Forgiven or Passed Over? Part 2

Posted on April 8, 2015 by admin

I studied ʽâbar through Genesis. Nothing so far justifies translating it forgiven in Nathan’s response to David’s confession—Yes, and the Lord has forgiven (ʽâbar, העביר; Septuagint: παρεβίβασεν) your sin.^[1] But ʽâbar kept some evocative company for anyone studying the Torah in Hebrew (Genesis 6:5-7, 11-13 NET).

But the Lord (y^ehôvâh, יהוה) saw that the wickedness of humankind had become great on the earth. Every inclination of the thoughts of their minds was only evil all the time. The Lord (y^ehôvâh, יהוה) regretted that he had made humankind on the earth, and he was highly offended. So the Lord (y^ehôvâh, יהוה) said, “I will wipe humankind, whom I have created, from the face of the earth – everything from humankind to animals, including creatures that move on the ground and birds of the air, for I regret that I have made them.”

The earth was ruined in the sight of God (ʼĕlôhı̂ym, האלהים); the earth was filled with violence. God (ʼĕlôhı̂ym, אלהים) saw the earth, and indeed it was ruined, for all living creatures on the earth were sinful. So God (ʼĕlôhı̂ym, אלהים) said to Noah, “I have decided that all living creatures must die, for the earth is filled with violence because of them. Now I am about to destroy them and the earth.

His chosen method of destruction was water: I am about to bring floodwaters on the earth to destroy from under the sky all the living creatures that have the breath of life in them. Everything that is on the earth will die…^[2] The waters completely overwhelmed the earth, and the ark floated on the surface of the waters.^[3] So [He] destroyed every living thing that was on the surface of the ground, including people, animals, creatures that creep along the ground, and birds of the sky. They were wiped off the earth. Only Noah and those who were with him in the ark survived. The waters prevailed over the earth for 150 days.^[4]

Then ʽâbar was the action of the wind that proceeded (if not caused) the recession of the waters of this destruction: But God (ʼĕlôhı̂ym, אלהים) remembered Noah and all the wild animals and domestic animals that were with him in the ark. God (ʼĕlôhı̂ym, אלהים) caused a wind to blow (ʽâbar, ויעבר; Septuagint: ἐπήγαγεν) over the earth and the waters receded.^[5]

The next occurrences of ʽâbar are found in the story of Abram/Abraham (Genesis 12:1-3 NET):

Now the Lord (y^ehôvâh, יהוה) said to Abram, “Go out from your country, your relatives, and your father’s household to the land that I will show you [Table]. Then I will make you into a great nation, and I will bless you, and I will make your name great, so that you will exemplify divine blessing [Table]. I will bless those who bless you, but the one who treats you lightly I must curse, and all the families of the earth will bless one another by your name” [Table].

So Abram left, just as the Lord had told him to do,^[6] and ʽâbar was what Abram did as he obeyed y^ehôvâh. Abram traveled (ʽâbar, ויעבר; Septuagint: διώδευσεν^[7]) through the land as far as the oak tree of Moreh at Shechem.^[8]

I am the Lord (y^ehôvâh, יהוה), He said to Abram still clearly within the word of the Lord (y^ehôvâh, יהוה) that came to Abram in a vision,^[9] who brought you out from Ur of the Chaldeans to give you this land to possess.^[10] O sovereign (ʼădônây, אדני) Lord (y^ehôvâh, יהוה), by what can I know that I am to possess it?^[11] Take for me a heifer, He answered, a goat, and a ram, each three years old, along with a dove and a young pigeon.^[12]

I suppose it is possible that Abram took all these for him and then cut them in two and placed each half opposite the other^[13] outside of the vision of verses 1-9. Perhaps I am meant to take—When birds of prey came down on the carcasses, Abram drove them away^[14]—in precisely that mundane way. Then when the sun went down, Abram fell sound asleep, and great terror overwhelmed him^[15] and Abram had a second vision.

My problem with this interpretation is that as Abram slept nocturnal birds of prey came to feast upon the carcasses of the heifer, the goat, the ram, the dove and the pigeon he had protected all day for y^ehôvâh in the real world, even as Abram heard and saw something completely different in a dream. I am more inclined to take the text at face value and assume that Abram acted within the vision of Genesis 15:1 and that he was a dream within a vision deep in Genesis 15:13-16 (NET):

Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a foreign country. They will be enslaved and oppressed for four hundred years [Table]. But I will execute judgment on the nation that they will serve. Afterward they will come out with many possessions [Table]. But as for you, you will go to your ancestors in peace and be buried at a good old age [Table]. In the fourth generation your descendants will return here, for the sin of the Amorites has not yet reached its limit [Table].

Then ʽâbar was the action of a smoking firepot with a flaming torch in a vision designed to overcome the doubts of Abram the believer:^[16] When the sun had gone down and it was dark, a smoking firepot with a flaming torch passed (ʽâbar, עבר; Septuagint: διῆλθον) between the animal parts.^[17] It would have been disconcerting, to say the least, if Abram woke up the next morning to find the bones picked clean by nocturnal birds and other scavengers.

That day, the vision concluded, the Lord (y^ehôvâh, יהוה) made a covenant with Abram: “To your descendants I give this land, from the river of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates River [Table]– the land of the Kenites, Kenizzites, Kadmonites, [Table] Hittites, Perizzites, Rephaites, [Table] Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites, and Jebusites [Table].”^[18]

This brings me to the beginning of the Parashat Vayera (פרשת וירא), Genesis 18:1-22:24. Ben Zion Katz, a pediatrician and self-proclaimed recreational Bible scholar, in an essay—“God’s Appearance to Abraham: Vision or Visit?”—posted on TheTorah.com contrasted “The Traditional Approach” to “A Peshat Reading” of Genesis 18. In the traditional approach Abraham interrupted a vision of God to entertain three guests. “This reading thus exemplifies the performance of two mitzvot – visiting the sick and welcoming guests.”

Even when I searched the Bible for mitzvot I was never quite this clever. I certainly recognized Abraham’s hospitality but had serious doubts and questions about Lot’s practice of the same with two of the same men. And I didn’t see “visiting the sick” here until I read Dr. Katz article: “God is ‘visiting’ Abraham (in a vision) because Abraham was recuperating from his circumcision.” As long as I searched the Bible for rules to obey I, like Nicodemus, didn’t see—I tell you the solemn truth, unless a person is born from above, he cannot see the kingdom of God^[19]—as the take away message of the Old Testament.

I was taught that I must be born again. I was taught to mock Nicodemus’ dull-wittedness: How can a man be born when he is old? He cannot enter his mother’s womb and be born a second time, can he?^[20] And, How can these things be?^[21] But I didn’t understand Jesus’ retort either (John 3:10-12 NET):

Are you the teacher of Israel and yet you don’t understand these things? I tell you the solemn truth, we speak about what we know and testify about what we have seen, but you people do not accept our testimony. If I have told you people about earthly things and you don’t believe, how will you believe if I tell you about heavenly things?

I was George McFly in the diner in “Back to the Future.” I felt as bullied by Jesus as he did by Biff Tannen. When Jesus turned his attention to Nicodemus, like Biff’s followers turned on Marty, I could feel like a winner for a moment, piling on Nicodemus. But only for a moment, for Jesus was soon back to bullying me as his words seemed at the time. God come to earth, mocking everyone who was not God.

The revolution came when I began to see Jesus as a baby and a child learning everything anew. He studied the Hebrew Bible, what I call the Old Testament, and from it through the Holy Spirit learned the solemn truth (John 3:5-8 NET):

unless a person is born of water and spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God. What is born of the flesh is flesh, and what is born of the Spirit is spirit. Do not be amazed that I said to you, ‘You must all be born from above.’ The wind blows wherever it will, and you hear the sound it makes, but do not know where it comes from and where it is going. So it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit.

You must all be born from above, because no one is declared righteous before him by the works of the law, for through the law comes the knowledge of sin.^[22] God achieved what the law could not do because it was weakened through the flesh. By sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and concerning sin, he condemned sin in the flesh, so that the righteous requirement of the law may be fulfilled in us, who do not walk according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.^[23]

Dr. Katz continued:

Although clever and ethically uplifting, the traditional reading is not the peshat, the plain meaning of the text. The peshat reading, which is in consonance with modern literary analysis, is rather straightforward. In verse 1, we are given an introduction that God appeared to Abraham. That appearance then begins in verse 2, and of the 3 “people” Abraham sees, one is God personified while the other 2 are angels or messengers of God.

My lord (ʼâdôn, אדני), Abraham said, if I have found favor in your sight, do not pass (ʽâbar, תעבר; Septuagint: παρέλθῃς^[24]) by and leave your servant.^[25] Here ʽâbar became the action that y^ehôvâh would take if He did not favor Abraham. Let a little water be brought so that you may all wash your feet and rest under the tree,^[26] Abraham continued. It sounds to me as if Abraham wished to honor his guests in a manner in keeping with the favor their consenting to be his guests implied. But in the “traditional” commentary Abraham was seen as a strict adherent 430 years before the law:

and bathe your feet: He thought that they were Arabs, who prostrate themselves to the dust of their feet, and he was strict not to allow any idolatry into his house. But Lot, who was not strict, mentioned lodging before washing, as it is said (below 19:2): “and lodge and bathe your feet.” – [from Gen. Rabbah 54:4]

And let me get a bit of food, Abraham continued, so that you may refresh yourselves since you have passed (ʽâbar, עברתם; Septuagint: ἐξεκλίνατε^[27]) by your servant’s home. After that you may (ʽâbar, תעברו; Septuagint: παρελεύσεσθε^[28]) be on your way.^[29] Here even the “traditional” commentary recognized the honor Abraham perceived:

because you have passed by: For I request this from you [i.e., to sustain your hearts] because you have passed by me [i.e., have stopped in my home] to honor me.

If y^ehôvâh consented not to ʽâbar by Abraham, Abraham’s hospitality would become the reason that y^ehôvâh ʽâbar Abraham’s tent. All right, y^ehôvâh and his two companions replied, you may do as you say.^[30]

After Sarah died Abraham negotiated with Ephron for a field with a cave to bury her body. It was a curious negotiation. As a wanderer in the promised land Abraham owned no property. As a respected prince Ephron was willing to give him the property, but Abraham insisted that he would pay full price. Here ʽâbar was according to the standard of that price: So Abraham agreed to Ephron’s price and weighed out for him the price that Ephron had quoted in the hearing of the sons of Heth – 400 pieces of silver, according to the standard (ʽâbar, עבר; Septuagint: δοκίμου) measurement at the time.^[31] The note in the NET reads: “Heb ‘passing for the merchant.’ The final clause affirms that the measurement of silver was according to the standards used by the merchants of the time.”

I’ll continue in the next essay.

Forgiven or Passed Over? Part 3

Back to Romans, Part 19

^[1] 2 Samuel 12:13b (NET) Table

^[2] Genesis 6:17 (NET)

^[3] Genesis 7:18 (NET)

^[4] Genesis 7:23, 24 (NET)

^[5] Genesis 8:1 (NET)

^[6] Genesis 12:4a (NET)

^[7] διώδευσεν, a form of διοδεύω

^[8] Genesis 12:6a (NET)

^[9] Genesis 15:1 (NET)

^[10] Genesis 15:7 (NET)

^[11] Genesis 15:8 (NET)

^[12] Genesis 15:9 (NET) Table

^[13] Genesis 15:10 (NET) Table

^[14] Genesis 15:11 (NET) Table

^[15] Genesis 15:12 (NET) Table

^[16] For what does the scripture say? “Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.” (Romans 4:3 NET, quoting Genesis 15:6 NKJV)

^[17] Genesis 15:17 (NET) Table

^[18] Genesis 15:18-21 (NET)

^[19] John 3:3 (NET) Table

^[20] John 3:4 (NET)

^[21] John 3:9 (NET)

^[22] Romans 3:20 (NET)

^[23] Romans 8:3, 4 (NET)

^[24] παρέλθῃς, a form of παρέρχομαι

^[25] Genesis 18:3 (NET)

^[26] Genesis 18:4 (NET)

^[27] ἐξεκλίνατε, a form of ἐκκλίνω

^[28] παρελεύσεσθε, another form of παρέρχομαι

^[29] Genesis 18:5a (NET)

^[30] Genesis 18:5b (NET)

^[31] Genesis 23:16 (NET)

Fear – Genesis, Part 1

Posted on December 6, 2012 by admin

Paul was not the only one to write about the end of fear. John also wrote, There is no fear (φόβος) in love, but perfect love drives out fear (φόβον, a form of φόβος), because fear (φόβος) has to do with punishment (κόλασιν, a form of κόλασις). The one who fears (φοβούμενος, a form of φοβέω) punishment has not been perfected in love.¹ This is as good to hear as Paul’s statement, For you did not receive the spirit of slavery leading again to fear (φόβον, a form of φόβος).² But I wonder about the fear of the Lord since the concept continued into the New Testament.

