The next form of ἁγιάζω I want to consider is found in Jesus’ prayer to his Father: Set them apart (ἁγίασον, a form of ἁγιάζω) in the truth; your word is truth.[1] But I’m making a slow pilgrimage through his prayer because I believe I can know his holiness here. In another essay I considered your word (τὸν λόγον σου) from the continuation of Jesus’ prayer (John 17:14, 15 NET):
I have given them your word, and the world has hated them, because they do not belong to the world, just as I do not belong to the world. I am not asking you to take them out of the world, but that you keep them safe from the evil one.
Here I want to begin to consider world (κόσμος). Jesus told a parable (Matthew 13:24b-30 NET):
“The kingdom of heaven is like a person who sowed[2] good seed in his field. But while everyone was sleeping, an enemy came and sowed[3] darnel among the wheat and went away. When the plants sprouted and produced grain, then the darnel also appeared. So the slaves of the landowner came and said to him, ‘Sir, didn’t you sow good seed in your field? Then where did the darnel come from?’ He said, ‘An enemy has done this!’ So the slaves replied, ‘Do you want us to go and gather it?’ [Table] But he said,[4] ‘No, since in gathering the darnel you may uproot the wheat along with it [Table]. Let both grow together until[5] the harvest. At harvest time I will tell the reapers, “First collect the darnel and tie it in bundles to be burned, but then gather the wheat into my barn.”’”
Jesus explained the parable (Matthew 13:37b-39 NET):
The one who sowed the good seed is the Son of Man. The field is the world (κόσμος) and the good seed are the people of the kingdom. The poisonous weeds are the people of the evil one, and the enemy who sows them is the devil. The harvest is the end of age, and the reapers are angels [Table].
This is probably not exactly what Jesus meant when He prayed καὶ ὁ κόσμος ἐμίσησεν αὐτούς (and the world has hated them). It does provide a sense of his worldview as background: This world is populated currently (assuming the end of the age has not yet come) by the people of the kingdom and the people of the evil one. This is probably just about what Jesus’ audience heard:
| people of the kingdom |
people of the evil one
|
| The descendants of Israel in good standing more or less… |
Everyone else, with the possible exception of those Gentiles who made some move toward Israel’s religion and/or the law of Moses… |
But is that what Jesus meant? You people are from your father the devil, and you want to do what your father desires,[6] He said to his hearers in Israel. It highlights the fact that the word translated people in people of the kingdom and people of the evil one is actually υἱοὶ (a plural form of υἱός) in Greek—children, sons. So we tend to think:
|
children of the kingdom
|
children of the evil one
|
| Those who believe in Jesus, good standing may or may not be essential… |
Everyone else, with the possible exception of children… |
But who did Jesus address as children of the devil? Then Jesus said to those Judeans who had believed him, “If you continue to follow my teaching, you are really my disciples and you will know the truth, and the truth will set you free.”[7] Were the children of the kingdom (υἱοὶ τῆς βασιλείας) synonymous in Jesus’ mind with the sons of God (υἱοὶ θεοῦ)? For all who are led by the Spirit of God are the sons of God.[8]
We tend to analyze Jesus’ sayings according to our own perceptions of the world. Let’s add another perspective of his worldview: And I, when I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all people to myself.[9] For the moment, it matters very little whether I believe this or not. He does, and its his view of the world (κόσμος) I seek to understand.
Despite all He has taught me about being led by the Spirit, I am not 100% led by the Spirit 100% of the time.[10] The slightest deviations from my routine can throw me out of kilter. Other times it seems the monotony of my routine does it. I appreciated the study on free will.[11] It helped me realize how often I still have a knee-jerk reaction that God is punishing me or has forsaken or abandoned me when things aren’t going according to my will. Recalling Jesus’ prayer—not what I will, but what you will[12]—has helped to alleviate some unnecessary concern.
Paul wrote (Ephesians 4:22-24 NET):
You were taught with reference to your former way of life to lay aside the old man who is being corrupted in accordance with deceitful desires, to be renewed in the spirit of your mind, and to put on the new man who has been created in God’s image—in righteousness and holiness that comes from truth.
I will ask the Father, Jesus said, and he will give you another Advocate to be with you forever—the Spirit of truth, whom the world (κόσμος) cannot accept because it does not see him or know him. But you know him because he resides with you and will be in you.[13]
This may be more like the world (κόσμος) that has hated Jesus’ disciples: the world (κόσμος) of the old man (τὸν παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον) who is being corrupted in accordance with deceitful desires and cannot (οὐ δύναται, a form of δύναμαι) accept (λαβεῖν, a form of λαμβάνω) the Spirit of truth. For the flesh has desires that are opposed to the Spirit, Paul wrote, and the Spirit has desires that are opposed to the flesh, for these are in opposition to each other, so that you cannot do what you want.[14]
And this may be more like the opposition Jesus had in mind in the world (κόσμος) of his parable: that opposition of the old human and the new, the flesh and the Spirit, within everyone being drawn to Jesus. I’m taking my clue from the landowner’s response to his slaves’ question: Do you want us to go and gather it?
No, since in gathering the darnel you may uproot the wheat along with it. Let both grow together until the harvest.
It would be easy enough for Jews to kill Gentiles or Christians to kill those who refuse to confess Christ if that is what Jesus had in mind. It is much more difficult to uproot the sin in one’s own flesh, not to mention someone else’s flesh, without doing damage to the good seed, the new man (τὸν καινὸν ἄνθρωπον), that Christ has sown. Of course, at any given place at any given moment before all have been drawn to Jesus people somewhat to mostly led by the Holy Spirit might be confronted by people following their own flesh.
