Son of God – John, Part 3

Posted on February 26, 2013 by admin

This is round two of my attempt to determine whether that the light has come into the world and people loved the darkness rather than the light^[1] is the judgment/condemnation God did not send his Son into the world to do^[2] and has been done already to the one who does not believe,^[3] or the basis for judging,^[4] and the rationale or justification for another unspecified judgment/condemnation. Secondly, assuming that this unspecified judgment/condemnation is to burn in hell for all eternity, I am attempting to discover whether John 3:16-21 offers any scriptural support for the gospel I was socialized into: believe in the Lord Jesus Christ or burn in hell for all eternity.

Jesus certainly taught his disciples about hell (γέεννα).^[5] The note in the NET provides a brief historical sketch: “The word translated hell is ‘Gehenna’ (γέεννα, geenna), a Greek transliteration of the Hebrew words ge hinnom (‘Valley of Hinnom’). This was the valley along the south side of Jerusalem. In OT times it was used for human sacrifices to the pagan god Molech (cf. Jer 7:31; 19:5-6; 32:35), and it came to be used as a place where human excrement and rubbish were disposed of and burned. In the intertestamental period, it came to be used symbolically as the place of divine punishment (cf. 1 En. 27:2, 90:26; 4 Ezra 7:36).”

Jesus said, fear the one who is able to destroy both soul and body in hell.^[6] Fear the one who, after the killing, has authority to throw you into hell. Yes, I tell you, fear him!^[7] Woe to you, experts in the law and you Pharisees, hypocrites! You cross land and sea to make one convert, and when you get one, you make him twice as much a child of hell as yourselves!^[8] You snakes, you offspring of vipers! How will you escape being condemned to hell?^[9]

He made the following comparisons: It is better to lose one of your members than to have your whole body thrown into hell.^[10] It is better for you to enter into life crippled than to have two hands and go into hell, to the unquenchable fire.^[11] It is better to enter life lame than to have two feet and be thrown into hell.^[12] It is better for you to enter into life with one eye than to have two eyes and be thrown into fiery hell.^[13] It is better to enter into the kingdom of God with one eye than to have two eyes and be thrown into hell, where their worm never dies and the fire is never quenched.^[14] And finally Jesus said, whoever says “Fool” will be sent to fiery hell.^[15]

That is some strong language. It lends credence to the NET translation, Now this is the basis for judging: that the light has come into the world and people loved the darkness rather than the light…^[16] After all, this section begins with the statement that God gave his one and only Son, so that everyone who believes in him will not perish but have eternal life.^[17] The Greek word translated will…perish is ἀπόληται (a form of ἀπόλλυμι).^[18] (The negation is μὴ.) One of the metaphorical definitions of ἀπόληται according to the NET online Bible is: “1e) metaph. to devote or give over to eternal misery in hell.” It is translated lose in Matthew 5:29, 30 (NET).

If your right eye causes you to sin, tear it out and throw it away! It is better to lose (ἀπόληται) one of your members than to have your whole body thrown into hell. If your right hand causes you to sin, cut it off and throw it away! It is better to lose (ἀπόληται) one of your members than to have your whole body go into hell.

It was translated be lost in the parable of the lost sheep (Matthew 18:10, 12-14 NET).

See that you do not disdain one of these little ones [who believe in me^[19]]. For I tell you that their angels in heaven always see the face of my Father in heaven…What do you think? If someone owns a hundred sheep and one of them goes astray, will he not leave the ninety-nine on the mountains and go look for the one that went astray? And if he finds it, I tell you the truth, he will rejoice more over it than over the ninety-nine that did not go astray. In the same way, your Father in heaven is not willing (οὐκ^[20] ἔστιν^[21] θέλημα^[22]) that one of these little ones be lost (ἀπόληται).

It was translated will perish when Jesus foretold his disciples’ future (Luke 21:10-19 NET):

Nation will rise up in arms against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be great earthquakes, and famines and plagues in various places, and there will be terrifying sights and great signs from heaven. But before all this, they will seize you and persecute you, handing you over to the synagogues and prisons. You will be brought before kings and governors because of my name. This will be a time for you to serve as witnesses. Therefore be resolved not to rehearse ahead of time how to make your defense. For I will give you the words along with the wisdom that none of your adversaries will be able to withstand or contradict. You will be betrayed even by parents, brothers, relatives, and friends, and they will have some of you put to death. You will be hated by everyone because of my name. Yet not a hair of your head will perish (ἀπόληται). By your endurance you will gain your lives.

When they were all satisfied, after Jesus fed 5,000 or more people with five loaves of bread and two fish, Jesus said to his disciples, “Gather up the broken pieces that are left over, so that nothing is wasted (ἀπόληται).”^[23] But ἀπόληται was translated to perish once again in John’s Gospel when Caiaphas prophesied (John 11:49-53 NET).

Then one of them, Caiaphas, who was high priest that year, said, “You know nothing at all! You do not realize that it is more to your advantage to have one man die for the people than for the whole nation to perish (ἀπόληται).” (Now he did not say this on his own, but because he was high priest that year, he prophesied that Jesus was going to die for the Jewish nation, and not for the Jewish nation only, but to gather together into one the children of God who are scattered.) So from that day they planned together to kill him.

