What follows is an analysis of Paul’s Old Testament quotations in Romans 10:18-21:
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# |
Paul (NET) |
Blue Letter Bible (Septuagint) |
NET Bible (Greek parallel text) |
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1 |
Their voice has gone out to all the earth, and their words to the ends of the world.
Romans 10:18 (NET) |
εἰς πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν ἐξῆλθεν ὁ φθόγγος αὐτῶν καὶ εἰς τὰ πέρατα τῆς οἰκουμένης τὰ ῥήματα αὐτῶν | εις πασαν την γην εξηλθεν ο φθογγος αυτων και εις τα περατα της οικουμενης τα ρηματα αυτων |
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2 |
I will make you jealous by those who are not a nation; with a senseless nation I will provoke you to anger.
Romans 10:19b (NET) Table |
κἀγὼ παραζηλώσω αὐτοὺς ἐπ᾽ οὐκ ἔθνει ἐπ᾽ ἔθνει ἀσυνέτῳ παροργιῶ αὐτούς | εγω παραζηλωσω υμας επ ουκ εθνει επ εθνει ασυνετω παροργιω υμας |
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3 |
I was found by those who did not seek me; I became well known to those who did not ask for me.
Romans 10:20 (NET) |
ἐμφανὴς ἐγενόμην τοῖς ἐμὲ μὴ ζητοῦσιν εὑρέθην τοῖς ἐμὲ μὴ ἐπερωτῶσιν | ευρεθην τοις εμε μη ζητουσιν εμφανης εγενομην τοις εμε μη επερωτωσιν |
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4 |
All day long I held out my hands to this disobedient and stubborn people!
Romans 10:21 (NET) |
ἐξεπέτασα τὰς χεῖράς μου ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν πρὸς λαὸν ἀπειθοῦντα καὶ ἀντιλέγοντα | ολην την ημεραν εξεπετασα τας χειρας μου προς λαον απειθουντα και αντιλεγοντα |
In Item #1 the Septuagint and the parallel Greek text are identical except for accent marks.1 An interesting sidebar is Psalm 19:12-14. The Psalm begins, The heavens declare the glory of God.2 The song’s second verse, so to speak, begins, The law of the Lord is perfect.3 From then on David praised God’s law and concluded, Yes, your servant finds moral guidance there; those who obey them receive a rich reward.4 The Gospel message followed that in the King James translation, and I include the NET side by side for comparison.
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Psalm 19:12-14 (KJV) |
Psalm 19:12-14 (NET) |
| Who can understand his errors? cleanse thou me from secret faults. Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sins; let them not have dominion over me: then shall I be upright, and I shall be innocent from the great transgression. Let the words of my mouth, and the meditation of my heart, be acceptable in thy sight, O LORD, my strength, and my redeemer. | Who can know all his errors? Please do not punish me for sins I am unaware of. Moreover, keep me from committing flagrant sins; do not allow such sins to control me. Then I will be blameless, and innocent of blatant rebellion. May my words and my thoughts be acceptable in your sight, O Lord, my sheltering rock and my redeemer. |
In the KJV David recognized his inability to keep the law and asked God to cleanse his secret faults and to keep him back from presumptuous sins. In the more contemporary translation of the Hebrew in the NET it sounds like David tried to strike a special deal with God to more or less ignore the sins he was unaware of. There is still a hint of the Gospel in his faith that God would keep him from flagrant sins. But it almost sounds like a question: Surely that will be good enough, won’t it? Addressing the Lord as my strength and my redeemer is more reminiscent to me of Paul’s insight (the one bringing forth in you both the desire and the effort – for the sake of his good pleasure – is God)5 than my sheltering rock and my redeemer.
The differences in Item #2 are mostly related to changing the verse from the third person them (αὐτοὺς) to the second person you (υμας). Also, two different forms of I are used, κἀγὼ in the Septuagint and εγω in the parallel Greek text.
I assume Paul quoted Isaiah 65:1 by memory in Item #3. The clauses are reversed and so are ζητοῦσιν (seek for me) and ἐπερωτῶσιν (ask for me). So the Septuagint would translate something like, I became well known to those who did not seek me; I was found by those who did not ask for me.