Therefore, because we know the fear (φόβον, a form of φόβος) of the Lord, Paul wrote the Corinthians, we try to persuade people…³ And to slaves in Colossae he wrote, obey your earthly masters in every respect, not only when they are watching⁴ – like those who are strictly people-pleasers – but with a sincere heart, fearing (φοβούμενοι, a form of φοβέω) the Lord.⁵ I have begun to track fear through the Old Testament to attempt to understand this better.

The first occurrence was from the mouth of Adam after he ate the forbidden fruit, “I heard you moving about in the orchard, and I was afraid (yārē’, וָֽאִירָ֛א) because I was naked, so I hid,”⁶ he said to the Lord God moving about in the orchard at the breezy time of the day.⁷ The rabbis who translated the Septuagint used the Greek word ἐφοβήθην for the Hebrew word, the passive form of φοβέω the root of φόβος.⁸ This form does not occur in the New Testament but is close to, For I was afraid (ἐφοβούμην, a form of φοβέω) of you, because you are a severe man.⁹ This is apparently the middle voice of φέβομαι.

Next God spoke what would become the most common divine greeting to those born of Adam, “Fear (yârêʼ, תִּירָ֣א) not, Abram! I am your shield and the one who will reward you in great abundance.”¹⁰ In the Septuagint the rabbis chose the Greek word φοβοῦ. The first usage of this form in the New Testament was in Mark’s account of the synagogue ruler Jairus. He fell at Jesus’ feet and said, “My little daughter is near death. Come and lay your hands on her so that¹¹ she may be healed and live.”¹² But, people came from the synagogue ruler’s house saying, “Your daughter has died. Why trouble the teacher any longer?” But Jesus, paying no attention¹³ to what was said, told the synagogue ruler, “Do not be afraid (φοβοῦ, a form of φοβέω); just believe (πίστευε, a form of πιστεύω).”¹⁴

And here by faith in the revelation of Scripture I can begin to analyze the beginning of fear from its end. Jesus offered faith to Jairus as an antidote, or a preoccupation, to his fear of the revealed facts. (Jesus apparently raised his daughter from death.) This is the faith Adam lacked. Though he had unimaginable experience of God’s generous provision, Adam’s faith was in his own efforts to keep God’s commandment. Once that commandment was broken he feared punishment. Whatever sonship he experienced was forfeit and he was given over to a spirit of slavery leading to fear.

Sarah didn’t believe the word of the Lord when it was said, I will surely return to you when the season comes round again, and your wife Sarah will have a son,¹⁵ but trusted in her long experience of barrenness. She laughed to herself, thinking, “After I am worn out will I have pleasure, especially when my husband is old too?”¹⁶ The Lord confronted Abraham about her. Then Sarah lied, saying, “I did not laugh,” because she was afraid (yârêʼ, יָרֵ֑אָה). But the Lord said, “No! You did laugh.”¹⁷ While Adam’s fear prompted him to hide from the all-seeing God, Sarah’s fear persuaded her to lie to the all-knowing God.

The Hebrew word translated afraid above was the Greek word ἐφοβήθη in the Septuagint. This form of φοβέω was first used in Matthew’s narrative of Joseph’s, Mary’s and Jesus’ return from Egypt. After Herod had died, an angel of the Lord appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt saying, “Get up, take the child and his mother, and go to the land of Israel, for those who were seeking the child’s life are dead.” So he got up and took the child and his mother and returned¹⁸ to the land of Israel. But when he heard that Archelaus was reigning over¹⁹ Judea in place of his father Herod, he was afraid (ἐφοβήθη, another form of φοβέω) to go there. After being warned in a dream, he went to the regions of Galilee.²⁰ Joseph’s fear of Archelaus was apparently warranted since God warned him in a dream.

I get an image of the nature of Lot’s faith in the Lord from the next occurrence of fear (Genesis 19:15-17).

At dawn the angels hurried Lot along, saying, “Get going! Take your wife and your two daughters who are here, or else you will be destroyed when the city is judged!” When Lot hesitated, the men grabbed his hand and the hands of his wife and two daughters because the Lord had compassion on them. They led them away and placed them outside the city [Table]. When they had brought them outside, they said, “Run for your lives! Don’t look behind you or stop anywhere in the valley! Escape to the mountains or you will be destroyed!” [Table]

Lot apparently sensed the anxiousness in the angels’ tone of voice, but misunderstood its significance. “No, please, Lord!” [Table] he said. Your servant has found favor with you, and you have shown me great kindness by sparing my life. But I am not able to escape to the mountains because this disaster will overtake me and I’ll die” [Table].²¹ Lot assumed that the angels’ anxiety was provoked by Lot’s relative slowness. He reasoned that he should seek closer shelter. “Look, this town over here is close enough to escape to, and it’s just a little one. Let me go there. It’s just a little place, isn’t it? Then I’ll survive.”²²

“Very well,” he replied, “I will grant this request too and will not overthrow the town you mentioned.”²³ Then the angel revealed that he was anxious to fulfill the will of the Lord. “Run there quickly, for I cannot do anything until you arrive there.”²⁴ Lot made it safely to Zoar, and Zoar was spared from destruction when the Lord rained down sulfur and fire on Sodom and Gomorrah.²⁵ But, Lot went up from Zoar with his two daughters and settled in the mountains because he was afraid (yârêʼ, יָרֵ֖א) to live in Zoar. So he lived in a cave with his two daughters.²⁶ This, too, was ἐφοβήθη in the Septuagint.

The second usage of this form in the New Testament was, Although Herod wanted to kill John [because John had repeatedly told him, “It is not lawful for you to have {Herodias, his brother Philip’s wife}²⁷.”],²⁸ he feared (ἐφοβήθη) the crowd because they accepted John as a prophet.²⁹ In other words, Herod did not believe the Lord that he should not have taken his brother’s wife. He feared the wrath of his people if he killed one they considered a prophet. Similarly, Lot did not believe that he would make it safely to the mountains and asked for Zoar to be spared as a place of refuge. When that request was granted he did not believe that Zoar would continue to be spared from destruction and fled to the mountains.

There is a pattern of sorts here. Those born of Adam fear God, but not in a good way. It is not a fear that leads to faith in Him. It prompts them to hide or lie or flee from his protection. It is a fear of punishment. They are not perfected in love. And I take this to mean they are not led by the Spirit, they do not experience that continuous stream of love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control [Table]³⁰ that flows from Him.

Addendum: November 5, 2024
Tables comparing Genesis 18:12; 18:15; 19:15; 19:20; 19:21; 19:22; 19:24 and 19:30 in the Tanakh, KJV and NET, and comparing the Greek of Genesis 18:12; 18:15; 19:15; 19:20; 19:21; 19:22; 19:24 and 19:30 in the Septuagint (BLB and Elpenor), and tables comparing Colossians 3:22; Mark 5:23; 5:36; Matthew 2:21, 22 and 14:3 in the KJV and NET follow.

Genesis 18:12 (Tanakh)	Genesis 18:12 (KJV)	Genesis 18:12 (NET)
And Sarah laughed within herself, saying: ‘After I am waxed old shall I have pleasure, my lord being old also?’	Therefore Sarah laughed within herself, saying, After I am waxed old shall I have pleasure, my lord being old also?	So Sarah laughed to herself, thinking, “After I am worn out will I have pleasure, especially when my husband is old too?”

Genesis 18:12 (BLB Septuagint)	Genesis 18:12 (Elpenor Septuagint)
ἐγέλασεν δὲ Σαρρα ἐν ἑαυτῇ λέγουσα οὔπω μέν μοι γέγονεν ἕως τοῦ νῦν ὁ δὲ κύριός μου πρεσβύτερος	ἐγέλασε δὲ Σάρρα ἐν ἑαυτῇ, λέγουσα· οὔπω μέν μοι γέγονεν ἕως τοῦ νῦν, ὁ δὲ κύριός μου πρεσβύτερος
Genesis 18:12 (NETS)	Genesis 18:12 (Elpenor English)
And Sarra laughed within herself, saying, “It has not yet happened to me up to the present, and my lord is rather old.”	And Sarrha laughed in herself, saying, The thing has not as yet happened to me, even until now, and my lord is old.

Genesis 18:15 (Tanakh)	Genesis 18:15 (KJV)	Genesis 18:15 (NET)
Then Sarah denied, saying: ‘I laughed not’; for she was afraid. And He said: ‘Nay; but thou didst laugh.’	Then Sarah denied, saying, I laughed not; for she was afraid. And he said, Nay; but thou didst laugh.	Then Sarah lied, saying, “I did not laugh,” because she was afraid. But the Lord said, “No! You did laugh.”

Genesis 18:15 (BLB Septuagint)	Genesis 18:15 (Elpenor Septuagint)
ἠρνήσατο δὲ Σαρρα λέγουσα οὐκ ἐγέλασα ἐφοβήθη γάρ καὶ εἶπεν οὐχί ἀλλὰ ἐγέλασας	ἠρνήσατο δὲ Σάρρα λέγουσα· οὐκ ἐγέλασα· ἐφοβήθη γάρ. καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῇ· οὐχί, ἀλλὰ ἐγέλασας
Genesis 18:15 (NETS)	Genesis 18:15 (Elpenor English)
But Sarra denied, saying, “I did not laugh,” for she was afraid. And he said, “No, but you did laugh.”	But Sarrha denied, saying, I did not laugh, for she was afraid. And he said to her, Nay, but thou didst laugh.

Genesis 19:15 (Tanakh)	Genesis 19:15 (KJV)	Genesis 19:15 (NET)
And when the morning arose, then the angels hastened Lot, saying: ‘Arise, take thy wife, and thy two daughters that are here; lest thou be swept away in the iniquity of the city.’	And when the morning arose, then the angels hastened Lot, saying, Arise, take thy wife, and thy two daughters, which are here; lest thou be consumed in the iniquity of the city.	At dawn the angels hurried Lot along, saying, “Get going! Take your wife and your two daughters who are here, or else you will be destroyed when the city is judged!”

Genesis 19:15 (BLB Septuagint)	Genesis 19:15 (Elpenor Septuagint)
ἡνίκα δὲ ὄρθρος ἐγίνετο ἐπεσπούδαζον οἱ ἄγγελοι τὸν Λωτ λέγοντες ἀναστὰς λαβὲ τὴν γυναῖκά σου καὶ τὰς δύο θυγατέρας σου ἃς ἔχεις καὶ ἔξελθε ἵνα μὴ συναπόλῃ ταῖς ἀνομίαις τῆς πόλεως	ἡνίκα δὲ ὄρθρος ἐγίνετο, ἐσπούδαζον οἱ ἄγγελοι τὸν Λὼτ λέγοντες· ἀναστὰς λάβε τὴν γυναῖκά σου καὶ τὰς δύο θυγατέρας σου, ἃς ἔχεις, καὶ ἔξελθε, ἵνα μὴ καὶ σὺ συναπόλῃ ταῖς ἀνομίαις τῆς πόλεως
Genesis 19:15 (NETS)	Genesis 19:15 (Elpenor English)
Now when dawn was breaking, the angels were urging Lot, saying, “Rise, take your wife and the two daughters whom you have, and get out, lest you also be destroyed together with the lawlessness of the city.”	But when it was morning, the angels hastened Lot, saying, Arise and take thy wife, and thy two daughters whom thou hast, and go forth; lest thou also be destroyed with the iniquities of the city.

Genesis 19:20 (Tanakh)	Genesis 19:20 (KJV)	Genesis 19:20 (NET)
Behold now, this city is near to flee unto, and it is a little one; oh, let me escape thither–is it not a little one? –and my soul shall live.’	Behold now, this city is near to flee unto, and it is a little one: Oh, let me escape thither, (is it not a little one?) and my soul shall live.	Look, this town over here is close enough to escape to, and it’s just a little one. Let me go there. It’s just a little place, isn’t it? Then I’ll survive.”