“He was led like a sheep to slaughter, and like a lamb before its shearer is silent, so he did not open his mouth. In humiliation justice (κρίσις)^[24] was taken from him. Who can describe his posterity? For his life was taken away from the earth.”^[25] This was the passage from Isaiah that the Ethiopian eunuch read (aloud presumably) when Philip was led by the Holy Spirit to accompany his chariot on the road from Jerusalem to Gaza. Then the eunuch said to Philip, “Please tell me, who is the prophet saying this about – himself or someone else?” So Philip started speaking, and beginning with this scripture proclaimed the good news about Jesus to him.^[26]

This translation of κρίσις as justice leads me back to the translation of κρίσις as the basis for judging, for what is justice if not a basis for judging? Now this is the basis for judging: that the light has come into the world and people loved the darkness rather than the light, because their deeds were evil.^[27] Viewed this way people were not condemned to be given over to eternal misery in hell because they loved the darkness rather than the light, but because loving the darkness rather than the light demonstrated that their deeds were evil. For everyone who does evil deeds hates the light and does not come to the light, so that their deeds will not be exposed. But the one who practices the truth comes to the light, so that it may be plainly evident that his deeds have been done in God.^[28]

One of the definitions of πονηρὰ (a form of πονηρός),^[29] the word translated evil in verse 19, is “evil wicked, bad.” And one of the definitions of φαῦλα (a form of φαῦλος),^[30] the word translated evil deeds in verse 20, is “bad, base, wicked.”

Son of God – John, Part 4

Back to A Door of Hope, Part 1

Back to The Lost Son of Perdition, Part 2

Back to Keep Yourselves From Idols, Part 3

^[1] John 3:19 (NET)

^[2] John 3:17 (NET)

^[3] John 3:18 (NET)

^[4] John 3:19 (NET)

^[6] Matthew 10:28 (NET)

^[7] Luke 12:5 (NET)

^[8] Matthew 23:15 (NET)

^[9] Matthew 23:33 (NET)

^[10] Matthew 5:29, 30 (NET)

^[11] Mark 9:43 (NET)

^[12] Mark 9:45 (NET)

^[13] Matthew 18:9 (NET)

^[14] Mark 9:47, 48 (NET)

^[15] Matthew 5:22b (NET) Table

^[16] John 3:19 (NET)

^[17] John 3:16 (NET)

^[19] Matthew 18:6 (NET)

^[23] John 6:12 (NET)

^[25] Acts 8:32, 33 (NET)

^[26] Acts 8:34, 35 (NET)

^[27] John 3:19 (NET)

^[28] John 3:20, 21 (NET)

The Will of God – Jesus, Part 2

Posted on August 17, 2012 by admin

Jesus fed about five thousand men (Not counting women and children)¹ with five barley loaves and two fish.² After they gathered the leftovers and filled twelve baskets,³ they began to say to one another, “This is certainly the Prophet who is to come into the world.”⁴ This was a reference to Moses’ prophesy, The Lord your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among you – from your fellow Israelites; you must listen to him.⁵

Immediately Jesus⁶ made the⁷ disciples get into the boat and go ahead of him to the other side (πέραν),⁸ while he dispersed the crowds.⁹ Then Jesus, because he knew they were going to come and seize him by force to make him king, withdrew again up the mountainside alone.¹⁰ Once Jesus finished praying he walked across the water, apparently intending to pass his disciples by. But they saw him, thought he was a ghost, and were afraid. So Jesus got into the boat with them (Mark 6:45-51).

The next day the crowds followed him across the lake. “Rabbi, when did you get here?” they asked. “I tell you the solemn truth,” Jesus said, “you are looking for me not because you saw miraculous signs, but because you ate all the loaves of bread you wanted. Do not work (ἐργάζεσθε, a form of ἐργάζομαι) for the food that disappears, but for the food that remains to eternal life – the food which the Son of Man will give to you. For God the Father has put his seal of approval on him.”¹¹

They asked, “What must we do (ποιῶμεν, a form of ποιέω) to accomplish (ἐργαζώμεθα, another form of ἐργάζομαι) the deeds (ἔργα, a form of ἔργον) God requires?” Jesus replied, “This is the deed (ἔργον) God requires – to believe (πιστεύητε, a form of πιστεύω) in the one whom he sent.”¹² After a free lunch these same people called Jesus the prophesied prophet like Moses. They were ready to make him king. But when asked to believe in him, what He said about Himself? what He said about us? that we should think and do these things?—then the duplicity Jesus saw in them was revealed for all to see.

“Then what miraculous sign will you perform (ποιεῖς, another form of ποιέω), so that we may see (ἴδωμεν, a form of εἴδω) it and believe (πιστεύσωμεν, another form of πιστεύω) you?” they said. “What will you do (ἐργάζῃ, another form of ἐργάζομαι)?”¹³ Obviously, feeding five thousand plus people with fives loaves and two fish wasn’t enough. They required better proof than one free lunch if faith was on the table here. “Our ancestors ate the manna in the wilderness, just as it is written, ‘He gave them bread (ἄρτον, a form of ἄρτος) from heaven to eat.’”¹⁴ In other words, give us unlimited free lunches and we might have something to talk about.

According to a note in the NET the people quoted Psalm 78:24 to Jesus. It’s not a great quotation, more like a paraphrase, but here is the relevant portion of the Psalm, a Psalm of Asaph, one of David’s musicians (Psalm 78:18-32 NET).

They willfully challenged God by asking for food to satisfy their appetite. They insulted God, saying, “Is God really able to give us food in the wilderness? Yes, he struck a rock and water flowed out, streams gushed forth. But can he also give us food? Will he provide meat for his people?” When the Lord heard this, he was furious. A fire broke out against Jacob, and his anger flared up against Israel, because they did not have faith in God, and did not trust his ability to deliver them. He gave a command to the clouds above, and opened the doors in the sky. He rained down manna for them to eat; he gave them the grain (Septuagint: ἄρτον, a form of ἄρτος) of heaven. Man ate the food of the mighty ones. He sent them more than enough to eat. He brought the east wind through the sky, and by his strength led forth the south wind. He rained down meat on them like dust, birds as numerous as the sand on the seashores. He caused them to fall right in the middle of their camp, all around their homes. They ate until they were stuffed; he gave them what they desired. They were not yet filled up, their food was still in their mouths, when the anger of God flared up against them. He killed some of the strongest of them; he brought the young men of Israel to their knees. Despite all this, they continued to sin, and did not trust him to do amazing things.

