accusative case
Reference	NET Parallel Greek	ESV
Luke 2:3	εἰς τὴν ἑαυτοῦ πόλιν	to his own town
Luke 11:21	φυλάσσῃ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ αὐλήν	guards his own palace
Luke 14:26	μισεῖ τὸν πατέρα ἑαυτοῦ	hate his own father
Luke 14:26	καὶ τὴν ψυχὴν ἑαυτοῦ	And…his own life
Luke 14:27	βαστάζει τὸν σταυρὸν ἑαυτοῦ	bear his own cross
Luke 15:20	ἦλθεν πρὸς τὸν πατέρα ἑαυτοῦ	came to his father
Luke 24:27	τὰ περὶ ἑαυτοῦ	the things concerning himself
Romans 4:19	κατενόησεν τὸ ἑαυτοῦ σῶμα	he considered his own body
Romans 5:8	συνίστησιν δὲ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἀγάπην	But…shows his love
Romans 8:3	τὸν ἑαυτοῦ υἱὸν πέμψας	sending his own Son
1 Corinthians 7:2	ἕκαστος τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γυναῖκα ἐχέτω	each man should have his own wife
1 Corinthians 7:37	τηρεῖν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ παρθένον	to keep her as his betrothed
1 Corinthians 7:38	ὁ γαμίζων τὴν ἑαυτοῦ παρθένον	he who marries his betrothed
1 Corinthians 10:24	μηδεὶς τὸ ἑαυτοῦ ζητείτω	Let no one seek his own good
1 Corinthians 10:29	συνείδησιν δὲ λέγω οὐχὶ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ	I do not mean your conscience
Ephesians 5:28	ὁ ἀγαπῶν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γυναῖκα ἑαυτὸν ἀγαπᾷ	He who loves his wife loves himself.
Ephesians 5:29	Οὐδεὶς γάρ ποτε τὴν ἑαυτοῦ σάρκα ἐμίσησεν	For no one ever hated his own flesh
Ephesians 5:33	ἕκαστος τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γυναῖκα οὕτως ἀγαπάτω ὡς ἑαυτόν	let each one of you love his wife as himself
1 Thessalonians 2:12	τοῦ καλοῦντος ὑμᾶς εἰς τὴν ἑαυτοῦ βασιλείαν	who calls you into his own kingdom
1 Thessalonians 4:4	εἰδέναι ἕκαστον ὑμῶν τὸ ἑαυτοῦ σκεῦος κτᾶσθαι ἐν ἁγιασμῷ	that each one of you know how to control his own body in holiness
Revelation 10:7	ὡς εὐηγγέλισεν τοὺς ἑαυτοῦ δούλους τοὺς προφήτας	just as he announced to his servants the prophets

Tables comparing Matthew 7:24; 22:24; 1:24; 22:25; Mark 14:65; 10:11; Luke 2:3-5; Matthew 12:29; Luke 11:26; 13:18, 19; Mark 4:30, 31; John 14:9; 14:11 and 2 Corinthians 5:16 in the NET and KJV follow.

Matthew 7:24 (NET)	Matthew 7:24 (KJV)
“Everyone who hears these words of mine and does them is like a wise man who built his house on rock.	Therefore whosoever heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them, I will liken him unto a wise man, which built his house upon a rock:

Matthew 7:24 (NET Parallel Greek)	Matthew 7:24 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Matthew 7:24 (Byzantine Majority Text)
Πᾶς οὖν ὅστις ἀκούει μου τοὺς λόγους \|τούτους\| καὶ ποιεῖ αὐτούς, ὁμοιωθήσεται ἀνδρὶ φρονίμῳ, ὅστις ᾠκοδόμησεν αὐτοῦ τὴν οἰκίαν ἐπὶ τὴν πέτραν	πας ουν οστις ακουει μου τους λογους τουτους και ποιει αυτους ομοιωσω αυτον ανδρι φρονιμω οστις ωκοδομησεν την οικιαν αυτου επι την πετραν	πας ουν οστις ακουει μου τους λογους τουτους και ποιει αυτους ομοιωσω αυτον ανδρι φρονιμω οστις ωκοδομησεν την οικιαν αυτου επι την πετραν

Matthew 22:24 (NET)	Matthew 22:24 (KJV)
“Teacher, Moses said, ‘If a man dies without having children, his brother must marry the widow and father children for his brother.’	Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.

Matthew 22:24 (NET Parallel Greek)	Matthew 22:24 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Matthew 22:24 (Byzantine Majority Text)
λέγοντες· διδάσκαλε, Μωϋσῆς εἶπεν· ἐάν τις ἀποθάνῃ μὴ ἔχων τέκνα, ἐπιγαμβρεύσει ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀναστήσει σπέρμα τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ	λεγοντες διδασκαλε μωσης ειπεν εαν τις αποθανη μη εχων τεκνα επιγαμβρευσει ο αδελφος αυτου την γυναικα αυτου και αναστησει σπερμα τω αδελφω αυτου	λεγοντες διδασκαλε μωσης ειπεν εαν τις αποθανη μη εχων τεκνα επιγαμβρευσει ο αδελφος αυτου την γυναικα αυτου και αναστησει σπερμα τω αδελφω αυτου

Matthew 1:24 (NET)	Matthew 1:24 (KJV)
When Joseph awoke from sleep he did what the angel of the Lord told him. He took his wife,	Then Joseph being raised from sleep did as the angel of the Lord had bidden him, and took unto him his wife:

Matthew 1:24 (NET Parallel Greek)	Matthew 1:24 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Matthew 1:24 (Byzantine Majority Text)
ἐγερθεὶς δὲ \|ὁ\| Ἰωσὴφ ἀπὸ τοῦ ὕπνου ἐποίησεν ὡς προσέταξεν αὐτῷ ὁ ἄγγελος κυρίου καὶ παρέλαβεν τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ	διεγερθεις δε ο ιωσηφ απο του υπνου εποιησεν ως προσεταξεν αυτω ο αγγελος κυριου και παρελαβεν την γυναικα αυτου	διεγερθεις δε ο ιωσηφ απο του υπνου εποιησεν ως προσεταξεν αυτω ο αγγελος κυριου και παρελαβεν την γυναικα αυτου

Matthew 22:25 (NET)	Matthew 22:25 (KJV)
Now there were seven brothers among us. The first one married and died, and since he had no children he left his wife to his brother.	Now there were with us seven brethren: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and, having no issue, left his wife unto his brother:

Matthew 22:25 (NET Parallel Greek)	Matthew 22:25 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Matthew 22:25 (Byzantine Majority Text)
ἦσαν δὲ παρ᾿ ἡμῖν ἑπτὰ ἀδελφοί· καὶ ὁ πρῶτος γήμας ἐτελεύτησεν, καὶ μὴ ἔχων σπέρμα ἀφῆκεν τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ	ησαν δε παρ ημιν επτα αδελφοι και ο πρωτος γαμησας ετελευτησεν και μη εχων σπερμα αφηκεν την γυναικα αυτου τω αδελφω αυτου	ησαν δε παρ ημιν επτα αδελφοι και ο πρωτος γαμησας ετελευτησεν και μη εχων σπερμα αφηκεν την γυναικα αυτου τω αδελφω αυτου

Mark 14:65 (NET)	Mark 14:65 (KJV)
Then some began to spit on him, and to blindfold him, and to strike him with their fists, saying, “Prophesy!” The guards also took him and beat him.	And some began to spit on him, and to cover his face, and to buffet him, and to say unto him, Prophesy: and the servants did strike him with the palms of their hands.