Jesus had elaborated some on this topic previously (John 15:18-27 NET):
“If the world (κόσμος) hates you, be aware that it hated me first. If you belonged to the world (κόσμου, a form of κόσμος), the world (κόσμος) would love you as its own. However, because you do not belong to the world (κόσμου, a form of κόσμος), but I chose you out of the world (κόσμου, a form of κόσμος), for this reason the world (κόσμος) hates you. Remember what I told you, ‘A slave is not greater than his master.’ If they persecuted me, they will also persecute you. If they obeyed my word, they will obey yours too. But they will do all these things to you[15] on account of my name because they do not know the one who sent me. If I had not come and spoken to them, they would not be guilty[16] of sin. But they no longer have any excuse for their sin. The one who hates me hates my Father too. If I had not performed among them the miraculous deeds that no one else did,[17] they would not be guilty[18] of sin. But now they have seen the deeds and have hated both me and my Father. Now this happened to fulfill the word that is written in their law, ‘They hated me without reason.’ When[19] the Advocate comes, whom I will send you from the Father—the Spirit of truth who goes out from the Father—he will testify about me, and you also will testify because you have been with me from the beginning.
This has me thinking a little differently about a very familiar passage: For God so loved the world (κόσμον, another form of κόσμος), that He left it exactly as it is, might be the silent hope of the old human following after the flesh. It is not what the Holy Spirit said through the inspired apostle: For God so loved the world, that hated Him, hated Jesus and his apostles, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.[20]
Jesus elaborated how the old human following after the flesh will be separated from the new human led by the Holy Spirit at the end of the [KJV: this] age (Matthew 13:40-43 NET):
As the poisonous weeds are collected and burned with fire, so it will be at the end of the age [Table]. The Son of Man will send his angels, and they will gather from his kingdom everything that causes sin as well as all lawbreakers. They will throw them into the fiery furnace, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the kingdom of their Father. The one who has ears[21] had better listen!
Paul wrote something similar to those who consider themselves God’s coworkers (συνεργοί, a form of συνεργός) in contrast to those who consider themselves God’s field (γεώργιον), God’s building (οἰκοδομή) (1 Corinthians 3:10-17 NET):
According to the grace of God given to me, like a skilled master-builder I laid[22] a foundation, but someone else builds on it. And each one must be careful how he builds. For no one can lay any foundation other than what is being laid, which is Jesus Christ.[23] If anyone builds on the[24] foundation with gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, or straw, each builder’s work will be plainly seen, for the Day will make it clear, because it will be revealed by fire. And the fire will test what kind of work each has done. If what someone has built[25] survives, he will receive[26] a reward. If someone’s work is burned up, he will suffer loss. He himself will be saved, but only as through fire.
Do you not know that you are God’s temple and that God’s Spirit lives in you? If someone destroys God’s temple, God will destroy him. For God’s temple is holy, which is what you are.
If someone’s work, as a coworker with God building God’s temple, is burned up (κατακαήσεται, a form of κατακαίω), he will suffer loss (ζημιωθήσεται, a form of ζημιόω). While ζημιωθήσεται might have been translated he will be punished, the argument in the note (16) in the NET seems sound to me:
The translation “[will] be punished” is given here by BDAG 428 s.v. ζημιόω 2. But the next clause says “he will be delivered” and so “suffering loss” is more likely to refer to the destruction of the “work” by fire or the loss of the reward that could have been gained.
This reasoning should be carried forward into an understanding of the “destruction” Paul reiterated thereafter. I assume the coworkers building with wood, hay or straw worked in their own strength according to the flesh at cross-purposes with the Holy Spirit. When their work is tested by fire and burns up, they suffer loss. God will destroy (φθερεῖ, a form of φθείρω) the one who destroys (φθείρει, a form of φθείρω), ruins, spoils, ravages, disfigures, damages, disables, seduces, corrupts or cheats God’s field, God’s buiding, God’s temple: he will suffer loss. He himself will be saved (σωθήσεται, a form of σώζω), but only as through fire.
Peter addressed God’s field, God’s building, God’s temple somewhat less ambiguously (2 Peter 3:10-13 NET):
But the day of the Lord will come like a thief; when it comes, the heavens will disappear with a horrific noise, and the celestial bodies will melt away in a blaze, and the earth and every deed done on it will be laid bare. Since all these things are to melt away in this manner, what sort of people must you be, conducting your lives in holiness and godliness [Table], while waiting for and hastening the coming of the day of God? Because of this day, the heavens will be burned up and dissolve, and the celestial bodies will melt away in a blaze! But, according to his promise, we are waiting for new heavens and a new earth, in which righteousness truly resides.
I’ll pick this up in another essay.
Note 67 in the NET claimed that Jesus quoted Psalm 35:19. A table comparing the Greek of Jesus’ quotation to the Septuagint follows.
| John 15:25b (NET Parallel Greek) |
Psalm 35:19b (Septuagint BLB) |
Psalm 34:19b (Septuagint Elpenor) |
| ἐμίσησαν με δωρεάν |
οἱ μισοῦντές με δωρεὰν |
οἱ μισοῦντες με δωρεὰν |
| John 15:25b (NET) |
Psalm 34:19b (NETS) |
Psalm 34:19b (English Elpenor) |
| They hated me without reason |
those who hate me without cause |
who hate me for nothing |
It is interesting to hear this as Jesus’ prayer:
| Masoretic Text |
Septuagint |
| Psalm 35:19 (Tanakh) |
Psalm 35:19 (NET) |
Psalm 34:19 (NETS) |
Psalm 34:19 (English Elpenor) |
| Let not them that are mine enemies wrongfully rejoice over me: neither let them wink with the eye that hate me without a cause. |
Do not let those who are my enemies for no reason gloat over me. Do not let those who hate me without cause carry out their wicked schemes. |
May those who unjustly are my enemies not be happy over me, those who hate me without cause and wink with the eyes, |
Let not them that are mine enemies without a cause rejoice against me; who hate me for nothing, and wink with their eyes. |
Note 67 in the NET also claimed that Jesus quoted Psalm 69:4. A table comparing the Greek of Jesus’ quotation to the Septuagint follows.