“I tell you the solemn truth,” Jesus answered, “it is not Moses who has given you the bread (ἄρτον, a form of ἄρτος) from heaven, but my Father is giving you the true bread (ἄρτον, a form of ἄρτος) from heaven [Table]. For the bread (ἄρτος) of God is the one who comes down from heaven and gives life to the world.” “Sir, give us this bread (ἄρτον, a form of ἄρτος) all the time!”¹⁵ they said.

“I am the bread (ἄρτος) of life,”¹⁶ Jesus said. This wasn’t a difficult figure of speech. It came from Moses, Remember the whole way by which he has brought you these forty years through the desert so that he might, by humbling you, test you to see if you have it within you to keep his commandments or not. So he humbled you by making you hungry and then feeding you with unfamiliar manna. He did this to teach you that humankind cannot live by bread (Septuagint: ἄρτῳ, another form of ἄρτος) alone, but also by everything that comes from the Lord’s mouth.¹⁷

“The one who comes to me will never go hungry, Jesus continued, and the one who believes (πιστεύων, another form of πιστεύω) in me will never be thirsty [Table]. But I told you that you have seen me and still do not believe (πιστεύετε, a form of πιστεύω). Everyone whom the Father gives (δίδωσιν, a form of δίδωμι) me will come to me, and the one who comes to me I will never send away. For I have come down from heaven not to do my own will (θέλημα) but the will (θέλημα) of the one who sent me. Now this is the will (θέλημα) of the one who sent me – that I should not lose one person of every one he has given (δέδωκεν, another form of δίδωμι) me, but raise them all up at the last day. For this is the will (θέλημα) of my Father – for everyone who looks (θεωρῶν, a form of θεωρέω) on the Son and believes (πιστεύων, another form of πιστεύω) in him to have eternal life, and I will raise him up at the last day”¹⁸ [Table].

In my imagination I can see one person in that crowd nudge the fellow next to him and ask, “So, uh, does that mean he’s serving lunch, or not?” The actual text reads, Then the Jews who were hostile to Jesus began complaining about him because he said, “I am the bread (ἄρτος) that came down from heaven.”¹⁹

When Jesus’ disciples asked Him, “Who is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven?” He²⁰ called a child, had him stand among them, and said, “I tell you the truth, unless you turn around and become like little children, you will never enter the kingdom of heaven! Whoever then humbles²¹ himself like this little child is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven.”²² Then Jesus warned those who would become stumbling blocks (σκανδάλων, a form of σκάνδαλον) to one of these little ones who believe (πιστευόντων, another form of πιστεύω) in me [Table].²³ But after that He affirmed his own faithfulness to the will of God with a story about a shepherd (Matthew 18:12-14 NET).

If someone owns a hundred sheep and one of them goes astray, will he not leave the ninety-nine on the mountains and go look for the one that went astray? And if he finds it, I tell you the truth, he will rejoice more over it than over the ninety-nine that did not go astray. In the same way, your Father in heaven is not willing (θέλημα) that one of these little ones be lost [Table].

John began his Gospel account with this: [Jesus, the Word who was in the beginning with God, who was God]²⁴ was in the world, and the world was created by him, but the world did not recognize him. He came to what was his own, but his own people did not receive him. But to all who have received him – those who believe (πιστεύουσιν, another form of πιστεύω) in his name – he has given the right to become God’s children – children not born by human parents or by human desire (θελήματος, a form of θέλημα) or a husband’s decision (θελήματος, a form of θέλημα), but by God.²⁵

Addendum: January 31, 2021
As I made the tables for Psalm 78:18-32 it really struck home that neither miraculous signs nor punishment opened unregenerate eyes to see the kingdom of God: “I tell you the solemn truth,” Jesus told Nicodemus, “unless a person is born from above, he cannot see the kingdom of God”²⁶ [Table]. Was Jesus the only one who sang this psalm and understood that? Did all the others, with religious minds, blame their ancestors for being unregenerate human beings and resolve to do better in their own unregenerate strength (e.g., the weakness of their flesh)?

Masoretic Text		Septuagint
Psalm 78:34 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:34 (NET)	Psalm 77:34 (NETS)	Psalm 77:34 (English Elpenor)
When he slew them, then they sought him: and they returned and enquired early after God.	When he struck them down, they sought his favor; they turned back and longed for God.	When he was killing them, they would seek him out, and they would turn to God and be early.	When he slew them, they sought him: and they returned and called betimes upon God.

I just assumed that they who sought him and them who were slain were two different but related groups. Now suddenly, I’m questioning whether that assumption was contradicted by Jesus and this Psalm, which says of those who were yet living in their flesh:

Masoretic Text		Septuagint
Psalm 78:32 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:32 (NET)	Psalm 77:32 (NETS)	Psalm 77:32 (English Elpenor)
For all this they sinned still, and believed not for his wondrous works.	Despite all this, they continued to sin, and did not trust him to do amazing things.	Amidst all these things they still sinned, and they did not believe in his marvels.	In the midst of all this they sinned yet more, and believed not his miracles.

I’ll take a moment to at least consider the implications if they who sought him and them who were slain are one and the same (Luke 20:37, 38).

Masoretic Text		Septuagint
Psalm 78:35-37 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:35-37 (NET)	Psalm 77:35-37 (NETS)	Psalm 77:35-37 (English Elpenor)
And they remembered that God was their rock, and the high God their redeemer.	They remembered that God was their protector and that God Most High was their deliverer.	And they remembered that God was there helper and God the Most High was their redeemer.	And they remembered that God was their helper, and the most high God was their redeemer.
Nevertheless they did flatter him with their mouth, and they lied unto him with their tongues.	But they deceived him with their words and lied to him.	And they deceived him with their mouth, and with their tongue they lied to him.	And they deceived him with their mouth, and with their tongue they lied to him.
For their heart was not right with him, neither were they stedfast in his covenant.	They were not really committed to him, and they were unfaithful to his covenant.	And their heart was not upright with him, nor were they true to his covenant.	For their heart [was] not right with him, neither were they steadfast in his covenant.