Mark 14:65 (NET Parallel Greek)	Mark 14:65 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Mark 14:65 (Byzantine Majority Text)
Καὶ ἤρξαντο τινες ἐμπτύειν αὐτῷ καὶ περικαλύπτειν αὐτοῦ τὸ πρόσωπον καὶ κολαφίζειν αὐτὸν καὶ λέγειν αὐτῷ· προφήτευσον, καὶ οἱ ὑπηρέται ραπίσμασιν αὐτὸν ἔλαβον	και ηρξαντο τινες εμπτυειν αυτω και περικαλυπτειν το προσωπον αυτου και κολαφιζειν αυτον και λεγειν αυτω προφητευσον και οι υπηρεται ραπισμασιν αυτον εβαλλον	και ηρξαντο τινες εμπτυειν αυτω και περικαλυπτειν το προσωπον αυτου και κολαφιζειν αυτον και λεγειν αυτω προφητευσον και οι υπηρεται ραπισμασιν αυτον εβαλλον

Mark 10:11 (NET)	Mark 10:11 (KJV)
So he told them, “Whoever divorces his wife and marries another commits adultery against her.	And he saith unto them, Whosoever shall put away his wife, and marry another, committeth adultery against her.

Mark 10:11 (NET Parallel Greek)	Mark 10:11 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Mark 10:11 (Byzantine Majority Text)
καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς· ὃς ἂν ἀπολύσῃ τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ καὶ γαμήσῃ ἄλλην μοιχᾶται ἐπ᾿ αὐτήν	και λεγει αυτοις ος εαν απολυση την γυναικα αυτου και γαμηση αλλην μοιχαται επ αυτην	και λεγει αυτοις ος εαν απολυση την γυναικα αυτου και γαμηση αλλην μοιχαται επ αυτην

Luke 2:3-5 (NET)	Luke 2:3-5 (KJV)
Everyone went to his own town to be registered.	And all went to be taxed, every one into his own city.

Luke 2:3 (NET Parallel Greek)	Luke 2:3 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Luke 2:3 (Byzantine Majority Text)
καὶ ἐπορεύοντο πάντες ἀπογράφεσθαι, ἕκαστος εἰς τὴν ἑαυτοῦ πόλιν	και επορευοντο παντες απογραφεσθαι εκαστος εις την ιδιαν πολιν	και επορευοντο παντες απογραφεσθαι εκαστος εις την ιδιαν πολιν

So Joseph also went up from the town of Nazareth in Galilee to Judea, to the city of David called Bethlehem, because he was of the house and family line of David.

And Joseph also went up from Galilee, out of the city of Nazareth, into Judaea, unto the city of David, which is called Bethlehem; (because he was of the house and lineage of David:)

Luke 2:4 (NET Parallel Greek)	Luke 2:4 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Luke 2:4 (Byzantine Majority Text)
Ἀνέβη δὲ καὶ Ἰωσὴφ ἀπὸ τῆς Γαλιλαίας ἐκ πόλεως Ναζαρὲθ εἰς τὴν Ἰουδαίαν εἰς πόλιν Δαυὶδ ἥτις καλεῖται Βηθλέεμ, διὰ τὸ εἶναι αὐτὸν ἐξ οἴκου καὶ πατριᾶς Δαυίδ	ανεβη δε και ιωσηφ απο της γαλιλαιας εκ πολεως ναζαρετ εις την ιουδαιαν εις πολιν δαβιδ ητις καλειται βηθλεεμ δια το ειναι αυτον εξ οικου και πατριας δαβιδ	ανεβη δε και ιωσηφ απο της γαλιλαιας εκ πολεως ναζαρετ εις την ιουδαιαν εις πολιν δαυιδ ητις καλειται βηθλεεμ δια το ειναι αυτον εξ οικου και πατριας δαυιδ

He went to be registered with Mary, who was promised in marriage to him, and who was expecting a child.

To be taxed with Mary his espoused wife, being great with child.

Luke 2:5 (NET Parallel Greek)	Luke 2:5 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Luke 2:5 (Byzantine Majority Text)
ἀπογράψασθαι σὺν Μαριὰμ τῇ ἐμνηστευμένῃ αὐτῷ, οὔσῃ ἐγκύῳ	απογραψασθαι συν μαριαμ τη μεμνηστευμενη αυτω γυναικι ουση εγκυω	απογραψασθαι συν μαριαμ τη μεμνηστευμενη αυτω γυναικι ουση εγκυω

Matthew 12:29 (NET)	Matthew 12:29 (KJV)
How else can someone enter a strong man’s house and steal his property, unless he first ties up the strong man? Then he can thoroughly plunder the house.	Or else how can one enter into a strong man’s house, and spoil his goods, except he first bind the strong man? and then he will spoil his house.

Matthew 12:29 (NET Parallel Greek)	Matthew 12:29 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Matthew 12:29 (Byzantine Majority Text)
ἢ πῶς δύναται τις εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν τοῦ ἰσχυροῦ καὶ τὰ σκεύη αὐτοῦ ἁρπάσαι, ἐὰν μὴ πρῶτον δήσῃ τὸν ἰσχυρόν; καὶ τότε τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ διαρπάσει	η πως δυναται τις εισελθειν εις την οικιαν του ισχυρου και τα σκευη αυτου διαρπασαι εαν μη πρωτον δηση τον ισχυρον και τοτε την οικιαν αυτου διαρπασει	η πως δυναται τις εισελθειν εις την οικιαν του ισχυρου και τα σκευη αυτου διαρπασαι εαν μη πρωτον δηση τον ισχυρον και τοτε την οικιαν αυτου διαρπασει

Luke 11:26 (NET)	Luke 11:26 (KJV)
Then it goes and brings seven other spirits more evil than itself, and they go in and live there, so the last state of that person is worse than the first.”	Then goeth he, and taketh to him seven other spirits more wicked than himself; and they enter in, and dwell there: and the last state of that man is worse than the first.

Luke 11:26 (NET Parallel Greek)	Luke 11:26 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Luke 11:26 (Byzantine Majority Text)
τότε πορεύεται καὶ παραλαμβάνει ἕτερα πνεύματα πονηρότερα ἑαυτοῦ ἑπτὰ καὶ εἰσελθόντα κατοικεῖ ἐκεῖ· καὶ γίνεται τὰ ἔσχατα τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐκείνου χείρονα τῶν πρώτων	τοτε πορευεται και παραλαμβανει επτα ετερα πνευματα πονηροτερα εαυτου και εισελθοντα κατοικει εκει και γινεται τα εσχατα του ανθρωπου εκεινου χειρονα των πρωτων	τοτε πορευεται και παραλαμβανει επτα ετερα πνευματα πονηροτερα εαυτου και ελθοντα κατοικει εκει και γινεται τα εσχατα του ανθρωπου εκεινου χειρονα των πρωτων

Luke 13:18, 19 (NET)	Luke 13:18, 19 (KJV)
Thus Jesus asked, “What is the kingdom of God like? To what should I compare it?	Then said he, Unto what is the kingdom of God like? and whereunto shall I resemble it?