The Septuagint in Item #4 began ἐξεπέτασα τὰς χεῖράς μου (I held out my hands) ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν (all day long). The parallel Greek text began ολην την ημεραν (all day long) εξεπετασα τας χειρας μου (I held out my hands). And still today in a contemporary translation of the Hebrew Isaiah 65:1-5 (NET) reads:
I made myself available to those who did not ask for me; I appeared to those who did not look for me. I said, “Here I am! Here I am!” to a nation that did not invoke my name [Table]. I spread out my hands all day long to my rebellious people, who lived in a way that is morally unacceptable, and who did what they desired [Table]. These people continually and blatantly offend me as they sacrifice in their sacred orchards and burn incense on brick altars. They sit among the tombs and keep watch all night long. They eat pork, and broth from unclean sacrificial meat is in their pans. They say, “Keep to yourself! Don’t get near me, for I am holier than you!” These people are like smoke in my nostrils, like a fire that keeps burning all day long.
Addendum: December 3, 2019
A table comparing English translations of Psalm 19:11 from the Masoretic text and the Septuagint follows.
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Masoretic Text |
Septuagint | ||
| Psalm 19:11 (Tanakh) | Psalm 19:11 (NET) | Psalm 18:12 (NETS) |
Psalm 18:12 (English Elpenor) |
| Moreover by them is thy servant warned (נִזְהָ֣ר): and in keeping (בְּ֜שָׁמְרָ֗ם) of them there is great reward. | Yes, your servant finds moral guidance (zāhar, נזהר) there; those who obey (šāmar, בשמרם) them receive a rich reward. | Indeed, your slave guards (φυλάσσει) them; in guarding (φυλάσσειν) them there is great reward. | For thy servant keeps to (φυλάσσει) them: in the keeping (φυλάσσειν) of them [there is] great reward. |
The Septuagint—“your slave guards them,” thy servant keeps to them—has more of a definitional flavor than the stick or carrot approach of the Masoretic text —by them is thy servant warned, those who obey them receive a rich reward. The Septuagint here is more akin to Jesus’ promise—If you love me, you will obey my commandments6—discussing the Holy Spirit. I tend to favor it’s translation of this psalm of David because of his own relationship to the Holy Spirit:
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Masoretic Text |
Septuagint | ||
| Psalm 51:11, 12 (Tanakh) | 51:11, 12 (NET) | Psalm 50:13, 14 (NETS) |
Psalm 50:13, 14 (English Elpenor) |
| Cast me not away from thy presence; and take not thy holy spirit from me. | Do not reject me. Do not take your holy Spirit away from me. | Do not cast me away from your face, and your holy spirit do not take from me. | Cast me not away from thy presence; and remove not thy holy Spirit from me. |
| Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation; and uphold me with thy free spirit. | Let me again experience the joy of your deliverance. Sustain me by giving me the desire to obey. | Restore to me the joy of your deliverance, and with a leading (ἡγεμονικῷ) spirit support me. | Restore to me the joy of thy salvation: establish me with thy directing (ἡγεμονικῷ) Spirit. |
Another version of the Tanakh was much closer to the Septuagint: Also Your servant was careful with them; for in observing them there is great reward.7 Apparently נִזְהָ֣ר can mean both depending on context and vowel points.
A table comparing English translations of Psalm 19:12 from the Masoretic text and the Septuagint follows.
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Masoretic Text |
Septuagint | ||
| Psalm 19:12 (Tanakh) | Psalm 19:12 (NET) | Psalm 18:13 (NETS) |
Psalm 18:13 (English Elpenor) |
| Who can understand his errors? cleanse thou me from secret faults. | Who can know all his errors? Please do not punish me for sins I am unaware of. | Transgressions—who shall detect them? From my hidden ones clear me. | Who will understand [his] transgressions? purge thou me from my secret [sins]. |
NET note 38 acknowledged: “Heb ‘declare me innocent from hidden [things],’ i.e., sins.” But still, it was rendered: Please do not punish me for sins I am unaware of. And I am grateful that I’m not the only one who had this fixation on punishment, especially as I find it more difficult to see any rational equivalence between do not punish me and cleanse…me, clear me or purge me of any sin, whether hidden from me or not. I struggled to understand this all through the David’s Forgiveness essays. Maybe I have a better way to express it now.