Genesis 19:20 (BLB Septuagint)	Genesis 19:20 (Elpenor Septuagint)
ἰδοὺ ἡ πόλις αὕτη ἐγγὺς τοῦ καταφυγεῖν με ἐκεῖ ἥ ἐστιν μικρά ἐκεῖ σωθήσομαι οὐ μικρά ἐστιν καὶ ζήσεται ἡ ψυχή μου	ἰδοὺ ἡ πόλις αὕτη ἐγγὺς τοῦ καταφυγεῖν με ἐκεῖ, ἥ ἐστι μικρά, καὶ ἐκεῖ διασωθήσομαι· οὐ μικρά ἐστι; καὶ ζήσεται ἡ ψυχή μου ἕνεκέν σου
Genesis 19:20 (NETS)	Genesis 19:20 (Elpenor English)
Look, this city, which is small, is near enough for me to flee for refuge there; I shall escape there. Is it not small? And my soul will live!”	Behold this city is near for me to escape thither, which is a small one, and there shall I be preserved, is it not little? and my soul shall live because of thee.

Genesis 19:21 (Tanakh)	Genesis 19:21 (KJV)	Genesis 19:21 (NET)
And he said unto him: ‘See, I have accepted thee concerning this thing also, that I will not overthrow the city of which thou hast spoken.	And he said unto him, See, I have accepted thee concerning this thing also, that I will not overthrow this city, for the which thou hast spoken.	“Very well,” he replied, “I will grant this request too and will not overthrow the town you mentioned.

Genesis 19:21 (BLB Septuagint)	Genesis 19:21 (Elpenor Septuagint)
καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ ἰδοὺ ἐθαύμασά σου τὸ πρόσωπον καὶ ἐπὶ τῷ ῥήματι τούτῳ τοῦ μὴ καταστρέψαι τὴν πόλιν περὶ ἧς ἐλάλησας	καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ· ἰδοὺ ἐθαύμασά σου τὸ πρόσωπον καὶ ἐπὶ τῷ ρήματι τούτῳ τοῦ μὴ καταστρέψαι τὴν πόλιν, περὶ ἧς ἐλάλησας
Genesis 19:21 (NETS)	Genesis 19:21 (Elpenor English)
And he said to him, “Look, I have indulged your person also in reference to this matter, not to overthrow the city concerning which you have spoken.	And he said to him, Behold, I have had respect to thee also about this thing, that I should not overthrow the city about which thou hast spoken.

Genesis 19:22 (Tanakh)	Genesis 19:22 (KJV)	Genesis 19:22 (NET)
Hasten thou, escape thither; for I cannot do any thing till thou be come thither.’ –Therefore the name of the city was called Zoar.–	Haste thee, escape thither; for I cannot do any thing till thou be come thither. Therefore the name of the city was called Zoar.	Run there quickly, for I cannot do anything until you arrive there.” (This incident explains why the town was called Zoar.)

Genesis 19:22 (BLB Septuagint)	Genesis 19:22 (Elpenor Septuagint)
σπεῦσον οὖν τοῦ σωθῆναι ἐκεῖ οὐ γὰρ δυνήσομαι ποιῆσαι πρᾶγμα ἕως τοῦ σε εἰσελθεῖν ἐκεῖ διὰ τοῦτο ἐκάλεσεν τὸ ὄνομα τῆς πόλεως ἐκείνης Σηγωρ	σπεῦσον οὖν τοῦ σωθῆναι ἐκεῖ· οὐ γὰρ δυνήσομαι ποιῆσαι πρᾶγμα, ἕως τοῦ ἐλθεῖν σε ἐκεῖ. διὰ τοῦτο ἐκάλεσε τὸ ὄνομα τῆς πόλεως ἐκείνης Σηγώρ
Genesis 19:22 (NETS)	Genesis 19:22 (Elpenor English)
So hurry to escape there, for I shall not be able to do a thing until you enter there.” Therefore he called the name of the city Segor.	Hasten therefore to escape thither, for I shall not be able to do anything until thou art come thither; therefore he called the name of that city, Segor.

Genesis 19:24 (Tanakh)	Genesis 19:24 (KJV)	Genesis 19:24 (NET)
Then HaShem caused to rain upon Sodom and upon Gomorrah brimstone and fire from HaShem out of heaven;	Then the LORD rained upon Sodom and upon Gomorrah brimstone and fire from the LORD out of heaven;	Then the Lord rained down sulfur and fire on Sodom and Gomorrah. It was sent down from the sky by the Lord.

Genesis 19:24 (BLB Septuagint)	Genesis 19:24 (Elpenor Septuagint)
καὶ κύριος ἔβρεξεν ἐπὶ Σοδομα καὶ Γομορρα θεῖον καὶ πῦρ παρὰ κυρίου ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ	καὶ Κύριος ἔβρεξεν ἐπὶ Σόδομα καὶ Γόμορρα θεῖον, καὶ πῦρ παρὰ Κυρίου ἐξ οὐρανοῦ
Genesis 19:24 (NETS)	Genesis 19:24 (Elpenor English)
and the Lord rained on Sodom and Gomorra sulfur and fire from the Lord out of the sky,	And the Lord rained on Sodom and Gomorrha brimstone and fire from the Lord out of heaven.

Genesis 19:30 (Tanakh)	Genesis 19:30 (KJV)	Genesis 19:30 (NET)
And Lot went up out of Zoar, and dwelt in the mountain, and his two daughters with him; for he feared to dwell in Zoar; and he dwelt in a cave, he and his two daughters.	And Lot went up out of Zoar, and dwelt in the mountain, and his two daughters with him; for he feared to dwell in Zoar: and he dwelt in a cave, he and his two daughters.	Lot went up from Zoar with his two daughters and settled in the mountains because he was afraid to live in Zoar. So he lived in a cave with his two daughters.

Genesis 19:30 (BLB Septuagint)	Genesis 19:30 (Elpenor Septuagint)
ἀνέβη δὲ Λωτ ἐκ Σηγωρ καὶ ἐκάθητο ἐν τῷ ὄρει καὶ αἱ δύο θυγατέρες αὐτοῦ μετ᾽ αὐτοῦ ἐφοβήθη γὰρ κατοικῆσαι ἐν Σηγωρ καὶ ᾤκησεν ἐν τῷ σπηλαίῳ αὐτὸς καὶ αἱ δύο θυγατέρες αὐτοῦ μετ᾽ αὐτοῦ	᾿Ανέβη δὲ Λὼτ ἐκ Σηγὼρ καὶ ἐκάθητο ἐν τῷ ὄρει αὐτὸς καὶ αἱ δύο θυγατέρες αὐτοῦ μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ· ἐφοβήθη γὰρ κατοικῆσαι ἐν Σηγώρ. καὶ κατῴκησεν ἐν τῷ σπηλαίῳ, αὐτὸς καὶ αἱ δύο θυγατέρες αὐτοῦ μετ᾿ αὐτοῦ
Genesis 19:30 (NETS)	Genesis 19:30 (Elpenor English)
Now Lot went up out of Segor and settled in the mountain, and his two daughters with him, for he was afraid to dwell in Segor. And he lived in the cave, he and his two daughters with him.	And Lot went up out of Segor, and dwelt in the mountain, he and his two daughters with him, for he feared to dwell in Segor; and he dwelt in a cave, he and his two daughters with him.

Colossians 3:22 (NET)	Colossians 3:22 (KJV)
Slaves, obey your earthly masters in every respect, not only when they are watching—like those who are strictly people-pleasers—but with a sincere heart, fearing the Lord.	Servants, obey in all things your masters according to the flesh; not with eyeservice, as menpleasers; but in singleness of heart, fearing God:

Colossians 3:22 (NET Parallel Greek)	Colossians 3:22 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Colossians 3:22 (Byzantine Majority Text)
Οἱ δοῦλοι, ὑπακούετε κατὰ πάντα τοῖς κατὰ σάρκα κυρίοις, μὴ ἐν \|ὀφθαλμοδουλίᾳ\| ὡς ἀνθρωπάρεσκοι, ἀλλ᾿ ἐν ἁπλότητι καρδίας φοβούμενοι τὸν κύριον.	οι δουλοι υπακουετε κατα παντα τοις κατα σαρκα κυριοις μη εν οφθαλμοδουλειαις ως ανθρωπαρεσκοι αλλ εν απλοτητι καρδιας φοβουμενοι τον θεον	οι δουλοι υπακουετε κατα παντα τοις κατα σαρκα κυριοις μη εν οφθαλμοδουλειαις ως ανθρωπαρεσκοι αλλ εν απλοτητι καρδιας φοβουμενοι τον θεον

Mark 5:23 (NET)	Mark 5:23 (KJV)
He asked him urgently, “My little daughter is near death. Come and lay your hands on her so that she may be healed and live.”	And besought him greatly, saying, My little daughter lieth at the point of death: I pray thee, come and lay thy hands on her, that she may be healed; and she shall live.

Mark 5:23 (NET Parallel Greek)	Mark 5:23 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Mark 5:23 (Byzantine Majority Text)
καὶ παρακαλεῖ αὐτὸν πολλὰ λέγων ὅτι τὸ θυγάτριον μου ἐσχάτως ἔχει, ἵνα ἐλθὼν ἐπιθῇς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῇ ἵνα σωθῇ καὶ ζήσῃ	και παρεκαλει αυτον πολλα λεγων οτι το θυγατριον μου εσχατως εχει ινα ελθων επιθης αυτη τας χειρας οπως σωθη και ζησεται	και παρεκαλει αυτον πολλα λεγων οτι το θυγατριον μου εσχατως εχει ινα ελθων επιθης αυτη τας χειρας οπως σωθη και ζησεται

Mark 5:36 (NET)	Mark 5:36 (KJV)
But Jesus, paying no attention to what was said, told the synagogue leader, “Do not be afraid; just believe.”	As soon as Jesus heard the word that was spoken, he saith unto the ruler of the synagogue, Be not afraid, only believe.

Mark 5:36 (NET Parallel Greek)	Mark 5:36 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Mark 5:36 (Byzantine Majority Text)
ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς παρακούσας τὸν λόγον λαλούμενον λέγει τῷ ἀρχισυναγώγῳ· μὴ φοβοῦ, μόνον πίστευε	ο δε ιησους ευθεως ακουσας τον λογον λαλουμενον λεγει τω αρχισυναγωγω μη φοβου μονον πιστευε	ο δε ιησους ευθεως ακουσας τον λογον λαλουμενον λεγει τω αρχισυναγωγω μη φοβου μονον πιστευε

Matthew 2:21, 22 (NET)	Matthew 2:21, 22 (KJV)
So he got up and took the child and his mother and returned to the land of Israel.	And he arose, and took the young child and his mother, and came into the land of Israel.

Matthew 2:21 (NET Parallel Greek)	Matthew 2:21 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Matthew 2:21 (Byzantine Majority Text)
ὁ δὲ ἐγερθεὶς παρέλαβεν τὸ παιδίον καὶ τὴν μητέρα αὐτοῦ καὶ εἰσῆλθεν εἰς γῆν Ἰσραήλ	ο δε εγερθεις παρελαβεν το παιδιον και την μητερα αυτου και ηλθεν εις γην ισραηλ	ο δε εγερθεις παρελαβεν το παιδιον και την μητερα αυτου και ηλθεν εις γην ισραηλ

But when he heard that Archelaus was reigning over Judea in place of his father Herod, he was afraid to go there. After being warned in a dream, he went to the regions of Galilee.