Luke 13:18 (NET Parallel Greek)	Luke 13:18 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Luke 13:18 (Byzantine Majority Text)
Ἔλεγεν οὖν· τίνι ὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τίνι ὁμοιώσω αὐτήν	ελεγεν δε τινι ομοια εστιν η βασιλεια του θεου και τινι ομοιωσω αυτην	ελεγεν δε τινι ομοια εστιν η βασιλεια του θεου και τινι ομοιωσω αυτην

It is like a mustard seed that a man took and sowed in his garden. It grew and became a tree, and the wild birds nested in its branches.”

It is like a grain of mustard seed, which a man took, and cast into his garden; and it grew, and waxed a great tree; and the fowls of the air lodged in the branches of it.

Luke 13:19 (NET Parallel Greek)	Luke 13:19 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Luke 13:19 (Byzantine Majority Text)
ὁμοία ἐστὶν κόκκῳ σινάπεως, ὃν λαβὼν ἄνθρωπος ἔβαλεν εἰς κῆπον ἑαυτοῦ, καὶ ἠύξησεν καὶ ἐγένετο εἰς δένδρον, καὶ τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ κατεσκήνωσεν ἐν τοῖς κλάδοις αὐτοῦ	ομοια εστιν κοκκω σιναπεως ον λαβων ανθρωπος εβαλεν εις κηπον εαυτου και ηυξησεν και εγενετο εις δενδρον μεγα και τα πετεινα του ουρανου κατεσκηνωσεν εν τοις κλαδοις αυτου	ομοια εστιν κοκκω σιναπεως ον λαβων ανθρωπος εβαλεν εις κηπον εαυτου και ηυξησεν και εγενετο εις δενδρον μεγα και τα πετεινα του ουρανου κατεσκηνωσεν εν τοις κλαδοις αυτου

Mark 4:30, 31 (NET)	Mark 4:30, 31 (KJV)
He also asked, “To what can we compare the kingdom of God, or what parable can we use to present it?	And he said, Whereunto shall we liken the kingdom of God? or with what comparison shall we compare it?

Mark 4:30 (NET Parallel Greek)	Mark 4:30 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Mark 4:30 (Byzantine Majority Text)
Καὶ ἔλεγεν· πῶς ὁμοιώσωμεν τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ ἢ ἐν τίνι αὐτὴν παραβολῇ θῶμεν	και ελεγεν τινι ομοιωσωμεν την βασιλειαν του θεου η εν ποια παραβολη παραβαλωμεν αυτην	και ελεγεν τινι ομοιωσωμεν την βασιλειαν του θεου η εν ποια παραβολη παραβαλωμεν αυτην

It is like a mustard seed that when sown in the ground, even though it is the smallest of all the seeds in the ground—

It is like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sown in the earth, is less than all the seeds that be in the earth:

Mark 4:31 (NET Parallel Greek)	Mark 4:31 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Mark 4:31 (Byzantine Majority Text)
ὡς κόκκῳ σινάπεως, ὃς ὅταν σπαρῇ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, μικρότερον ὂν πάντων τῶν σπερμάτων τῶν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς	ως κοκκω σιναπεως ος οταν σπαρη επι της γης μικροτερος παντων των σπερματων εστιν των επι της γης	ως κοκκον σιναπεως ος οταν σπαρη επι της γης μικροτερος παντων των σπερματων εστιν των επι της γης

John 14:9 (NET)	John 14:9 (KJV)
Jesus replied, “Have I been with you for so long and yet you have not known me, Philip? The person who has seen me has seen the Father! How can you say, ‘Show us the Father’?	Jesus saith unto him, Have I been so long time with you, and yet hast thou not known me, Philip? he that hath seen me hath seen the Father; and how sayest thou then, Shew us the Father?

John 14:9 (NET Parallel Greek)	John 14:9 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	John 14:9 (Byzantine Majority Text)
λέγει αὐτῷ \|ὁ\| Ἰησοῦς· \|τοσούτῳ χρόνῳ\| μεθ᾿ ὑμῶν εἰμι καὶ οὐκ ἔγνωκας με, Φίλιππε; ὁ ἑωρακὼς ἐμὲ ἑώρακεν τὸν πατέρα· πῶς σὺ λέγεις· δεῖξον ἡμῖν τὸν πατέρα	λεγει αυτω ο ιησους τοσουτον χρονον μεθ υμων ειμι και ουκ εγνωκας με φιλιππε ο εωρακως εμε εωρακεν τον πατερα και πως συ λεγεις δειξον ημιν τον πατερα	λεγει αυτω ο ιησους τοσουτον χρονον μεθ υμων ειμι και ουκ εγνωκας με φιλιππε ο εωρακως εμε εωρακεν τον πατερα και πως συ λεγεις δειξον ημιν τον πατερα

John 14:11 (NET)	John 14:11 (KJV)
Believe me that I am in the Father, and the Father is in me, but if you do not believe me, believe because of the miraculous deeds themselves.	Believe me that I am in the Father, and the Father in me: or else believe me for the very works’ sake.

John 14:11 (NET Parallel Greek)	John 14:11 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	John 14:11 (Byzantine Majority Text)
πιστεύετε μοι ὅτι ἐγὼ ἐν τῷ πατρὶ καὶ ὁ πατὴρ ἐν ἐμοί· εἰ δὲ μή, διὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτὰ πιστεύετε	πιστευετε μοι οτι εγω εν τω πατρι και ο πατηρ εν εμοι ει δε μη δια τα εργα αυτα πιστευετε μοι	πιστευετε μοι οτι εγω εν τω πατρι και ο πατηρ εν εμοι ει δε μη δια τα εργα αυτα πιστευετε μοι

2 Corinthians 5:16 (NET)	2 Corinthians 5:16 (KJV)
So then from now on we acknowledge no one from an outward human point of view. Even though we have known Christ from such a human point of view, now we do not know him in that way any longer.	Wherefore henceforth know we no man after the flesh: yea, though we have known Christ after the flesh, yet now henceforth know we him no more.

2 Corinthians 5:16 (NET Parallel Greek)	2 Corinthians 5:16 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	2 Corinthians 5:16 (Byzantine Majority Text)
῞Ωστε ἡμεῖς ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν οὐδένα οἴδαμεν κατὰ σάρκα· εἰ καὶ ἐγνώκαμεν κατὰ σάρκα Χριστόν, ἀλλὰ νῦν οὐκέτι γινώσκομεν	ωστε ημεις απο του νυν ουδενα οιδαμεν κατα σαρκα ει δε και εγνωκαμεν κατα σαρκα χριστον αλλα νυν ουκετι γινωσκομεν	ωστε ημεις απο του νυν ουδενα οιδαμεν κατα σαρκα ει δε και εγνωκαμεν κατα σαρκα χριστον αλλα νυν ουκετι γινωσκομεν

Back to Wonders and False Wonders, Part 3

Back to The Day of the Lord, Part 8

¹ 1 Corinthians 7:36 (ESV)

² 1 Corinthians 7:37, 38 (ESV) Table

³ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had ἑαυτοῦ here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ιδιαν.