Peter didn’t fully embrace Jesus’ saying: You people are from your father the devil, and you want to do what your father desires.8 He believed almost nothing of what Jesus began to show his disciples that he must go to Jerusalem and suffer many things at the hands of the elders, chief priests, and experts in the law, and be killed, and on the third day be raised.9 He certainly didn’t believe he would deny knowing Jesus three times. So, as Jesus was about to be arrested (John 18:10, 11 NET):
Simon Peter, who had a sword, pulled it out and struck the high priest’s slave, cutting off his right ear. (Now the slave’s name was Malchus.) [Table] But Jesus said to Peter, “Put your10 sword back into its sheath! Am I not to drink the cup that the Father has given me?”
Maybe Jesus’ rebuke came with an exclamation point. Maybe it didn’t. Regardless, it shattered Peter’s worldview and his self-esteem at the very moment he believed he was serving the Lord [his] God with all [his] heart, with all [his] soul, and with all [his] mind,11 selflessly, even heroically. It was devastating. But was it punishment?
After he denied knowing Jesus three times, Peter remembered what Jesus had said: “Before the rooster crows, you will deny me three times.” And he went outside and wept bitterly.12 Again, it was devastating, but was it punishment?
After his resurrection Jesus prepared breakfast for his disciples by the sea (John 21:15-19 NET):
Then when they had finished breakfast, Jesus said to Simon Peter, “Simon, son of John,13 do you love (ἀγαπᾷς) me more than these do?” He replied, “Yes, Lord, you know I love (φιλῶ) you.” Jesus told him, “Feed my lambs.” Jesus said a second time, “Simon, son of John,14 do you love (ἀγαπᾷς) me?” He replied, “Yes, Lord, you know I love (φιλῶ) you.” Jesus told him, “Shepherd my sheep.” Jesus said a third time, “Simon, son of John,15 do you love (φιλεῖς) me?” Peter was distressed that Jesus asked him a third time, “Do you love (φιλεῖς) me?” and said,16 “Lord, you know everything. You know that I love (φιλῶ) you.” Jesus17 replied, “Feed my sheep. I tell you the solemn truth, when you were young, you tied your clothes around you and went wherever you wanted, but when you are old, you will stretch out your hands, and others will tie you up and bring you where you do not want to go.” (Now Jesus said this to indicate clearly by what kind of death Peter was going to glorify God.) After he said this, Jesus told Peter, “Follow me.”
There is no doubt in my mind that crucifixion was a Roman punishment. There is every doubt in my mind that Jesus condemned Peter to crucifixion as a punishment for denying Him. In fact, once the concept punishment is banished from the equation it seems much clearer why Jesus brought it up here, so many years before it would actually happen: He acknowledged Peter’s courage and willingness to lay his life on the line and assured him he would get that opportunity, even as He cautioned him that it would not be as he imagined while he was from his father the devil not of God. Paul put it this way (Romans 8:36, 37 NET):
As it is written, “For your sake18 we encounter death all day long; we were considered as sheep to be slaughtered.” No, in all these things we have complete victory through him who loved us!
A table comparing the quotation in Romans 8:36 with Psalm 44:22 (43:23) in the Septuagint follows.