But when he heard that Archelaus did reign in Judaea in the room of his father Herod, he was afraid to go thither: notwithstanding, being warned of God in a dream, he turned aside into the parts of Galilee:

Matthew 2:22 (NET Parallel Greek)	Matthew 2:22 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Matthew 2:22 (Byzantine Majority Text)
Ἀκούσας δὲ ὅτι Ἀρχέλαος βασιλεύει τῆς Ἰουδαίας ἀντὶ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ Ἡρῴδου ἐφοβήθη ἐκεῖ ἀπελθεῖν· χρηματισθεὶς δὲ κατ᾿ ὄναρ ἀνεχώρησεν εἰς τὰ μέρη τῆς Γαλιλαίας	ακουσας δε οτι αρχελαος βασιλευει επι της ιουδαιας αντι ηρωδου του πατρος αυτου εφοβηθη εκει απελθειν χρηματισθεις δε κατ οναρ ανεχωρησεν εις τα μερη της γαλιλαιας	ακουσας δε οτι αρχελαος βασιλευει επι της ιουδαιας αντι ηρωδου του πατρος αυτου εφοβηθη εκει απελθειν χρηματισθεις δε κατ οναρ ανεχωρησεν εις τα μερη της γαλιλαιας

Matthew 14:3 (NET)	Matthew 14:3 (KJV)
For Herod had arrested John, bound him, and put him in prison on account of Herodias, his brother Philip’s wife,	For Herod had laid hold on John, and bound him, and put him in prison for Herodias’ sake, his brother Philip’s wife.

Matthew 14:3 (NET Parallel Greek)	Matthew 14:3 (Stephanus Textus Receptus)	Matthew 14:3 (Byzantine Majority Text)
Ὁ γὰρ Ἡρῴδης κρατήσας τὸν Ἰωάννην ἔδησεν καὶ ἐν φυλακῇ ἀπέθετο διὰ Ἡρῳδιάδα τὴν γυναῖκα Φιλίππου τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ	ο γαρ ηρωδης κρατησας τον ιωαννην εδησεν αυτον και εθετο εν φυλακη δια ηρωδιαδα την γυναικα φιλιππου του αδελφου αυτου	ο γαρ ηρωδης κρατησας τον ιωαννην εδησεν αυτον και εθετο εν φυλακη δια ηρωδιαδα την γυναικα φιλιππου του αδελφου αυτου

Fear – Genesis, Part 2

Back to Fear – Genesis, Part 7

Back to Fear – Genesis, Part 8

Back to Fear – Exodus, Part 2

Back to Romans, Part 72

Back to Wonders and False Wonders, Part 3

¹ 1 John 4:18 (NET)

² Romans 8:15a (NET)

³ 2 Corinthians 5:11a (NET)

⁴ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had ὀφθαλμοδουλίᾳ here, a singular form of ὀφθαλμοδουλία, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had οφθαλμοδουλειαις (KJV: eyeservice), a plural form of ὀφθαλμοδουλεία.

⁵ Colossians 3:22 (NET) The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had κύριον here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had θεον (KJV: God).

⁶ Genesis 3:10 (NET) Table

⁷ Genesis 3:8 (NET) Table

⁸ Addendum 11/03/2024: In Strong’s Concordance online φέβομαι is listed as the root of φόβος. The Koine Greek Lexicon online doesn’t have a listing for φέβομαι.

⁹ Luke 19:21a (NET)

¹⁰ Genesis 15:1 (NET) Table

¹¹ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had ἵνα here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had οπως (KJV: that).

¹² Mark 5:23 (NET) The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had ζήσῃ here, a form of ζάω in the aorist tense, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ζησεται (KJV: she shall live), in the future tense.

¹³ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had παρακούσας here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ευθεως ακουσας (KJV: As soon as…heard).

¹⁴ Mark 5:35, 36 (NET)

¹⁵ Genesis 18:10 (NET)

¹⁶ Genesis 18:12 (NET)

¹⁷ Genesis 18:15 (NET)

¹⁸ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had εἰσῆλθεν, a form of εἰσέρχομαι here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ηλθεν (KJV: came), a form of ἔρχομαι.

¹⁹ The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had επι (KJV: in) here. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

²⁰ Matthew 2:19-22 (NET)

²¹ Genesis 19:18, 19 (NET)

²² Genesis 19:20 (NET)

²³ Genesis 19:21 (NET)

²⁴ Genesis 19:22a (NET)

²⁵ Genesis 19:24a (NET)

²⁶ Genesis 19:30 (NET)

²⁷ Matthew 14:3 (NET)

²⁸ Matthew 14:4 (NET)

²⁹ Matthew 14:5 (NET)

³⁰ Galatians 5:22b, 23a (NET)

Romans, Part 19

Posted on September 27, 2012 by admin

Is this blessedness then for the circumcision or also for the uncircumcision?¹ Paul asked. This blessedness was a three-part blessedness as follows:

1	*Blessed are those whose lawless deeds are forgiven,*	Romans 4:7a (NET)
2	*and whose sins are covered;*	Romans 4:7b (NET)
3	*blessed is the one against whom the Lord will never count* sin.	Romans 4:8 (NET) [Table]

For we say, “faith² was credited to Abraham as righteousness (δικαιοσύνην),”³ Paul continued. In Romans 4:3 Paul quoted Genesis 15:6 from the Septuagint.

Paul

Blue Letter Bible (Septuagint)

NET Bible (Greek parallel text)

Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.

Romans 4:3 (NET)

ἐπίστευσεν Αβραμ τῷ θεῷ καὶ ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην

Genesis 15:6

ἐπίστευσεν δὲ Ἀβραὰμ τῷ θεῷ καὶ ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην

Romans 4:3

Paul added the connecting conjunction δε (and, but, moreover; often unexpressed in English translation), and used the name αβρααμ (Abraham) where the Septuagint had Αβραμ (Abram). God changed his name from Abram (exalted father) to Abraham (father of a multitude) in Genesis 17:5. The Greek word δικαιοσύνην (righteousness) found in Romans 4:3 and in the Greek translation of Genesis 15:6 made by Rabbis centuries before Jesus was born is also found in Romans 4:9. Since both the Lord Jesus and Paul’s teaching have been rejected by most Rabbis the best anyone can tease out of the original Hebrew [See Addendum below] is that Abraham’s belief was credited as faith: Abram believed the Lord, and the Lord considered his response of faith as proof of genuine loyalty.⁴

How then was [righteousness (according to the Rabbis who translated the Hebrew Scripture centuries before Jesus was born to be rejected)] credited to him? Paul continued. Was he circumcised at the time, or not?⁵ Now the Lord said to Abram (Genesis 12:1-3 NET):

Go out from your country, your relatives, and your father’s household to the land that I will show you. Then I will make you into a great nation, and I will bless you, and I will make your name great, so that you will exemplify divine blessing. I will bless those who bless you, but the one who treats you lightly I must curse, and all the families of the earth will bless one another by your name [See Table below for more current translation].

At age seventy-five Abram took his wife Sarai, his nephew Lot, all their possessions including slaves and left their home. When he arrived in Canaan, The Lord appeared to Abram and said, “To your descendants I will give this land.”⁶ Abram had no children at the time. He was apparently incapable in the flesh so to speak to fulfill any promise concerning his descendants.

Abram and his retinue journeyed into Egypt during a famine. He became quite wealthy there passing off his beautiful wife as his sister. And apparently Lot benefited as well. When they returned to the land God promised Abraham’s descendants their slaves quarreled over pasture and water. Abram said to Lot, “Let there be no quarreling between me and you, and between my herdsmen and your herdsmen, for we are close relatives. Is not the whole land before you? Separate yourself now from me. If you go to the left, then I’ll go to the right, but if you go to the right, then I’ll go to the left.”⁷

Lot chose to settle near Sodom, Abram settled in the land of Canaan. After Lot had departed, the Lord (y^ehôvâh, ויהוה) said to Abram, “Look from the place where you stand to the north, south, east, and west. I will give all the land that you see to you and your descendants forever. And I will make your descendants like the dust of the earth, so that if anyone is able to count the dust of the earth, then your descendants also can be counted. Get up and walk throughout the land, for I will give it to you.”⁸

Lot apparently moved into the city of Sodom during a war. The war was lost. Lot, his family and all his possessions were carried off by the victorious kings. Abram and 318 of his trained men⁹ rescued them. After these things the word of the Lord came to Abram in a vision: “Fear not, Abram! I am your shield and the one who will reward you in great abundance.”¹⁰

But Abram said, “O sovereign (ʼădônây, אדני) Lord (y^ehôvih, יהוה), what will you give me since I continue to be childless, and my heir is Eliezer of Damascus?” [Table] Abram added, “Since you have not given me a descendant, then look, one born in my house will be my heir!”¹¹ Here Abram quoted a law to God, a law similar to that found on the Nuzi Tablets [See Addendum below].¹² But God replied (Genesis 15:4, 5 NET):

But look, the word of the Lord came to him: “This man will not be your heir, but instead a son who comes from your own body will be your heir.” The Lord took him outside and said, “Gaze into the sky and count the stars – if you are able to count them!” Then he said to him, “So will your descendants be.”

Genesis 15:6 follows, Abram believed the Lord, and the Lord considered his response of faith as proof of genuine loyalty [See Addendum below], or prior to the Rabbis rejection of Christ and Paul’s teaching, And he believed in the LORD, and He accounted it to him for righteousness.¹³ All of this transpired before there was any mention of the rite of circumcision, as Paul wrote the Romans, No, he was not circumcised but uncircumcised!¹⁴

And just in case I might think Abram possessed some special faith in some superlative degree, the Lord continued: “I am the Lord who brought you out from Ur of the Chaldeans to give you this land to possess [Table].” But Abram said, “O sovereign Lord, by what can I know that I am to possess it [Table]?”¹⁵ It reminds me of the story of the man who brought his son to Jesus, a son possessed by a spirit that [made] him mute.¹⁶

When the spirit saw him, it immediately¹⁷ threw the boy into a convulsion.¹⁸ He fell on the ground and rolled around, foaming at the mouth. Jesus asked his father, “How long has this been happening to him?” And he said, “From childhood. It has often thrown him into fire or water to destroy him. But if you are able to do¹⁹ anything, have compassion on us and help us.” Then Jesus said to him, “‘If you are able?’²⁰ All things are possible for the one who believes.” Immediately²¹ the father of the boy cried out and said,²² “I believe;²³ help my unbelief!”²⁴

The Lord helped Abram’s unbelief [See Addendum below], first by giving him something to do [though all of this probably happened in a vision] (Genesis 15:9-11 NET).

The Lord said to him, “Take for me a heifer, a goat, and a ram, each three years old, along with a dove and a young pigeon.” So Abram took all these for him and then cut them in two and placed each half opposite the other, but he did not cut the birds in half. When birds of prey came down on the carcasses, Abram drove them away.

Then the Lord gave Abram a prophetic vision of the future (Genesis 15:12-16 NET).

When the sun went down, Abram fell sound asleep, and great terror overwhelmed him. Then the Lord said to Abram, “Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a foreign country. They will be enslaved and oppressed for four hundred years. But I will execute judgment on the nation that they will serve. Afterward they will come out with many possessions. But as for you, you will go to your ancestors in peace and be buried at a good old age. In the fourth generation your descendants will return here, for the sin of the Amorites has not yet reached its limit.”

And finally the Lord made a covenant with Abram and reiterated his promise to him (Genesis 15:17-21 NET).

When the sun had gone down and it was dark, a smoking firepot with a flaming torch [See Addendum below] passed between the animal parts. That day the Lord made a covenant with Abram: “To your descendants I give this land, from the river of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates River [Table]– the land of the Kenites, Kenizzites, Kadmonites, Hittites, Perizzites, Rephaites, Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites, and Jebusites [See Addendum below].”

All of this was done for Abram before there was any mention of circumcision, certainly not any mention of circumcision as a work of righteousness that Abram had done. As Paul concluded (Romans 4:11, 12 NET):

And he received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised, so that he would become the father of all those who believe but have never been circumcised, that they too could have righteousness credited to them. And he is also the father of the circumcised, who are not only circumcised, but who also walk in the footsteps of the faith²⁵ that our father Abraham possessed when he was still uncircumcised.²⁶

Addendum: July 2, 2021
A more current comparison of the NET with other translations follows:

Masoretic Text		Septuagint
Genesis 15:6 (Tanakh) Table	Genesis 15:6 (NET)	Genesis 15:6 (NETS)	Genesis 15:6 (English Elpenor)
And he believed in HaShem; and He counted it to him for righteousness (צְדָקָֽה).	Abram believed the Lord, and the Lord credited it as righteousness (ṣᵊḏāqâ, צדקה) to him.	And Abram believed God, and it was reckoned to him as righteousness (δικαιοσύνην).	And Abram believed God, and it was counted to him for righteousness (δικαιοσύνην).