| John 15:25b (NET Parallel Greek) |
Psalm 69:4b (Septuagint BLB) |
Psalm 68:5b (Septuagint Elpenor) |
| ἐμίσησαν με δωρεάν |
οἱ μισοῦντές με δωρεάν |
οἱ μισοῦντές με δωρεάν |
| John 15:25b (NET) |
Psalm 68:5b (NETS) |
Psalm 68:5b (English Elpenor) |
| They hated me without reason |
those who hate me without cause |
They that hate me without a cause |
If He did quote the Septuagint I find it interesting that He changed the present tense μισοῦντές (a form of μισέω), which was certainly true, to the aorist tense ἐμίσησαν (another form of μισέω). “The aorist is said to be ‘simple occurrence’ or ‘summary occurrence,’ without regard for the amount of time taken to accomplish the action. This tense is also often referred to as the ‘punctiliar’ tense. ‘Punctiliar’ in this sense means ‘viewed as a single, collective whole,’ a ‘one-point-in-time’ action, although it may actually take place over a period of time.”[27] Has Jesus used Greek grammar to prophesy another point-in-time when this hatred will no longer be true?
Gary Gagliardi on Christ’s Words — The Mysteries of Jesus’s Greek Revealed online took a different tack. He heard Jesus quoting from the Hebrew of Psalm 109:3. The Greek verb is quite different.
| John 15:25b (NET Parallel Greek) |
Psalm 109:3b (Septuagint BLB) |
Psalm 108:3b (Septuagint Elpenor) |
| ἐμίσησαν με δωρεάν |
καὶ ἐπολέμησάν με δωρεάν |
καὶ ἐπολέμησάν με δωρεάν |
| John 15:25b (NET) |
Psalm 108:3b (NETS) |
Psalm 108:3b (English Elpenor) |
| They hated me without reason |
and made war on me without cause |
and fought against me without a cause |
Though ἐπολέμησάν (a form of πολεμέω) is different from ἐμίσησαν, it is in the aorist tense. And I do take Mr. Gagliardi’s point to heart—“Jesus often seems much more light-hearted in the Greek.” Jesus doesn’t seem as whiny about being hated or polemicized against as I have heard in my own mind reading any of these Psalms.
Note 64 in the NET claimed that Jesus quoted Daniel 3:6. A table comparing the Greek of Jesus’ quotation to the Septuagint follows.
| Matthew 13:42a (NET Parallel Greek) |
Daniel 3:6 (Septuagint BLB) |
Daniel 3:6 (Septuagint Elpenor) |
| βαλοῦσιν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὴν κάμινον τοῦ πυρός |
ἐμβληθήσεται εἰς τὴν κάμινον τοῦ πυρὸς τὴν καιομένην |
ἐμβληθήσεται εἰς τὴν κάμινον τοῦ πυρὸς τὴν καιομένην |
| Matthew 13:42a (NET) |
Daniel 3:6 (NETS) |
Daniel 3:6 (English Elpenor) |
| They will throw them into the fiery furnace |
will be thrown into the furnace blazing with fire |
he shall be cast into the burning fiery furnace |
At first this seemed so startling I searched the Septuagint for another possibility. But as I considered the entire story (Daniel 3:1-4:3) it began to seem like Jesus’ wink to those in the know. Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego (Daniel 3:12) refused to honor the king’s edict out of respect for the one true living God:
| Masoretic Text |
Septuagint |
| Daniel 3:17, 18 (Tanakh) |
Daniel 3:17, 18 (NET) |
Daniel 3:17, 18 (NETS) |
Daniel 3:17, 18 (English Elpenor) |
| If it be so, our God whom we serve is able to deliver us from the burning fiery furnace, and he will deliver us out of thine hand, O king. |
If our God whom we are serving exists, he is able to rescue us from the furnace of blazing fire, and he will rescue us, O king, from your power as well. |
for there is a god whom we serve, able to deliver us from the furnace blazing with fire, and out of your hands, O king, he will rescue us. |
For our God whom we serve is in the heavens, able to deliver us from the burning fiery furnace, and he will rescue us from thy hands, O king. |
| But if not, be it known unto thee, O king, that we will not serve thy gods, nor worship the golden image which thou hast set up. |
But if he does not, let it be known to you, O king, that we don’t serve your gods, and we will not pay homage to the golden statue that you have erected.” |
And if not, let it be known to you, O king, that we will not serve your gods, and we will not do obeisance to the image, which you have set up.” |
But if not, be it known to thee, O king, that we will not serve thy gods, nor worship the image which thou hast set up. |
Their insolence had the intended effect. Enraged, the king ordered that the fire be made seven times hotter. It was so hot it killed the men who threw Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego into it, yet they were unharmed by its flames.