⁴ In the NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ Nazareth was spelled Ναζαρὲθ, and ναζαρετ in the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text.

⁵ In the NET parallel Greek text, NA²⁸ and Byzantine Majority Text David was spelled Δαυὶδ, and δαβιδ in the Stephanus Textus Receptus.

⁶ In the NET parallel Greek text, NA²⁸ and Byzantine Majority Text David was spelled Δαυὶδ, and δαβιδ in the Stephanus Textus Receptus.

⁷ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had ἐμνηστευμένῃ here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had μεμνηστευμενη and γυναικι (KJV: espoused wife).

⁸ Matthew 12:29a (ESV) and Mark 3:27a (ESV) Table

⁹ Matthew 12:29b (ESV) and Mark 3:27b (ESV) Table

¹⁰ Luke 11:24a (ESV)

¹¹ The NET parallel Greek text, NA²⁸ and Stephanus Textus Receptus had εἰσελθόντα here, where the Byzantine Majority Text had ελθοντα.

¹² The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had οὖν (NET: Then) here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had δε (KJV: Then).

¹³ The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had μεγα (KJV: great) following tree. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

¹⁴ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had πῶς (NET: To what) here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had τινι (KJV: Whereunto).

¹⁵ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had τίνι here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ποια.

¹⁶ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had θῶμεν (NET: to present) here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had παραβαλωμεν (KJV: shall we compare).

¹⁷ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had μικρότερον ὂν here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had simply μικροτερος (KJV: is less).

¹⁸ The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had εστιν (KJV: that be) following seeds. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

¹⁹ Who Am I? Part 3

²⁰ Sexual Immorality Revisited, Part 3

²¹ John 17:3 (ESV)

²² Acts 17:28a (ESV)

²³ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had τοσούτῳ χρόνῳ in the dative case here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had τοσουτον χρονον (KJV: so long time) in the accusative case.

²⁴ The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had και (KJV: and) at the beginning of this clause. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

²⁵ The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had μοι (KJV: me) following believe. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

²⁶ John 15:4 (ESV) Table

²⁷ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had εἰ καὶ here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ει δε και (KJV: yea, though).

A Shadow of the Good Things, Part 2

Posted on March 28, 2020 by admin

I began this particular investigation considering “whether τη αληθεια μη πειθεσθαι (KJV: that ye should not obey the truth) was original to Galatians 3:1” [Table]. A brief study of forms of πείθω calmed my fetish that obey the truth meant “obey the law.” So if τη αληθεια μη πειθεσθαι is reinstated into NA²⁹ or any later version I should be fine. I do still want to consider more occurrences of forms of πείθω (Acts 28:17-20, 23, 24 NET).

After three days Paul^[1] called the local Jewish leaders together. When they had assembled, he said to them, “Brothers, although I had done nothing against our people or the customs^[2] of our ancestors, from Jerusalem I was handed over as a prisoner to the Romans. When they had heard my case, they wanted to release me, because there was no basis for a death sentence against me. But when the Jews objected, I was forced to appeal to Caesar—not that I had some charge to bring^[3] against my own people. So for this reason I have asked to see you and speak with you, for I am bound with this chain because of the hope of Israel.”

They set a day to meet with him, and they came^[4] to him where he was staying in even greater numbers. From morning until evening he explained things to them, testifying about the kingdom of God (τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ) and trying to convince (πείθων a form of πείθω) them about Jesus from both the law of Moses^[5] and the prophets. Some were convinced (ἐπείθοντο, a form of πείθω) by what he said, but others refused to believe.

Contrast Paul’s persuasiveness to that of some unnamed Jews from Antioch and Iconium (Acts 14:19 NET Table):

But Jews came [to Lystra] from Antioch and Iconium, and after winning the crowds over (πείσαντες, a form of πείθω), they stoned Paul and dragged him out of the city, presuming him to be dead.

Children, Jesus said to his astonished disciples, how hard it is^[6] to enter the kingdom of God (τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ)!^[7] The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text qualify this with τους πεποιθοτας (a form of πείθω) επι χρημασιν (KJV: for them that trust in riches). The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ do not have this qualification. In other words, the shorter reading has survived at least two rounds^[8] of scholarly consideration.

The context of Jesus’ statement and the words that astonished his disciples were: How hard it is for the rich to enter the kingdom of God!^[9] It seems reasonable to me that the One prepared to die to secure his disciples’ entrance into that kingdom answered their astonishment, not with a repetition of the specific, but with the more general: how hard it is to enter the kingdom of God. Bill Mounce posted an interesting definition of δύσκολος (the Greek word translated hard above was δύσκολον, a form of δύσκολος):

peevish about food; hard to please, disagreeable [Luke 7:31-35]; in NT, difficult, Mk. 10:24

This is my point in the contrast above: It is easier to win over those who are not yet born from above to self-righteous indignation and violence than it is to convince them about Jesus from both the law of Moses and the prophets. Wealth is a contributing factor.

In Ephesus a man named Demetrius, a silversmith who made silver shrines of Artemis, brought a great deal of business to the craftsmen (Acts 19:24-28 NET).

He gathered these together, along with the workmen in similar trades, and said, “Men, you know that our^[10] prosperity comes from this business. And you see and hear that this Paul has persuaded (πείσας, a form of πείθω) and turned away a large crowd, not only in Ephesus but in practically all of the province of Asia, by saying that gods made by hands are not gods at all. There is danger not only that this business of ours will come into disrepute, but^[11] also that the temple of the great goddess Artemis will be regarded as nothing, and she whom all the province of Asia and the world worship will suffer the loss of her greatness.”^[12]

When they heard this they became enraged and began to shout, “Great is Artemis of the Ephesians!”

When a strong man, fully armed, guards his own palace, Jesus described his plunder (Luke 11:14-20) of Satan’s domain parabolically, his possessions are safe. But when a stronger man attacks and conquers him, he takes away the first man’s armor on which the man relied (ἐπεποίθει, a form of πείθω) and divides up his plunder.^[13] I know I have relied on many “truths” as if they were armor that might “protect” me from the way, and the truth, and the life.^[14] But Jesus, his Father and his Holy Spirit have been persistent to wrest me from Satan’s domination and my own folly, if the two are not one and the same.

Before Paul appealed to Caesar and was sent to Rome he was imprisoned at Caesarea (Acts 24:24-26 NET):

Some days later, when Felix arrived with his^[15] wife Drusilla, who was Jewish, he sent for Paul and heard him speak about faith in Christ Jesus.^[16] While Paul was discussing righteousness, self-control, and the coming^[17] judgment, Felix became frightened and said, “Go away for now, and when I have an opportunity, I will send for you.” At the same time he was also^[18] hoping that Paul would give him money,^[19] and for this reason he sent for Paul as often as possible and talked with him.