A quote from THE PENTATEUCH PART I: GENESIS / LESSON 9: Genesis 15:1- 17:27 / The Story of Abraham Continues: The Divine Promises Embodied in a Divine Covenant from Agape Catholic Bible Study online follows:

The discovery of the ancient city of Nuzi, a mid 2nd millennium BC Hurrian provincial capital located near modern Kirkuk, Iraq, yielded an archive of over 3,500 cuneiform tablets. Recorded on the tablets, Bible scholars have found many subjects including sociologic/economic conditions and practices common to the 1st and 2nd millenniums BC that are revealed in the Bible, proving that the biblical text accurately reflects the social customs of the times. Some of the Nuzi tablets addressed the possibility of adopting one’s own slave if there was no heir to inherit a man’s estate. If an heir was subsequently born, the slave relinquished his rights as the heir (The Anchor Bible Dictionary, vol. 4, “Nuzi,” pages 1156, 1160-61).

J. Alexander Rutherford in his paper, “A Consideration of the Meaning of the Righteousness of God in Romans 1:17” took Abram’s “unbelief” differently than I had considered it here:

If Paul’s Jewish background fails to yield an adequate precursor to his understanding of imputation, we can still look at the Old Testament as his source or the teachings of Jesus or the Spirit—that is, allow that God could have revealed something not yet seen.

Fortunately, we have already begun to see that there is a strong OT precedence for imputation. As noted above, God promises frequently that He will end sin (Gen. 3:15), that He will restore relationship with Him in a new land (Gen. 12:1-9, 17:8), but He expects obedience from His covenant partners: a great tension arises, how can God maintain a promise that depends on the obedience of those who are by nature disobedient? This is where Paul’s favorite Genesis quote is central; Abraham’s faith was reckoned as righteousness (Gen. 15:6). After the narrator tells us that Abraham’s belief that God would indeed be faithful to His promises was reckoned for righteousness, this vague statement is unpacked. God, in v. 7, reaffirms his promise, but Abraham in v. 8 responds with what almost appears to be doubt, “how am I to know that I shall possess it?” What happened to his faith; does he now doubt God’s ability to fulfill his promise?

Abraham is not looking for a sign that God can do this; he has already expressed faith that God can: if we are already told that Abraham is assured of God’s faithfulness (v. 6), the only room left for doubt is in Abraham’s ability to uphold his side of the bargain. This is exactly what the following verses address. God leads Abraham through the covenant making ceremony, one involving a self-maledictory oath (that covenant failure will result in the death of the one who fails) (9-11, cf. Jer. 34:18-19), yet when the time comes for both covenant makers to walk through and affirm their obligations, it is God alone who walks through in a fiery theophany (v. 17). In v. 18 God then affirms that He will indeed give the land to Abraham’s offspring. The answer to Abraham’s question has been given; what was it? Because only God walked through the line of severed animals, He is saying that He will take upon Himself not only the penalty of His hypothetical covenant failure but also the failure of His covenant partner. YHWH is also affirming that all obligations placed on Abraham will find their fulfillment by His hand. This leaves an unresolved tension through the OT: how can God Himself die for the covenant failure of men?⁴⁷ Both of these commitments then find their resolution in Jesus Christ who died for the sins of man and, as the new Adam, did what Adam and Abraham could not: He perfectly fulfilled God’s covenant obligations so that all those found in Him might receive the fullness of God’s covenant blessing. So, though Paul’s Jewish background gives no background for imputation, the Old Testament does. [pp. 20, 21]

Much as I like Mr. Rutherford’s interpretation above, a table of the relevant text follows:

Masoretic Text		Septuagint
Genesis 15:17 (Tanakh) Table	Genesis 15:17 (NET)	Genesis 15:17 (NETS)	Genesis 15:17 (English Elpenor)
And it came to pass, that, when the sun went down, and there was thick darkness, behold a smoking furnace, and a flaming torch that passed between these pieces.	When the sun had gone down and it was dark, a smoking firepot with a flaming torch passed between the animal parts.	Now after the sun began to appear in the west, a flame appeared, and look, a smoking oven and torches of fire that passed through between these cut halves.	And when the sun was about to set, there was a flame, and behold a smoking furnace and lamps of fire, which passed between these divided pieces.

Only in the NET is the Hebrew of the Masoretic text translated as if a smoking firepot with a flaming torch is one thing. It is a smoking furnace, and a flaming torch in the Tanakh, a smoking oven (furnace) and torches (lamps) of fire in the Septuagint. I need something more, something more I lack at the moment, to recognize this collection of things as representative of “God alone who walks through in a fiery theophany.” In fact, a smoking oven/furnace seems like an apt description of Abram (or any son of Adam) to me: all the lusts of his flesh.

A table comparing Genesis 15:21 in the Masoretic text and the Septuagint follows:

Masoretic Text		Septuagint
Genesis 15:21 (Tanakh) Table	Genesis 15:21 (NET)	Genesis 15:21 (NETS)	Genesis 15:21 (English Elpenor)
and the Amorite, and the Canaanite, and the Girgashite, and the Jebusite.’	Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites, and Jebusites.”	and the Amorites and the Chananites and the Heuites and the Gergesites and the Iebousites.”	and the Amorites, and the Chananites, and the Evites, and the Gergesites, and the Jebusites.

Tables comparing Genesis 12:1; 12:2; 12:3; 12:7; 13:8; 13:9; 13:14; 13:15; 13:16; 13:17; 14:14; 15:3; 15:4; 15:5; 15:9; 15:10; 15:11; 15:12; 15:13; 15:14; 15:15; 15:16; 15:17; 15:18; 15:19; 15:20 and 15:21 in the Tanakh, KJV and NET, and tables comparing the Greek of Genesis 12:1; 12:2; 12:3; 12:7; 13:8; 13:9; 13:14; 13:15; 13:16; 13:17; 14:14; 15:3; 15:4; 15:5; 15:9; 15:10; 15:11; 15:12; 15:13; 15:14; 15:15; 15:16; 15:17; 15:18; 15:19; 15:20 and 15:21 in the Septuagint (BLB and Elpenor), and tables comparing Romans 4:9; Mark 9:17; 9:20; 9:22-24 and Romans 4:12 in the NET and KJV follow.

Genesis 12:1 (Tanakh)	Genesis 12:1 (KJV)	Genesis 12:1 (NET)
Now HaShem said unto Abram: ‘Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father’s house, unto the land that I will show thee.	Now the LORD had said unto Abram, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father’s house, unto a land that I will shew thee:	Now the Lord said to Abram, “Go out from your country, your relatives, and your father’s household to the land that I will show you.

Genesis 12:1 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 12:1 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν κύριος τῷ Αβραμ ἔξελθε ἐκ τῆς γῆς σου καὶ ἐκ τῆς συγγενείας σου καὶ ἐκ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ πατρός σου εἰς τὴν γῆν ἣν ἄν σοι δείξω	ΚΑΙ εἶπε Κύριος τῷ ῞Αβραμ· ἔξελθε ἐκ τῆς γῆς σου καὶ ἐκ τῆς συγγενείας σου καὶ ἐκ τοῦ οἴκου τοῦ πατρός σου καὶ δεῦρο εἰς τὴν γῆν, ἣν ἄν σοι δείξω
Genesis 12:1 (NETS)	Genesis 12:1 (English Elpenor)
And the Lord said to Abram, “Go forth from your country and from your kindred and from your father’s house to the land that I will show you.	AND the Lord said to Abram, Go forth out of thy land and out of thy kindred, and out of the house of thy father, and come into the land which I will shew thee.

Genesis 12:2 (Tanakh)	Genesis 12:2 (KJV)	Genesis 12:2 (NET)
And I will make of thee a great nation, and I will bless thee, and make thy name great; and be thou a blessing.	And I will make of thee a great nation, and I will bless thee, and make thy name great; and thou shalt be a blessing:	Then I will make you into a great nation, and I will bless you, and I will make your name great, so that you will exemplify divine blessing.

Genesis 12:2 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 12:2 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ποιήσω σε εἰς ἔθνος μέγα καὶ εὐλογήσω σε καὶ μεγαλυνῶ τὸ ὄνομά σου καὶ ἔσῃ εὐλογητός	καὶ ποιήσω σε εἰς ἔθνος μέγα καὶ εὐλογήσω σε καὶ μεγαλυνῶ τὸ ὄνομά σου, καὶ ἔσῃ εὐλογημένος
Genesis 12:2 (NETS)	Genesis 12:2 (English Elpenor)
And I will make you into a great nation, and I will bless you and make your name great, and you shall be one blessed.	And I will make thee a great nation, and I will bless thee and magnify thy name, and thou shalt be blessed.

Genesis 12:3 (Tanakh)	Genesis 12:3 (KJV)	Genesis 12:3 (NET)
And I will bless them that bless thee, and him that curseth thee will I curse; and in thee shall all the families of the earth be blessed.’	And I will bless them that bless thee, and curse him that curseth thee: and in thee shall all families of the earth be blessed.	I will bless those who bless you, but the one who treats you lightly I must curse, so that all the families of the earth may receive blessing through you.”

Genesis 12:3 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 12:3 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εὐλογήσω τοὺς εὐλογοῦντάς σε καὶ τοὺς καταρωμένους σε καταράσομαι καὶ ἐνευλογηθήσονται ἐν σοὶ πᾶσαι αἱ φυλαὶ τῆς γῆς	καὶ εὐλογήσω τοὺς εὐλογοῦντάς σε καὶ τοὺς καταρωμένους σε καταράσομαι· καὶ ἐνευλογηθήσονται ἐν σοὶ πᾶσαι αἱ φυλαὶ τῆς γῆς
Genesis 12:3 (NETS)	Genesis 12:3 (English Elpenor)
And I will bless those who bless you, and those who curse you I will curse, and in you all the tribes of the earth shall be blessed.”	And I will bless those that bless thee, and curse those that curse thee, and in thee shall all the tribes of the earth be blessed.

Genesis 12:7 (Tanakh)	Genesis 12:7 (KJV)	Genesis 12:7 (NET)
And HaShem appeared unto Abram, and said: ‘Unto thy seed will I give this land’; and he builded there an altar unto HaShem, who appeared unto him.	And the LORD appeared unto Abram, and said, Unto thy seed will I give this land: and there builded he an altar unto the LORD, who appeared unto him.	The Lord appeared to Abram and said, “To your descendants I will give this land.” So Abram built an altar there to the Lord, who had appeared to him.

Genesis 12:7 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 12:7 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ὤφθη κύριος τῷ Αβραμ καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ τῷ σπέρματί σου δώσω τὴν γῆν ταύτην καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν ἐκεῗ Αβραμ θυσιαστήριον κυρίῳ τῷ ὀφθέντι αὐτῷ	καὶ ὤφθη Κύριος τῷ ῞Αβραμ καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ· τῷ σπέρματί σου δώσω τὴν γῆν ταύτην. καὶ ᾠκοδόμησεν ἐκεῖ ῞Αβραμ θυσιαστήριον Κυρίῳ τῷ ὀφθέντι αὐτῷ
Genesis 12:7 (NETS)	Genesis 12:7 (English Elpenor)
And the Lord appeared to Abram and said to him, “To your offspring I will give this land.” And Abram built there an altar to the Lord who had appeared to him.	And the Lord appeared to Abram, and said to him, I will give this land to thy seed. And Abram built an altar there to the Lord who appeared to him.

Genesis 13:8 (Tanakh)	Genesis 13:8 (KJV)	Genesis 13:8 (NET)
And Abram said unto Lot: ‘Let there be no strife, I pray thee, between me and thee, and between my herdmen and thy herdmen; for we are brethren.	And Abram said unto Lot, Let there be no strife, I pray thee, between me and thee, and between my herdmen and thy herdmen; for we be brethren.	Abram said to Lot, “Let there be no quarreling between me and you, and between my herdsmen and your herdsmen, for we are close relatives.