| Masoretic Text |
Septuagint |
| Daniel 3:26, 27 (Tanakh) |
Daniel 3:26, 27 (NET) |
Daniel 3:93, 94 (NETS) |
Daniel 3:26, 27 (English Elpenor) |
| Then Nebuchadnezzar came near to the mouth of the burning fiery furnace, and spake, and said, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, ye servants of the most high God, come forth, and come hither. Then Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, came forth of the midst of the fire. |
Then Nebuchadnezzar approached the door of the furnace of blazing fire. He called out, “Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, servants of the most high God, come out! Come here!” Then Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego emerged from the fire. |
Then Nabouchodonosor approached the door of the furnace blazing with fire and said, “Sedrach, Misach, Abdenago, slaves of the Most High God, come out and come here!” And Sedrach, Misach, Abdenago came out from the middle of the fire. |
Then Nabuchodonosor drew near to the door of the burning fiery furnace, and said, Sedrach, Misach, and Abdenago, ye servants of the most high God, proceed forth, and come hither. So Sedrach, Misach, and Abdenago, came forth out of the midst of the fire. |
| And the princes, governors, and captains, and the king’s counsellors, being gathered together, saw these men, upon whose bodies the fire had no power, nor was an hair of their head singed, neither were their coats changed, nor the smell of fire had passed on them. |
Once the satraps, prefects, governors, and ministers of the king had gathered around, they saw that those men were physically unharmed by the fire. The hair of their heads was not singed, nor were their trousers damaged. Not even the smell of fire was to be found on them! |
And the satraps and the generals and the local rulers and the dynasts of the king gathered together and looked at the men, that the fire had not had any power over their body; the hair of their heads was not singed, and their trousers were not changed, and a smell of fire was not on them. |
Then were assembled the satraps, and captains, and heads of provinces, and the royal princes; and they saw the men, and perceived that the fire had not had power against their bodies, and the hair of their head was not burnt, and their coats were not scorched, nor was the smell of fire upon them. |
Note 65 in the NET claimed that Jesus alluded to Daniel 12:3. A table comparing the Greek of Jesus’ allusion to the Septuagint follows.
| Matthew 13:43a (NET Parallel Greek) |
Daniel 12:3 (Septuagint BLB) |
Daniel 12:3 (Septuagint Elpenor) |
| οἱ δίκαιοι ἐκλάμψουσιν ὡς ὁ ἥλιος ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτῶν |
οἱ συνιέντες ἐκλάμψουσιν ὡς ἡ λαμπρότης τοῦ στερεώματος καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν δικαίων τῶν πολλῶν ὡς οἱ ἀστέρες εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας καὶ ἔτι |
οἱ συνιέντες ἐκλάμψουσιν ὡς ἡ λαμπρότης τοῦ στερεώματος καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν δικαίων τῶν πολλῶν ὡς οἱ ἀστέρες εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας καὶ ἔτι |
| Matthew 13:43a (NET) |
Daniel 12:3 (NETS) |
Daniel 12:3 (English Elpenor) |
| the righteous will shine like the sun in the kingdom of their Father |
those who are intelligent will shine like the splendor of the firmament, and some of the many righteous, like the stars forever and anon. |
the wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament, and [some] of the many righteous as the stars for ever and ever. |
Tables comparing Psalm 35:19; 69:4; 109:3; Daniel 3:6; 3:17; 3:18; 3:26; 3:27 and 12:3 in the Tanakh, KJV and NET, and tables comparing Psalm 35:19 (34:19); 69:4 (68:5); 109:3 (108:3); Daniel 3:6; 3:17; 3:18; 3:26 (3:93); 3:27 (3:94) and 12:3 the Greek of in the Septuagint (BLB and Elpenor), and tables comparing Matthew 13:24, 25; 13:30; 13:37; John 15:21, 22; 15:24; 15:26; Matthew 13:43; 1 Corinthians 3:10-12 and 3:14 in the NET and KJV follow.
| Psalm 35:19 (Tanakh) |
Psalm 35:19 (KJV) |
Psalm 35:19 (NET) |
| Let not them that are mine enemies wrongfully rejoice over me: neither let them wink with the eye that hate me without a cause. |
Let not them that are mine enemies wrongfully rejoice over me: neither let them wink with the eye that hate me without a cause. |
Do not let those who are my enemies for no reason gloat over me. Do not let those who hate me without cause carry out their wicked schemes. |
| Psalm 35:19 (Septuagint BLB) |
Psalm 34:19 (Septuagint Elpenor) |
| μὴ ἐπιχαρείησάν μοι οἱ ἐχθραίνοντές μοι ἀδίκως οἱ μισοῦντές με δωρεὰν καὶ διανεύοντες ὀφθαλμοῗς |
μὴ ἐπιχαρείησάν μοι οἱ ἐχθραίνοντές μοι ἀδίκως, οἱ μισοῦντες με δωρεὰν καὶ διανεύοντες ὀφθαλμοῖς |
| Psalm 34:19 (NETS) |
Psalm 34:19 (English Elpenor) |
| May those who unjustly are my enemies not be happy over me, those who hate me without cause and wink with the eyes, |
Let not them that are mine enemies without a cause rejoice against me; who hate me for nothing, and wink with their eyes. |
| Psalm 69:4 (Tanakh) |
Psalm 69:4 (KJV) |
Psalm 69:4 (NET) |
| They that hate me without a cause are more than the hairs of mine head: they that would destroy me, being mine enemies wrongfully, are mighty: then I restored that which I took not away. |