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Romans 8:36 (NET Parallel Greek) |
Psalm 44:22 (Septuagint BLB) |
Psalm 43:23 (Septuagint Elpenor) |
| ὅτι ἕνεκεν σοῦ θανατούμεθα ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν, ἐλογίσθημεν ὡς πρόβατα σφαγῆς | ὅτι ἕνεκα σοῦ θανατούμεθα ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν ἐλογίσθημεν ὡς πρόβατα σφαγῆς | ὅτι ἕνεκά σου θανατούμεθα ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν, ἐλογίσθημεν ὡς πρόβατα σφαγῆς |
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Romans 8:36 (NET) |
Psalm 43:23 (NETS) |
Psalm 43:23 (English Elpenor) |
| For your sake we encounter death all day long; we were considered as sheep to be slaughtered. | because for your sake we are being put to death all day long, we were accounted as sheep for slaughter. | For, for thy sake we are killed all the day long; we are counted as sheep for slaughter. |
Tables comparing Psalm 19:1; 19:7; 19:11; 19:12; 19:13; 19:14; Isaiah 65:3; 65:4; 65:5; Psalm 51:11; 51:12 and 44:22 in the Tanakh, KJV and NET, and tables comparing the Greek of Psalm 19:1 (18:1, 2); 19:7 (18:8); 19:11 (18:12); 19:12 (18:13); 19:13 (18:14); 19:14 (18:15); Isaiah 65:3; 65:4; 65:5; Psalm 51:11 (50:13); 51:12 (50:14) and 44:22 (43:23) in the Septuagint (BLB and Elpenor), and tables of comparing John 18:11; 21:15-17 and Romans 8:36 in the NET and KJV follow.
| Psalm 19:1 (KJV) | ||
| The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament sheweth his handywork. | The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament sheweth his handywork. | For the music director, a psalm of David. The heavens declare the glory of God; the sky displays his handiwork. |
| εἰς τὸ τέλος ψαλμὸς τῷ Δαυιδ οἱ οὐρανοὶ διηγοῦνται δόξαν θεοῦ ποίησιν δὲ χειρῶν αὐτοῦ ἀναγγέλλει τὸ στερέωμα | Εἰς τὸ τέλος· ψαλμὸς τῷ Δαυΐδ. – ΟΙ ΟΥΡΑΝΟΙ διηγοῦνται δόξαν Θεοῦ, ποίησιν δὲ χειρῶν αὐτοῦ ἀναγγέλλει τὸ στερέωμα. |
| Regarding completion. A Psalm. Pertaining to Dauid. The heavens are telling of divine glory, and the firmament proclaims his handiwork. | [For the end, a Psalm of David.] The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament proclaims the work of his hands. |
| Psalm 19:7 (KJV) | ||
| The law of the LORD is perfect, converting the soul: the testimony of the LORD is sure, making wise the simple. | The law of the LORD is perfect, converting the soul: the testimony of the LORD is sure, making wise the simple. | The law of the Lord is perfect and preserves one’s life. The rules set down by the Lord are reliable and impart wisdom to the inexperienced. |
| ὁ νόμος τοῦ κυρίου ἄμωμος ἐπιστρέφων ψυχάς ἡ μαρτυρία κυρίου πιστή σοφίζουσα νήπια | ὁ νόμος τοῦ Κυρίου ἄμωμος, ἐπιστρέφων ψυχάς· ἡ μαρτυρία Κυρίου πιστή, σοφίζουσα νήπια |
| The law of the Lord is faultless, turning souls; the testimony of the Lord is reliable, making infants wise; | The law of the Lord is perfect, converting souls: the testimony of the Lord is faithful, instructing babes. |
| Psalm 19:11 (KJV) | ||
| Moreover by them is thy servant warned: and in keeping of them there is great reward. | Moreover by them is thy servant warned: and in keeping of them there is great reward. | Yes, your servant finds moral guidance there; those who obey them receive a rich reward. |
| καὶ γὰρ ὁ δοῦλός σου φυλάσσει αὐτά ἐν τῷ φυλάσσειν αὐτὰ ἀνταπόδοσις πολλή | καὶ γὰρ ὁ δοῦλός σου φυλάσσει αὐτά· ἐν τῷ φυλάσσειν αὐτὰ ἀνταπόδοσις πολλή |