Genesis 13:8 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 13:8 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ Αβραμ τῷ Λωτ μὴ ἔστω μάχη ἀνὰ μέσον ἐμοῦ καὶ σοῦ καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν ποιμένων μου καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν ποιμένων σου ὅτι ἄνθρωποι ἀδελφοὶ ἡμεῗς ἐσμεν	εἶπε δὲ ῞Αβραμ τῷ Λώτ· μὴ ἔστω μάχη ἀνὰ μέσον ἐμοῦ καὶ σοῦ καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν ποιμένων μου καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν ποιμένων σου, ὅτι ἄνθρωποι ἀδελφοί ἐσμεν ἡμεῖς
Genesis 13:8 (NETS)	Genesis 13:8 (English Elpenor)
So then Abram said to Lot, “Let there not be strife between you and me and between your herders and my herders, for we are kindred.	And Abram said to Lot, Let there not be a strife between me and thee, and between my herdmen and thy herdmen, for we are brethren.

Genesis 13:9 (Tanakh)	Genesis 13:9 (KJV)	Genesis 13:9 (NET)
Is not the whole land before thee? separate thyself, I pray thee, from me; if thou wilt take the left hand, then I will go to the right; or if thou take the right hand, then I will go to the left.’	Is not the whole land before thee? separate thyself, I pray thee, from me: if thou wilt take the left hand, then I will go to the right; or if thou depart to the right hand, then I will go to the left.	Is not the whole land before you? Separate yourself now from me. If you go to the left, then I’ll go to the right, but if you go to the right, then I’ll go to the left.”

Genesis 13:9 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 13:9 (Septuagint Elpenor)
οὐκ ἰδοὺ πᾶσα ἡ γῆ ἐναντίον σού ἐστιν διαχωρίσθητι ἀπ᾽ ἐμοῦ εἰ σὺ εἰς ἀριστερά ἐγὼ εἰς δεξιά εἰ δὲ σὺ εἰς δεξιά ἐγὼ εἰς ἀριστερά	οὐκ ἰδοὺ πᾶσα ἡ γῆ ἐναντίον σου ἐστί; διαχωρίσθητι ἀπ᾿ ἐμοῦ· εἰ σὺ εἰς ἀριστερά, ἐγὼ εἰς δεξιά· εἰ δὲ σὺ εἰς δεξιά, ἐγὼ εἰς ἀριστερά
Genesis 13:9 (NETS)	Genesis 13:9 (English Elpenor)
See, is not the whole land before you? Separate yourself from me. If you go to the left, I will go to the right, but if you go to the right, I will go to the left.”	Lo! is not the whole land before thee? Separate thyself from me; if thou [goest] to the left, I will go to the right, and if thou goest to the right, I will go to the left.

Genesis 13:14 (Tanakh)	Genesis 13:14 (KJV)	Genesis 13:14 (NET)
And HaShem said unto Abram, after that Lot was separated from him: ‘Lift up now thine eyes, and look from the place where thou art, northward and southward and eastward and westward;	And the LORD said unto Abram, after that Lot was separated from him, Lift up now thine eyes, and look from the place where thou art northward, and southward, and eastward, and westward:	After Lot had departed, the Lord said to Abram, “Look from the place where you stand to the north, south, east, and west.

Genesis 13:14 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 13:14 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ὁ δὲ θεὸς εἶπεν τῷ Αβραμ μετὰ τὸ διαχωρισθῆναι τὸν Λωτ ἀπ᾽ αὐτοῦ ἀναβλέψας τοῗς ὀφθαλμοῗς σου ἰδὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ τόπου οὗ νῦν σὺ εἶ πρὸς βορρᾶν καὶ λίβα καὶ ἀνατολὰς καὶ θάλασσαν	῾Ο δὲ Θεὸς εἶπε τῷ ῞Αβραμ μετὰ τὸ διαχωρισθῆναι τὸν Λὼτ ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ· ἀνάβλεψον τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς σου καὶ ἴδε ἀπὸ τοῦ τόπου, οὗ νῦν σύ εἶ, πρὸς βορρᾶν καὶ λίβα καὶ ἀνατολὰς καὶ θάλασσαν
Genesis 13:14 (NETS)	Genesis 13:14 (English Elpenor)
And God said to Abram after Lot had separated from him, “Look up with your eyes; look from the place where you are now, toward the north and southwest and east and sea.	And God said to Abram after Lot was separated from him, Look up with thine eyes, and behold from the place where thou now art northward and southward, and eastward and seaward;

Genesis 13:15 (Tanakh)	Genesis 13:15 (KJV)	Genesis 13:15 (NET)
for all the land which thou seest, to thee will I give it, and to thy seed for ever.	For all the land which thou seest, to thee will I give it, and to thy seed for ever.	I will give all the land that you see to you and your descendants forever.

Genesis 13:15 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 13:15 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ὅτι πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν ἣν σὺ ὁρᾷς σοὶ δώσω αὐτὴν καὶ τῷ σπέρματί σου ἕως τοῦ αἰῶνος	ὅτι πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν, ἣν σὺ ὁρᾷς, σοὶ δώσω αὐτὴν καὶ τῷ σπέρματί σου ἕως αἰῶνος
Genesis 13:15 (NETS)	Genesis 13:15 (English Elpenor)
For all the land that you see, I will give it to you and to your offspring forever.	for all the land which thou seest, I will give it to thee and to thy seed for ever.

Genesis 13:16 (Tanakh)	Genesis 13:16 (KJV)	Genesis 13:16 (NET)
And I will make thy seed as the dust of the earth; so that if a man can number the dust of the earth, then shall thy seed also be numbered.	And I will make thy seed as the dust of the earth: so that if a man can number the dust of the earth, then shall thy seed also be numbered.	And I will make your descendants like the dust of the earth, so that if anyone is able to count the dust of the earth, then your descendants also can be counted.

Genesis 13:16 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 13:16 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ποιήσω τὸ σπέρμα σου ὡς τὴν ἄμμον τῆς γῆς εἰ δύναταί τις ἐξαριθμῆσαι τὴν ἄμμον τῆς γῆς καὶ τὸ σπέρμα σου ἐξαριθμηθήσεται	καὶ ποιήσω τὸ σπέρμα σου ὡς τὴν ἄμμον τῆς γῆς· εἰ δύναταί τις ἐξαριθμῆσαι τὴν ἄμμον τῆς γῆς, καὶ τὸ σπέρμα σου ἐξαριθμηθήσεται
Genesis 13:16 (NETS)	Genesis 13:16 (English Elpenor)
And I will make your offspring like the sand of the earth; if anyone can count the sand of the earth, your offspring also shall be counted.	And I will make thy seed like the dust of the earth; if any one is able to number the dust of the earth, then shall thy seed be numbered.

Genesis 13:17 (Tanakh)	Genesis 13:17 (KJV)	Genesis 13:17 (NET)
Arise, walk through the land in the length of it and in the breadth of it; for unto thee will I give it.’	Arise, walk through the land in the length of it and in the breadth of it; for I will give it unto thee.	Get up and walk throughout the land, for I will give it to you.”

Genesis 13:17 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 13:17 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἀναστὰς διόδευσον τὴν γῆν εἴς τε τὸ μῆκος αὐτῆς καὶ εἰς τὸ πλάτος ὅτι σοὶ δώσω αὐτήν	ἀναστὰς διόδευσον τὴν γῆν εἴς τε τὸ μῆκος αὐτῆς καὶ εἰς τὸ πλάτος, ὅτι σοὶ δώσω αὐτὴν καὶ τῷ σπέρματί σου εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα
Genesis 13:17 (NETS)	Genesis 13:17 (English Elpenor)
Rise up, pass through the land, both in the length of it and in the breadth, for I will give it to you.	Arise and traverse the land, both in the length of it and in the breadth; for to thee will I give it, and to thy seed for ever.

Genesis 14:14 (Tanakh)	Genesis 14:14 (KJV)	Genesis 14:14 (NET)
And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he led forth his trained men, born in his house, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued as far as Dan.	And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he armed his trained servants, born in his own house, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued them unto Dan.	When Abram heard that his nephew had been taken captive, he mobilized his 318 trained men who had been born in his household, and he pursued the invaders as far as Dan.

Genesis 14:14 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 14:14 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἀκούσας δὲ Αβραμ ὅτι ᾐχμαλώτευται Λωτ ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ ἠρίθμησεν τοὺς ἰδίους οἰκογενεῗς αὐτοῦ τριακοσίους δέκα καὶ ὀκτώ καὶ κατεδίωξεν ὀπίσω αὐτῶν ἕως Δαν	ἀκούσας δὲ ῞Αβραμ ὅτι ᾐχμαλώτευται Λὼτ ὁ ἀδελφιδοῦς αὐτοῦ, ἠρίθμησε τοὺς ἰδίους οἰκογενεῖς αὐτοῦ, τριακοσίους δέκα καὶ ὀκτώ, καὶ κατεδίωξεν ὀπίσω αὐτῶν ἕως Δάν
Genesis 14:14 (NETS)	Genesis 14:14 (English Elpenor)
And when Abram heard that his kinsman Lot had been taken captive, he counted his homebreds, three hundred eighteen, and chased after them as far as Dan.	And Abram having heard that Lot his nephew had been taken captive, numbered his own home-born [servants] three hundred and eighteen, and pursued after them to Dan.

Genesis 15:3 (Tanakh)	Genesis 15:3 (KJV)	Genesis 15:3 (NET)
And Abram said: ‘Behold, to me Thou hast given no seed, and, lo, one born in my house is to be mine heir.’	And Abram said, Behold, to me thou hast given no seed: and, lo, one born in my house is mine heir.	Abram added, “Since you have not given me a descendant, then look, one born in my house will be my heir!”

Genesis 15:3 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 15:3 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εἶπεν Αβραμ ἐπειδὴ ἐμοὶ οὐκ ἔδωκας σπέρμα ὁ δὲ οἰκογενής μου κληρονομήσει με	καὶ εἶπεν ῞Αβραμ· ἐπειδὴ ἐμοὶ οὐκ ἔδωκας σπέρμα, ὁ δὲ οἰκογενής μου κληρονομήσει μοι
Genesis 15:3 (NETS)	Genesis 15:3 (English Elpenor)
And Abram said, “Since you have given me no offspring, my male homebred will be my heir.”	And Abram said, [I am grieved] since thou hast given me no seed, but my home-born [servant] shall succeed me.

Genesis 15:4 (Tanakh)	Genesis 15:4 (KJV)	Genesis 15:4 (NET)
And, behold, the word of HaShem came unto him, saying: ‘This man shall not be thine heir; but he that shall come forth out of thine own bowels shall be thine heir.’	And, behold, the word of the LORD came unto him, saying, This shall not be thine heir; but he that shall come forth out of thine own bowels shall be thine heir.	But look, the Lord’s message came to him: “This man will not be your heir, but instead a son who comes from your own body will be your heir.”

Genesis 15:4 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 15:4 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ εὐθὺς φωνὴ κυρίου ἐγένετο πρὸς αὐτὸν λέγων οὐ κληρονομήσει σε οὗτος ἀλλ᾽ ὃς ἐξελεύσεται ἐκ σοῦ οὗτος κληρονομήσει σε	καὶ εὐθὺς φωνὴ Κυρίου ἐγένετο πρὸς αὐτὸν λέγουσα· οὐ κληρονομήσει σε οὗτος, ἀλλ᾿ ὃς ἐξελεύσεται ἐκ σοῦ, οὗτος κληρονομήσει σε
Genesis 15:4 (NETS)	Genesis 15:4 (English Elpenor)
And immediately a divine voice came to him, saying, “This one shall not be your heir, but one who shall come out of you, he shall be your heir.”	And immediately there was a voice of the Lord to him, saying, This shall not be thine heir; but he that shall come out of thee shall be thine heir.

Genesis 15:5 (Tanakh)	Genesis 15:5 (KJV)	Genesis 15:5 (NET)
And He brought him forth abroad, and said: ‘Look now toward heaven, and count the stars, if thou be able to count them’; and He said unto him: ‘So shall thy seed be.’	And he brought him forth abroad, and said, Look now toward heaven, and tell the stars, if thou be able to number them: and he said unto him, So shall thy seed be.	The Lord took him outside and said, “Gaze into the sky and count the stars—if you are able to count them!” Then he said to him, “So will your descendants be.”