The first implication would be that God did his diagnostic work (διαγνωσθῇ, a form of διαγινώσκω; Table below) on both sides of the grave. Second, being freed from sin and being raised (ἐγείρονται, a form of ἐγείρω) had no significant impact on the intrinsic weakness of human flesh. Jesus told a teacher of Israel: What is born of the flesh is flesh, and what is born of the Spirit is spirit. Do not be amazed that I said to you, ‘You must all be born from above.’²⁷

Tables comparing Deuteronomy 18:15; Psalm 78:18; 78:19; 78:20; 78:21; 78:22; 78:23; 78:24; 78:25; 78:26; 78:27; 78:28; 78:29; 78:30; 78:31; 78:32; Deuteronomy 8:2; 8:3; Psalm 78:34; 78:35; 78:36 and 78:37 in the Tanakh, KJV and NET, and comparing Deuteronomy 18:15; Psalm 78:18 (77:18); 78:19 (77:19); 78:20 (77:20); 78:21 (77:21); 78:22 (77:22); 78:23 (77:23); 78:24 (77:24); 78:25 (77:25); 78:26 (77:26); 78:27 (77:27); 78:28 (77:28); 78:29 (77:29); 78:30 (77:30); 78:31 (77:31); 78:32 (77:32); Deuteronomy 8:2; 8:3; Psalm 78:34 (77:34); 78:35 (77:35); 78:36 (77:36) and 78:37 (77:37) in the Septuagint (BLB and Elpenor), and tables comparing John 6:9; 6:13; Matthew 14:22; 18:2 and 18:4 in the NET and KJV follow.

Deuteronomy 18:15 (Tanakh)	Deuteronomy 18:15 (KJV)	Deuteronomy 18:15 (NET)
A prophet will HaShem thy G-d raise up unto thee, from the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me; unto him ye shall hearken;	The LORD thy God will raise up unto thee a Prophet from the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me; unto him ye shall hearken;	The Lord your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among you—from your fellow Israelites; you must listen to him.

Deuteronomy 18:15 (Septuagint BLB)	Deuteronomy 18:15 (Septuagint Elpenor)
προφήτην ἐκ τῶν ἀδελφῶν σου ὡς ἐμὲ ἀναστήσει σοι κύριος ὁ θεός σου αὐτοῦ ἀκούσεσθε	προφήτην ἐκ τῶν ἀδελφῶν σου ὡς ἐμὲ ἀναστήσει σοι Κύριος ὁ Θεός σου, αὐτοῦ ἀκούσεσθε
Deuteronomy 18:15 (NETS)	Deuteronomy 18:15 (English Elpenor)
The Lord your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your brothers; you shall hear him.	The Lord thy God shall raise up to thee a prophet of thy brethren, like me; him shall ye hear:

Psalm 78:18 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:18 (KJV)	Psalm 78:18 (NET)
And they tempted God in their heart by asking meat for their lust.	And they tempted God in their heart by asking meat for their lust.	They willfully challenged God by asking for food to satisfy their appetite.

Psalm 78:18 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:18 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐξεπείρασαν τὸν θεὸν ἐν ταῗς καρδίαις αὐτῶν τοῦ αἰτῆσαι βρώματα ταῗς ψυχαῗς αὐτῶν	καὶ ἐξεπείρασαν τὸν Θεὸν ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις αὐτῶν, τοῦ αἰτῆσαι βρώματα ταῖς ψυχαῖς αὐτῶν
Psalm 77:18 (NETS)	Psalm 77:18 (English Elpenor)
And they tested God in their hearts by demanding food for their souls.	And they tempted God in their hearts, in asking meat for [the desire of] their souls.

Psalm 78:19 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:19 (KJV)	Psalm 78:19 (NET)
Yea, they spake against God; they said, Can God furnish a table in the wilderness?	Yea, they spake against God; they said, Can God furnish a table in the wilderness?	They insulted God, saying, “Is God really able to give us food in the wilderness?

Psalm 78:19 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:19 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ κατελάλησαν τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ εἶπαν μὴ δυνήσεται ὁ θεὸς ἑτοιμάσαι τράπεζαν ἐν ἐρήμῳ	καὶ κατελάλησαν τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ εἶπαν· μὴ δυνήσεται ὁ Θεὸς ἑτοιμάσαι τράπεζαν ἐν ἐρήμῳ
Psalm 77:19 (NETS)	Psalm 77:19 (English Elpenor)
And they spoke against God and said, “Surely, God will not be able to spread a table in a wilderness?	They spoke also against God, and said, Will God be able to prepare a table in the wilderness?

Psalm 78:20 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:20 (KJV)	Psalm 78:20 (NET)
Behold, he smote the rock, that the waters gushed out, and the streams overflowed; can he give bread also? can he provide flesh for his people?	Behold, he smote the rock, that the waters gushed out, and the streams overflowed; can he give bread also? can he provide flesh for his people?	Yes, he struck a rock and water flowed out; streams gushed forth. But can he also give us food? Will he provide meat for his people?”

Psalm 78:20 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:20 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐπεὶ ἐπάταξεν πέτραν καὶ ἐρρύησαν ὕδατα καὶ χείμαρροι κατεκλύσθησαν μὴ καὶ ἄρτον δύναται δοῦναι ἢ ἑτοιμάσαι τράπεζαν τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ	ἐπεὶ ἐπάταξε πέτραν καὶ ἐρρύησαν ὕδατα καὶ χείμαρροι κατεκλύσθησαν, μὴ καὶ ἄρτον δύναται δοῦναι ἢ ἑτοιμάσαι τράπεζαν τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ
Psalm 77:20 (NETS)	Psalm 77:20 (English Elpenor)
Even though he struck a rock and waters gushed out and wadis deluged, surely, he cannot also give bread or spread a table for his people?”	Forasmuch as he smote the rock, and the waters flowed, and the torrents ran abundantly; will he be able also to give bread, or prepare a table for his people?