| Indeed, your slave guards them; in guarding them there is great reward. | For thy servant keeps to them: in the keeping of them [there is] great reward. |
| Psalm 19:12 (KJV) | ||
| Who can understand his errors? cleanse thou me from secret faults. | Who can understand his errors? cleanse thou me from secret faults. | Who can know all his errors? Please do not punish me for sins I am unaware of. |
| παραπτώματα τίς συνήσει ἐκ τῶν κρυφίων μου καθάρισόν με | παραπτώματα τίς συνήσει; ἐκ τῶν κρυφίων μου καθάρισόν με |
| Transgressions—who shall detect them? From my hidden ones clear me. | Who will understand [his] transgressions? purge thou me from my secret [sins]. |
| Psalm 19:13 (KJV) | ||
| Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sins; let them not have dominion over me: then shall I be upright, and I shall be innocent from the great transgression. | Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sins; let them not have dominion over me: then shall I be upright, and I shall be innocent from the great transgression. | Moreover, keep me from committing flagrant sins; do not allow such sins to control me. Then I will be blameless, and innocent of blatant rebellion. |
| καὶ ἀπὸ ἀλλοτρίων φεῗσαι τοῦ δούλου σου ἐὰν μή μου κατακυριεύσωσιν τότε ἄμωμος ἔσομαι καὶ καθαρισθήσομαι ἀπὸ ἁμαρτίας μεγάλης | καὶ ἀπὸ ἀλλοτρίων φεῖσαι τοῦ δούλου σου· ἐὰν μή μου κατακυριεύσωσι, τότε ἄμωμος ἔσομαι καὶ καθαρισθήσομαι ἀπὸ ἁμαρτίας μεγάλης |
| Also from strangers spare your slave! If they will not exercise dominion over me, then I shall be blameless and be cleansed from great sin. | And spare thy servant [the attack] of strangers: if they do not gain the dominion over me, then shall I be blameless, and I shall be clear from great sin. |
| Psalm 19:14 (KJV) | ||
| Let the words of my mouth, and the meditation of my heart, be acceptable in thy sight, O LORD, my strength, and my redeemer. | Let the words of my mouth, and the meditation of my heart, be acceptable in thy sight, O LORD, my strength, and my redeemer. | May my words and my thoughts be acceptable in your sight, O Lord, my sheltering rock and my redeemer. |
| καὶ ἔσονται εἰς εὐδοκίαν τὰ λόγια τοῦ στόματός μου καὶ ἡ μελέτη τῆς καρδίας μου ἐνώπιόν σου διὰ παντός κύριε βοηθέ μου καὶ λυτρωτά μου | καὶ ἔσονται εἰς εὐδοκίαν τὰ λόγια τοῦ στόματός μου καὶ ἡ μελέτη τῆς καρδίας μου ἐνώπιόν σου διὰ παντός, Κύριε, βοηθέ μου καὶ λυτρωτά μου |
| And the sayings of my mouth shall become good pleasure, and the meditation of my heart is before you always, O Lord, my helper and my redeemer. | So shall the sayings of my mouth, and the meditation of my heart, be pleasing continually before thee, O Lord my helper, and my redeemer. |
| Isaiah 65:3 (KJV) | ||
| A people that provoketh me to anger continually to my face; that sacrificeth in gardens, and burneth incense upon altars of brick; | A people that provoketh me to anger continually to my face; that sacrificeth in gardens, and burneth incense upon altars of brick; | These people continually and blatantly offend me as they sacrifice in their sacred orchards and burn incense on brick altars. |
| ὁ λαὸς οὗτος ὁ παροξύνων με ἐναντίον ἐμοῦ διὰ παντός αὐτοὶ θυσιάζουσιν ἐν τοῗς κήποις καὶ θυμιῶσιν ἐπὶ ταῗς πλίνθοις τοῗς δαιμονίοις ἃ οὐκ ἔστιν | ὁ λαὸς οὗτος ὁ παροξύνων με ἐναντίον ἐμοῦ διαπαντός, αὐτοὶ θυσιάζουσιν ἐν τοῖς κήποις καὶ θυμιῶσιν ἐπὶ ταῖς πλίνθοις τοῖς δαιμονίοις, ἃ οὐκ ἔστιν |