Genesis 15:5 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 15:5 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐξήγαγεν δὲ αὐτὸν ἔξω καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ ἀνάβλεψον δὴ εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ ἀρίθμησον τοὺς ἀστέρας εἰ δυνήσῃ ἐξαριθμῆσαι αὐτούς καὶ εἶπεν οὕτως ἔσται τὸ σπέρμα σου	ἐξήγαγε δὲ αὐτὸν ἔξω καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ· ἀνάβλεψον δὴ εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ ἀρίθμησον τοὺς ἀστέρας, εἰ δυνήσῃ ἐξαριθμῆσαι αὐτούς. καὶ εἶπεν· οὕτως ἔσται τὸ σπέρμα σου
Genesis 15:5 (NETS)	Genesis 15:5 (English Elpenor)
Then he brought him outside and said to him, “Look up to the sky, and number the stars, if you will be able to count them.” And he said, “So shall your offspring be.”	And he brought him out and said to him, Look up now to heaven, and count the stars, if thou shalt be able to number them fully, and he said, Thus shall thy seed be.

Genesis 15:9 (Tanakh)	Genesis 15:9 (KJV)	Genesis 15:9 (NET)
And He said unto him: ‘Take Me a heifer of three years old, and a she-goat of three years old, and a ram of three years old, and a turtle-dove, and a young pigeon.’	And he said unto him, Take me an heifer of three years old, and a she goat of three years old, and a ram of three years old, and a turtledove, and a young pigeon.	The Lord said to him, “Take for me a heifer, a goat, and a ram, each three years old, along with a dove and a young pigeon.”

Genesis 15:9 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 15:9 (Septuagint Elpenor)
εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ λαβέ μοι δάμαλιν τριετίζουσαν καὶ αἶγα τριετίζουσαν καὶ κριὸν τριετίζοντα καὶ τρυγόνα καὶ περιστεράν	εἶπε δὲ αὐτῷ· λάβε μοι δάμαλιν τριετίζουσαν καὶ αἶγα τριετίζουσαν καὶ κριὸν τριετίζοντα καὶ τρυγόνα καὶ περιστεράν
Genesis 15:9 (NETS)	Genesis 15:9 (English Elpenor)
And he said to him, “Take for me a heifer three years old and a female goat three years old and a ram three years old and a turtledove and a dove.”	And he said to him, Take for me an heifer in her third year, and a she-goat in her third year, and a ram in his third year, and a dove and a pigeon.

Genesis 15:10 (Tanakh)	Genesis 15:10 (KJV)	Genesis 15:10 (NET)
And he took him all these, and divided them in the midst, and laid each half over against the other; but the birds divided he not.	And he took unto him all these, and divided them in the midst, and laid each piece one against another: but the birds divided he not.	So Abram took all these for him and then cut them in two and placed each half opposite the other, but he did not cut the birds in half.

Genesis 15:10 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 15:10 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἔλαβεν δὲ αὐτῷ πάντα ταῦτα καὶ διεῗλεν αὐτὰ μέσα καὶ ἔθηκεν αὐτὰ ἀντιπρόσωπα ἀλλήλοις τὰ δὲ ὄρνεα οὐ διεῗλεν	ἔλαβε δὲ αὐτῷ πάντα ταῦτα καὶ διεῖλεν αὐτὰ μέσα καὶ ἔθηκεν αὐτὰ ἀντιπρόσωπα ἀλλήλοις, τὰ δὲ ὄρνεα οὐ διεῖλε
Genesis 15:10 (NETS)	Genesis 15:10 (English Elpenor)
And he took for him all these and divided them in the middle and placed them facing one another, but he did not divide the birds.	So he took to him all these, and divided them in the midst, and set them opposite to each other, but the birds he did not divide.

Genesis 15:11 (Tanakh)	Genesis 15:11 (KJV)	Genesis 15:11 (NET)
And the birds of prey came down upon the carcasses, and Abram drove them away.	And when the fowls came down upon the carcases, Abram drove them away.	When birds of prey came down on the carcasses, Abram drove them away.

Genesis 15:11 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 15:11 (Septuagint Elpenor)
κατέβη δὲ ὄρνεα ἐπὶ τὰ σώματα τὰ διχοτομήματα αὐτῶν καὶ συνεκάθισεν αὐτοῗς Αβραμ	κατέβη δὲ ὄρνεα ἐπὶ τὰ σώματα, ἐπὶ τὰ διχοτομήματα αὐτῶν, καὶ συνεκάθησεν αὐτοῖς ῞Αβραμ
Genesis 15:11 (NETS)	Genesis 15:11 (English Elpenor)
And birds came down on the carcasses, their cut halves, and Abram sat together with them.	And birds came down upon the bodies, [even] upon the divided parts of them, and Abram sat down by them.

Genesis 15:12 (Tanakh)	Genesis 15:12 (KJV)	Genesis 15:12 (NET)
And it came to pass, that, when the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell upon Abram; and, lo, a dread, even a great darkness, fell upon him.	And when the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell upon Abram; and, lo, an horror of great darkness fell upon him.	When the sun went down, Abram fell sound asleep, and great terror overwhelmed him.

Genesis 15:12 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 15:12 (Septuagint Elpenor)
περὶ δὲ ἡλίου δυσμὰς ἔκστασις ἐπέπεσεν τῷ Αβραμ καὶ ἰδοὺ φόβος σκοτεινὸς μέγας ἐπιπίπτει αὐτῷ	περὶ δὲ ἡλίου δυσμὰς ἔκστασις ἐπέπεσε τῷ ῞Αβραμ, καὶ ἰδοὺ φόβος σκοτεινὸς μέγας ἐπιπίπτει αὐτῷ
Genesis 15:12 (NETS)	Genesis 15:12 (English Elpenor)
Then about sunset a trance fell upon Abram, and look, a great dark fear was falling upon him.	And about sunset a trance fell upon Abram, and lo! a great gloomy terror falls upon him.

Genesis 15:13 (Tanakh)	Genesis 15:13 (KJV)	Genesis 15:13 (NET)
And He said unto Abram: ‘Know of a surety that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs, and shall serve them; and they shall afflict them four hundred years;	And he said unto Abram, Know of a surety that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs, and shall serve them; and they shall afflict them four hundred years;	Then the Lord said to Abram, “Know for certain that your descendants will be strangers in a foreign country. They will be enslaved and oppressed for 400 years.

Genesis 15:13 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 15:13 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ ἐρρέθη πρὸς Αβραμ γινώσκων γνώσῃ ὅτι πάροικον ἔσται τὸ σπέρμα σου ἐν γῇ οὐκ ἰδίᾳ καὶ δουλώσουσιν αὐτοὺς καὶ κακώσουσιν αὐτοὺς καὶ ταπεινώσουσιν αὐτοὺς τετρακόσια ἔτη	καὶ ἐρρέθη πρὸς ῞Αβραμ· γινώσκων γνώσῃ ὅτι πάροικον ἔσται τὸ σπέρμα σου ἐν γῇ οὐκ ἰδίᾳ, καὶ δουλώσουσιν αὐτοὺς καὶ κακώσουσιν αὐτοὺς καὶ ταπεινώσουσιν αὐτοὺς τετρακόσια ἔτη
Genesis 15:13 (NETS)	Genesis 15:13 (English Elpenor)
And it was said to Abram, “Knowledgeably you shall know that your offspring shall be alien in a land not its own, and they shall enslave them and maltreat them and humble them for four hundred years.	And it was said to Abram, Thou shalt surely know that thy seed shall be a sojourner in a land not their own, and they shall enslave them, and afflict them, and humble them four hundred years.

Genesis 15:14 (Tanakh)	Genesis 15:14 (KJV)	Genesis 15:14 (NET)
and also that nation, whom they shall serve, will I judge; and afterward shall they come out with great substance.	And also that nation, whom they shall serve, will I judge: and afterward shall they come out with great substance.	But I will execute judgment on the nation that they will serve. Afterward they will come out with many possessions.

Genesis 15:14 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 15:14 (Septuagint Elpenor)
τὸ δὲ ἔθνος ᾧ ἐὰν δουλεύσωσιν κρινῶ ἐγώ μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἐξελεύσονται ὧδε μετὰ ἀποσκευῆς πολλῆς	τὸ δὲ ἔθνος, ᾧ ἐὰν δουλεύσωσι, κρινῶ ἐγώ· μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἐξελεύσονται ὧδε μετὰ ἀποσκευῆς πολλῆς
Genesis 15:14 (NETS)	Genesis 15:14 (English Elpenor)
But I will judge the nation that they are subject to; then aterward they shall come out here with much baggage.	And the nation whomsoever they shall serve I will judge; and after this, they shall come forth hither with much property.

Genesis 15:15 (Tanakh)	Genesis 15:15 (KJV)	Genesis 15:15 (NET)
But thou shalt go to thy fathers in peace; thou shalt be buried in a good old age.	And thou shalt go to thy fathers in peace; thou shalt be buried in a good old age.	But as for you, you will go to your ancestors in peace and be buried at a good old age.

Genesis 15:15 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 15:15 (Septuagint Elpenor)
σὺ δὲ ἀπελεύσῃ πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας σου μετ᾽ εἰρήνης ταφεὶς ἐν γήρει καλῷ	σὺ δὲ ἀπελεύσῃ πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας σου ἐν εἰρήνῃ, τραφεὶς ἐν γήρᾳ καλῷ
Genesis 15:15 (NETS)	Genesis 15:15 (English Elpenor)
Now as for yourself, you shall depart to your fathers in peace, buried in a good old age.	But thou shalt depart to thy fathers in peace, nourished in a good old age.

Genesis 15:16 (Tanakh)	Genesis 15:16 (KJV)	Genesis 15:16 (NET)
And in the fourth generation they shall come back hither; for the iniquity of the Amorite is not yet full.’	But in the fourth generation they shall come hither again: for the iniquity of the Amorites is not yet full.	In the fourth generation your descendants will return here, for the sin of the Amorites has not yet reached its limit.”

Genesis 15:16 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 15:16 (Septuagint Elpenor)
τετάρτη δὲ γενεὰ ἀποστραφήσονται ὧδε οὔπω γὰρ ἀναπεπλήρωνται αἱ ἁμαρτίαι τῶν Αμορραίων ἕως τοῦ νῦν	τετάρτῃ δὲ γενεᾷ ἀποστραφήσονται ὧδε· οὔπω γὰρ ἀναπεπλήρωνται αἱ ἁμαρτίαι τῶν ᾿Αμορραίων ἕως τοῦ νῦν
Genesis 15:16 (NETS)	Genesis 15:16 (English Elpenor)
Then in the fourth generation they shall brought back here, for the sins of the Amorites are not yet, to the present, filled up.	And in the fourth generation they shall return hither, for the sins of the Amorites are not yet filled up, even until now.

Genesis 15:17 (Tanakh)	Genesis 15:17 (KJV)	Genesis 15:17 (NET)
And it came to pass, that, when the sun went down, and there was thick darkness, behold a smoking furnace, and a flaming torch that passed between these pieces.	And it came to pass, that, when the sun went down, and it was dark, behold a smoking furnace, and a burning lamp that passed between those pieces.	When the sun had gone down and it was dark, a smoking firepot with a flaming torch passed between the animal parts.

Genesis 15:17 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 15:17 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐπεὶ δὲ ἐγίνετο ὁ ἥλιος πρὸς δυσμαῗς φλὸξ ἐγένετο καὶ ἰδοὺ κλίβανος καπνιζόμενος καὶ λαμπάδες πυρός αἳ διῆλθον ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν διχοτομημάτων τούτων	ἐπεὶ δὲ ὁ ἥλιος ἐγένετο πρὸς δυσμάς, φλὸξ ἐγένετο, καὶ ἰδοὺ κλίβανος καπνιζόμενος καὶ λαμπάδες πυρός, αἳ διῆλθον ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν διχοτομημάτων τούτων
Genesis 15:17 (NETS)	Genesis 15:17 (English Elpenor)
Now after the sun began to appear in the west, a flame appeared, and look, a smoking oven and torches of fire that passed through between these cut halves.	And when the sun was about to set, there was a flame, and behold a smoking furnace and lamps of fire, which passed between these divided pieces.