They that hate me without a cause are more than the hairs of mine head: they that would destroy me, being mine enemies wrongfully, are mighty: then I restored that which I took not away. |
Those who hate me without cause are more numerous than the hairs of my head. Those who want to destroy me, my enemies for no reason, outnumber me. They make me repay what I did not steal. |
| Psalm 69:4 (Septuagint BLB) |
Psalm 68:5 (Septuagint Elpenor) |
| ἐπληθύνθησαν ὑπὲρ τὰς τρίχας τῆς κεφαλῆς μου οἱ μισοῦντές με δωρεάν ἐκραταιώθησαν οἱ ἐχθροί μου οἱ ἐκδιώκοντές με ἀδίκως ἃ οὐχ ἥρπασα τότε ἀπετίννυον |
ἐπληθύνθησαν ὑπὲρ τὰς τρίχας τῆς κεφαλῆς μου οἱ μισοῦντές με δωρεάν, ἐκραταιώθησαν οἱ ἐχθροί μου οἱ ἐκδιώκοντές με ἀδίκως· ἃ οὐχ ἥρπαζον, τότε ἀπετίννυον |
| Psalm 68:5 (NETS) |
Psalm 68:5 (English Elpenor) |
| They multiplied beyond the hairs of my head, those who hate me without cause; my enemies who persecuted me unjustly became strong. What I did not seize I would then repay. |
They that hate me without a cause are more than the hairs of my head: my enemies that persecute me unrighteously are strengthened: then I restored that which I took not away. |
| Psalm 109:3 (Tanakh) |
Psalm 109:3 (KJV) |
Psalm 109:3 (NET) |
| They compassed me about also with words of hatred; and fought against me without a cause. |
They compassed me about also with words of hatred; and fought against me without a cause. |
They surround me and say hateful things; they attack me for no reason. |
| Daniel 3:6 (Tanakh) |
Daniel 3:6 (KJV) |
Daniel 3:6 (NET) |
| And whoso falleth not down and worshippeth shall the same hour be cast into the midst of a burning fiery furnace. |
And whoso falleth not down and worshippeth shall the same hour be cast into the midst of a burning fiery furnace. |
Whoever does not bow down and pay homage will immediately be thrown into the midst of a furnace of blazing fire!” |
| Daniel 3:6 (Septuagint BLB) |
Daniel 3:6 (Septuagint Elpenor) |
| καὶ ὃς ἂν μὴ πεσὼν προσκυνήσῃ αὐτῇ τῇ ὥρᾳ ἐμβληθήσεται εἰς τὴν κάμινον τοῦ πυρὸς τὴν καιομένην |
καὶ ὃς ἂν μὴ πεσὼν προσκυνήσῃ, αὐτῇ τῇ ὥρᾳ ἐμβληθήσεται εἰς τὴν κάμινον τοῦ πυρὸς τὴν καιομένην |
| Daniel 3:6 (NETS) |
Daniel 3:6 (English Elpenor) |
| And whoever does not fall down and do obeisance, at that very hour will be thrown into the furnace blazing with fire.” |
And whosoever shall not fall down and worship, in the same hour he shall be cast into the burning fiery furnace. |
| Daniel 3:17 (Tanakh) |
Daniel 3:17 (KJV) |
Daniel 3:17 (NET) |
| If it be so, our God whom we serve is able to deliver us from the burning fiery furnace, and he will deliver us out of thine hand, O king. |
If it be so, our God whom we serve is able to deliver us from the burning fiery furnace, and he will deliver us out of thine hand, O king. |
If our God whom we are serving exists, he is able to rescue us from the furnace of blazing fire, and he will rescue us, O king, from your power as well. |
| Daniel 3:17 (Septuagint BLB) |
Daniel 3:17 (Septuagint Elpenor) |
| ἔστιν γὰρ θεός ᾧ ἡμεῗς λατρεύομεν δυνατὸς ἐξελέσθαι ἡμᾶς ἐκ τῆς καμίνου τοῦ πυρὸς τῆς καιομένης καὶ ἐκ τῶν χειρῶν σου βασιλεῦ ῥύσεται ἡμᾶς |
ἔστι γὰρ Θεὸς ἡμῶν ἐν οὐρανοῖς, ᾧ ἡμεῖς λατρεύομεν, δυνατὸς ἐξελέσθαι ἡμᾶς ἐκ τῆς καμίνου τοῦ πυρὸς τῆς καιομένης, καὶ ἐκ τῶν χειρῶν σου, βασιλεῦ, ρύσεται ἡμᾶς |
| Daniel 3:17 (NETS) |
Daniel 3:17 (English Elpenor) |
| for there is a god whom we serve, able to deliver us from the furnace blazing with fire, and out of your hands, O king, he will rescue us. |
For our God whom we serve is in the heavens, able to deliver us from the burning fiery furnace, and he will rescue us from thy hands, O king. |
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Daniel 3:18 (Tanakh)
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Daniel 3:18 (KJV) |
Daniel 3:18 (NET)
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| But if not, be it known unto thee, O king, that we will not serve thy gods, nor worship the golden image which thou hast set up. |
But if not, be it known unto thee, O king, that we will not serve thy gods, nor worship the golden image which thou hast set up. |
But if he does not, let it be known to you, O king, that we don’t serve your gods, and we will not pay homage to the golden statue that you have erected.” |
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Daniel 3:18 (Septuagint BLB)
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Daniel 3:18 (Septuagint Elpenor)
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| καὶ ἐὰν μή γνωστὸν ἔστω σοι βασιλεῦ ὅτι τοῗς θεοῗς σου οὐ λατρεύομεν καὶ τῇ εἰκόνι τῇ χρυσῇ ᾗ ἔστησας οὐ προσκυνοῦμεν |
καὶ ἐὰν μή, γνωστὸν ἔστω σοι, βασιλεῦ, ὅτι τοῖς θεοῖς σου οὐ λατρεύομεν καὶ τῇ εἰκόνι, ᾗ ἔστησας, οὐ προσκυνοῦμεν |
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Daniel 3:18 (NETS)
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Daniel 3:18 (English Elpenor)
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| And if not, let it be known to you, O king, that we will not serve your gods, and we will not do obeisance to the image, which you have set up.” |