Here, Felix’s hope that Paul might give him χρήματα (a form of χρῆμα) was a factor that encouraged him to summon Paul more often than his fear of Paul’s message might otherwise have allowed. One might argue that this was not the best attitude to hear Paul’s message, since it is hard…for the rich (χρήματα) to enter the kingdom of God, but I think it highlights an aspect of the difficulty.

I couldn’t summon Paul but I was driven to read him, and from him continued on to Jesus and the rest of the Bible. Before that, yes, I tried to harmonize the gospels to make a libretto for my rock/fusion opera. Studying Paul was the beginning of a deeper potentially more vital interest. I still hoped, I suppose, that studying Paul would please God and that pleasing God would benefit my writing/composing career. Like Felix, my motives and interests were divided.

Paul wrote about the judgment (κρίματος, a form of κρίμα) Felix feared (Romans 2:1-13 NET):

Therefore you are without excuse, whoever you are, when you judge (κρίνων, a form of κρίνω) someone else. For on whatever grounds you judge (κρίνεις, a form of κρίνω) another, you condemn (κατακρίνεις, a form of κατακρίνω) yourself, because you who judge (κρίνων, a form of κρίνω) practice the same things (Romans 1:18-32). Now we know that God’s judgment (κρίμα) is in accordance with truth against those who practice such things. And do you think, whoever you are, when you judge (κρίνων, a form of κρίνω) those who practice such things and yet do them yourself, that you will escape God’s judgment (κρίμα)? Or do you have contempt for the wealth of his kindness, forbearance, and patience, and yet do not know that God’s kindness leads you to repentance? But because of your stubbornness and your unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath for yourselves in the day of wrath, when God’s righteous judgment^[20] (δικαιοκρισίας, a form of δικαιοκρισία) is revealed! He will reward each one according to his works: eternal life to those who by perseverance in good works seek glory and honor and immortality, but wrath and anger to those who live in selfish ambition and do not obey^[21] (ἀπειθοῦσι, a form of ἀπειθέω) the truth but follow (πειθομένοις, a form of πείθω) unrighteousness. There will be affliction and distress on everyone who does evil, on the Jew first and also the Greek, but glory and honor and peace for everyone who does good, for the Jew first and also the Greek. For there is no partiality with God [Table]. For all who have sinned apart from the law will also perish apart from the law, and all who have sinned under the law will be judged (κριθήσονται, a form of κρίνω) by the law. For it is not those who hear the^[22] law who are righteous before God, but those who do the^[23] law will be declared righteous.

This brings me back to the title of this series of essays: For the law possesses a shadow of the good things to come but not the reality itself.^[24] I think—not the reality itself—is an important and meaningful paraphrase of οὐκ αὐτὴν τὴν εἰκόνα τῶν πραγμάτων, but I prefer the KJV translation here: not the very image of the things. And I would push πραγμάτων (a form of πρᾶγμα) one step further to deeds: not the very image of the [deeds].

I want to compare the shadow of the good things to come possessed by the law to Peter’s shadow. Here is the context (Acts 5:12a, 14-16 NET)

Now many miraculous signs and wonders came about^[25] among the people through the hands of the apostles.

More and more believers in the Lord were added to their number, crowds of both men and women. Thus they even^[26] carried the sick out into^[27] the streets, and put them on cots^[28] and pallets,^[29] so that when Peter came by at least his shadow would fall on some of them. A crowd of people from the towns around Jerusalem^[30] also came together, bringing the sick and those troubled by unclean spirits. They were all being healed.

Peter’s shadow waned from a thin elongated silhouette of his form in the morning, to a stubby foreshortened blob at midday, then waxed again as day progressed to evening. Many things could be calculated mathematically by measuring that shadow against Peter’s height. But no matter the time of day Peter’s shadow was cast by Peter walking in the light.

I’m not suggesting that we know the good things to come by doing mathematical calculations on the law. I am suggesting that the law has a shape, an outline in silhouette, similar to that cast by the good things to come, not an assembly-line slaughterhouse executing lawbreakers, but a kingdom of people who do not covet [their] neighbor’s house, [their] neighbor’s wife, nor his male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that belongs to [their] neighbor.^[31]

The law foreshadows a kingdom of people who do this, and so much more, not because they strive with all their might to obey the law in their own strength: For if a law had been given that was able to give life, then righteousness would certainly have come by the law.^[32] God achieved what the law could not do because it was weakened through the flesh. By sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and concerning sin, he condemned sin in the flesh, so that the righteous requirement of the law may be fulfilled in us, who do not walk according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.^[33]

The law foreshadows a kingdom of God populated by those who have trusted that (1 Corinthians 15:3b-8 NET):

Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures, and that he was buried, and that he was raised on the third day according to the scriptures [Table], and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve. Then he appeared to more than 500 of the brothers and sisters at one time, most of whom are still alive, though some^[34] have fallen asleep [Table]. Then he appeared to James, then to all the apostles. Last of all, as though to one born at the wrong time, he appeared to [Paul] also.

For you were called to freedom, brothers and sisters, Paul wrote believers in Galatia (Galatians 5:13-6:5 NET):

only do not use your freedom as an opportunity to indulge your flesh, but through love serve one another. For the whole law can be summed up (KJV: fulfilled) in a single commandment, namely, “You must love your neighbor as yourself.” However, if you continually bite and devour one another, beware that you are not consumed by one another [Table]. But I say, live by the Spirit and you will not carry out the desires of the flesh. For the flesh has desires that are opposed to the Spirit, and the Spirit has desires that are opposed to the flesh, for these are in opposition to each other, so that you cannot do what you want [Table]. But if you are led by the Spirit, you are not under the law. Now the works of the flesh are obvious: (KJV: adultery) sexual immorality, impurity, depravity, idolatry, sorcery, hostilities, strife, jealousy, outbursts of anger, selfish rivalries, dissensions, factions, envying, murder, drunkenness, carousing, and similar things. I am warning you, as I had warned you before: Those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God (βασιλείαν θεοῦ) [Table]!

But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control. Against such things there is no law [Table]. Now those who belong to Christ have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires. If we live by the Spirit, let us also behave in accordance with the Spirit. Let us not become conceited, provoking one another, being jealous of one another.

Brothers and sisters, if a person is discovered in some sin, you who are spiritual restore such a person in a spirit of gentleness. Pay close attention to yourselves, so that you are not tempted too. Carry one another’s burdens, and in this way you will fulfill the law of Christ [Table]. For if anyone thinks he is something when he is nothing, he deceives himself. Let each one examine his own work. Then he can take pride in himself and not compare himself with someone else. For each one will carry his own load.

Our Father in heaven, Jesus taught his disciples to pray, may your name be honored, may your kingdom (βασιλεία σου) come, may your will be done on earth as it is in heaven.^[35] I’ll pick this up in another essay.