Psalm 78:21 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:21 (KJV)	Psalm 78:21 (NET)
Therefore the LORD heard this, and was wroth: so a fire was kindled against Jacob, and anger also came up against Israel;	Therefore the LORD heard this, and was wroth: so a fire was kindled against Jacob, and anger also came up against Israel;	When the Lord heard this, he was furious. A fire broke out against Jacob, and his anger flared up against Israel,

Psalm 78:21 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:21 (Septuagint Elpenor)
διὰ τοῦτο ἤκουσεν κύριος καὶ ἀνεβάλετο καὶ πῦρ ἀνήφθη ἐν Ιακωβ καὶ ὀργὴ ἀνέβη ἐπὶ τὸν Ισραηλ	διὰ τοῦτο ἤκουσε Κύριος καὶ ἀνεβάλετο, καὶ πῦρ ἀνήφθη ἐν ᾿Ιακώβ, καὶ ὀργὴ ἀνέβη ἐπὶ τὸν ᾿Ισραήλ,
Psalm 77:21 (NETS)	Psalm 77:21 (English Elpenor)
Therefore the Lord heard and was put out, and a fire was kindled in Iakob, and anger mounted against Israel,	Therefore the Lord heard, and was provoked: and fire was kindled in Jacob, and wrath went up against Israel.

Psalm 78:22 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:22 (KJV)	Psalm 78:22 (NET)
Because they believed not in God, and trusted not in his salvation:	Because they believed not in God, and trusted not in his salvation:	because they did not have faith in God and did not trust his ability to deliver them.

Psalm 78:22 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:22 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ὅτι οὐκ ἐπίστευσαν ἐν τῷ θεῷ οὐδὲ ἤλπισαν ἐπὶ τὸ σωτήριον αὐτοῦ	ὅτι οὐκ ἐπίστευσαν ἐν τῷ Θεῷ οὐδὲ ἤλπισαν ἐπὶ τὸ σωτήριον αὐτοῦ
Psalm 77:22 (NETS)	Psalm 77:22 (English Elpenor)
because they had no faith in God nor did they hope in his saving power.	Because they believed not in God, and trusted not in his salvation.

Psalm 78:23 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:23 (KJV)	Psalm 78:23 (NET)
Though he had commanded the clouds from above, and opened the doors of heaven,	Though he had commanded the clouds from above, and opened the doors of heaven,	He gave a command to the clouds above and opened the doors in the sky.

Psalm 78:23 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:23 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐνετείλατο νεφέλαις ὑπεράνωθεν καὶ θύρας οὐρανοῦ ἀνέῳξεν	καὶ ἐνετείλατο νεφέλαις ὑπεράνωθεν καὶ θύρας οὐρανοῦ ἀνέῳξε
Psalm 77:23 (NETS)	Psalm 77:23 (English Elpenor)
And he commanded clouds above and opened heaven’s doors,	Because they believed not in God, and trusted not in his salvation.

Psalm 78:24 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:24 (KJV)	Psalm 78:24 (NET)
And had rained down manna upon them to eat, and had given them of the corn of heaven.	And had rained down manna upon them to eat, and had given them of the corn of heaven.	He rained down manna for them to eat; he gave them the grain of heaven.

Psalm 78:24 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:24 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἔβρεξεν αὐτοῗς μαννα φαγεῗν καὶ ἄρτον οὐρανοῦ ἔδωκεν αὐτοῗς	καὶ ἔβρεξεν αὐτοῖς μάννα φαγεῖν καὶ ἄρτον οὐρανοῦ ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς
Psalm 77:24 (NETS)	Psalm 77:24 (English Elpenor)
and he rained down manna for them to eat, and heaven’s bread he gave them.	and rained upon them manna to eat, and gave them the bread of heaven.

Psalm 78:25 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:25 (KJV)	Psalm 78:25 (NET)
Man did eat angels’ food: he sent them meat to the full.	Man did eat angels’ food: he sent them meat to the full.	Man ate the food of the mighty ones. He sent them more than enough to eat.

Psalm 78:25 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:25 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἄρτον ἀγγέλων ἔφαγεν ἄνθρωπος ἐπισιτισμὸν ἀπέστειλεν αὐτοῗς εἰς πλησμονήν	ἄρτον ἀγγέλων ἔφαγεν ἄνθρωπος, ἐπισιτισμὸν ἀπέστειλεν αὐτοῖς εἰς πλησμονήν
Psalm 77:25 (NETS)	Psalm 77:25 (English Elpenor)
Bread of angels man ate; provisions he sent them in abundance.	Man ate angels’ bread; he sent them provision to the full.

Psalm 78:26 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:26 (KJV)	Psalm 78:26 (NET)
He caused an east wind to blow in the heaven: and by his power he brought in the south wind.	He caused an east wind to blow in the heaven: and by his power he brought in the south wind.	He brought the east wind through the sky and by his strength led forth the south wind.

Psalm 78:26 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:26 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἀπῆρεν νότον ἐξ οὐρανοῦ καὶ ἐπήγαγεν ἐν τῇ δυναστείᾳ αὐτοῦ λίβα	ἀπῇρε Νότον ἐξ οὐρανοῦ καὶ ἐπήγαγεν ἐν τῇ δυνάμει αὐτοῦ Λίβα
Psalm 77:26 (NETS)	Psalm 77:26 (English Elpenor)
He removed a south wind from heaven, and he led on, by his dominance, a southwest wind,	He removed the south wind from heaven; and by his might he brought in the south-west wind.