But if not, be it known to thee, O king, that we will not serve thy gods, nor worship the image which thou hast set up. |
| Daniel 3:26 (Tanakh) |
Daniel 3:26 (KJV) |
Daniel 3:26 (NET) |
| Then Nebuchadnezzar came near to the mouth of the burning fiery furnace, and spake, and said, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, ye servants of the most high God, come forth, and come hither. Then Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, came forth of the midst of the fire. |
Then Nebuchadnezzar came near to the mouth of the burning fiery furnace, and spake, and said, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, ye servants of the most high God, come forth, and come hither. Then Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, came forth of the midst of the fire. |
Then Nebuchadnezzar approached the door of the furnace of blazing fire. He called out, “Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, servants of the most high God, come out! Come here!” Then Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego emerged from the fire. |
| Daniel 3:26 (Septuagint BLB) |
Daniel 3:26 (Septuagint Elpenor) |
| τότε προσῆλθεν Ναβουχοδονοσορ πρὸς τὴν θύραν τῆς καμίνου τοῦ πυρὸς τῆς καιομένης καὶ εἶπεν Σεδραχ Μισαχ Αβδεναγω οἱ δοῦλοι τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ ὑψίστου ἐξέλθετε καὶ δεῦτε καὶ ἐξῆλθον Σεδραχ Μισαχ Αβδεναγω ἐκ μέσου τοῦ πυρός |
τότε προσῆλθε Ναβουχοδονόσορ πρὸς τὴν θύραν τῆς καμίνου τοῦ πυρὸς τῆς καιομένης καὶ εἶπε· Σεδράχ, Μισάχ, ᾿Αβδεναγώ, οἱ δοῦλοι τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ ῾Υψίστου, ἐξέλθετε καὶ δεῦτε. καὶ ἐξῆλθον Σεδράχ, Μισάχ, ᾿Αβδεναγὼ ἐκ μέσου τοῦ πυρός |
| Daniel 3:93 (NETS) |
Daniel 3:26 (English Elpenor) |
| Then Nabouchodonosor approached the door of the furnace blazing with fire and said, “Sedrach, Misach, Abdenago, slaves of the Most High God, come out and come here!” And Sedrach, Misach, Abdenago came out from the middle of the fire. |
Then Nabuchodonosor drew near to the door of the burning fiery furnace, and said, Sedrach, Misach, and Abdenago, ye servants of the most high God, proceed forth, and come hither. So Sedrach, Misach, and Abdenago, came forth out of the midst of the fire. |
| Daniel 3:27 (Tanakh) |
Daniel 3:27 (KJV) |
Daniel 3:27 (NET) |
| And the princes, governors, and captains, and the king’s counsellors, being gathered together, saw these men, upon whose bodies the fire had no power, nor was an hair of their head singed, neither were their coats changed, nor the smell of fire had passed on them. |
And the princes, governors, and captains, and the king’s counsellors, being gathered together, saw these men, upon whose bodies the fire had no power, nor was an hair of their head singed, neither were their coats changed, nor the smell of fire had passed on them. |
Once the satraps, prefects, governors, and ministers of the king had gathered around, they saw that those men were physically unharmed by the fire. The hair of their heads was not singed, nor were their trousers damaged. Not even the smell of fire was to be found on them! |
| Daniel 3:27 (Septuagint BLB) |
Daniel 3:27 (Septuagint Elpenor) |
| καὶ συνάγονται οἱ σατράπαι καὶ οἱ στρατηγοὶ καὶ οἱ τοπάρχαι καὶ οἱ δυνάσται τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ ἐθεώρουν τοὺς ἄνδρας ὅτι οὐκ ἐκυρίευσεν τὸ πῦρ τοῦ σώματος αὐτῶν καὶ ἡ θρὶξ τῆς κεφαλῆς αὐτῶν οὐκ ἐφλογίσθη καὶ τὰ σαράβαρα αὐτῶν οὐκ ἠλλοιώθη καὶ ὀσμὴ πυρὸς οὐκ ἦν ἐν αὐτοῗς |
καὶ συνάγονται οἱ σατράπαι καὶ οἱ στρατηγοὶ καὶ οἱ τοπάρχαι καὶ οἱ δυνάσται τοῦ βασιλέως καὶ ἐθεώρουν τοὺς ἄνδρας ὅτι οὐκ ἐκυρίευσε τὸ πῦρ τοῦ σώματος αὐτῶν, καὶ ἡ θρὶξ τῆς κεφαλῆς αὐτῶν οὐκ ἐφλογίσθη, καὶ τὰ σαράβαρα αὐτῶν οὐκ ἠλλοιώθη, καὶ ὀσμὴ πυρὸς οὐκ ἦν ἐν αὐτοῖς |
| Daniel 3:94 (NETS) |
Daniel 3:27 (English Elpenor) |
| And the satraps and the generals and the local rulers and the dynasts of the king gathered together and looked at the men, that the fire had not had any power over their body; the hair of their heads was not singed, and their trousers were not changed, and a smell of fire was not on them. |
Then were assembled the satraps, and captains, and heads of provinces, and the royal princes; and they saw the men, and perceived that the fire had not had power against their bodies, and the hair of their head was not burnt, and their coats were not scorched, nor was the smell of fire upon them. |
| Daniel 12:3 (Tanakh) |
Daniel 12:3 (KJV) |
Daniel 12:3 (NET) |
| And they that be wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament; and they that turn many to righteousness as the stars for ever and ever. |
And they that be wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament; and they that turn many to righteousness as the stars for ever and ever. |
But the wise will shine like the brightness of the heavenly expanse. And those bringing many to righteousness will be like the stars forever and ever. |
| Daniel 12:3 (Septuagint BLB) |
Daniel 12:3 (Septuagint Elpenor) |
| καὶ οἱ συνιέντες ἐκλάμψουσιν ὡς ἡ λαμπρότης τοῦ στερεώματος καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν δικαίων τῶν πολλῶν ὡς οἱ ἀστέρες εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας καὶ ἔτι |