A table comparing Paul’s quotation from Psalm 61:13 in the Septuagint (62:12 Masoretic text) follows:

Romans 2:6 (NET Parallel Greek)	Psalm 62:12c (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 61:13b (Septuagint Elpenor)
ὃς ἀποδώσει ἑκάστῳ κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ	σὺ ἀποδώσεις ἑκάστῳ κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ	σὺ ἀποδώσεις ἑκάστῳ κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ
Romans 2:6 (NET)	Psalm 61:13c (NETS)	Psalm 61:13b (English Elpenor)
He will reward each one according to his works:	you will repay to each according to his works.	thou wilt recompense every one according to his works.

Tables comparing Psalm 62:12 in the Tanakh, KJV and NET, and Psalm 62:12 (61:13) in the Septuagint (BLB and Elpenor) follow. Following those are tables comparing Acts 28:17; 28:19; 28:23; Mark 10:24; Acts 19:25; 19:27; 24:24-26; Romans 2:5; 2:8; 2:13; Acts 5:12 and 5:15, 16 in the NET and KJV.

Psalm 62:12 (Tanakh)	Psalm 62:12 (KJV)	Psalm 62:12 (NET)
Also unto thee, O Lord, belongeth mercy: for thou renderest to every man according to his work.	Also unto thee, O Lord, belongeth mercy: for thou renderest to every man according to his work.	and you, O Lord, demonstrate loyal love. For you repay men for what they do.

Psalm 62:12 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 61:13 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ὅτι τὸ κράτος τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ σοί κύριε τὸ ἔλεος ὅτι σὺ ἀποδώσεις ἑκάστῳ κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ	καὶ σοῦ, Κύριε, τὸ ἔλεος, ὅτι σὺ ἀποδώσεις ἑκάστῳ κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ
Psalm 61:13 (NETS)	Psalm 61:13 (English Elpenor)
that might is God’s, and to you, O Lord, belongs mercy, because you will repay to each according to his works.	and mercy is thine, O Lord; for thou wilt recompense every one according to his works.

Acts 28:17 (NET)	Acts 28:17 (KJV)
After three days Paul called the local Jewish leaders together. When they had assembled, he said to them, “Brothers, although I had done nothing against our people or the customs of our ancestors, from Jerusalem I was handed over as a prisoner to the Romans.	And it came to pass, that after three days Paul called the chief of the Jews together: and when they were come together, he said unto them, Men and brethren, though I have committed nothing against the people, or customs of our fathers, yet was I delivered prisoner from Jerusalem into the hands of the Romans.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
Ἐγένετο δὲ μετὰ ἡμέρας τρεῖς συγκαλέσασθαι αὐτὸν τοὺς ὄντας τῶν Ἰουδαίων πρώτους· συνελθόντων δὲ αὐτῶν ἔλεγεν πρὸς αὐτούς· ἐγώ, ἄνδρες ἀδελφοί, οὐδὲν ἐναντίον ποιήσας τῷ λαῷ ἢ τοῖς ἔθεσι τοῖς πατρῴοις δέσμιος ἐξ Ἱεροσολύμων παρεδόθην εἰς τὰς χεῖρας τῶν Ῥωμαίων	εγενετο δε μετα ημερας τρεις συγκαλεσασθαι τον παυλον τους οντας των ιουδαιων πρωτους συνελθοντων δε αυτων ελεγεν προς αυτους ανδρες αδελφοι εγω ουδεν εναντιον ποιησας τω λαω η τοις εθεσιν τοις πατρωοις δεσμιος εξ ιεροσολυμων παρεδοθην εις τας χειρας των ρωμαιων	εγενετο δε μετα ημερας τρεις συγκαλεσασθαι τον παυλον τους οντας των ιουδαιων πρωτους συνελθοντων δε αυτων ελεγεν προς αυτους ανδρες αδελφοι εγω ουδεν εναντιον ποιησας τω λαω η τοις εθεσιν τοις πατρωοις δεσμιος εξ ιεροσολυμων παρεδοθην εις τας χειρας των ρωμαιων

Acts 28:19 (NET)	Acts 28:19 (KJV)
But when the Jews objected, I was forced to appeal to Caesar—not that I had some charge to bring against my own people.	But when the Jews spake against it, I was constrained to appeal unto Caesar; not that I had ought to accuse my nation of.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
ἀντιλεγόντων δὲ τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἠναγκάσθην ἐπικαλέσασθαι Καίσαρα οὐχ ὡς τοῦ ἔθνους μου ἔχων τι κατηγορεῖν	αντιλεγοντων δε των ιουδαιων ηναγκασθην επικαλεσασθαι καισαρα ουχ ως του εθνους μου εχων τι κατηγορησαι	αντιλεγοντων δε των ιουδαιων ηναγκασθην επικαλεσασθαι καισαρα ουχ ως του εθνους μου εχων τι κατηγορησαι

Acts 28:23 (NET)	Acts 28:23 (KJV)
They set a day to meet with him, and they came to him where he was staying in even greater numbers. From morning until evening he explained things to them, testifying about the kingdom of God and trying to convince them about Jesus from both the law of Moses and the prophets.	And when they had appointed him a day, there came many to him into his lodging; to whom he expounded and testified the kingdom of God, persuading them concerning Jesus, both out of the law of Moses, and out of the prophets, from morning till evening.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
Ταξάμενοι δὲ αὐτῷ ἡμέραν ἦλθον πρὸς αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν ξενίαν πλείονες οἷς ἐξετίθετο διαμαρτυρόμενος τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ, πείθων τε αὐτοὺς περὶ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἀπό τε τοῦ νόμου Μωϋσέως καὶ τῶν προφητῶν, ἀπὸ πρωὶ_ ἕως ἑσπέρας	ταξαμενοι δε αυτω ημεραν ηκον προς αυτον εις την ξενιαν πλειονες οις εξετιθετο διαμαρτυρομενος την βασιλειαν του θεου πειθων τε αυτους τα περι του ιησου απο τε του νομου μωσεως και των προφητων απο πρωι εως εσπερας	ταξαμενοι δε αυτω ημεραν ηκον προς αυτον εις την ξενιαν πλειονες οις εξετιθετο διαμαρτυρομενος την βασιλειαν του θεου πειθων τε αυτους τα περι του ιησου απο τε του νομου μωσεως και των προφητων απο πρωι εως εσπερας

Mark 10:24 (NET)	Mark 10:24 (KJV)
The disciples were astonished at these words. But again Jesus said to them, “Children, how hard it is to enter the kingdom of God!	And the disciples were astonished at his words. But Jesus answereth again, and saith unto them, Children, how hard is it for them that trust in riches to enter into the kingdom of God!