Psalm 78:27 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:27 (KJV)	Psalm 78:27 (NET)
He rained flesh also upon them as dust, and feathered fowls like as the sand of the sea:	He rained flesh also upon them as dust, and feathered fowls like as the sand of the sea:	He rained down meat on them like dust, birds as numerous as the sand on the seashores.

Psalm 78:27 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:27 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἔβρεξεν ἐπ᾽ αὐτοὺς ὡσεὶ χοῦν σάρκας καὶ ὡσεὶ ἄμμον θαλασσῶν πετεινὰ πτερωτά	καὶ ἔβρεξεν ἐπ᾿ αὐτοὺς ὡσεὶ χοῦν σάρκας καὶ ὡσεὶ ἄμμον θαλασσῶν πετεινὰ πτερωτά
Psalm 77:27 (NETS)	Psalm 77:27 (English Elpenor)
and he rained upon them flesh like dust and winged birds like the sand of seas,	And he rained upon them flesh like dust, and feathered birds like the sand of the seas.

Psalm 78:28 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:28 (KJV)	Psalm 78:28 (NET)
And he let it fall in the midst of their camp, round about their habitations.	And he let it fall in the midst of their camp, round about their habitations.	He caused them to fall right in the middle of their camp, all around their homes.

Psalm 78:28 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:28 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐπέπεσον εἰς μέσον τῆς παρεμβολῆς αὐτῶν κύκλῳ τῶν σκηνωμάτων αὐτῶν	καὶ ἐπέπεσον ἐν μέσῳ παρεμβολῆς αὐτῶν κύκλῳ τῶν σκηνωμάτων αὐτῶν
Psalm 77:28 (NETS)	Psalm 77:28 (English Elpenor)
and they fell in the midst of their camp, all around their coverts.	And they fell into the midst of their camp, round about their tents.

Psalm 78:29 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:29 (KJV)	Psalm 78:29 (NET)
So they did eat, and were well filled: for he gave them their own desire;	So they did eat, and were well filled: for he gave them their own desire;	They ate until they were beyond full; he gave them what they desired.

Psalm 78:29 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:29 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐφάγοσαν καὶ ἐνεπλήσθησαν σφόδρα καὶ τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν αὐτῶν ἤνεγκεν αὐτοῗς	καὶ ἔφαγον καὶ ἐνεπλήσθησαν σφόδρα, καὶ τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν αὐτῶν ἤνεγκεν αὐτοῖς
Psalm 77:29 (NETS)	Psalm 77:29 (English Elpenor)
And they ate and were well filled, and what they craved he brought them;	So they ate, and were completely filled; and he gave them their desire.

Psalm 78:30 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:30 (KJV)	Psalm 78:30 (NET)
They were not estranged from their lust. But while their meat was yet in their mouths,	They were not estranged from their lust. But while their meat was yet in their mouths,	They were not yet filled up; their food was still in their mouths

Psalm 78:30 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:30 (Septuagint Elpenor)
οὐκ ἐστερήθησαν ἀπὸ τῆς ἐπιθυμίας αὐτῶν ἔτι τῆς βρώσεως αὐτῶν οὔσης ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτῶν	οὐκ ἐστερήθησαν ἀπὸ τῆς ἐπιθυμίας αὐτῶν. ἔτι τῆς βρώσεως οὔσης ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτῶν,
Psalm 77:30 (NETS)	Psalm 77:30 (English Elpenor)
they were not deprived of what they craved. While their food was still in their mouth,	They were not disappointed of their desire: [but] when their food was yet in their mouth,

Psalm 78:31 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:31 (KJV)	Psalm 78:31 (NET)
The wrath of God came upon them, and slew the fattest of them, and smote down the chosen men of Israel.	The wrath of God came upon them, and slew the fattest of them, and smote down the chosen men of Israel.	when the anger of God flared up against them. He killed some of the strongest of them; he brought the young men of Israel to their knees.

Psalm 78:31 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:31 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ὀργὴ τοῦ θεοῦ ἀνέβη ἐπ᾽ αὐτοὺς καὶ ἀπέκτεινεν ἐν τοῗς πίοσιν αὐτῶν καὶ τοὺς ἐκλεκτοὺς τοῦ Ισραηλ συνεπόδισεν	καὶ ἡ ὀργὴ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀνέβη ἐπ᾿ αὐτούς, καὶ ἀπέκτεινεν ἐν τοῖς πλείοσιν αὐτῶν, καὶ τοὺς ἐκλεκτοὺς τοῦ ᾿Ισραὴλ συνεπόδισεν
Psalm 77:31 (NETS)	Psalm 77:31 (English Elpenor)
God’s wrath also rose against them, and he killed among their sleek ones, and the select of Israel he shackled.	then the indignation of God rose up against them, and slew the fattest of them, and overthrew the choice men of Israel.

Psalm 78:32 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:32 (KJV)	Psalm 78:32 (NET)
For all this they sinned still, and believed not for his wondrous works.	For all this they sinned still, and believed not for his wondrous works.	Despite all this, they continued to sin, and did not trust him to do amazing things.

Psalm 78:32 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:32 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐν πᾶσιν τούτοις ἥμαρτον ἔτι καὶ οὐκ ἐπίστευσαν ἐν τοῗς θαυμασίοις αὐτοῦ	ἐν πᾶσι τούτοις ἥμαρτον ἔτι καὶ οὐκ ἐπίστευσαν ἐν τοῖς θαυμασίοις αὐτοῦ
Psalm 77:32 (NETS)	Psalm 77:32 (English Elpenor)
Amidst all these things they still sinned, and they did not believe in his marvels.	In the midst of all this they sinned yet more, and believed not his miracles.