Genesis 15:18 (Tanakh)	Genesis 15:18 (KJV)	Genesis 15:18 (NET)
In that day HaShem made a covenant with Abram, saying: ‘Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates;	In the same day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates:	That day the Lord made a covenant with Abram: “To your descendants I give this land, from the river of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates River—

Genesis 15:18 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 15:18 (Septuagint Elpenor)
ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ διέθετο κύριος τῷ Αβραμ διαθήκην λέγων τῷ σπέρματί σου δώσω τὴν γῆν ταύτην ἀπὸ τοῦ ποταμοῦ Αἰγύπτου ἕως τοῦ ποταμοῦ τοῦ μεγάλου ποταμοῦ Εὐφράτου	ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ διέθετο Κύριος τῷ ῞Αβραμ διαθήκην λέγων· τῷ σπέρματί σου δώσω τὴν γῆν ταύτην, ἀπὸ τοῦ ποταμοῦ Αἰγύπτου ἕως τοῦ ποταμοῦ τοῦ μεγάλου, ποταμοῦ Εὐφράτου
Genesis 15:18 (NETS)	Genesis 15:18 (English Elpenor)
On that say the Lord made a covenant with Abram, saying, “To your offspring I will give this land from the river of Egypt to the great river, the river Euphrates:	In that day the Lord made a covenant with Abram, saying, To thy seed I will give this land, from the river of Egypt to the great river Euphrates.

Genesis 15:19 (Tanakh)	Genesis 15:19 (KJV)	Genesis 15:19 (NET)
the Kenite, and the Kenizzite, and the Kadmonite,	The Kenites, and the Kenizzites, and the Kadmonites,	the land of the Kenites, Kenizzites, Kadmonites,

Genesis 15:19 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 15:19 (Septuagint Elpenor)
τοὺς Καιναίους καὶ τοὺς Κενεζαίους καὶ τοὺς Κεδμωναίους	τοὺς Κεναίους καὶ τοὺς Κενεζαίους καὶ τούς Κεδμωναίους
Genesis 15:19 (NETS)	Genesis 15:19 (English Elpenor)
the Kenites and the Kenezites and the Kedmonites	The Kenites, and the Kenezites, and the Kedmoneans,

Genesis 15:20 (Tanakh)	Genesis 15:20 (KJV)	Genesis 15:20 (NET)
and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Rephaim,	And the Hittites, and the Perizzites, and the Rephaims,	Hittites, Perizzites, Rephaites,

Genesis 15:20 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 15:20 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ τοὺς Χετταίους καὶ τοὺς Φερεζαίους καὶ τοὺς Ραφαϊν	καὶ τοὺς Χετταίους καὶ τοὺς Φερεζαίους καὶ Ραφαεὶν
Genesis 15:20 (NETS)	Genesis 15:20 (English Elpenor)
and the Chettites and the Pherezites and the Rhaphain	and the Chettites, and the Pherezites, and the Raphaim,

Genesis 15:21 (Tanakh)	Genesis 15:21 (KJV)	Genesis 15:21 (NET)
and the Amorite, and the Canaanite, and the Girgashite, and the Jebusite.’	And the Amorites, and the Canaanites, and the Girgashites, and the Jebusites.	Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites, and Jebusites.”

Genesis 15:21 (Septuagint BLB)	Genesis 15:21 (Septuagint Elpenor)
καὶ τοὺς Αμορραίους καὶ τοὺς Χαναναίους καὶ τοὺς Ευαίους καὶ τοὺς Γεργεσαίους καὶ τοὺς Ιεβουσαίους	καὶ τοὺς Ἀμορραίους καὶ τοὺς Χαναναίους καὶ τοὺς Εὐαίους καὶ τοὺς Γεργεσαίους καὶ τοὺς Ἰεβουσαίους
Genesis 15:21 (NETS)	Genesis 15:21 (English Elpenor)
and the Amorites and the Chananites and the Heuites and the Gergesites and the Iebousites.”	and the Amorites, and the Chananites, and the Evites, and the Gergesites, and the Jebusites.

Romans 4:9 (NET)	Romans 4:9 (KJV)
Is this blessedness then for the circumcision or also for the uncircumcision? For we say, “faith was credited to Abraham as righteousness.”	Cometh this blessedness then upon the circumcision only, or upon the uncircumcision also? for we say that faith was reckoned to Abraham for righteousness.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
Ὁ μακαρισμὸς οὖν οὗτος ἐπὶ τὴν περιτομὴν ἢ καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν ἀκροβυστίαν; λέγομεν γάρ· ἐλογίσθη τῷ Ἀβραὰμ ἡ πίστις εἰς δικαιοσύνην	ο μακαρισμος ουν ουτος επι την περιτομην η και επι την ακροβυστιαν λεγομεν γαρ οτι ελογισθη τω αβρααμ η πιστις εις δικαιοσυνην	ο μακαρισμος ουν ουτος επι την περιτομην η και επι την ακροβυστιαν λεγομεν γαρ οτι ελογισθη τω αβρααμ η πιστις εις δικαιοσυνην

Mark 9:17 (NET)	Mark 9:17 (KJV)
A member of the crowd said to him, “Teacher, I brought you my son, who is possessed by a spirit that makes him mute.	And one of the multitude answered and said, Master, I have brought unto thee my son, which hath a dumb spirit;

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
καὶ ἀπεκρίθη αὐτῷ εἷς ἐκ τοῦ ὄχλου· διδάσκαλε, ἤνεγκα τὸν υἱόν μου πρὸς σέ, ἔχοντα πνεῦμα ἄλαλον	και αποκριθεις εις εκ του οχλου ειπεν διδασκαλε ηνεγκα τον υιον μου προς σε εχοντα πνευμα αλαλον	και αποκριθεις εις εκ του οχλου ειπεν διδασκαλε ηνεγκα τον υιον μου προς σε εχοντα πνευμα αλαλον

Mark 9:20 (NET)	Mark 9:20 (KJV)
So they brought the boy to him. When the spirit saw him, it immediately threw the boy into a convulsion. He fell on the ground and rolled around, foaming at the mouth.	And they brought him unto him: and when he saw him, straightway the spirit tare him; and he fell on the ground, and wallowed foaming.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
καὶ ἤνεγκαν αὐτὸν πρὸς αὐτόν. καὶ ἰδὼν αὐτὸν τὸ πνεῦμα εὐθὺς συνεσπάραξεν αὐτόν, καὶ πεσὼν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἐκυλίετο ἀφρίζων	και ηνεγκαν αυτον προς αυτον και ιδων αυτον ευθεως το πνευμα εσπαραξεν αυτον και πεσων επι της γης εκυλιετο αφριζων	και ηνεγκαν αυτον προς αυτον και ιδων αυτον ευθεως το πνευμα εσπαραξεν αυτον και πεσων επι της γης εκυλιετο αφριζων

Mark 9:22-24 (NET)	Mark 9:22-24 (KJV)
It has often thrown him into fire or water to destroy him. But if you are able to do anything, have compassion on us and help us.”	And ofttimes it hath cast him into the fire, and into the waters, to destroy him: but if thou canst do any thing, have compassion on us, and help us.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
καὶ πολλάκις καὶ εἰς πῦρ αὐτὸν ἔβαλεν καὶ εἰς ὕδατα ἵνα ἀπολέσῃ αὐτόν· ἀλλ᾿ εἴ τι δύνῃ, βοήθησον ἡμῖν σπλαγχνισθεὶς ἐφ᾿ ἡμᾶς	και πολλακις αυτον και εις πυρ εβαλεν και εις υδατα ινα απολεση αυτον αλλ ει τι δυνασαι βοηθησον ημιν σπλαγχνισθεις εφ ημας	και πολλακις αυτον και εις το πυρ εβαλεν και εις υδατα ινα απολεση αυτον αλλ ει τι δυνασαι βοηθησον ημιν σπλαγχνισθεις εφ ημας

Then Jesus said to him, “‘If you are able?’ All things are possible for the one who believes.”

Jesus said unto him, If thou canst believe, all things are possible to him that believeth.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν αὐτῷ· τὸ εἰ δύνῃ, πάντα δυνατὰ τῷ πιστεύοντι	ο δε ιησους ειπεν αυτω το ει δυνασαι πιστευσαι παντα δυνατα τω πιστευοντι	ο δε ιησους ειπεν αυτω το ει δυνασαι πιστευσαι παντα δυνατα τω πιστευοντι

Immediately the father of the boy cried out and said, “I believe; help my unbelief!”

And straightway the father of the child cried out, and said with tears, Lord, I believe; help thou mine unbelief.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
εὐθὺς κράξας ὁ πατὴρ τοῦ παιδίου ἔλεγεν· πιστεύω· βοήθει μου τῇ ἀπιστίᾳ	και ευθεως κραξας ο πατηρ του παιδιου μετα δακρυων ελεγεν πιστευω κυριε βοηθει μου τη απιστια	και ευθεως κραξας ο πατηρ του παιδιου μετα δακρυων ελεγεν πιστευω κυριε βοηθει μου τη απιστια

Romans 4:12 (NET)	Romans 4:12 (KJV)
And he is also the father of the circumcised, who are not only circumcised, but who also walk in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham possessed when he was still uncircumcised.	And the father of circumcision to them who are not of the circumcision only, but who also walk in the steps of that faith of our father Abraham, which he had being yet uncircumcised.

NET Parallel Greek	Stephanus Textus Receptus	Byzantine Majority Text
καὶ πατέρα περιτομῆς τοῖς οὐκ ἐκ περιτομῆς μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖς στοιχοῦσιν τοῖς ἴχνεσιν τῆς ἐν ἀκροβυστίᾳ πίστεως τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν Ἀβραάμ	και πατερα περιτομης τοις ουκ εκ περιτομης μονον αλλα και τοις στοιχουσιν τοις ιχνεσιν της εν τη ακροβυστια πιστεως του πατρος ημων αβρααμ	και πατερα περιτομης τοις ουκ εκ περιτομης μονον αλλα και τοις στοιχουσιν τοις ιχνεσιν της πιστεως της εν τη ακροβυστια του πατρος ημων αβρααμ

Romans, Part 20

Back to Romans, Part 21

Back to Forgiven or Passed Over? Part 2

Back to Romans, Part 84

Back to Fear – Deuteronomy, Part 8

Back to Fear – Numbers, Part 3

Back to Fear – Numbers, Part 4

Back to Psalm 22, Part 10

Back to The Children of Promise, Part 1

Back to The Children of Promise, Part 2

Back to Christ-Centered Preaching, Chapter 3

Back to Exploration, Part 2

¹ Romans 4:9a (NET)

² The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had οτι (KJV: that) preceding faith. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

³ Romans 4:9b (NET)

⁴ Genesis 15:6 (NET) Table
Addendum 6/27/2021: The NET translation no longer reads proof of genuine loyalty.

⁵ Romans 4:10a (NET)

⁶ Genesis 12:7 (NET)

⁷ Genesis 13:8, 9 (NET)

⁸ Genesis 13:14-17 (NET)

⁹ Genesis 14:14 (NET)

¹⁰ Genesis 15:1 (NET) Table

¹¹ Genesis 15:2, 3 (NET)

¹² THE PENTATEUCH PART I: GENESIS / LESSON 9: Genesis 15:1- 17:27 / The Story of Abraham Continues: The Divine Promises Embodied in a Divine Covenant

¹³ Genesis 15:6 (NKJV) Table
Addendum 6/28/2021: This would have made more sense if I had quoted And Abram believed God, and it was counted to him for righteousness (English Elpenor). I may have been a bit catty here (Addendum to Footnote⁴ above).

¹⁴ Romans 4:10b (NET)

¹⁵ Genesis 15:7, 8 (NET)

¹⁶ Mark 9:17 (NET)

¹⁷ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had εὐθὺς here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ευθεως (KJV: straightway).

¹⁸ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had συνεσπάραξεν here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had εσπαραξεν (KJV: tare).

¹⁹ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had δύνῃ here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had δυνασαι (KJV: thou canst do).

²⁰ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had δύνῃ here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had δυνασαι πιστευσαι (KJV: thou canst believe).

²¹ The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ had εὐθὺς here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had και ευθεως (KJV: And straightway).

²² The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had μετα δακρυων (KJV: with tears) here. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

²³ The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had κυριε (KJV: Lord) here. The NET parallel Greek text and NA²⁸ did not.

²⁴ Mark 9:20-24 (NET)

²⁵ The Byzantine Majority Text had the article της preceding faith. The NET parallel Greek text, NA²⁸ and Stephanus Textus Receptus did not.