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
οἱ δὲ μαθηταὶ ἐθαμβοῦντο ἐπὶ τοῖς λόγοις αὐτοῦ. ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς πάλιν ἀποκριθεὶς λέγει αὐτοῖς· τέκνα, πῶς δύσκολον ἐστιν εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ εἰσελθεῖν	οι δε μαθηται εθαμβουντο επι τοις λογοις αυτου ο δε ιησους παλιν αποκριθεις λεγει αυτοις τεκνα πως δυσκολον εστιν τους πεποιθοτας επι τοις χρημασιν εις την βασιλειαν του θεου εισελθειν	οι δε μαθηται εθαμβουντο επι τοις λογοις αυτου ο δε ιησους παλιν αποκριθεις λεγει αυτοις τεκνα πως δυσκολον εστιν τους πεποιθοτας επι χρημασιν εις την βασιλειαν του θεου εισελθειν

Acts 19:25 (NET)	Acts 19:25 (KJV)
He gathered these together, along with the workmen in similar trades, and said, “Men, you know that our prosperity comes from this business.	Whom he called together with the workmen of like occupation, and said, Sirs, ye know that by this craft we have our wealth.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
οὓς συναθροίσας καὶ τοὺς περὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα ἐργάτας εἶπεν· ἄνδρες, ἐπίστασθε ὅτι ἐκ ταύτης τῆς ἐργασίας ἡ εὐπορία ἡμῖν ἐστιν	ους συναθροισας και τους περι τα τοιαυτα εργατας ειπεν ανδρες επιστασθε οτι εκ ταυτης της εργασιας η ευπορια ημων εστιν	ους συναθροισας και τους περι τα τοιαυτα εργατας ειπεν ανδρες επιστασθε οτι εκ ταυτης της εργασιας η ευπορια ημων εστιν

Acts 19:27 (NET)	Acts 19:27 (KJV)
There is danger not only that this business of ours will come into disrepute, but also that the temple of the great goddess Artemis will be regarded as nothing, and she whom all the province of Asia and the world worship will suffer the loss of her greatness.”	So that not only this our craft is in danger to be set at nought; but also that the temple of the great goddess Diana should be despised, and her magnificence should be destroyed, whom all Asia and the world worshippeth.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
οὐ μόνον δὲ τοῦτο κινδυνεύει ἡμῖν τὸ μέρος εἰς ἀπελεγμὸν ἐλθεῖν ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ τῆς μεγάλης θεᾶς Ἀρτέμιδος ἱερὸν εἰς οὐθὲν λογισθῆναι, μέλλειν τε καὶ καθαιρεῖσθαι τῆς μεγαλειότητος αὐτῆς ἣν ὅλη \|ἡ\| Ἀσία καὶ \|ἡ\| οἰκουμένη σέβεται	ου μονον δε τουτο κινδυνευει ημιν το μερος εις απελεγμον ελθειν αλλα και το της μεγαλης θεας αρτεμιδος ιερον εις ουδεν λογισθηναι μελλειν δε και καθαιρεισθαι την μεγαλειοτητα αυτης ην ολη η ασια και η οικουμενη σεβεται	ου μονον δε τουτο κινδυνευει ημιν το μερος εις απελεγμον ελθειν αλλα και το της μεγαλης θεας ιερον αρτεμιδος εις ουθεν λογισθηναι μελλειν δε και καθαιρεισθαι την μεγαλειοτητα αυτης ην ολη η ασια και η οικουμενη σεβεται

Acts 24:24-26 (NET)	Acts 24:24-26 (KJV)
Some days later, when Felix arrived with his wife Drusilla, who was Jewish, he sent for Paul and heard him speak about faith in Christ Jesus.	And after certain days, when Felix came with his wife Drusilla, which was a Jewess, he sent for Paul, and heard him concerning the faith in Christ.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
Μετὰ δὲ ἡμέρας τινὰς παραγενόμενος ὁ Φῆλιξ σὺν Δρουσίλλῃ τῇ ἰδίᾳ γυναικὶ οὔσῃ Ἰουδαίᾳ μετεπέμψατο τὸν Παῦλον καὶ ἤκουσεν αὐτοῦ περὶ τῆς εἰς Χριστὸν Ἰησοῦν πίστεως	μετα δε ημερας τινας παραγενομενος ο φηλιξ συν δρουσιλλη τη γυναικι αυτου ουση ιουδαια μετεπεμψατο τον παυλον και ηκουσεν αυτου περι της εις χριστον πιστεως	μετα δε ημερας τινας παραγενομενος ο φηλιξ συν δρουσιλλη τη γυναικι ουση ιουδαια μετεπεμψατο τον παυλον και ηκουσεν αυτου περι της εις χριστον πιστεως

While Paul was discussing righteousness, self-control, and the coming judgment, Felix became frightened and said, “Go away for now, and when I have an opportunity, I will send for you.”

And as he reasoned of righteousness, temperance, and judgment to come, Felix trembled, and answered, Go thy way for this time; when I have a convenient season, I will call for thee.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
διαλεγομένου δὲ αὐτοῦ περὶ δικαιοσύνης καὶ ἐγκρατείας καὶ τοῦ κρίματος τοῦ μέλλοντος, ἔμφοβος γενόμενος ὁ Φῆλιξ ἀπεκρίθη· τὸ νῦν ἔχον πορεύου, καιρὸν δὲ μεταλαβὼν μετακαλέσομαι σε	διαλεγομενου δε αυτου περι δικαιοσυνης και εγκρατειας και του κριματος του μελλοντος εσεσθαι εμφοβος γενομενος ο φηλιξ απεκριθη το νυν εχον πορευου καιρον δε μεταλαβων μετακαλεσομαι σε	διαλεγομενου δε αυτου περι δικαιοσυνης και εγκρατειας και του κριματος του μελλοντος εσεσθαι εμφοβος γενομενος ο φηλιξ απεκριθη το νυν εχον πορευου καιρον δε μεταλαβων μετακαλεσομαι σε

At the same time he was also hoping that Paul would give him money, and for this reason he sent for Paul as often as possible and talked with him.

He hoped also that money should have been given him of Paul, that he might loose him: wherefore he sent for him the oftener, and communed with him.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
ἅμα καὶ ἐλπίζων ὅτι χρήματα δοθήσεται \|αὐτῷ\| ὑπὸ τοῦ Παύλου· διὸ καὶ πυκνότερον αὐτὸν μεταπεμπόμενος ὡμίλει αὐτῷ	αμα δε και ελπιζων οτι χρηματα δοθησεται αυτω υπο του παυλου οπως λυση αυτον διο και πυκνοτερον αυτον μεταπεμπομενος ωμιλει αυτω	αμα και ελπιζων οτι χρηματα δοθησεται αυτω υπο του παυλου οπως λυση αυτον διο και πυκνοτερον αυτον μεταπεμπομενος ωμιλει αυτω

Romans 2:5 (NET)	Romans 2:5 (KJV)
But because of your stubbornness and your unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath for yourselves in the day of wrath, when God’s righteous judgment is revealed!	But after thy hardness and impenitent heart treasurest up unto thyself wrath against the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God;

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
κατὰ δὲ τὴν σκληρότητα σου καὶ ἀμετανόητον καρδίαν θησαυρίζεις σεαυτῷ ὀργὴν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ ὀργῆς καὶ ἀποκαλύψεως δικαιοκρισίας τοῦ θεοῦ	κατα δε την σκληροτητα σου και αμετανοητον καρδιαν θησαυριζεις σεαυτω οργην εν ημερα οργης και αποκαλυψεως δικαιοκρισιας του θεου	κατα δε την σκληροτητα σου και αμετανοητον καρδιαν θησαυριζεις σεαυτω οργην εν ημερα οργης και αποκαλυψεως και δικαιοκρισιας του θεου