Deuteronomy 8:2 (Tanakh)	Deuteronomy 8:2 (KJV)	Deuteronomy 8:2 (NET)
And thou shalt remember all the way which HaShem thy G-d hath led thee these forty years in the wilderness, that He might afflict thee, to prove thee, to know what was in thy heart, whether thou wouldest keep His commandments, or no.	And thou shalt remember all the way which the LORD thy God led thee these forty years in the wilderness, to humble thee, and to prove thee, to know what was in thine heart, whether thou wouldest keep his commandments, or no.	Remember the whole way by which he has brought you these 40 years through the wilderness so that he might, by humbling you, test you to see if you have it within you to keep his commandments or not.

Deuteronomy 8:2 (Septuagint BLB)	Deuteronomy 8:2 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ μνησθήσῃ πᾶσαν τὴν ὁδόν ἣν ἤγαγέν σε κύριος ὁ θεός σου ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ ὅπως ἂν κακώσῃ σε καὶ ἐκπειράσῃ σε καὶ διαγνωσθῇ τὰ ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ σου εἰ φυλάξῃ τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ ἢ οὔ	καὶ μνησθήσῃ πᾶσαν τὴν ὁδόν, ἣν ἤγαγέ σε Κύριος ὁ Θεός σου ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, ὅπως ἂν κακώσῃ σε καὶ πειράσῃ σε καὶ διαγνωσθῇ τὰ ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ σου, εἰ φυλάξῃ τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ ἢ οὔ
Deuteronomy 8:2 (NETS)	Deuteronomy 8:2 (English Elpenor)
And you shall remember all the way that the Lord your God has led you in the wilderness so that he might distress you in the wilderness so that he might distress you and test you and discern the things in your heart, whether you would keep his commandments or not.	And thou shalt remember all the way which the Lord thy God led thee in the wilderness, that he might afflict thee, and try thee, and that the things in thine heart might be made manifest, whether thou wouldest keep his commandments or no.

Deuteronomy 8:3 (Tanakh)	Deuteronomy 8:3 (KJV)	Deuteronomy 8:3 (NET)
And He afflicted thee, and suffered thee to hunger, and fed thee with manna, which thou knewest not, neither did thy fathers know; that He might make thee know that man doth not live by bread only, but by every thing that proceedeth out of the mouth of HaShem doth man live.	And he humbled thee, and suffered thee to hunger, and fed thee with manna, which thou knewest not, neither did thy fathers know; that he might make thee know that man doth not live by bread only, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of the LORD doth man live.	So he humbled you by making you hungry and then feeding you with unfamiliar manna. He did this to teach you that humankind cannot live by bread alone, but also by everything that comes from the Lord’s mouth.

Deuteronomy 8:3 (Septuagint BLB)	Deuteronomy 8:3 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐκάκωσέν σε καὶ ἐλιμαγχόνησέν σε καὶ ἐψώμισέν σε τὸ μαννα ὃ οὐκ εἴδησαν οἱ πατέρες σου ἵνα ἀναγγείλῃ σοι ὅτι οὐκ ἐπ᾽ ἄρτῳ μόνῳ ζήσεται ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἀλλ᾽ ἐπὶ παντὶ ῥήματι τῷ ἐκπορευομένῳ διὰ στόματος θεοῦ ζήσεται ὁ ἄνθρωπος	καὶ ἐκάκωσέ σε καὶ ἐλιμαγχόνησέ σε καὶ ἐψώμισέ σε τὸ μάννα, ὃ οὐκ ᾔδεισαν οἱ πατέρες σου, ἵνα ἀναγγείλῃ σοι, ὅτι οὐκ ἐπ᾿ ἄρτῳ μόνῳ ζήσεται ὁ ἄνθρωπος, ἀλλ᾿ ἐπὶ παντὶ ῥήματι τῷ ἐκπορευομένῳ διὰ στόματος Θεοῦ ζήσεται ὁ ἄνθρωπος
Deuteronomy 8:3 (NETS)	Deuteronomy 8:3 (English Elpenor)
And he distressed you and let you hunger and fed you with manna with which your fathers were not acquainted in order to announce to you that man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that goes out through the mouth of God man shall live.	And he afflicted thee and straitened thee with hunger, and fed thee with manna, which thy fathers knew not; that he might teach thee that man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceeds out of the mouth of God shall man live.

Psalm 78:34 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:34 (KJV)	Psalm 78:34 (NET)
When he slew them, then they sought him: and they returned and enquired early after God.	When he slew them, then they sought him: and they returned and enquired early after God.	When he struck them down, they sought his favor; they turned back and longed for God.

Psalm 78:34 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:34 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ὅταν ἀπέκτεννεν αὐτούς ἐξεζήτουν αὐτὸν καὶ ἐπέστρεφον καὶ ὤρθριζον πρὸς τὸν θεὸν	ὅταν ἀπέκτειναν αὐτούς, τότε ἐξεζήτουν αὐτὸν καὶ ἐπέστρεφον καὶ ὤρθριζον πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν
Psalm 77:34 (NETS)	Psalm 77:34 (English Elpenor)
When he was killing them, they would seek him out, and they would turn to God and be early.	When he slew them, they sought him: and they returned and called betimes upon God.

Psalm 78:35 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:35 (KJV)	Psalm 78:35 (NET)
And they remembered that God was their rock, and the high God their redeemer.	And they remembered that God was their rock, and the high God their redeemer.	They remembered that God was their protector and that God Most High was their deliverer.

Psalm 78:35 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:35 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐμνήσθησαν ὅτι ὁ θεὸς βοηθὸς αὐτῶν ἐστιν καὶ ὁ θεὸς ὁ ὕψιστος λυτρωτὴς αὐτῶν ἐστιν	καὶ ἐμνήσθησαν ὅτι ὁ Θεὸς βοηθὸς αὐτῶν ἐστι καὶ ὁ Θεὸς ὁ ῞Υψιστος λυτρωτὴς αὐτῶν ἐστι
Psalm 77:35 (NETS)	Psalm 77:35 (English Elpenor)
And they remembered that God was there helper and God the Most High was their redeemer.	And they remembered that God was their helper, and the most high God was their redeemer.