καὶ οἱ συνιέντες ἐκλάμψουσιν ὡς ἡ λαμπρότης τοῦ στερεώματος καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν δικαίων τῶν πολλῶν ὡς οἱ ἀστέρες εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας καὶ ἔτι |
| Daniel 12:3 (NETS) |
Daniel 12:3 (English Elpenor) |
| And those who are intelligent will shine like the splendor of the firmament, and some of the many righteous, like the stars forever and anon. |
And the wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament, and [some] of the many righteous as the stars for ever and ever. |
| Matthew 13:24, 25 (NET) |
Matthew 13:24, 25 (KJV) |
| He presented them with another parable: “The kingdom of heaven is like a person who sowed good seed in his field. |
Another parable put he forth unto them, saying, The kingdom of heaven is likened unto a man which sowed good seed in his field: |
| NET Parallel Greek |
Stephanus Textus Receptus |
Byzantine Majority Text |
| ῎Αλλην παραβολὴν παρέθηκεν αὐτοῖς λέγων· ὡμοιώθη ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν ἀνθρώπῳ σπείραντι καλὸν σπέρμα ἐν τῷ ἀγρῷ αὐτοῦ |
αλλην παραβολην παρεθηκεν αυτοις λεγων ωμοιωθη η βασιλεια των ουρανων ανθρωπω σπειροντι καλον σπερμα εν τω αγρω αυτου |
αλλην παραβολην παρεθηκεν αυτοις λεγων ωμοιωθη η βασιλεια των ουρανων ανθρωπω σπειροντι καλον σπερμα εν τω αγρω αυτου |
| But while everyone was sleeping, an enemy came and sowed darnel among the wheat and went away. |
But while men slept, his enemy came and sowed tares among the wheat, and went his way. |
| Matthew 13:30 (NET) |
Matthew 13:30 (KJV) |
| Let both grow together until the harvest. At harvest time I will tell the reapers, “First collect the darnel and tie it in bundles to be burned, but then gather the wheat into my barn.”’” |
Let both grow together until the harvest: and in the time of harvest I will say to the reapers, Gather ye together first the tares, and bind them in bundles to burn them: but gather the wheat into my barn. |
| NET Parallel Greek |
Stephanus Textus Receptus |
Byzantine Majority Text |
| ἄφετε συναυξάνεσθαι ἀμφότερα ἕως τοῦ θερισμοῦ, καὶ ἐν καιρῷ τοῦ θερισμοῦ ἐρῶ τοῖς θερισταῖς· συλλέξατε πρῶτον τὰ ζιζάνια καὶ δήσατε αὐτὰ |εἰς| δέσμας πρὸς τὸ κατακαῦσαι αὐτά, τὸν δὲ σῖτον |συναγάγετε| εἰς τὴν ἀποθήκην μου |
αφετε συναυξανεσθαι αμφοτερα μεχρι του θερισμου και εν τω καιρω του θερισμου ερω τοις θερισταις συλλεξατε πρωτον τα ζιζανια και δησατε αυτα εις δεσμας προς το κατακαυσαι αυτα τον δε σιτον συναγαγετε εις την αποθηκην μου |
αφετε συναυξανεσθαι αμφοτερα μεχρι του θερισμου και εν καιρω του θερισμου ερω τοις θερισταις συλλεξατε πρωτον τα ζιζανια και δησατε αυτα εις δεσμας προς το κατακαυσαι αυτα τον δε σιτον συναγαγετε εις την αποθηκην μου |
| Matthew 13:37 (NET) |
Matthew 13:37 (KJV) |
| He answered, “The one who sowed the good seed is the Son of Man. |
He answered and said unto them, He that soweth the good seed is the Son of man; |
| John 15:21, 22 (NET) |
John 15:21, 22 (KJV) |
| But they will do all these things to you on account of my name because they do not know the one who sent me. |
But all these things will they do unto you for my name’s sake, because they know not him that sent me. |
| If I had not come and spoken to them, they would not be guilty of sin. But they no longer have any excuse for their sin. |
If I had not come and spoken unto them, they had not had sin: but now they have no cloke for their sin. |
| John 15:24 (NET) |
John 15:24 (KJV) |
| If I had not performed among them the miraculous deeds that no one else did, they would not be guilty of sin. But now they have seen the deeds and have hated both me and my Father. |
If I had not done among them the works which none other man did, they had not had sin: but now have they both seen and hated both me and my Father. |
| NET Parallel Greek |
Stephanus Textus Receptus |
Byzantine Majority Text |
| εἰ τὰ ἔργα μὴ ἐποίησα ἐν αὐτοῖς ἃ οὐδεὶς ἄλλος ἐποίησεν, ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ εἴχοσαν· νῦν δὲ καὶ ἑωράκασιν καὶ μεμισήκασιν καὶ ἐμὲ καὶ τὸν πατέρα μου. |
ει τα εργα μη εποιησα εν αυτοις α ουδεις αλλος πεποιηκεν αμαρτιαν ουκ ειχον νυν δε και εωρακασιν και μεμισηκασιν και εμε και τον πατερα μου |
ει τα εργα μη εποιησα εν αυτοις α ουδεις αλλος πεποιηκεν αμαρτιαν ουκ ειχον νυν δε και εωρακασιν και μεμισηκασιν και εμε και τον πατερα μου |
| John 15:26 (NET) |
John 15:26 (KJV) |
| When the Advocate comes, whom I will send you from the Father—the Spirit of truth who goes out from the Father—he will testify about me, |
But when the Comforter is come, whom I will send unto you from the Father, even the Spirit of truth, which proceedeth from the Father, he shall testify of me: |
| NET Parallel Greek |
Stephanus Textus Receptus |
Byzantine Majority Text |
| Ὅταν ἔλθῃ ὁ παράκλητος ὃν ἐγὼ πέμψω ὑμῖν παρὰ τοῦ πατρός, τὸ πνεῦμα τῆς ἀληθείας ὃ παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς ἐκπορεύεται, ἐκεῖνος μαρτυρήσει περὶ ἐμοῦ |
οταν δε ελθη ο παρακλητος ον εγω πεμψω υμιν παρα του πατρος το πνευμα της αληθειας ο παρα του πατρος εκπορευεται εκεινος μαρτυρησει περι εμου |
οταν δε ελθη ο παρακλητος ον εγω πεμψω υμιν παρα του πατρος το πνευμα της αληθειας ο παρα του πατρος εκπορευεται εκεινος μαρτυρησει περι εμου |