Romans 2:8 (NET)	Romans 2:8 (KJV)
but wrath and anger to those who live in selfish ambition and do not obey the truth but follow unrighteousness.	But unto them that are contentious, and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness, indignation and wrath,

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
τοῖς δὲ ἐξ ἐριθείας καὶ ἀπειθοῦσι τῇ ἀληθείᾳ πειθομένοις δὲ τῇ ἀδικίᾳ ὀργὴ καὶ θυμός	τοις δε εξ εριθειας και απειθουσιν μεν τη αληθεια πειθομενοις δε τη αδικια θυμος και οργη	τοις δε εξ εριθειας και απειθουσιν μεν τη αληθεια πειθομενοις δε τη αδικια θυμος και οργη

Romans 2:13 (NET)	Romans 2:13 (KJV)
For it is not those who hear the law who are righteous before God, but those who do the law will be declared righteous.	(For not the hearers of the law are just before God, but the doers of the law shall be justified.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
οὐ γὰρ οἱ ἀκροαταὶ νόμου δίκαιοι παρὰ [τῷ] θεῷ, ἀλλ᾿ οἱ ποιηταὶ νόμου δικαιωθήσονται	ου γαρ οι ακροαται του νομου δικαιοι παρα τω θεω αλλ οι ποιηται του νομου δικαιωθησονται	ου γαρ οι ακροαται του νομου δικαιοι παρα τω θεω αλλ οι ποιηται του νομου δικαιωθησονται

Acts 5:12 (NET)	Acts 5:12 (KJV)
Now many miraculous signs and wonders came about among the people through the hands of the apostles. By common consent they were all meeting together in Solomon’s Portico.	And by the hands of the apostles were many signs and wonders wrought among the people; (and they were all with one accord in Solomon’s porch.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
Διὰ δὲ τῶν χειρῶν τῶν ἀποστόλων ἐγίνετο σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα πολλὰ ἐν τῷ λαῷ. καὶ ἦσαν ὁμοθυμαδὸν \|ἅπαντες\| ἐν τῇ στοᾷ Σολομῶντος	δια δε των χειρων των αποστολων εγενετο σημεια και τερατα εν τω λαω πολλα και ησαν ομοθυμαδον απαντες εν τη στοα σολομωντος	δια δε των χειρων των αποστολων εγινετο σημεια και τερατα εν τω λαω πολλα και ησαν ομοθυμαδον απαντες εν τη στοα σολομωντος

Acts 5:15, 16 (NET)	Acts 5:15, 16 (KJV)
Thus they even carried the sick out into the streets, and put them on cots and pallets, so that when Peter came by at least his shadow would fall on some of them.	Insomuch that they brought forth the sick into the streets, and laid them on beds and couches, that at the least the shadow of Peter passing by might overshadow some of them.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
ὥστε καὶ εἰς τὰς πλατείας ἐκφέρειν τοὺς ἀσθενεῖς καὶ τιθέναι ἐπὶ κλιναρίων καὶ κραβάττων, ἵνα ἐρχομένου Πέτρου κὰν ἡ σκιὰ \|ἐπισκιάσῃ\| τινὶ αὐτῶν	ωστε κατα τας πλατειας εκφερειν τους ασθενεις και τιθεναι επι κλινων και κραββατων ινα ερχομενου πετρου καν η σκια επισκιαση τινι αυτων	ωστε κατα τας πλατειας εκφερειν τους ασθενεις και τιθεναι επι κλινων και κραββατων ινα ερχομενου πετρου καν η σκια επισκιαση τινι αυτων

A crowd of people from the towns around Jerusalem also came together, bringing the sick and those troubled by unclean spirits. They were all being healed.

There came also a multitude out of the cities round about unto Jerusalem, bringing sick folks, and them which were vexed with unclean spirits: and they were healed every one.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
συνήρχετο δὲ καὶ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν πέριξ πόλεων Ἰερουσαλὴμ φέροντες ἀσθενεῖς καὶ ὀχλουμένους ὑπὸ πνευμάτων ἀκαθάρτων, οἵτινες ἐθεραπεύοντο ἅπαντες	συνηρχετο δε και το πληθος των περιξ πολεων εις ιερουσαλημ φεροντες ασθενεις και οχλουμενους υπο πνευματων ακαθαρτων οιτινες εθεραπευοντο απαντες	συνηρχετο δε και το πληθος των περιξ πολεων εις ιερουσαλημ φεροντες ασθενεις και οχλουμενους υπο πνευματων ακαθαρτων οιτινες εθεραπευοντο απαντες

A Shadow of the Good Things, Part 3

Back to The Lost Son of Perdition, Part 2

Back to Romans, Part 8

Back to Isaiah 53:10-12, Part 7

Back to Christianity, Part 1

Back to Christianity, Part 6

Back to Christianity, Part 8

Back to The Lost Son of Perdition, Part 10

Back to Wonders and False Wonders, Part 3

^[1] The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had αὐτὸν (he in the accusative case) here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had τον παυλον (Paul in the accusative case along with its appropriate article).

^[2] The NET parallel Greek text had ἔθεσι here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus, Byzantine Majority Text and NA²⁸ had εθεσιν.

^[3] The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had κατηγορεῖν here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had κατηγορησαι (KJV: to accuse).

^[4] The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had ἦλθον here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ηκον.

^[5] In the NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ Moses was spelled Μωϋσέως, and μωσεως in the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text.

^[6] The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had τους πεποιθοτας επι τοις χρημασιν (KJV: for them that trust in riches) here. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

^[7] Mark 10:24b (NET)

^[8] From “Innovations in the Text and Translation of the NET Bible, New Testament,” III. Innovations in Text: “The NET New Testament is based on a critically constructed Greek text, following the principles of reasoned eclecticism. The Greek text of the NET NT differs from the Nestle-Aland27 in about 500 places.”

^[9] Mark 10:23b (NET)

^[10] The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had ἡμῖν here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ημων.

^[11] The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had τε here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had δε.

^[12] The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had τῆς μεγαλειότητος here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had την μεγαλειοτητα (KJV: magnificence).

^[13] Luke 11:21, 22 (NET) Table

^[14] John 14:6a (NET)

^[15] The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had ἰδίᾳ here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus had αυτου. The Byzantine Majority Text had neither.

^[16] The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had Ἰησοῦν here. The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text did not.

^[17] The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had μελλοντος εσεσθαι (KJV: to come) here, where the NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had simply μέλλοντος.

^[18] The Stephanus Textus Receptus had δε και here, where the NET parallel Greek text, NA²⁸ and Byzantine Majority Text had simply καὶ.

^[19] The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had οπως λυση αυτον (KJV: that he might loose him) here. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

^[20] The Byzantine Majority Text had και preceding righteous judgment. The NET parallel Greek text, NA²⁸ and Stephanus Textus Receptus did not.

^[21] The NET parallel Greek text had ἀπειθοῦσι here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus, Byzantine Majority Text and NA²⁸ had απειθουσιν. Also, the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had μεν following obey. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.