Psalm 78:36 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:36 (KJV)	Psalm 78:36 (NET)
Nevertheless they did flatter him with their mouth, and they lied unto him with their tongues.	Nevertheless they did flatter him with their mouth, and they lied unto him with their tongues.	But they deceived him with their words and lied to him.

Psalm 78:36 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:36 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἠπάτησαν αὐτὸν ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτῶν καὶ τῇ γλώσσῃ αὐτῶν ἐψεύσαντο αὐτῷ	καὶ ἠγάπησαν αὐτὸν ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτῶν καὶ τῇ γλώσσῃ αὐτῶν ἐψεύσαντο αὐτῷ
Psalm 77:36 (NETS)	Psalm 77:36 (English Elpenor)
And they deceived him with their mouth, and with their tongue they lied to him.	Yet they loved him [only] with their mouth, and lied to him with their tongue.

Psalm 78:37 (Tanakh)	Psalm 78:37 (KJV)	Psalm 78:37 (NET)
For their heart was not right with him, neither were they stedfast in his covenant.	For their heart was not right with him, neither were they stedfast in his covenant.	They were not really committed to him, and they were unfaithful to his covenant.

Psalm 78:37 (Septuagint BLB)	Psalm 77:37 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἡ δὲ καρδία αὐτῶν οὐκ εὐθεῗα μετ᾽ αὐτοῦ οὐδὲ ἐπιστώθησαν ἐν τῇ διαθήκῃ αὐτοῦ	ἡ δὲ καρδία αὐτῶν οὐκ εὐθεῖα μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ, οὐδὲ ἐπιστώθησαν ἐν τῇ διαθήκῃ αὐτοῦ
Psalm 77:37 (NETS)	Psalm 77:37 (English Elpenor)
And their heart was not upright with him, nor were they true to his covenant.	For their heart [was] not right with him, neither were they steadfast in his covenant.

John 6:9 (NET)	John 6:9 (KJV)
“Here is a boy who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what good are these for so many people?”	There is a lad here, which hath five barley loaves, and two small fishes: but what are they among so many?

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
ἔστιν παιδάριον ὧδε ὃς ἔχει πέντε ἄρτους κριθίνους καὶ δύο ὀψάρια· ἀλλὰ ταῦτα τί ἐστιν εἰς τοσούτους	εστιν παιδαριον εν ωδε ο εχει πεντε αρτους κριθινους και δυο οψαρια αλλα ταυτα τι εστιν εις τοσουτους	εστιν παιδαριον εν ωδε ο εχει πεντε αρτους κριθινους και δυο οψαρια αλλα ταυτα τι εστιν εις τοσουτους

John 6:13 (NET)	John 6:13 (KJV)
So they gathered them up and filled 12 baskets with broken pieces from the five barley loaves left over by the people who had eaten.	Therefore they gathered them together, and filled twelve baskets with the fragments of the five barley loaves, which remained over and above unto them that had eaten.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
συνήγαγον οὖν καὶ ἐγέμισαν δώδεκα κοφίνους κλασμάτων ἐκ τῶν πέντε ἄρτων τῶν κριθίνων ἃ ἐπερίσσευσαν τοῖς βεβρωκόσιν	συνηγαγον ουν και εγεμισαν δωδεκα κοφινους κλασματων εκ των πεντε αρτων των κριθινων α επερισσευσεν τοις βεβρωκοσιν	συνηγαγον ουν και εγεμισαν δωδεκα κοφινους κλασματων εκ των πεντε αρτων των κριθινων α επερισσευσεν τοις βεβρωκοσιν

Matthew 14:22 (NET)	Matthew 14:22 (KJV)
Immediately Jesus made the disciples get into the boat and go ahead of him to the other side, while he dispersed the crowds.	And straightway Jesus constrained his disciples to get into a ship, and to go before him unto the other side, while he sent the multitudes away.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
Καὶ \|εὐθέως\| ἠνάγκασεν τοὺς μαθητὰς ἐμβῆναι εἰς \|τὸ\| πλοῖον καὶ προάγειν αὐτὸν εἰς τὸ πέραν, ἕως οὗ ἀπολύσῃ τοὺς ὄχλους	και ευθεως ηναγκασεν ο ιησους τους μαθητας αυτου εμβηναι εις το πλοιον και προαγειν αυτον εις το περαν εως ου απολυση τους οχλους	και ευθεως ηναγκασεν ο ιησους τους μαθητας εμβηναι εις το πλοιον και προαγειν αυτον εις το περαν εως ου απολυση τους οχλους

Matthew 18:2 (NET)	Matthew 18:2 (KJV)
He called a child, had him stand among them,	And Jesus called a little child unto him, and set him in the midst of them,

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
καὶ προσκαλεσάμενος παιδίον ἔστησεν αὐτὸ ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῶν	και προσκαλεσαμενος ο ιησους παιδιον εστησεν αυτο εν μεσω αυτων	και προσκαλεσαμενος ο ιησους παιδιον εστησεν αυτο εν μεσω αυτων

Matthew 18:4 (NET)	Matthew 18:4 (KJV)
Whoever then humbles himself like this little child is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven.	Whosoever therefore shall humble himself as this little child, the same is greatest in the kingdom of heaven.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
ὅστις οὖν ταπεινώσει ἑαυτὸν ὡς τὸ παιδίον τοῦτο, οὗτος ἐστιν ὁ μείζων ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τῶν οὐρανῶν	οστις ουν ταπεινωση εαυτον ως το παιδιον τουτο ουτος εστιν ο μειζων εν τη βασιλεια των ουρανων	οστις ουν ταπεινωσει εαυτον ως το παιδιον τουτο ουτος εστιν ο μειζων εν τη βασιλεια των ουρανων