| These are the people who provoke me to my face continually; they sacrifice in the gardens and burn on bricks to the demons, which do not exist, | This is the people that provokes me continually in my presence; they offer sacrifices in gardens, and burn incense on bricks to devils, which exist not. |
| Isaiah 65:4 (KJV) | ||
| Which remain among the graves, and lodge in the monuments, which eat swine’s flesh, and broth of abominable things is in their vessels; | Which remain among the graves, and lodge in the monuments, which eat swine’s flesh, and broth of abominable things is in their vessels; | They sit among the tombs and keep watch all night long. They eat pork, and broth from unclean sacrificial meat is in their pans. |
| καὶ ἐν τοῗς μνήμασιν καὶ ἐν τοῗς σπηλαίοις κοιμῶνται δι᾽ ἐνύπνια οἱ ἔσθοντες κρέα ὕεια καὶ ζωμὸν θυσιῶν μεμολυμμένα πάντα τὰ σκεύη αὐτῶν | ἐν τοῖς μνήμασι καὶ ἐν τοῖς σπηλαίοις κοιμῶνται δι᾿ ἐνύπνια, οἱ ἔσθοντες κρέα ὕεια καὶ ζωμὸν θυσιῶν, μεμολυμμένα πάντα τὰ σκεύη αὐτῶν |
| and they fall asleep in the tombs and in the caves for the sake dreams—those who eat swine’s flesh and broth of sacrifices (all their vessels are defiled), | They lie down to sleep in the tombs and in the caves for the sake of dreams, [even] they that eat swine’s flesh, and the broth of [their] sacrifices: all their vessels are defiled: |
| Isaiah 65:5 (KJV) | ||
| Which say, Stand by thyself, come not near to me; for I am holier than thou. These are a smoke in my nose, a fire that burneth all the day. | Which say, Stand by thyself, come not near to me; for I am holier than thou. These are a smoke in my nose, a fire that burneth all the day. | They say, ‘Keep to yourself! Don’t get near me, for I am holier than you!’ These people are like smoke in my nostrils, like a fire that keeps burning all day long. |
| οἱ λέγοντες πόρρω ἀπ᾽ ἐμοῦ μὴ ἐγγίσῃς μου ὅτι καθαρός εἰμι οὗτος καπνὸς τοῦ θυμοῦ μου πῦρ καίεται ἐν αὐτῷ πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας | οἱ λέγοντες· πόρρω ἀπ᾿ ἐμοῦ, μὴ ἐγγίσῃς μοι, ὅτι καθαρός εἰμι· οὗτος καπνὸς τοῦ θυμοῦ μου, πῦρ καίεται ἐν αὐτῷ πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας |
| Who say, “Stay away from me; do not come near me, for I am clean.” This is the smoke of my wrath; a fire burns in it all the days. | who say, Depart from me, draw not nigh to me, for I am pure. This is the smoke of my wrath, a fire burns with it continually. |
| Psalm 51:11 (KJV) | ||
| Cast me not away from thy presence; and take not thy holy spirit from me. | Cast me not away from thy presence; and take not thy holy spirit from me. | Do not reject me. Do not take your holy Spirit away from me. |
| μὴ ἀπορρίψῃς με ἀπὸ τοῦ προσώπου σου καὶ τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιόν σου μὴ ἀντανέλῃς ἀπ᾽ ἐμοῦ | μὴ ἀποῤῥίψῃς με ἀπὸ τοῦ προσώπου σου καὶ τὸ πνεῦμά σου τὸ ἅγιον μὴ ἀντανέλῃς ἀπ᾿ ἐμοῦ |
| Do not cast me away from your face, and your holy spirit do not take from me. | Cast me not away from thy presence; and remove not thy holy Spirit from me. |
| Psalm 51:12 (KJV) | ||
| Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation; and uphold me with thy free spirit. | Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation; and uphold me with thy free spirit. | Let me again experience the joy of your deliverance. Sustain me by giving me the desire to obey. |