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Matthew 13:43 (NET)
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Matthew 13:43 (KJV)
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| Then the righteous will shine like the sun in the kingdom of their Father. The one who has ears had better listen! |
Then shall the righteous shine forth as the sun in the kingdom of their Father. Who hath ears to hear, let him hear. |
| 1 Corinthians 3:10-12 (NET) |
1 Corinthians 3:10-12 (KJV) |
| According to the grace of God given to me, like a skilled master-builder I laid a foundation, but someone else builds on it. And each one must be careful how he builds. |
According to the grace of God which is given unto me, as a wise masterbuilder, I have laid the foundation, and another buildeth thereon. But let every man take heed how he buildeth thereupon. |
| NET Parallel Greek |
Stephanus Textus Receptus |
Byzantine Majority Text |
| Κατὰ τὴν χάριν τοῦ θεοῦ τὴν δοθεῖσαν μοι ὡς σοφὸς ἀρχιτέκτων θεμέλιον ἔθηκα, ἄλλος δὲ ἐποικοδομεῖ. ἕκαστος δὲ βλεπέτω πῶς ἐποικοδομεῖ |
κατα την χαριν του θεου την δοθεισαν μοι ως σοφος αρχιτεκτων θεμελιον τεθεικα αλλος δε εποικοδομει εκαστος δε βλεπετω πως εποικοδομει |
κατα την χαριν του θεου την δοθεισαν μοι ως σοφος αρχιτεκτων θεμελιον τεθεικα αλλος δε εποικοδομει εκαστος δε βλεπετω πως εποικοδομει |
| For no one can lay any foundation other than what is being laid, which is Jesus Christ. |
For other foundation can no man lay than that is laid, which is Jesus Christ. |
| If anyone builds on the foundation with gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, or straw, |
Now if any man build upon this foundation gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, stubble; |
| 1 Corinthians 3:14 (NET) |
1 Corinthians 3:14 (KJV) |
| If what someone has built survives, he will receive a reward. |
If any man’s work abide which he hath built thereupon, he shall receive a reward. |
[1] John 17:17 (NET)
[2] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had σπείραντι here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had σπειροντι (KJV: which sowed).
[3] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had ἐπέσπειρεν here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had εσπειρεν.
[4] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had φησιν here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had εφη.
[5] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had ἕως here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had μεχρι.
[6] John 8:44a (NET) Table
[7] John 8:31, 32 (NET)
[8] Romans 8:14 (NET)
[9] John 12:32 (NET)
[10] I’m thinking here of live by the Spirit and you will not carry out (τελέσητε, a form of τελέω) the desires of the flesh (Galatians 5:16). Apart from my petty outbursts of anger, I recall a more troubling lapse. It began as a thought, then I spoke it aloud: “It may be time to take out Antifa and BLM while they’re still bringing ball bats to a gunfight.” They were idle words. I didn’t follow through to carry out the desire to shoot members of Antifa and BLM with a gun I don’t even have. And if that’s the best I can hope for this side of the fire, I’ll take it! But I still want to be more loving, joyful, peaceful, patient, kind, good, faithful, gentle and self-controlled than that.
[11] Who Am I? Part 11 ; Who Am I? Part 12 ; Who Am I? Part 13
[12] Matthew 26:39b (NET)
[13] John 14:16, 17 (NET) Table
[14] Galatians 5:17 (NET) Table
[15] The NET parallel Geek text and NA28 had εἰς ὑμᾶς here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had υμιν (KJV: unto them).
[16] The NET parallel Geek text and NA28 had εἴχοσαν here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ειχον (KJV: they had…had).
[17] The NET parallel Geek text and NA28 had ἐποίησεν here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had πεποιηκεν.
[18] The NET parallel Geek text and NA28 had εἴχοσαν here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ειχον (KJV: had).
[19] The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had δε (KJV: But) here. The NET parallel Geek text and NA28 did not.
[20] John 3:16 (KJV) Table
[21] The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ακουειν (KJV: to hear) following ears. The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 did not.
[22] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had ἔθηκα here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had τεθεικα (KJV: I have laid).
[23] The Stephanus Textus Receptus had the article ο preceding Christ. The NET parallel Greek text, NA28 and Byzantine Majority Text did not.
[24] The Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had τουτον (KJV: this) here. The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 did not.
[25] The NET parallel Greek text, NA28 and Byzantine Majority Text had ἐποικοδόμησεν here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus had επωκοδομησεν (KJV: he hath built).
[26] The NET parallel Greek text and NA28 had λήμψεται here, where the Stephanus Textus Receptus and Byzantine Majority Text had ληψεται (KJV: he shall receive).
[27] Verb Tenses, Greek Verbs (Shorter Definitions), Resources for Learning New Testament Greek