| ἀπόδος μοι τὴν ἀγαλλίασιν τοῦ σωτηρίου σου καὶ πνεύματι ἡγεμονικῷ στήρισόν με | ἀπόδος μοι τὴν ἀγαλλίασιν τοῦ σωτηρίου σου καὶ πνεύματι ἡγεμονικῷ στήριξόν με |
| Restore to me the joy of your deliverance, and with a leading spirit support me. | Restore to me the joy of thy salvation: establish me with thy directing Spirit. |
| Psalm 44:22 (KJV) | ||
| Yea, for thy sake are we killed all the day long; we are counted as sheep for the slaughter. | Yea, for thy sake are we killed all the day long; we are counted as sheep for the slaughter. | Yet because of you we are killed all day long; we are treated like sheep at the slaughtering block. |
| ὅτι ἕνεκα σοῦ θανατούμεθα ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν ἐλογίσθημεν ὡς πρόβατα σφαγῆς | ὅτι ἕνεκά σου θανατούμεθα ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν, ἐλογίσθημεν ὡς πρόβατα σφαγῆς |
| because for your sake we are being put to death all day long, we were accounted as sheep for slaughter. | For, for thy sake we are killed all the day long; we are counted as sheep for slaughter. |
|
John 18:11 (KJV) |
|
| But Jesus said to Peter, “Put your sword back into its sheath! Am I not to drink the cup that the Father has given me?” | Then said Jesus unto Peter, Put up thy sword into the sheath: the cup which my Father hath given me, shall I not drink it? |
| Stephanus Textus Receptus | ||
| εἶπεν οὖν ὁ Ἰησοῦς τῷ Πέτρῳ· βάλε τὴν μάχαιραν εἰς τὴν θήκην· τὸ ποτήριον ὃ δέδωκεν μοι ὁ πατὴρ οὐ μὴ πίω αὐτό | ειπεν ουν ο ιησους τω πετρω βαλε την μαχαιραν σου εις την θηκην το ποτηριον ο δεδωκεν μοι ο πατηρ ου μη πιω αυτο | ειπεν ουν ο ιησους τω πετρω βαλε την μαχαιραν σου εις την θηκην το ποτηριον ο δεδωκεν μοι ο πατηρ ου μη πιω αυτο |
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John 21:15-17 (KJV) |
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| Then when they had finished breakfast, Jesus said to Simon Peter, “Simon, son of John, do you love me more than these do?” He replied, “Yes, Lord, you know I love you.” Jesus told him, “Feed my lambs.” | So when they had dined, Jesus saith to Simon Peter, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me more than these? He saith unto him, Yea, Lord; thou knowest that I love thee. He saith unto him, Feed my lambs. |
| Stephanus Textus Receptus | ||
| Ὅτε οὖν ἠρίστησαν λέγει τῷ Σίμωνι Πέτρῳ ὁ Ἰησοῦς· Σίμων Ἰωάννου, ἀγαπᾷς με πλέον τούτων; λέγει αὐτῷ· ναὶ κύριε, σὺ οἶδας ὅτι φιλῶ σε. λέγει αὐτῷ· βόσκε τὰ ἀρνία μου | οτε ουν ηριστησαν λεγει τω σιμωνι πετρω ο ιησους σιμων ιωνα αγαπας με πλειον τουτων λεγει αυτω ναι κυριε συ οιδας οτι φιλω σε λεγει αυτω βοσκε τα αρνια μου | οτε ουν ηριστησαν λεγει τω σιμωνι πετρω ο ιησους σιμων ιωνα αγαπας με πλειον τουτων λεγει αυτω ναι κυριε συ οιδας οτι φιλω σε λεγει αυτω βοσκε τα αρνια μου |
| Jesus said a second time, “Simon, son of John, do you love me?” He replied, “Yes, Lord, you know I love you.” Jesus told him, “Shepherd my sheep.” | He saith to him again the second time, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me? He saith unto him, Yea, Lord; thou knowest that I love thee. He saith unto him, Feed my sheep. |
| Stephanus Textus Receptus | ||
| λέγει αὐτῷ πάλιν δεύτερον· Σίμων Ἰωάννου, ἀγαπᾷς με; λέγει αὐτῷ· ναὶ κύριε, σὺ οἶδας ὅτι φιλῶ σε. λέγει αὐτῷ· ποίμαινε τὰ |πρόβατα| μου | λεγει αυτω παλιν δευτερον σιμων ιωνα αγαπας με λεγει αυτω ναι κυριε συ οιδας οτι φιλω σε λεγει αυτω ποιμαινε τα προβατα μου | λεγει αυτω παλιν δευτερον σιμων ιωνα αγαπας με λεγει αυτω ναι κυριε συ οιδας οτι φιλω σε λεγει αυτω ποιμαινε τα προβατα μου |
| Jesus said a third time, “Simon, son of John, do you love me?” Peter was distressed that Jesus asked him a third time, “Do you love me?” and said, “Lord, you know everything. You know that I love you.” Jesus replied, “Feed my sheep. | He saith unto him the third time, Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me? Peter was grieved because he said unto him the third time, Lovest thou me? And he said unto him, Lord, thou knowest all things; thou knowest that I love thee. Jesus saith unto him, Feed my sheep. |
| Stephanus Textus Receptus | ||
| λέγει αὐτῷ τὸ τρίτον· Σίμων Ἰωάννου, φιλεῖς με; ἐλυπήθη ὁ Πέτρος ὅτι εἶπεν αὐτῷ τὸ τρίτον· φιλεῖς με; καὶ |λέγει| αὐτῷ· κύριε, πάντα σὺ οἶδας, σὺ γινώσκεις ὅτι φιλῶ σε. λέγει αὐτῷ · βόσκε τὰ |πρόβατα| μου | λεγει αυτω το τριτον σιμων ιωνα φιλεις με ελυπηθη ο πετρος οτι ειπεν αυτω το τριτον φιλεις με και ειπεν αυτω κυριε συ παντα οιδας συ γινωσκεις οτι φιλω σε λεγει αυτω ο ιησους βοσκε τα προβατα μου | λεγει αυτω το τριτον σιμων ιωνα φιλεις με ελυπηθη ο πετρος οτι ειπεν αυτω το τριτον φιλεις με και ειπεν αυτω κυριε συ παντα οιδας συ γινωσκεις οτι φιλω σε λεγει αυτω ο ιησους βοσκε τα προβατα μου |
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Romans 8:36 (KJV) |
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| As it is written, “For your sake we encounter death all day long; we were considered as sheep to be slaughtered.” | As it is written, For thy sake we are killed all the day long; we are accounted as sheep for the slaughter. |
| Stephanus Textus Receptus | ||
| καθὼς γέγραπται ὅτι ἕνεκεν σοῦ θανατούμεθα ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν, ἐλογίσθημεν ὡς πρόβατα σφαγῆς | καθως γεγραπται οτι ενεκα σου θανατουμεθα ολην την ημεραν ελογισθημεν ως προβατα σφαγης | καθως γεγραπται οτι ενεκεν σου θανατουμεθα ολην την ημεραν ελογισθημεν ως προβατα σφαγης |
1 The NET parallel Greek text does have accent marks since this essay was first written: εἰς πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν ἐξῆλθεν ὁ φθόγγος αὐτῶν καὶ εἰς τὰ πέρατα τῆς οἰκουμένης τὰ ρήματα αὐτῶν (Romans 10:18b)
2 Psalm 19:1 (NET)
3 Psalm 19:7 (NET)
4 Psalm 19:11 (NET)
6 John 14:15 (NET)
7 Psalm 91:12 (Tanakh chabad.org)
9 Matthew 16:21 (NET)
10 The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had σου here. The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 did not.
11 Matthew 22:37 (NET) Table; Deuteronomy 6:5 – might, strength, power
13 The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had Ἰωάννου here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ιωνα (KJV: son of Jonas).
14 The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had Ἰωάννου here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ιωνα (KJV: son of Jonas).
15 The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had Ἰωάννου here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ιωνα (KJV: son of Jonas).
16 The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had λέγει here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ειπεν.
17 The Stephanus Textus Receptus, Byzantine Majority Text and NA28 had ὁ Ἰησοῦς here. The NET parallel Greek text did not.
18 The NET parallel Greek text, NA28 and Byzantine Majority Text had ἕνεκεν here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus had ενεκα.